WO2004113621A1

WO2004113621A1 - Method of constructing underwater tunnel

Info

Publication number: WO2004113621A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/010046
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mitsuo Masuda; Hisashi Miura; Masaki Takaku; Masaaki Toyama
Original assignee: Taisei Corporation
Priority date: 2003-06-20
Filing date: 2003-08-07
Publication date: 2004-12-29
Also published as: AU2003254845A1; TW200506146A; TWI337215B; JP3554933B1; JP2005009235A

Abstract

A method of constructing an underwater tunnel allowing the tunnel to be efficiently constructed by using through- caissons having both end parts opened in extension direction, comprising the steps of arranging the plurality of through- caissons (1) having both end parts opened in extension direction at a water bottom while joining to the adjacent through-caissons (1), cutting out both end parts of a caisson group (10) having the plurality of through-caissons joined to each other from external water (22), and draining internal water (21) accumulated in the caisson group to bring the inside of the caisson group into an air-filled state.

Description

How to build an underwater tunnel

Technical field to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to the construction of an underwater tunnel constructed by laying a precast box on the bottom of the water.

It is about the method. Conventional technology

Conventionally, a submerged tunnel construction method has been implemented in which a box constructed in a production yard is towed to the destination and sunk to construct a submarine tunnel. Usually, the submerged box has a length of about 100 m to 140 m, so a construction yard like a dock in a shipyard was built near the construction site to produce the box. When such a long rigid body is placed on the bottom of the water, large stresses may be generated on the box due to uneven settlement of the water bottom or fluctuations such as earthquakes. For this reason, a method has been developed in which a divided box (unit) large enough to be lifted by a crane is manufactured, and a plurality of divided planes are connected to construct a large buried box (Patent Document 1). ~ 5).

In Patent Document 2 among these, a plurality of blocks separated by a temporary cut-off such as a steel plate are connected on the water, and a large-sized submerged box body is constructed and then submerged. Patent Literatures 3 to 5 disclose methods of constructing a large buried box by connecting a plurality of divided boxes on a work boat, transporting the work vessel to a destination, and then burying the buried box.

Patent document 1 JP 2000-178990

Patent Document 2 JP-B-48-6227

Patent Document 3 JP-A-6-193391

Patent Document 4 JP-A-111-140893 6

2 Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-2507001 Problems to be Solved by the Invention

The above-mentioned conventional method of constructing an underwater tunnel using a planar body has the following problems.

1> When constructing a new underwater tunnel adjacent to the existing underwater tunnel, if an attempt is made to install a long submerged box at one time, the impact on the existing underwater tunnel is inevitable. In other words, large-scale excavation must be performed in order to submerge a large submerged box, and this large-scale excavation may affect the existing submerged box. In order to deal with such problems, it is necessary to excavate after taking countermeasures to the existing underwater tunnel.

In conventional methods, the submerged sedimentation box is separated by a bulkhead. Since this partition is a temporary structure that is scattered after being laid, it is easier to construct it if it is not provided as much as possible. However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, at least both ends of the submerged box and, depending on the method, a partition wall is provided for each divided face, so that it is necessary to construct and partition the partition walls. Purpose of the invention

The present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional problems as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing an underwater tunnel that can be efficiently constructed by using a penetrating box having both ends opened in the stretching direction. Aim. In particular, the objective is to provide a method of constructing an underwater tunnel that can be constructed efficiently by reducing the number of bulkheads, since individual boxes can be easily laid down.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a submarine tunnel that can minimize the impact on the surrounding environment.

The present invention achieves at least one of these objects. 3 Means to solve the problem

In order to achieve the above object, the method of constructing a submerged tunnel according to the present invention comprises the steps of: arranging a plurality of penetrating boxes having both ends opened in the stretching direction while joining the adjacent penetrating boxes at the water bottom A method of shutting off both ends of a group of boxes in which a plurality of the through-type face bodies are joined from outside water, draining internal water staying inside the group of boxes, and bringing the inside of the group of boxes into an aerial state. It is.

In addition, a penetrating box with both ends opened in the extending direction is joined to the end of the extended submerged tunnel, and a plurality of the penetrating boxes are joined to form a box group. This is a method of shutting off the end of the penetrating box that has become an end from outside water, draining the internal water staying inside the box group, and bringing the inside of the box group into an air state.

Further, a plurality of penetrating face bodies having both ends opened in the extending direction are joined to form a box group, and an end of the submerged tunnel extending to an end of the box group is joined to an end of the box group. This method drains the internal water that stays inside while the section is shut off from the external water, and makes the inside of the box group an aerial state.

Here, in any one of the above-described methods for constructing a submarine tunnel, the submarine tunnel may be extended by repeating the construction of the box group and the drainage of the internal water remaining inside the box group. it can.

Further, the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention includes the steps of: constructing a plurality of underwater structures at intervals in water; A plurality of the penetrating boxes are arranged while being joined to each other, and the underwater structures are connected to each other by an underwater tunnel including at least a part of a box group in which the plurality of penetrating boxes are joined. This is a method of draining internal water staying inside the box group to make the inside of the box group an air state.

Here, in the method for constructing a submerged tunnel according to any one of the above, in the joining of the penetrating boxes, water can be stopped between the penetrating boxes by a water-stopping material provided on an end face of the penetrating box. . Further, after joining the through-type boxes, water can be stopped between the through-type boxes. Further, the method for constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention is the method for constructing an underwater tunnel according to any one of the above, wherein the aerial state is independently provided inside the through-type box or inside the body. A pipe for securing the pipe is also provided, and at the time of joining the through-type box or after the joining, the pipe is also joined in the extending direction, and when the through-type box is in a submerged state, the inside of the pipe is in an air state. This method is characterized by this. Here, gas can be supplied from the surface of the pipe to the internal water retained inside the penetrating box. In addition, the internal water inside the penetrating box is discharged to the outside water side from the opening provided in the penetrating box, and the external water is supplied to the inside water side from another opening provided in the penetrating box. By taking in, it is possible to circulate the internal water.

In addition, the method for constructing a submarine tunnel of the present invention includes: an excavation step of excavating a submarine floor; And a soil covering step of backfilling the penetrating box installed in the above with excavated soil generated in the excavating step. Here, the excavated soil excavated in the excavation step can be transported to a sediment carrier on water, and backfill soil for backfilling the penetrating box installed on the water bottom can be supplied from the sediment carrier. The backfill soil supplied from the sediment transport ship can also be manufactured by adding a solidified material to excavated soil as a raw material on the sediment transport ship.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 1 of a method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 2 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a penetrating box and a box with one wall.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 3 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment in which the internal water is drained at one time in the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which the underwater tunnel is extended by repeating the connecting step of the through-type facepieces and the drainage step of each unit in the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 4 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 5 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment in which a part of the underwater tunnel connecting the shafts in the fifth embodiment is constructed with a penetrating facepiece. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the primary water-stopping material.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the secondary water blocking material.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 6 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the gas supply path in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 7 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 8 of the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment using a sediment transport ship in the eighth embodiment. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment using a sediment improvement ship in the eighth embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a connecting member.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the tendon.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment in which a pile foundation is arranged. Explanation of reference numerals

1-Penetrating box 1 0

1 2 Opening 2 1 Inner water 2 2 Outer water

3 Underwater tunnel 5Underwater structure Da Primary waterproofing material 6b Secondary waterproofing material 6c Secondary waterproofing material 7

8 · Backfill soil

Embodiment of the Invention

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<1> Through box

The penetrating box 1 is a structure that constitutes the underwater tunnel 3. .The underwater tunnel 3 is constructed by joining a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 at the bottom. The box length of the penetration type box 1 is, for example, about 20 to 3 Om. The penetrating box 1 used in the present invention is shorter than the box length conventionally used in the burial method so that it can be easily transported by lifting it with a hoist ship 41 equipped with a crane. It is preferred to use Then, if necessary, a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 (for example, 5 to 7 boxes) are integrated with a tendon at the bottom of the water (not shown).

The cross-sectional shape of the penetrating box 1 can be arbitrarily selected, such as rectangular or oval. Normally, a box culvert-type rectangular cross-section type penetration box 1 as shown in Fig. 1 is used. Both ends of the penetration box 1 are open and in a penetrating state. For this reason, when the penetrating box 1 is submerged in water, external water 22 freely penetrates inside. A submerged tunnel 3 is constructed by connecting a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 that are flooded both inside and outside. In the present invention, as described above, a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 opened at both ends in the stretching direction are joined at the water bottom to form a box group 10, and the box group 10 is extended to extend the water bottom. Form Tunnel 3. Therefore, the internal water 21 stays in the group of boxes 10 only by joining a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 together. In order to construct the submerged tunnel 3 in the aerial state by draining the internal water 21 retained in the box group 10, it is necessary to cut off both ends of the box group 10 from the external water 22. . Here, as a method of blocking both ends of the box group 10 from outside water, there is a method of providing a partition 11 in the penetrating box 1 disposed at the end of the face group 10. The partition 11 can be attached after the penetration type box 1 is submerged on the bottom of the water.However, as shown in Fig. 3, a single-walled box 1a in which the partition It may be arranged only at the end of the group 10. Also, when the box group 10 is extended and the end of the underwater tunnel 3 projects above the water, the infiltration of the outside water 22 is also blocked, so the blockage from the outside water 22 here (See Figure 1).

In addition, the case where the end of the face group 10 is connected to the underwater structure 5 that blocks the external water 22 such as the shaft 5a and artificial islands also corresponds to the blockage from the external water 22. 8). In addition, connecting to another underwater tunnel 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e that is cut off from the outside water 22 also corresponds to the blockage from the outside water 22 here (Figs. 4 and 7). , 9). 2> Water-stopping material (Fig. 10 and 11)

The waterproof material 6 is arranged at the end of the penetrating box 1 in order to increase the water stopping property of the joint between the penetrating boxes 1. The water-stopping material 6 includes a primary water-stopping material 6a that exhibits water-stopping property at the time of joining, and secondary water-stopping materials 6b and 6c that exhibit water-stopping property after joining.

The primary water-stopping material 6a is, for example, a linear water-stop seal disposed on the end faces of the penetrating boxes 1, 1 facing each other. As the primary waterproof material 6a, a known waterproof material such as a rubber seal or a gasket can be used. The primary water-stopping material 6a is deformed when the penetration type box 1 is pressed against another penetration type surface body 1 and joined to exhibit water-stopping properties (see FIG. 10).

The secondary water-stopping materials 6b and 6c are members that exhibit water-stopping properties after, for example, temporary joining is completed. The secondary water-stopping material 6b, 6c is attached to the end in advance before the joining of the penetration type face body 1, and after the joining, the secondary water-stopping material 6 made of a swelling rubber which swells due to the action of seepage water or the like. b, and a secondary waterproof material 6c made of waterproof rubber with Ω-shaped cross section, which is attached from the inside where the penetration type box 1 is joined (see Fig. 11). If the water is stopped only by the secondary waterproofing material 6c to be installed from inside, install the secondary waterproofing material 6c by diving work.

The primary water stop 6a and the secondary water stop 6b, 6c can be used alone or in combination.

<3> Connecting material (Fig. 18)

The connecting material is used as needed to connect the penetrating type face bodies 1 and 1 to each other. The connecting member is composed of, for example, a connecting steel rod 91 and a pair of pedestals 92. The pedestal 92 is attached in advance so as to protrude from the outer or inner surface of the penetrating box 1. In order to fix the pedestal 92 to the penetrating box 1, a method of embedding the legs in the penetrating box 1 or a method of fixing it with anchor bolts can be adopted. The pedestal 92 is preferably provided with a U-shaped notch so that the connecting steel bar 91 can be easily mounted.

A plurality of connecting members are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the penetrating box 1 (not shown). When a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 are combined with a tension member 93 described later, a connecting member is used to secure the connection between the penetrating panel bodies 1 and 1 until the prestress is introduced. You can also. In this case, the connecting member can be removed and diverted after the plurality of penetrating boxes 1 have been integrated by the tendons 93. It can also be installed as is. 4> Tendon (Fig. 19)

The tension members 93 are arranged as necessary to integrally form the plurality of penetrating boxes 1. As the tension member 93, a known PC steel wire, a PC steel stranded wire, a PC steel rod, or the like can be used. : The tendon 93 is introduced into the sheath tube installed inside the skeleton such as the floor slab or the side wall of the penetration type face plate 1. The sheath tube is arranged in the penetration direction of the penetration box 1, in other words, in the axial direction.

Note that the tension member 93 and the sheath tube may be arranged outside the frame to apply tension. Example 1

Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

<1> Manufacture of box

The penetrating box 1 is manufactured at the Mutagami production yard.

In the production yard, for example, a transfer device such as a water caster and roller conveyor using fluid pressure will be installed. Then, the lower floor slab, side walls, and upper floor slab of the penetrating box 1 are flowed in order and manufactured. At this time, if the match-casting method in which the end of the previously manufactured penetrating box 1 is used as a mold to manufacture the next penetrating box 1 is adopted, the joint can be manufactured with high accuracy. .

The completed penetrating box 1 is lifted by a hoist ship 41 equipped with a crane and transported to the destination. For transport to the sunk point, the penetrating box 1 may be loaded on the hoist ship 41 and transported, or may be transported while being suspended by a crane.

<2> Sinking of box At the place where the penetrating box 1 is to be laid, the foundation 31 is constructed by dredging or excavating in advance as necessary, laying the ground crushed stone, laying a bag-like mortar pack, etc. Good. The penetrating box 1 of the present invention is small-scale, and it is sufficient to perform excavation in sequence according to the progress of subsidence of the penetrating box 1. The impact on the surrounding environment is small even if this is done.

It is also possible to construct a pile foundation 32 and install a penetrating box 1 at the pile head (see Fig. 20).

After transporting the penetrating box 1 to above the place to be laid, the penetrating box 1 is laid next to the penetrating box 1 previously laid down. Since the penetrating box 1 is open at both ends, the external water 22 can freely enter the inside of the penetrating box 1. For this reason, buoyancy resistance is not easily received, and it can be easily installed on the water floor.

<3> Box connection

The penetrating box 1 is joined to the penetrating box 1 previously set. For example, the sinking through-type box 1 is drawn to the existing through-type box 1 side with a jack or the like to perform joining. When the penetrating boxes 1 and 1 collide with each other, if the primary water-stopping material 6a is attached to the end surface of the penetrating box 1, the primary water-stopping material is deformed and the primary water-stopping is completed. ·

The connecting steel bars 91 etc. are placed between the pedestals 92 provided on the penetrating boxes 1, 1 for connection. When the pedestal 92 is provided on the outer surface of the penetrating box 1, the connecting steel bar 91 can be easily attached from the outside of the penetrating box 1.

After the penetrating box 1 is laid, a foundation 31 is completed by injecting a base mortar or the like into the lower part of the penetrating box 1.

When the penetrating boxes 1 are sequentially connected, and when both ends of a submerged tunnel 3 composed of a group of boxes 10 connecting a plurality of penetrating boxes 1, 1, 1,. 2 is no longer flooded inside the bottom tunnel 3, and the end of the bottom tunnel 3 is cut off from the outside water 22. In this state, if the inland water 21 staying inside the underwater tunnel 3 is drained at a stretch, the underwater tunnel 3 is completed at a time.

When draining, the apparent specific gravity of the penetrating box 1 after draining does not rise It is necessary to check whether the specific gravity is stable. For example, if the apparent specific gravity of the stable specific gravity is 1.05 or more, the own weight of the penetrating box 1 and the weight of the members arranged inside are divided by the volume of the outer shape of the penetrating box 1. Check that the value is 1.05 or more. If the weight does not reach the stable weight, the underwater tunnel 3 will be made to a stable weight by providing a water ballast, installing an ingot, or covering soil as described below. In this way, during the construction of the underwater tunnel 3, the internal water 21 is kept inside the housing group 10 and the internal water 21 is drained at once after the connection is completed. Thus, the underwater tunnel 3 under construction can be laid down on the bottom in a stable state. In other words, early drainage from the box group 10 means that it is necessary to secure a stable weight of the face group 10 at an early stage. You will be severely restricted. On the other hand, if the underwater tunnel 3 is extended in a flooded state to a certain extent, the ballast is added, and the degree of freedom in the timing of covering soil is expanded, so that more efficient construction can be performed. . '' Example 2

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts described in other embodiments is omitted. 1> Constructing the box group

As described in the first embodiment, the underwater tunnel 3 can be extended until the outside water 22 is shut off, for example, by protruding an end on the water. It can be built in stages by providing 1.

For example, as shown in Fig. 2, both ends of a group of boxes 10 connecting a plurality of penetrating boxes 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 were closed off with partition walls 1 1, 1 1 and external water 22 was shut off. Later, by draining the internal water 21, any of the groups of boxes 10 can be partially and independently brought into the air state. In this case, the drainage of the inland water 21 may be the previously constructed underwater tunnel 3 or an opening may be provided in a part of the box group 10 and a drain pipe may be connected from the opening to the water. A method of continuously draining water may be used.

The single-walled housings 1a provided with the partition walls 11 are arranged, for example, at intervals of 100 to 15 Om in the length of the underwater tunnel.

<2> Integration of face groups (Fig. 19, Fig. 2)

When the box group 10 in which the plurality of penetrating type face bodies 1 are connected is integrated by the tension members 93, for example, the integration is performed every 5 to 7 boxes.

First, a tendon 93 is inserted into the sheath tube provided inside the frame so as to penetrate the box group 10. Usually, a plurality of sheath pipes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the penetration type box 1. The tension members 93 are provided from the one anchoring portion provided in the water bottom tunnel 3 adjacent to the box group 10 to the other. (Not shown). In this way, the integrated box group 10 can be connected to the end of the adjacent underwater tunnel 3. That is, when the tension member 93 is tensioned to introduce the prestressed into the group of boxes 10 at a time and integrated, the anchoring portion of the tension member 93 is provided at the end of the adjacent underwater tunnel 3. Therefore, the group of boxes 10 can be integrated with the underwater tunnel 3 at the same time.

After the integration of the penetration type face plate 1 is completed, the connected steel bars 91 etc. are removed as necessary. When the box group 10 is connected only with the tendon members 93, it can be used as a flexible structure in case of uneven settlement or earthquake. Example 3

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts described in other embodiments is omitted.

Example 3 is an example in which a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 are connected to the tips of the extended water bottom tunnels 3a and 3b, and the water bottom tunnel 3 is further extended. Here, the bottom tunnel 3a represents a tunnel extending gradually from the water to the deeper bottom, and the bottom tunnel 3b represents a tunnel extending from the bottom or the ground. It is. In addition, the extending submerged tunnels 3a and 3b are not necessarily It does not need to be constructed with the body 1, and can be constructed by various tunnel construction methods such as the propulsion tunnel method, the shield method, and the conventional submerged box method.

The tip of the extended water bottom tunnel 3 may be shielded from the outside water 22 by the partition 11 as shown in FIG. 4 or may be unblocked as shown in FIG. After connecting a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 to the tips of the underwater tunnels 3 a and 3 b, a partition 11 is provided at the end of the group of boxes 10 that has newly become the tips of the underwater tunnels 3. The partition 11 can be provided by making the box disposed at the tip of the face group 10 into a box 1a with one wall.

Then, by discharging the inner water 21 in the box group 10 into the underwater tunnels 3a and 3b, the inside of the box group 10 can be put in the air state. In addition, a group of boxes 10 b is further constructed at the tip of the group of boxes 10 a, and the connecting process of the penetrating box 1 and the draining process of the units 10 a and 10 b are repeated. The underwater tunnel 3 can be extended (see Fig. 6). Example 4

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the portions described in other embodiments is omitted.

In the third embodiment, the embodiment in which the submerged tunnel 3 is further extended by forming the face group 10 at the tip of the extended submerged tunnel 3 has been described. An embodiment in which the underwater tunnel 3c reaches the group 10 will be described. In the fourth embodiment, a plurality of penetrating boxes 1 are arranged at an arbitrary position on the water floor to construct a box group 10. Then, the underwater tunnel 3 c is extended toward the constructed box group 10. The construction method of the underwater tunnel 3c to be reached may be any method as described in the third embodiment. In addition, since the tip of the underwater tunnel 3c is connected to the end of the box group 10 so that the end of the box group 10 is cut off from the external water 22, the box group 10 has The partition 11 need not be provided. After the bottom tunnel 3c has arrived, the inner group 21 can be put in the air by draining the inner water 21 into the bottom tunnel 3c. Example 5

Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts described in other embodiments is omitted.

Example 5 is an example in which the underwater structures 5 such as the shaft 5a, artificial islands, and tunnels are connected using the penetrating facepiece 1. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of penetrating facepieces 1 are arranged between two previously constructed shafts 5a, 5a, and the shafts 5a, 5a are connected. The inland water 21 in the underwater tunnel 3d constructed by connecting a plurality of penetrating boxes 1, 1 • · · · can be drained to the shafts 5a and 5a. The shaft 5a can be connected to an underwater tunnel 3e constructed by various methods.

FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment in which a part of the underwater tunnel 3 connecting the shafts 5a, 5a is constructed with the penetrating box 1. It is not always necessary to construct all of the bottom tunnels 3 connecting the shafts 5a, 5a with the penetrating box 1, and the space between the shafts 5a, 5a is combined with another method of constructing the bottom tunnels. If you connect, Example 6

Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts described in other embodiments is omitted.

In the present invention, since the underwater tunnel 3 is constructed using the penetrating box 1, the internal water 21 temporarily stays in the box group 10. For this reason, there may be a problem that the water cannot enter the box group 10 only by diving work, or the water quality of the retained inland water 21 is deteriorated. In particular, when the bottom tunnel 3 is stretched while keeping the inner water 21 until both ends protrude above the water, the inner water 21 stays in the bottom tunnel 3 for a long time. For this reason, by arranging the pipe 7 inside the through-type box 1, it is possible to configure so that the air state can be secured independently of the group of boxes 10 in which the internal water 21 stays. The pipe 7 previously brought into the air state can be used for a monitoring channel or a gas supply channel. For example, a pipe 7a is attached in advance to the interior of the penetrating box 1 to be set. Tube 7a The cross-sectional shape can be arbitrarily selected, such as circular or rectangular, and the size can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose of use. For example, when used on an audit road, it is preferable to secure enough space for the workers 71 to pass and to provide windows and doors on the wall of the pipe 7a. If the gas 72 is merely supplied to the internal water 21, the pipe diameter can be reduced.

The pipe 7a attached to the penetrating box 1 may be connected simultaneously when the penetrating boxes 1 and 1 are joined, or may be connected after connecting the boxes. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a continuous pipe 7 b can be introduced into the underwater tunnel 3 later. Fig. 13 shows a state in which a plurality of holes are provided on the surface of the pipe 7b, and a gas 72 such as air supplied through the pipe 7b is supplied to the internal water 21 to maintain the water quality. FIG. The supply of the gas 72 can be carried out even when the pipe 7 used for the monitoring path is arranged.For example, a check valve is attached to the pipe 7 so that the internal water 21 does not enter the inside of the pipe 7 so that the gas 72 can be supplied. Can be supplied. When the pipe 7 is used as a monitoring path, the completed type of the plurality of penetrating type facepieces 1 can be confirmed by aerial survey. Example 7

Hereinafter, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the portions described in other embodiments is omitted.

In the sixth embodiment, the embodiment in which the water quality is maintained by supplying the gas 72 to the internal water 21 is described.In the seventh embodiment, the embodiment in which the water quality is maintained by circulating the internal water 21 is described. I do.

In this embodiment, it is necessary to provide at least two openings 12 a and 12 b in the underwater tunnel 3. One of the openings 12 a is an opening for discharging the internal water 21 to the external water 22 side, and can be provided on the ceiling or the side wall of the penetration type box 1. It is preferable to attach a drainage pump or the like to the discharge opening 12a to forcibly discharge the internal water 21.

The other opening 12b is provided to take in the external water 22 into the internal water 21. The opening of the penetrating box 1 installed at the extreme end can be used as the opening 12b. Opening 1 2 a to circulate inland water 2 1 accumulated in the underwater tunnel 3 widely , 12 b are preferably provided near both ends of the retained internal water 21. Example 8

Hereinafter, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the parts described in other embodiments is omitted.

<1> Backfill of underwater tunnel

The underwater tunnel 3 constructed according to the above-described embodiment is usually covered with backfill soil 8. Embodiment 8 describes this covering soil in detail.

Fig. 15 shows an example in which the excavated soil excavated by the dredger 42 is directly covered by the constructed underwater tunnel 3. This method can be used when the excavated ground is of good quality and suitable for backfill 8a. If the excavated soil can be used as it is, there is no need for temporary placement, so excavation and backfill work can be performed continuously. Excavated soil disposal costs are also unnecessary.

Figure 16 is a diagram showing a state where the excavated soil is temporarily loaded on the overwater sediment transport vessel 43, and then the submarine tunnel 3 after construction is gradually backfilled.

By covering the soil while the submerged tunnel 3 is inundated, including the case of using the improved soil described later, it is possible to secure a stable weight without adding a separate ballast to the submerged tunnel 3. In addition, when adding ballast, it is only necessary to add the ballast deducted from the backfill soil 8, so it is economical and the inner space of the underwater tunnel 3 can be secured widely. That is, even if the inland water 21 of the bottom tunnel 3 with a stable weight secured by covering soil is drained at a time, the bottom tunnel 3 is installed on the bottom in a stable state without rising.

<2> Improvement of excavated soil

Underwater sediment, such as that used to construct an underwater tunnel 3, is often soft and unsuitable for backfill soil 8 as it is. Therefore, the excavated soil can be improved on the earth and sand carrier 43 and supplied as backfill soil 8b. Here, a sediment transport vessel 4 3 Soil improvement ship 4 4

Soil improvement vessel 4 4 is a plant vessel for improving excavated soil into recyclable materials. The soil improvement vessel 44 mixes the excavated soil excavated by the dredger 42 with the solidified material such as cement to produce improved soil. The improved soil will be used as backfill soil 8b for backfilling the underwater tunnel 3. For example, the dredged excavated soil is put into the hopper 4 4 1 of the sediment improvement vessel 4 4, and the improved soil produced by adding the solidified material D It is dropped above the underwater tunnel 3 through a discharge device such as the above and used as backfill soil 8b. It is preferable that the sediment improvement boat 4 be accompanied by the construction of the underwater tunnel 3.

As a result, soft excavated soil that would normally be treated as industrial waste can be recycled. Then, garbage can be reduced and resources can be used effectively, which is effective in protecting the global environment. In addition, the excavated soil can be used for the backfill soil 8, so material costs can be reduced. In addition, if the improved soil is used immediately, there is no need to stock the improved soil, and it is not necessary to increase the size of the soil improvement vessel 44. The invention's effect

The underwater tunnel construction method of the present invention is as described above, and the following effects can be obtained.

<1> Since the penetrating box is used, it is easy to set up. Further, since the number of unnecessary bulkheads after the construction of the underwater tunnel can be minimized, the construction can be performed efficiently and the construction cost can be reduced.

<2> By installing a small penetrating box and connecting it at the bottom, the effect of the bottom on the surrounding environment can be minimized.

Claims

Scope of the request A plurality of penetrating boxes with openings at both ends in the stretching direction are arranged while being in contact with adjacent penetrating boxes at the bottom of the water.

Both ends of the face group in which the plurality of penetrating boxes are joined are shielded from outside water,

A method for constructing an underwater tunnel, comprising draining internal water staying inside the box group to make the inside of the box group an aerial state.

2.

At the end of the extended submarine tunnel, a through-type face body with both ends opened in the extending direction is joined, and a plurality of the above-mentioned penetrating type boxes are joined to form a box group, which is then newly connected to the end of the underwater tunnel. Cut off the end of the penetrating box from outside water,

3.

A plurality of penetrating boxes open at both ends in the extending direction are joined to form a box group, and an end of the submerged tunnel extended to an end of the face group is joined,

Draining the internal water staying inside the end of the box group in a state where it is cut off from the outside water to make the inside of the box group an aerial state,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

Four .

In the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

It is characterized by extending the underwater tunnel by repeating the construction of the box group and the drainage of the internal water staying inside the face group,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

Five .

Put an interval in the water! /, Build multiple underwater structures,

A plurality of penetrating face bodies having both ends opened in the extending direction between the underwater structures are arranged while being joined to adjacent penetrating boxes at the bottom of the water,

The underwater structures are connected by an underwater tunnel including at least a part of a box group in which the plurality of penetrating boxes are joined,

Draining the internal water staying inside the box group from the underwater structure to bring the inside of the box group into an aerial state;

How to build an underwater tunnel.

6.

In the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

It is characterized in that water is stopped between the through-type boxes by a water-stopping material provided on an end face of the through-type box at the time of joining the through-type boxes,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

7.

It was characterized by stopping water between the penetration type boxes after joining the penetration type face bodies,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

8.

In the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

Providing a tube for ensuring an aerial state independently inside the through box or inside the body, the tube is also joined in the stretching direction at the time of joining or after joining the through box,

It is characterized in that the inside of the pipe is in an aerial state when the penetration type face body is in a flooded state. Was

How to build an underwater tunnel.

9.

In the method of constructing an underwater tunnel according to claim 8,

Supplying gas from the surface of the pipe to inner water retained inside the through-type box,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

Ten .

By discharging the internal water inside the penetrating box to the outside water side from the opening provided in the penetrating box, and taking in the outside water to the inside water side from the other opening provided in the penetrating box. , Characterized by circulating inland water,

How to build an underwater tunnel.

1 1.

A drilling process to drill the bottom of the water,

A submerging step of installing a penetrating box on a water bottom excavated by the method for constructing a water bottom tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

A soil covering step of backfilling the penetrating box installed on the water bottom with the excavated soil generated in the excavating step;

How to build an underwater tunnel.

1 2.

In the method for constructing an underwater tunnel according to claim 11,

Transporting the excavated soil excavated by the excavation process to a sediment transport ship over water,

Supplying backfill soil from the sediment carrier to backfill the penetrating box installed on the water bottom. And characterized

How to build an underwater tunnel.

13 .

In the method for constructing an underwater tunnel according to claim 12,

The backfill soil supplied from the earth and sand carrier is characterized by being manufactured by adding a solidifying material to excavated soil as a raw material on the earth and sand carrier,

How to build an underwater tunnel.