WO2005010576A1 - ヨウ素染色されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの製造方法、偏光子の製造方法、偏光子、偏光板、光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents
ヨウ素染色されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの製造方法、偏光子の製造方法、偏光子、偏光板、光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005010576A1 WO2005010576A1 PCT/JP2004/009655 JP2004009655W WO2005010576A1 WO 2005010576 A1 WO2005010576 A1 WO 2005010576A1 JP 2004009655 W JP2004009655 W JP 2004009655W WO 2005010576 A1 WO2005010576 A1 WO 2005010576A1
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- film
- polarizer
- polarizing plate
- iodine
- based film
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2029/00—Use of polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2029/04—PVOH, i.e. polyvinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an iodine-dyed polybutyl alcohol-based film.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a polarizer and a polarizer obtained by the method.
- the present invention also relates to a polarizing plate and an optical film using the polarizer, and further to an image display device such as a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, and a PDP using the polarizing plate and the like.
- Polarizers used in image display devices have both high transmittance and degree of polarization. Therefore, polybuilt dyed with a dichroic dye such as iodine and further stretched is used. Alcohol-based films are used.
- the polarizer is usually used as a polarizing plate having a protective film attached to one or both surfaces thereof. These polarizing plates are also used as optical films on which various optical layers are appropriately laminated. Further, with the demand for improved functions and brightness of the image display device, the demand for improved quality and durability of polarizers used in the image display device has been increasing.
- a method of dyeing a polybutyl alcohol-based film with iodine a method of immersing a polyvier alcohol-based film in an iodine aqueous solution bath is generally used. Since iodine has a strong sublimation property, if an aqueous solution of iodine is used as it is, the amount of iodine to be dyed will be reduced, and the absorption in the visible light region, which is indispensable for a polarizer, will not be sufficiently exhibited. As a result, the transmittance of the polarizer decreases. In order to avoid the problem, it was necessary to control the process to keep the iodine concentration in the aqueous iodine solution constant. In addition, a large amount of sublimation of iodine from an iodine aqueous solution bath is not preferable in terms of work hygiene. As described above, the conventional manufacturing method is a method that requires meticulous process control.
- iodide ion ( ⁇ ) is contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, it is immersed in a water bath containing an oxidizing agent (eg, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, etc.). A part of the iodide ions in the film is converted to iodine (I)
- a dyeing method has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). Also, by immersing the film in an aqueous solution containing a polyvalent metal (for example, a water-soluble salt such as cupric oxide sulfate or iron citrate), iodide ions in the film are similarly converted into iodine (I).
- a polyvalent metal for example, a water-soluble salt such as cupric oxide sulfate or iron citrate
- Patent Document 2 A method of dyeing by oxidation has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-7-104126
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2-73309
- the present invention is a method for producing an iodine-stained polybutyl alcohol-based film, which comprises removing the iodine contained in the film without using a step of immersing the polybutyl alcohol-based film in an aqueous iodine solution.
- the purpose is to provide a production method that can easily control the amount.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a polarizer, utilizing the method for producing the iodine-stained polybutyl alcohol-based film.
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the following object has been achieved by a method for producing an iodine-stained polybutyl alcohol-based film and a method for producing a polarizer shown below. They have found that they can do this and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- step (1) of preparing a polybutyl alcohol-based film containing iodide ions is carried out by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal iodide. 3.
- a step (2) of irradiating the polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing iodide ions with ultraviolet light or visible light to oxidize the iodide ions to generate iodine, and a stretching step of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film A method for producing a polarizer, comprising at least (3).
- the step (1) of preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing iodide ions is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal iodide. 5. The method for producing a polarizer according to the above item 4, wherein
- a polarizing plate characterized by having a transparent protective film on at least one surface of the polarizer according to the above item 7.
- An optical film characterized in that another optical layer is laminated on the polarizer according to the above item 7 or the polarizing plate according to the above item 8.
- An image display device comprising at least one of the polarizer according to 7 above, the polarizing plate according to 8 above, or the optical film according to 9 above.
- the method for producing an iodine-stained polybutyl alcohol-based film of the present invention employs a method in which iodide ions are contained in a polybuil alcohol-based film and then the iodide ions are oxidized.
- iodide ions are contained in a polybuil alcohol-based film and then the iodide ions are oxidized.
- the oxidation of iodide ions is performed by irradiating ultraviolet light or visible light, and the amount of iodine formed in the film can be easily controlled by the amount of light irradiation or the like.
- the optical properties of the polarizer can be controlled stably. Further, the process management can be simplified.
- Polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof is used as the material of the polybutyl alcohol-based film applied to the production method of the present invention.
- Derivatives of polybutyl alcohol include polybutylformal, polybutylacetal, etc., and other olefins such as ethylene and propylene, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, alkyl esters thereof, acrylamide and the like. Denatured ones can be mentioned.
- Polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of about 1000-10000 and a saponification degree of about 80-100 mol% is generally used.
- the polybutyl alcohol-based film may also contain an additive such as a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer include polyols and condensates thereof, and examples thereof include glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
- the amount of plasticizer is not particularly limited it is preferable to the Poribierua alcohol-based film in 20 weight 0/0 or less. Usually, a film having a thickness of about 30 to 150 / im is used.
- the method for producing an iodine-stained polyvinyl alcohol-based film of the present invention will be described.
- the step (1) of preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing iodide ions in the production method will be described.
- the preparation step (1) includes, for example, a method (a) of immersing the formed polybutyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal iodide. Also A method (b) of forming a film containing a solution in which an alkali metal iodide is contained in an aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is exemplified. Thus, iodide ions are contained in the film by the alkali metal iodide. Among these methods, the method (a) is preferable because the conventional method for producing a polarizer can be used as it is. In addition, as a method of forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, a casting method, an extrusion method and the like can be mentioned.
- alkali metal iodide examples include lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide and the like. Of these, potassium iodide is preferred.
- the content of iodide ions is appropriately determined according to the intended optical characteristics and the degree of the oxidation step (2). Although there is no particular limitation, it is preferable that the content be about 0.0530 parts by weight, more preferably 0.120 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the raw material polybutyl alcohol-based resin.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing iodide ions is used.
- the ratio S of the alkali metal iodide can be appropriately adjusted so that the ratio of the iodide ion to the resin falls within the above range.
- a photo-oxidation catalyst can be contained together with the iodide ions.
- a photo-oxidation catalyst for example, ⁇
- the fine particles of the photo-oxidation catalyst preferably have a small particle diameter, since they scatter visible light when the particle diameter is large.
- the particle size is less than 500 nm, preferably less than 100 nm. Usually, it is 5 nm or more.
- These photooxidation catalysts generate an oxidizing action when irradiated with light such as visible light or ultraviolet light. .
- light such as visible light or ultraviolet light.
- the oxidation reaction of iodide ions to iodine can be promoted when irradiation with visible light or ultraviolet light is performed in the oxidation step (2).
- the reaction of the oxidation step (2) can proceed relatively quickly even with visible light depending on conditions.
- the content of the photooxidation catalyst is usually 30 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 0.110 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polybutyl alcohol-based resin.
- a method for incorporating the photo-oxidation catalyst into the polyvinyl alcohol-based film for example, a method in which fine particles of the photo-oxidation catalyst are dispersed in an aqueous solution containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in advance, and then the film is formed.
- a step (2) of irradiating the polybutyl alcohol-based film containing the iodide ions with ultraviolet light or visible light to oxidize the iodide ions and generate iodine is performed.
- iodide ions in the film are oxidized to generate iodine.
- Either ultraviolet light or visible light can be used for the oxidation method, but ultraviolet light is preferable because of easy oxidation.
- the wavelength of the ultraviolet light to be irradiated may be any of far ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm or less and near ultraviolet light exceeding 200 nm. It is known that when far-ultraviolet light of 200 nm or less is used, oxygen in the air is oxidized to generate ozone, and this ozone easily oxidizes iodide ions to iodine. It is more convenient than.
- a known irradiation apparatus such as a low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal nitride lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like can be used.
- the degree of oxidation is appropriately adjusted depending on the amount of iodine generated from iodide ions. Normally, the illuminance is preferably about 10 lOOOOmjZcm 2 , and more preferably 50 to 5000 mj / cm 2. Les ,.
- the generation of iodine by oxidation of iodide ions may be part or all of iodide ions. It is desirable to partially oxidize iodide ions.
- the iodine species (including iodine complexes that absorb visible light) in the polarizer are
- a polybutyl alcohol-based film containing iodide is preferably formed to have a water content of about 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably about 0.5 to 30% by weight. preferable.
- the method for producing a polarizer of the present invention includes at least a stretching step (3) of the polybutyl alcohol-based film in addition to the film preparation step (1) and the oxidation step (2).
- the stretching step (3) may be performed at any stage before or after the oxidation step (2), or may be performed together with the oxidation step (2). In general, it is preferable to perform the stretching step (3) after the oxidation step (2) because the iodine complex is well oriented to obtain high polarization performance as a result. In this case, an iodine complex (which has visible dichroism) is formed in the film by stretching the polybutyl alcohol-based film in which iodine is generated, and a polarizer is obtained.
- the stretching ratio is appropriately determined according to the required performance of the polarizer, and the film is usually stretched in the MD direction (film running direction) by about 1 to 20 times, and further, about 2 to 10 times.
- the stretching is performed by Stretching can also be performed in multiple stages.
- an unstretched film having a thickness of about 30 to 150 / im is used.
- the thickness of the stretched film is preferably about 5 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the stretching means either wet stretching or dry stretching can be adopted, but dry stretching requires stretching at a higher temperature than wet stretching, and in that case, the sublimation of iodine is highly likely to occur. Therefore, wet stretching is desirable.
- the dry stretching method is, for example, a method described in Japanese Patent No. 1524033, Japanese Patent No. 2731813 or the like, or a film is stretched while applying a tensile force between rolls installed inside or outside a drying oven.
- Any of the following methods can be employed: a stretching method using a heating roll, a stretching method using a tenter stretching machine, or the like.
- the stretching means the unstretched film is usually in a heated state.
- a stretching drive roll is immersed in a stretching bath, and a tenter stretching method, an inter-roll stretching method, or the like is applied thereto.
- the unstretched film is preferably stretched linearly between stretching drive rolls.
- a guide roll or the like can be used on the way.
- a method for producing a polarizer of the present invention in addition to the above-described steps, a method for producing a polarizer is conventionally employed mainly for adjusting the degree of polarization and hue of the polarizer. Steps similar to the steps can be added at the same step as the conventional.
- the swelling step is performed by immersing the unstretched polyvinyl alcohol-based finolem in pure water or the like.
- the temperature of pure water or the like is usually about 15 to 45 ° C, preferably 25 to 35 ° C.
- the immersion time is generally in the range of about 50-180 seconds, preferably in the range of 80-150 seconds.
- a heat treatment step is exemplified.
- the crystallinity of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin increases, so that the stress applied to the film during stretching increases, and the orientation of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin increases.
- the polarization performance is improved.
- it is carried out at about 80 to 180 ° C, preferably about 100 to 160 ° C, usually for about 50 to 2000 seconds, preferably for about 100 to 1000 seconds.
- a cross-linking step in which a polyvinyl alcohol-based film is immersed in a cross-linking bath containing a boron compound such as boric acid, borax or the like can be mentioned.
- a boron compound such as boric acid, borax or the like
- the boron compound is usually used in the form of an aqueous solution or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent.
- the concentration of boric acid in a boric acid aqueous solution or the like is about 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight.
- the aqueous solution of boric acid or the like can contain potassium iodide. It is preferable to use a potassium concentration of about 0.01 to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.02 to 8% by weight.
- a boric acid aqueous solution containing potassium iodide or the like can provide a polarizer with less coloring, that is, a so-called neutral gray polarizer having a substantially constant absorbance over almost the entire wavelength range of visible light.
- the treatment temperature of the boric acid aqueous solution or the like is usually 30 ° C. or higher, preferably 50 to 85 ° C.
- the processing time is usually about 10 800 seconds, preferably about 30-500 seconds.
- the crosslinking step can be performed by a coating method, a spraying method, or the like.
- a stretching bath can be used as an aqueous solution of boric acid or the like, and a crosslinking treatment can be performed together with the stretching.
- a polybutyl alcohol-based film contains various additives.
- the additive includes an alkali metal iodide such as potassium iodide.
- an iodine ion impregnation treatment is performed.
- the concentration of potassium iodide is preferably about 0.5-10% by weight, more preferably 118% by weight.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is usually about 1560 ° C, preferably 2540 ° C.
- the immersion time is usually about 11 to 120 seconds, preferably in the range of 3 to 90 seconds.
- the additives include inorganic metal salts.
- Rinsing treatment with pure water or the like can also be performed. It is desirable that the film treated as described above be dried at an appropriate temperature. Drying is performed according to a conventional method.
- the obtained polarizer can be made into a polarizing plate having a transparent protective film provided on at least one surface thereof according to a conventional method.
- the transparent protective film can be provided as a coating layer of a polymer, or as a laminate layer of a film.
- the transparent polymer or film material for forming the transparent protective film an appropriate transparent material is used, and a material having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, heat stability, moisture barrier properties, and the like is preferably used.
- the material for forming the transparent protective film include polyester polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, cellulosic polymers such as cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate, and acrylic polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate.
- Examples include styrene-based polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin), and polycarbonate-based polymers.
- Polyamides such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefins having a cyclo- or norbornene structure, polyolefins such as ethylene-propylene copolymers, biel chloride polymers, amide polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamides, imide polymers, sulfones Polymer, polyether sulfone polymer, polyether ether ketone polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, bul alcohol polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, butyl butyral polymer, arylate polymer, polyoxymethylene polymer , An epoxy-based polymer, or a blend of the above-mentioned polymers is also an example of the polymer forming the transparent protective film.
- the transparent protective film can be formed as a cured layer of a thermosetting or ultraviolet curable resin such as an acrylic, urethane, acrylic urethane, epoxy, or silicone resin.
- a thermosetting or ultraviolet curable resin such as an acrylic, urethane, acrylic urethane, epoxy, or silicone resin.
- Specific examples include a film of a resin composition containing an alternating copolymer of isobutylene and N-methylmaleimide and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
- a film made of a mixed extruded product of a resin composition or the like can be used. These films have a small retardation and a small photoelastic coefficient, so that problems such as unevenness due to distortion of the polarizing plate can be eliminated, and the film has excellent moisture permeability and excellent humidification durability.
- the thickness of the protective film can be determined as appropriate, it is generally about 500 to 500 m due to workability such as strength and handleability, and thin layer life. In particular, it is preferably 1 to 300 x m, more preferably 5 to 200 z m.
- a protective film having a retardation value of S-90 nm- + 75 nm is preferably used.
- the thickness direction retardation value (Rth) is more preferably _80 nm-+60 nm, and particularly preferably _70 nm-+45 nm.
- a cellulosic polymer such as triacetyl cellulose is preferred from the viewpoints of polarization characteristics and durability. Particularly, a triacetyl cellulose film is preferable.
- a protective film such as triacetyl cellulose has a large retardation value Rth in the thickness direction, a force that causes a problem of coloring, and contains an alternating copolymer of isobutylene and N-methylmaleimide and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
- the resin composition or the like one having a thickness direction retardation value Rth of 30 nm or less can be used, and coloring can be almost eliminated.
- a protective film is provided on both sides of the polarizer, it is possible to use a protective film made of the same polymer material on both sides. May be used.
- the surface of the transparent protective film on which the polarizer is not adhered may be subjected to a hard coat layer, an antireflection treatment, a treatment for preventing sticking, and a treatment for diffusion or antiglare.
- the hard coat treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing scratches on the surface of the polarizing plate, and is, for example, a cured film made of an appropriate ultraviolet-curable resin such as an acrylic or silicone resin having excellent hardness and sliding properties. Can be formed on the surface of the transparent protective film.
- the anti-reflection treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing reflection of external light on the polarizing plate surface, and can be achieved by forming an anti-reflection film or the like according to the related art.
- the anti-sticking treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing adhesion to the adjacent layer.
- the anti-glare treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing external light from being reflected on the surface of the polarizing plate and hindering the visibility of the light transmitted through the polarizing plate.
- the transparent protective film can be formed by imparting a fine uneven structure to the surface of the transparent protective film by an appropriate method such as a surface roughening method or a method of blending transparent fine particles.
- the fine particles to be included in the formation of the surface fine unevenness include a conductive material such as silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, tin oxide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, and antimony oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 50 / im.
- Transparent fine particles such as inorganic fine particles which may have a property and organic fine particles formed of a crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymer or the like are used.
- the amount of fine particles used is generally about 2 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 25 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the transparent resin forming the fine surface unevenness structure. Les ,.
- the anti-glare layer may also serve as a diffusion layer (viewing angle expanding function, etc.) for expanding the viewing angle by diffusing the light transmitted through the polarizing plate.
- the anti-reflection layer, anti-staking layer, diffusion layer, anti-glare layer and the like can be provided on the transparent protective film itself, or as an optical layer separately from the transparent protective finolem. It can also be provided.
- An adhesive is used for the bonding treatment between the polarizer and the transparent protective film.
- the adhesive include an isocyanate-based adhesive, a polybutyl alcohol-based adhesive, a gelatin-based adhesive, a bull-based latex-based adhesive, and a water-based polyester.
- the adhesive is usually water
- An adhesive made of a solution is used.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is manufactured by laminating the transparent protective film and the polarizer using the adhesive.
- the application of the adhesive may be performed on either the transparent protective film or the polarizer, or may be performed on both.
- a drying process is performed to form an adhesive layer consisting of a coating and drying layer.
- the bonding of the polarizer and the transparent protective film can be performed using a roll laminator or the like.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention can be used as an optical film laminated with another optical layer in practical use.
- the optical layer is not particularly limited.
- a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wavelength plate such as 1/2 or 1/4), a viewing angle compensation film, and the like are formed.
- a retardation plate including a wavelength plate such as 1/2 or 1/4
- a viewing angle compensation film and the like are formed.
- One or two or more optical layers that may be used in the above method can be used.
- a reflective polarizing plate or a transflective polarizing plate in which a reflecting plate or a transflective reflecting plate is further laminated on the polarizing plate of the present invention an elliptically polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate in which a retardation plate is further laminated on a polarizing plate.
- a wide viewing angle polarizing plate in which a viewing angle compensation film is further laminated on a plate or a polarizing plate, or a polarizing plate in which a brightness enhancement film is further laminated on a polarizing plate is preferable.
- the reflective polarizing plate is provided with a reflective layer on the polarizing plate, and is used to form a liquid crystal display device or the like that reflects and reflects incident light from the viewing side (display side).
- a built-in light source such as a backlight can be omitted, and the liquid crystal display device can be easily made thin.
- the reflective polarizing plate can be formed by an appropriate method such as a method in which a reflective layer made of metal or the like is provided on one side of the polarizing plate via a transparent protective film or the like as necessary.
- a specific example of the reflective polarizing plate is a transparent protective film that has been subjected to mat treatment as required and has a reflective layer formed by attaching a foil made of a reflective metal such as aluminum to a vapor deposition film on one surface. And so on. Further, there may be mentioned, for example, a transparent protective film in which fine particles are contained to form a fine surface unevenness structure and a reflective layer having a fine unevenness structure formed thereon.
- the reflective layer having the fine uneven structure described above has an advantage of diffusing incident light by irregular reflection to prevent a glaring appearance and suppress uneven brightness.
- the transparent protective film containing fine particles diffuses the incident light and its reflected light when passing through it, and It also has an advantage that unevenness can be further suppressed.
- the reflective layer having a fine irregular structure reflecting the fine irregular structure on the surface of the transparent protective film is formed by, for example, depositing a metal by an appropriate method such as a vapor deposition method such as a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, or a sputtering method or a plating method. It can be carried out by a method of directly attaching to the surface of the transparent protective film.
- the reflective plate can be used as a reflective sheet in which a reflective layer is provided on an appropriate film according to the transparent film. Since the reflective layer is usually made of metal, its use in the state where the reflective surface is covered with a transparent protective finolem ⁇ a polarizing plate, etc., is to prevent the decrease in reflectance due to oxidation, It is more preferable in terms of long-term maintenance and avoiding the separate addition of a protective layer.
- the transflective polarizing plate can be obtained by forming a transflective reflective layer such as a half mirror that reflects and transmits light on the reflective layer.
- a transflective polarizing plate is usually provided on the back side of a liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal display device or the like When a liquid crystal display device or the like is used in a relatively bright atmosphere, an image is displayed by reflecting incident light from the viewing side (display side). However, in a relatively dark atmosphere, it is possible to form a liquid crystal display device or the like that displays an image using a built-in light source such as a backlight built in the back side of a transflective polarizing plate.
- the transflective polarizing plate can save energy for using a light source such as a backlight in a bright atmosphere, and can be used to form a liquid crystal display device that can be used with a built-in light source even in a relatively dark atmosphere. Useful.
- An elliptically polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate in which a retardation plate is further laminated on a polarizing plate will be described.
- a retardation plate or the like is used.
- a so-called quarter-wave plate also referred to as a ⁇ / 4 plate
- a 1Z2 wavelength plate also called a ⁇ / 2 plate
- the elliptically polarizing plate compensates (prevents) the coloring (blue or yellow) caused by the birefringence of the liquid crystal layer of the super twisted nematic (STN) type liquid crystal display device, and performs the colorless or monochrome display. It is used effectively in such cases.
- the three-dimensional refractive index controlled liquid crystal display device Coloring that occurs when the screen is viewed from an oblique direction can also be compensated (prevented), which is preferable.
- the circularly polarizing plate is effectively used, for example, when adjusting the color tone of an image of a reflection type liquid crystal display device that displays an image in color, and also has an antireflection function.
- a film made of an appropriate polymer such as polycarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymethinolemethacrylate, polypropylene or other polyolefin, polyarylate, or polyamide is stretched.
- the retardation plate may have an appropriate retardation in accordance with the intended use, such as, for example, various wavelength plates or ones for the purpose of compensating for coloration and viewing angle due to birefringence of the liquid crystal layer.
- the optical characteristics such as retardation may be controlled by stacking the above retardation plates.
- the elliptically polarizing plate and the reflection type elliptically polarizing plate are obtained by laminating a polarizing plate or a reflection type polarizing plate and a retardation plate in an appropriate combination.
- a strong elliptically polarizing plate or the like can also be formed by sequentially and separately laminating a (reflection type) polarizing plate and a retardation plate in the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device so as to form a combination.
- An optical film such as an elliptically polarizing plate as described above is advantageous in that it has excellent quality stability and laminating workability, and can improve the production efficiency of a liquid crystal display device and the like.
- the viewing angle compensation film is a film for widening the viewing angle so that the image can be seen relatively clearly even when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is viewed from a slightly oblique direction, not perpendicular to the screen.
- a viewing angle compensating retardation plate includes, for example, a retardation film, an alignment film such as a liquid crystal polymer, and a transparent substrate on which an alignment layer such as a liquid crystal polymer is supported.
- a common retardation plate is a birefringent polymer film uniaxially stretched in the plane direction, whereas a retardation plate used as a viewing angle compensation film is biaxially stretched in the plane direction.
- Birefringent polymer film biaxially stretched uniaxially stretched polymer film or bidirectionally stretched film such as a birefringent polymer with a controlled refractive index in the thickness direction and a tilted oriented film
- the inclined alignment film include a film obtained by bonding a heat shrink film to a polymer film and subjecting the polymer film to a stretching treatment or a Z-shrinking treatment under the action of its shrinking force by heating, or a liquid crystal.
- examples thereof include polymers in which polymers are obliquely oriented.
- the raw material polymer for the retardation plate the same polymer as that described for the retardation plate is used to prevent coloring etc. due to a change in the viewing angle based on the phase difference due to the liquid crystal cell and to enlarge the viewing angle for good visibility. Use appropriate ones for such purposes.
- the optically anisotropic layer composed of the liquid crystal polymer alignment layer, particularly the tilted alignment layer of the discotic liquid crystal polymer, is supported by the triacetyl cellulose film because of achieving a wide viewing angle with good visibility.
- the optically-compensated phase difference plate is preferably used.
- a polarizing plate obtained by laminating a polarizing plate and a brightness enhancement film is usually used by being provided on the back side of a liquid crystal cell.
- Brightness-enhancing films exhibit the property of reflecting linearly polarized light with a predetermined polarization axis or circularly polarized light in a predetermined direction when natural light enters due to reflection from the backlight or the back side of a liquid crystal display device, etc., and transmitting other light.
- the polarizing plate in which the brightness enhancement film is laminated with the polarizing plate receives light from a light source such as a backlight to obtain transmitted light of a predetermined polarization state and reflects light other than the predetermined polarization state without transmitting the light. Is done.
- the light reflected on the surface of the brightness enhancement film is further inverted through a reflection layer or the like provided on the rear side thereof and re-entered on the brightness enhancement film, and a part or all of the light is transmitted as light of a predetermined polarization state.
- the brightness can be improved. is there.
- the brightness enhancement film reflects light having a polarization direction that can be absorbed by the polarizer without being incident on the polarizer, but once reflects the light through the brightness enhancement film, and further inverts the light through a reflective layer provided behind it. The light is then re-incident on the brightness enhancement film, and only the polarized light whose polarization direction is reflected and inverted between the two so that it can pass through the polarizer is used as the brightness enhancement film. Light is transmitted to the polarizer and supplied to the polarizer, so light from a backlight or the like is efficiently used for displaying images on a liquid crystal display. Can make the screen brighter.
- a diffusion plate may be provided between the brightness enhancement film and the above-mentioned reflection layer or the like.
- the light in the polarization state reflected by the brightness enhancement film goes to the reflection layer and the like, but the diffuser provided uniformly diffuses the passing light and at the same time eliminates the polarization state and becomes a non-polarized state. That is, the diffuser returns the polarized light to the original natural light state.
- the light in the non-polarized state that is, the light in the natural light state is repeatedly directed to the reflection layer and the like, reflected through the reflection layer and the like, again passed through the diffusion plate and re-incident on the brightness enhancement film.
- the brightness of the display screen is maintained while the brightness unevenness of the display screen is reduced. It can provide a uniform and bright screen. It is probable that by providing a powerful diffuser, the number of repetitions of the first incident light was increased moderately, and it was possible to provide a uniform bright display screen in combination with the diffuser function of the diffuser. .
- the above-mentioned brightness improving film for example, such as a multilayer thin film of a dielectric or a multilayer laminate of thin films having different refractive index anisotropies, linear light having a predetermined polarization axis is transmitted and other light is transmitted.
- Reflective properties (3M, D-BEF, etc.), cholesteric liquid crystal polymer oriented film and its oriented liquid crystal layer supported on a film substrate (Nitto Denko, PCF350 and Merck) , Transmax, etc.), an appropriate material such as one exhibiting the characteristic of reflecting either left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light and transmitting the other light can be used.
- the transmitted light is directly incident on the polarizing plate with the polarization axis aligned, thereby suppressing absorption loss due to the polarizing plate. While allowing the light to pass through efficiently.
- a brightness enhancement film that transmits circularly polarized light such as a cholesteric liquid crystal layer
- the circularly polarized light is linearly polarized via a phase difference plate because of the force S that can directly enter the polarizer and the suppression of absorption loss. It is preferable that the light is converted into light and incident on the polarizing plate.
- a 1Z4 wavelength plate as the retardation plate, circularly polarized light can be converted to linearly polarized light.
- a retardation plate that functions as a 1Z4 wavelength plate in a wide wavelength range such as the visible light region has, for example, a retardation layer that functions as a 1Z4 wavelength plate for monochromatic light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and other retardation characteristics.
- a method of superimposing a retardation layer shown, for example, a retardation layer functioning as a half-wave plate And so on. Therefore, the retardation plate disposed between the polarizing plate and the brightness enhancement film may be composed of one or more retardation layers.
- the cholesteric liquid crystal layer also reflects circularly polarized light in a wide wavelength range, such as a visible light region, by combining two or more layers having different reflection wavelengths and having an arrangement structure in which two or more layers are overlapped. And a circularly polarized light having a wide wavelength range can be obtained.
- an anisotropic reflective polarizer used as a brightness enhancement film there is a reflective grid polarizer.
- a reflective grid polarizer a metal grid reflective polarizer (see US Pat. No. 6,288,840) that applies fine processing to metal and emits reflected polarized light even in the visible light region, and metal fine particles are placed in a polymer matrix.
- An example of the brightness enhancement film is an anisotropic scattering polarizer.
- the anisotropic scattering polarizer include 3M DRP (see US Pat. No. 5,825,543).
- the brightness enhancement film include a polarizing element which can change the polarization in one pass. For example, there is one using smectic C * (see JP-A-2001-201635).
- An anisotropic diffraction grating can be used as the brightness enhancement film.
- the polarizing plate may be formed by laminating a polarizing plate such as the above-mentioned polarized light separating type polarizing plate and two or three or more optical layers. Therefore, a reflective elliptically polarizing plate or a transflective elliptically polarizing plate obtained by combining the above-mentioned reflective polarizing plate, transflective polarizing plate and retardation plate may be used.
- An optical film in which the optical layer is laminated on a polarizing plate can also be formed by a method of sequentially laminating the optical film in a manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device or the like. Is advantageous in that it has excellent quality stability and assembling work, and can improve the manufacturing process of liquid crystal display devices and the like.
- an appropriate bonding means such as an adhesive layer can be used.
- the optical axis thereof can be set at an appropriate arrangement angle according to the target retardation characteristic or the like.
- the above-mentioned polarizing plate or the optical film in which at least one layer of the polarizing plate is laminated may be provided with an adhesive layer for bonding to another member such as a liquid crystal cell. Viscosity to form an adhesive layer
- the adhesive is not particularly limited, for example, an acrylic polymer, a silicone polymer, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyether, and a polymer such as a fluorine-based or rubber-based polymer may be appropriately selected and used.
- those having excellent optical transparency, such as an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, exhibiting appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesive pressure-sensitive adhesive properties, and having excellent weather resistance and heat resistance are preferably used.
- a liquid crystal display that prevents foaming and peeling phenomena due to moisture absorption, prevents deterioration of optical characteristics due to a difference in thermal expansion and the like, and prevents warpage of a liquid crystal cell, and has a high quality and excellent durability.
- an adhesive layer having a low moisture absorption rate and excellent heat resistance is preferred.
- the adhesive layer is made of, for example, a natural or synthetic resin, in particular, a tackifier resin, a filler, a pigment, a colorant, or the like made of glass fiber, glass beads, metal powder, other inorganic powder, or the like.
- An additive such as an antioxidant that is added to the adhesive layer may be contained.
- An adhesive layer containing fine particles and exhibiting light diffusing properties may be used.
- the attachment of the adhesive layer to one or both sides of the polarizing plate or the optical film may be performed by an appropriate method.
- an adhesive solution of about 10 to 40% by weight is prepared by dissolving or dispersing the base polymer or its composition in a solvent consisting of an appropriate solvent alone or a mixture such as toluene or ethyl acetate. It is attached directly to the polarizing plate or optical film by an appropriate spreading method such as a casting method or a coating method, or an adhesive layer is formed on a separator according to the method described above, and the adhesive layer is formed on the polarizing plate or optically. There is a method of transferring onto a film.
- the adhesive layer may be provided on one or both sides of a polarizing plate or an optical film as a superimposed layer of different compositions or types. When provided on both surfaces, an adhesive layer having a different composition, type, thickness, etc. may be formed on the front and back of the polarizing plate or the optical film.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer may be suitably determined in accordance with the use purpose and the adhesive strength generally a 1- 500 ⁇ m, 5- 200 xm mosquitoes Preferably, in particular 10 Loo xm force S preferably les, 0
- the exposed surface of the adhesive layer is temporarily covered with a separator for the purpose of preventing contamination and the like until it is put to practical use. This can prevent the adhesive layer from coming into contact with the adhesive layer in a normal handling state.
- a separator include plastic films, rubber sheets, paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric, nets, foam sheets, metal foils, and laminates thereof.
- a suitable thin leaf such as a body is coated with an appropriate release agent such as a silicone-based, long-chain alkyl-based, or fluorine-based molybdenum sulfide as needed. sell.
- a salicylate-based compound, a benzophenol-based compound, and a benzotriazole-based compound are provided on the polarizer, the transparent protective film, the optical film, and the like forming the above-mentioned polarizing plate, and on each layer such as the adhesive layer.
- ⁇ UV-absorbing ability may be provided by a method such as treatment with an ultraviolet absorber such as a cyanoacrylate compound or a nickel complex compound.
- the polarizing plate or the optical film of the present invention can be preferably used for forming various devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the formation of the liquid crystal display device can be performed according to a conventional method. That is, a liquid crystal display device is generally formed by appropriately assembling components such as a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate or an optical film, and an illumination system as needed, and incorporating a drive circuit. Can be in accordance with the conventional one without any particular limitation except that the polarizing plate or the optical film according to the present invention is used.
- the liquid crystal cell any type such as TN type, STN type, and ⁇ type can be used.
- Appropriate liquid crystal display devices such as a liquid crystal display device in which a polarizing plate or an optical film is arranged on one or both sides of a liquid crystal cell, and a lighting system using a backlight or a reflector can be formed.
- the polarizing plate or the optical film according to the present invention can be installed on one side or both sides of the liquid crystal cell.
- polarizing plates or optical films are provided on both sides, they may be the same or different.
- appropriate components such as a diffusion plate, an antiglare layer, an antireflection film, a protection plate, a prism array, a lens array sheet, a light diffusion plate, and a backlight are placed at appropriate positions. Layers or two or more layers can be arranged.
- an organic electroluminescence device (organic EL display device)
- a luminescent material organic electroluminescent luminescent material
- the organic light emitting layer is a laminate of various organic thin films, for example, a laminate of a hole injection layer made of a triphenylamine derivative or the like and a light emitting layer made of a fluorescent organic solid such as anthracene.
- various combinations such as a laminate of such a light emitting layer and an electron injection layer composed of a perylene derivative, or a laminate of a hole injection layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron injection layer.
- Known configurations are known.
- an organic EL display device holes and electrons are injected into an organic light emitting layer by applying a voltage to a transparent electrode and a metal electrode, and energy generated by recombination of these holes and electrons is generated. Emits light on the principle that it excites a fluorescent substance and emits light when the excited fluorescent substance returns to the ground state.
- the mechanism of recombination in the middle is the same as that of a general diode, and as can be expected from this, the current and the emission intensity show a strong rectification and nonlinearity with respect to the applied voltage.
- At least one electrode must be transparent in order to extract light emitted from the organic light emitting layer, and is usually formed of a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (IT ⁇ ).
- IT ⁇ indium tin oxide
- the used transparent electrode is used as an anode.
- metal electrodes such as Mg-Ag and A1-Li are usually used.
- the organic light emitting layer is formed of a film as thin as about 10 nm. Therefore, the organic light emitting layer transmits light almost completely, similarly to the transparent electrode. As a result, light that was incident from the surface of the transparent substrate during non-light emission, transmitted through the transparent electrode and the organic light-emitting layer, and reflected by the metal electrode returned to the surface of the transparent substrate again and was visually recognized from the outside. Sometimes, the display surface of the organic EL display device looks like a mirror surface.
- an organic EL display device including an organic electroluminescent luminous element having a transparent electrode on the front side of an organic luminescent layer that emits light by applying a voltage and a metal electrode on the back side of the organic luminescent layer,
- a polarizing plate can be provided on the surface side of the electrode, and a retardation plate can be provided between the transparent electrode and the polarizing plate.
- the retardation plate and the polarizing plate have a function of polarizing light incident from the outside and reflected by the metal electrode, an effect of preventing the mirror surface of the metal electrode from being visually recognized from the outside due to the polarizing action. is there.
- the phase difference plate is composed of a 1/4 wavelength plate and the angle between the polarization directions of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate is adjusted to ⁇ / 4, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded. S can. That is, only linearly polarized light components of the external light incident on the organic EL display device are transmitted by the polarizing plate.
- This linearly polarized light is generally converted into elliptically polarized light by a phase difference plate, but becomes circularly polarized light, especially when the phase difference plate is a quarter-wave plate and the angle between the polarization directions of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate is ⁇ / 4. .
- the circularly polarized light passes through the transparent substrate, the transparent electrode, and the organic thin film, is reflected by the metal electrode, passes through the organic thin film, the transparent electrode, and the transparent substrate again, and is again converted into linearly polarized light by the retardation plate.
- the linearly polarized light is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate, it cannot pass through the polarizing plate. As a result, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded.
- polyvinyl alcohol manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., degree of saponification: 98.5%, average degree of polymerization: 2400
- a film having a thickness of 75 ⁇ was produced by a casting method.
- This film was immersed in an aqueous solution having a potassium iodide concentration of 15% by weight at 30 ° C. for 2 minutes, so that potassium iodide was contained in the polybutyl alcohol film.
- iodide ion force 5 weight 0/0.
- the film was irradiated with ultraviolet light (irradiation amount: lOOOOmjZcm 2 ) for 180 seconds with a low-pressure mercury lamp (device name: Ozone generator, manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) while the film was in a wet state. It changed color.
- the obtained film was immersed in an aqueous solution bath having a boric acid concentration of 4% by weight at 50 ° C. Then, uniaxial stretching was performed 5 times in the same bath. Then, it was immersed in an aqueous solution bath of potassium iodide concentration of 5% by weight at 30 ° C. for 10 seconds, wiped off moisture, and dried at 50 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a polarizer having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- Polybutyl alcohol manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., saponification degree 98.5%, average polymerization degree 2400
- water-soluble TiO average particle diameter 20 nm
- glycerin glycerin
- aqueous solution adjusted so that the content of bull alcohol was 15% by weight was prepared.
- This aqueous solution was formed into a film by a casting method to prepare a 75-zm-thick film.
- annealing treatment was performed at 130 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- This film was immersed in an aqueous solution having a potassium iodide concentration of 15% by weight at 30 ° C. for 2 minutes, so that potassium iodide was contained in the polybutyl alcohol film.
- the film contained 3% by weight of iodide ion force.
- the film was uniaxially stretched 5 times in the bath. Then, it was immersed in an aqueous solution bath of potassium iodide concentration of 5% by weight at 30 ° C. for 10 seconds, wiped off moisture, and dried at 50 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a polarizer having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- the oxidation step (2) was performed by immersing the film in a 10% by weight aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide at 25 ° C for 60 seconds, the oxidation step (2) was performed. Was performed to obtain a polarizer.
- the optical characteristics of the polarizer were measured using a spectrophotometer equipped with a Glan-Thompson polarizing prism (Hitachi, Ltd.) Using a U4100 manufactured by Seisakusho, the transmittance: k when the perfectly polarized light obtained by the Glan-Thompson polarizing prism is incident in the transmission axis direction (perpendicular to the stretching axis) of the sample polarizer Transmittance at the time of incidence in the axis (direction of stretching axis): k was measured for each
- Table 1 shows the measured values of k and k at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the iodine-stained polybutyl alcohol-based film of the present invention can be suitably used for a method for producing a polarizer.
- the obtained polarizer is used for a polarizing plate and an optical film, and these are suitably used for an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, and a PDP.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003201270 | 2003-07-24 | ||
| JP2003-201270 | 2003-07-24 |
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| WO2005010576A1 true WO2005010576A1 (ja) | 2005-02-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2004/009655 Ceased WO2005010576A1 (ja) | 2003-07-24 | 2004-07-07 | ヨウ素染色されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの製造方法、偏光子の製造方法、偏光子、偏光板、光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 |
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| WO (1) | WO2005010576A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110462467A (zh) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-11-15 | 日东电工株式会社 | 起偏镜的制造方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5849902A (ja) * | 1981-09-19 | 1983-03-24 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | 部分偏光フイルムの製法 |
| JPH0273309A (ja) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-13 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 偏光フイルムの染色方法 |
| JPH07104126A (ja) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 偏光フィルムの製造方法 |
| JP2000180430A (ja) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | 水中の水酸化ラジカルの測定方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-07-07 WO PCT/JP2004/009655 patent/WO2005010576A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5849902A (ja) * | 1981-09-19 | 1983-03-24 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | 部分偏光フイルムの製法 |
| JPH0273309A (ja) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-13 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 偏光フイルムの染色方法 |
| JPH07104126A (ja) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-21 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 偏光フィルムの製造方法 |
| JP2000180430A (ja) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | 水中の水酸化ラジカルの測定方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN, no. 3, 15 March 1980 (1980-03-15), pages 152, XP002985377 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110462467A (zh) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-11-15 | 日东电工株式会社 | 起偏镜的制造方法 |
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