CN109518674B

CN109518674B - Artificial island segment, assembled artificial island and construction method of assembled artificial island

Info

Publication number: CN109518674B
Application number: CN201811642022.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林巍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-12-29
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-29
Also published as: CN109518674A

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial island segment, an assembled artificial island and a construction method thereof, wherein the artificial island segment comprises a body of a prefabricated member, and the body is provided with an inner cavity; the assembled artificial island comprises at least two artificial island sections, and every two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other. The assembled artificial island comprises the prefabricated structural members of the artificial island segments and the inner cavity body arranged in the body, and the assembled artificial island comprises the prefabricated structural members of the artificial island segments, so that subsection prefabrication can be performed in advance, and then the assembled artificial island is hauled to a position to be installed and assembled.

Description

Artificial island segment, assembled artificial island and construction method of assembled artificial island

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial islands, in particular to an artificial island segment, an assembled artificial island, a construction method of the assembled artificial island and an offshore channel.

Background

The artificial island is widely applied to the technical fields of land reclamation by sea, petroleum drilling and transportation, and the conventional artificial island is generally constructed by constructing a slope through riprap construction to form the artificial island, or constructing the artificial island in a cofferdam mode, or deeply inserting a large-diameter steel cylinder to form a flat-bottom island-constructing forming artificial island.

The underwater foundation needs to be processed to be smooth by a mode of forming a slope by throwing stones and constructing an island by cofferdam, the processing mode is complex, the generated noise is high, the environmental influence is large, the working procedures are complex, the construction period is long, and meanwhile, the water resistance during construction is large and the construction is difficult; in addition, in order to ensure normal construction, the water surface is often forbidden, and the influence on navigation is also large. If the large-diameter steel cylinder is adopted for island construction, higher industrial conditions are needed, a large amount of steel structures are needed for machining and lightering the large-diameter steel cylinder, the large-diameter steel cylinder is driven into the seabed in a piling mode, the process is complex, the construction is difficult, large-scale construction equipment is needed, the cost is higher, and meanwhile, the large-diameter steel cylinder is mainly suitable for the underwater soft soil geological working condition environment and has poorer adaptability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects that the artificial island is built by a stone-throwing slope and cofferdam in the prior art, the working procedure is complex, the noise is more, the influence on the environment is larger, the construction is difficult, and the navigation is often greatly influenced, and the artificial island segment, the assembly type artificial island and the construction method of the assembly type artificial island are provided aiming at the defects that the deep insertion large-diameter steel cylinder island building mode is mainly suitable for the soft soil geological working condition.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an artificial island segment comprises a body of a prefabricated member, wherein the body is provided with an inner cavity.

The artificial island segment comprises a body of a prefabricated structural part and an inner cavity arranged in the body, wherein the body is prefabricated structural part, so that the artificial island segment can be prefabricated in advance and then dragged to a position to be installed; because the artificial island segments are prefabricated in sections, all the artificial island segments are convenient to assemble and connect, compared with the existing artificial island which is constructed by a stone throwing slope and cofferdams, the artificial island segment construction method reduces overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount of a water-bottom foundation, simultaneously cancels a deep foundation pit, reduces the foundation treatment workload and the excavation amount of a tunnel foundation trench, reduces environmental influence, reduces construction difficulty and construction time, and has less influence on navigation of the construction site; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method has the advantages of simpler working procedure, simple and convenient construction, lower cost, adaptability to the working conditions of various different foundation soil qualities and strong adaptability.

Preferably, the inner cavity of the body is provided with an opening, so that the inner cavity can be conveniently processed and filled with a counterweight, and the structure of the body can be changed.

Preferably, the body is a reinforced concrete structural member or a steel shell structural member, so that the whole body can be conveniently prefabricated and molded.

Preferably, the two longitudinal ends of the body are provided with temporary blocking walls or/and end walls, the arranged temporary blocking walls are convenient to remove when other bodies are in butt joint, a communicated inner cavity is formed, and the end walls are permanent cavities and serve as edge structures after the artificial island is formed.

Preferably, the body and the end wall are of an integrally formed structure.

Preferably, still be equipped with at least one partition wall in the internal portion of interior cavity, every the counter weight cavity does the body with the fashioned recess shape structure of partition wall, the partition wall is the spatial structure of the independent recess shape of a plurality of with the body shaping each other, the placing of the counter weight of being convenient for does not influence the interior cavity space of body.

Preferably, the body and all the partition walls are an integrally formed structural member.

Preferably, all the partition walls are symmetrically positioned at two sides of the inner cavity of the body along the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, at least one counterweight cavity is arranged in the inner cavity.

Preferably, one or more combined counter weights of water, broken stones and concrete are arranged in the counter weight cavity.

Preferably, at least one end face of the body is provided with a water stop belt for connecting the two bodies in water.

Preferably, the water stop is arranged at one end or two ends of the body along the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, the water stop is a U-shaped water stop.

Preferably, a plurality of transverse supporting pieces are further arranged in the inner cavity.

Preferably, each said transverse support is removably connected within said inner cavity.

Preferably, the outer side of the body is further provided with a backfill, so that the body can be conveniently reinforced and formed on the seabed.

Preferably, the body is provided with a plurality of anchor rope connecting holes convenient for hauling the anchor rope.

Preferably, the body of the artificial island segment is a rectangular structure.

Further preferably, the length of the body is 20-300m, and the width is 20-150 m.

Further preferably, the height of the body is 5-50 m.

The invention also provides an assembled artificial island, which comprises at least two artificial island sections, wherein two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other.

The assembled artificial island comprises the artificial island sections, and the artificial island sections are prefabricated structural parts, so that the artificial island sections can be prefabricated in sections in advance, then are dragged to the position to be installed, and are connected in an assembling mode, compared with the existing artificial island, the assembled artificial island has the advantages that the overwater operation is reduced, the underwater foundation excavation amount is reduced by a stone throwing slope and cofferdam island building mode, a deep foundation pit is also eliminated, the foundation treatment workload is reduced, the environmental influence is reduced, the construction difficulty is reduced, the construction time is shortened, and the influence on navigation of the construction location is small; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method has the advantages of simpler working procedure, simple and convenient construction, lower cost, adaptability to the working conditions of various different foundation soil qualities and strong adaptability.

Preferably, two adjacent artificial island segments are connected to each other in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, all the artificial island segments are connected with each other along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction to form an array type artificial island structure.

Preferably, two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through a U-shaped water stop.

Preferably, two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through at least one pulling device.

Preferably, two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through two pulling-in devices, and each pulling-in device is arranged on the upper surface or the outer side surface of the body corresponding to the two artificial island segments.

Preferably, each pulling-in device comprises a mooring post and a winch, the mooring post and the winch are respectively arranged on two adjacent artificial island sections to be connected, a mooring rope is connected between the mooring post and the winch, the winch tightens the mooring rope, and the mooring post is close to the winch, so that the two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other.

Preferably, each pulling-in device comprises two adjacent artificial island sections to be connected, wherein the two adjacent artificial island sections are provided with upper pedestals respectively, a jack is connected between the two pedestals, and the jack is folded, so that the two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other.

Preferably, an end cavity is arranged between two adjacent artificial island segments, and underwater undispersed concrete or waterproof slurry is filled in the end cavity.

Preferably, the two artificial island segments are respectively connected with each other through a steel plate or an arc baffle, and the steel plate or the arc baffle and the two artificial island segments form the end cavity.

Preferably, a plurality of steel sheet piles are inserted into the end cavity.

Preferably, two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through a pulling device.

Preferably, the internal cavities of all the artificial island segments are in communication with each other.

Preferably, the periphery of the fabricated artificial island is provided with backfill.

The invention also provides a construction method of the assembled artificial island, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, preparing a site, namely paving a foundation bed broken stone cushion layer at the water bottom in an area where the fabricated artificial island is to be installed;

secondly, hauling the first artificial island section, sealing two ends of the first artificial island section, and hauling the first artificial island section to a position to be installed;

sinking and implanting the first artificial island segment at the position to be installed;

hauling the second artificial island section, sealing two ends of the second artificial island section, and hauling the second artificial island section to a position to be installed;

step five, sinking the second artificial island segment, and connecting the first artificial island segment and the second artificial island segment with each other;

and step six, repeating the step four and the step five until all the artificial island segments are hauled to the positions to be installed, sunk and connected to the prior artificial island segments, and finally finishing the construction of the assembly type artificial island.

The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled artificial island, which adopts an integrally prefabricated artificial island and utilizes the buoyancy of water to transport the prefabricated island to the site for installation, and because each artificial island segment is prefabricated in sections, the artificial island segments are assembled on the site; therefore, the construction method of the fabricated artificial island simplifies the construction process, reduces the overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount, cancels the deep foundation pit, reduces the foundation treatment engineering amount, reduces the environmental influence, reduces the noise, reduces the water blocking ratio, can adapt to the open environment of the soil quality of the blind foundation, and has wide adaptability.

Further preferably, before the first step is performed, the artificial island segments of the fabricated artificial island are prefabricated in segments.

Preferably, one of the two ends of the first and last artificial island segments of the fabricated artificial island is an end wall which is permanently connected to the body, and the other end is closed by a detachable temporary blocking wall.

Preferably, in the third step, when the first artificial island segment and the subsequent artificial island segments are sunk, 4 to 8 winches are adopted to respectively connect the anchor ropes arranged on the artificial island segments, then the postures of the artificial island segments are regulated and controlled, and then water is added into the artificial island segments to enable the artificial island segments to be implanted and installed at the positions to be installed.

Preferably, when the two artificial island segments in the step five are connected with each other, the two artificial island segments are initially connected by using a pulling-in device, then the two artificial island segments are connected with each other through the water stop, then the water in the end cavity formed by the water stop and the two artificial island segments is discharged, and under the condition of water pressure measurement, the two artificial island segments are pushed to approach each other so as to realize final compression joint.

Preferably, when the artificial island segment is sunk and implanted at the position to be installed in the third or sixth step, a counterweight is added in a counterweight cavity in the artificial island segment, and the artificial island segment is gradually sunk and implanted under the action of a winch.

Preferably, the counterweight is water, crushed stone or concrete.

Preferably, in the fifth or sixth step, when sinking the artificial island section, a counterweight is added in the counterweight cavity of the prior artificial island section.

Further preferably, the building method further comprises a seventh step of adding backfill to the installed fabricated artificial island in the circumferential direction.

Further preferably, the construction method further comprises step eight of adjusting the pressure of the foundation for artificial island construction, namely when the weight of the artificial island segment is newly added in the construction or pavement construction of the artificial island segment, the existing counter weights are wholly or partially removed to adjust the pressure balance of the artificial island segment on the foundation before and after the construction or pavement construction, namely the pressure of the foundation is controlled at a lower level, so that the treatment difficulty and the engineering quantity of the underwater foundation are reduced.

The invention also provides an offshore channel which comprises the assembled artificial island and the immersed tube tunnel, wherein the inner cavity of the assembled artificial island is communicated with the inner cavity of the immersed tube tunnel.

Further preferably, the immersed tube tunnel is a hollow pipeline closed in a ring shape.

Preferably, the immersed tube tunnel is of a box girder body structure.

The invention also provides an offshore channel which comprises the assembled artificial island and a bridge, wherein the assembled artificial island is communicated with the bridge.

The invention also provides an offshore channel which comprises the assembled artificial island, a bridge and the immersed tube tunnel, wherein the immersed tube tunnel is of a box girder structure, and an inner cavity of the assembled artificial island is communicated with an inner cavity of the immersed tube tunnel.

Preferably, when the offshore channel is constructed, one of the artificial island sections is constructed, then the other artificial island sections are connected to one end of each artificial island section, the other end of each artificial island section is connected to the immersed tube tunnel, and after the assembly type artificial island is completed, the assembly type artificial island is connected with the constructed bridge, so that the construction and construction of the offshore channel are completed finally.

Preferably, when the offshore channel is constructed, one of the artificial island sections is constructed, then one end of the artificial island section is connected with other artificial island sections until the assembly type artificial island is completed, the assembly type artificial island is connected with the constructed bridge, finally the other end of the artificial island section is connected with the immersed tube tunnel until the construction and installation of the immersed tube tunnel are completed, and finally the construction and construction of the offshore channel are completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the artificial island segment comprises a body of a prefabricated structural part and an inner cavity arranged in the body, wherein the body is prefabricated, and then the prefabricated structural part is dragged to a position to be installed; because the artificial island segments are prefabricated in sections, all the artificial island segments are convenient to assemble and connect, compared with the existing artificial island which is constructed by a stone throwing slope and cofferdams, the artificial island segment construction method reduces overwater operation, reduces underwater foundation excavation amount, simultaneously cancels a deep foundation pit, reduces foundation treatment workload, reduces environmental influence, reduces construction difficulty and construction time, and has less influence on navigation of the construction location; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method has the advantages of simpler working procedure, simple and convenient construction, lower cost, adaptability to the working conditions of various different foundation soil qualities and strong adaptability;

2. the assembled artificial island comprises the artificial island sections, and the artificial island sections are prefabricated structural parts, so that the artificial island sections can be prefabricated in sections in advance, then are dragged to the position to be installed, and are connected in an assembling mode, compared with the existing artificial island, the assembled artificial island has the advantages that the overwater operation is reduced, the underwater foundation excavation amount is reduced by a stone throwing slope and cofferdam island building mode, a deep foundation pit is also eliminated, the foundation treatment workload is reduced, the environmental influence is reduced, the construction difficulty is reduced, the construction time is shortened, and the influence on navigation of the construction location is small; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method has the advantages of simpler working procedure, simple and convenient construction, lower cost, adaptability to the working conditions of various different foundation soil qualities and strong adaptability;

3. the invention relates to a construction method of an assembled artificial island, which adopts an integrally prefabricated artificial island and utilizes the buoyancy of water to transport the prefabricated island to the site for installation, and because each artificial island segment is prefabricated in sections, the artificial island segments are assembled on the site; therefore, the construction method of the fabricated artificial island simplifies the construction process, reduces the overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount, cancels the deep foundation pit, reduces the foundation treatment engineering amount, reduces the environmental influence, reduces the noise, reduces the water blocking ratio, can adapt to the open environment of the soil quality of the blind foundation, and has wide adaptability.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a structure of an artificial island segment according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of A-A, B-B, E-E of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of C-C, D-D of FIG. 1;

fig. 4a is a partial structural view of the artificial island segment of fig. 1 without a counterweight cavity;

FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 a;

FIG. 4c is a schematic partial structure diagram of the artificial island segment of FIG. 1 with a counterweight cavity;

FIG. 4d is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 c;

FIG. 5a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembled artificial island prefabrication splice according to the present invention;

FIG. 5b is a perspective view of FIG. 5 a;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fabricated artificial island spliced along the longitudinal direction according to the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled artificial island according to the present invention, which is spliced into an array along the longitudinal and transverse directions;

FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of two artificial island segment joints connected using a water stop;

FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of two artificial island segment joints connected by a baffle;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the joint connection of two artificial island segments;

FIGS. 10a-10d are schematic diagrams of assembled artificial islands connected by a pulling device;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a man-made island segment hauled by a cable;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of two artificial island segments interconnected by the thrust of water;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of two artificial island segments before and after being pressed against each other by the thrust of water;

FIG. 14a is a schematic illustration of an assembled man-made island before interconnection with a sinking tunnel;

FIG. 14b is a schematic view of an assembled artificial island and immersed tube tunnel after they are connected to each other;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an assembled man-made island interconnecting with immersed tube tunnels and bridges;

fig. 16 is another schematic diagram of the interconnection of the fabricated artificial island with the immersed tube tunnel and the bridge.

The labels in the figure are:

1. the device comprises a body, 11, an inner cavity, 12, a counterweight cavity, 13, an end wall, 14, a connecting hole, 15, an anchor rope, 2, a partition wall, 3, a counterweight, 4, a temporary blocking wall, 5, a water stop, 6, a baffle, 61, an end cavity, 7, a transverse support member, 8, a backfill, 9, a pulling-in device, 91, a winch, 92, a mooring post, 93, a cable, 94, a pedestal, 95, a jack, 10, a foundation, 101, a immersed tube tunnel, 102 and a bridge.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, 4a-4d, an artificial island segment comprises a body 1 of a preform, said body 1 being provided with an inner cavity 11.

The artificial island segment comprises a body 1 of a prefabricated structural part and an inner cavity 11 arranged in the body 1, wherein the body 1 is the prefabricated structural part, so that prefabrication can be performed in advance, and then the artificial island segment is dragged and transported to a position to be installed, in addition, the inner cavity 11 is arranged in the body 1, and through the balance weight in the inner cavity 11, the buoyancy of the body 1 can be changed, so that sedimentation is facilitated; because the artificial island segments are prefabricated in sections, all the artificial island segments are convenient to assemble and connect, compared with the existing artificial island which is constructed by a stone throwing slope and cofferdams, the artificial island segment construction method reduces overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount of a water-bottom foundation, simultaneously cancels a deep foundation pit, reduces the processing workload of the foundation 10, reduces environmental influence, reduces construction difficulty and construction time, and has less influence on navigation of the construction site; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method is simpler in process, simple and convenient to construct, lower in cost, adaptable to the working conditions of different foundations 10 in soil quality and high in adaptability.

The inner cavity 11 of the body 1 is provided with an opening, so that the inner cavity 11 can be conveniently processed and filled with the counterweight 3, and the structure of the body 1 is changed. The body 1 adopts a reinforced concrete structural member or a steel shell structural member, so that the whole body can be conveniently prefabricated and molded. The temporary plugging walls 4 or/and the end walls 13 are arranged at the two longitudinal ends of the body 1, the arranged temporary plugging walls 4 are convenient to detach when the other bodies 1 are butted, a communicated inner cavity 11 is formed, and the end walls 13 are permanent cavities and serve as edge structures after the artificial island is formed. The body 1 and the end wall 13 are of an integrally formed structure, and processing is convenient.

At least one partition wall 2 is further arranged inside the inner cavity 11, and each partition wall 12 is the balance weight cavity 1 and the groove-shaped structure formed by the partition walls 2, the partition walls 2 and the body 1 are mutually formed into a space structure in the shape of a plurality of independent grooves, so that balance weights can be conveniently placed, and the space of the inner cavity 11 of the body 1 is not affected. The body 1 and all the partition walls 2 are integrally formed structural members; all the partition walls 2 are symmetrically positioned at two sides of the inner cavity 11 of the body 1 along the longitudinal direction. At least one counterweight cavity 12 is arranged in the inner cavity 11. One or more combined counter weights 3 of water, broken stones and concrete are arranged in the counter weight cavity 12.

In addition, at least one end face of the body 1 is provided with a water stop belt 5 for connecting the two bodies 1 in water. The water stop 5 is provided at one end or both ends of the body 1 in the longitudinal direction, and preferably, the water stop 5 is a U-shaped water stop 5.

A plurality of transverse supporting pieces 7 are also arranged in the inner cavity 11. Each transverse support 7 is removably connected within said inner cavity 11. The outer side of the body 1 is also provided with a backfill material 8, which is convenient for reinforcing and forming the body 1 on the seabed. The body 1 is provided with a plurality of anchor rope 15 connecting holes 14 which are convenient for hauling the anchor rope 15. The body 1 of the artificial island segment is of a rectangular structure.

Generally, the length of the body 1 is 20-300m, and the width is 20-150 m. The height of the body 1 is 5-50 m.

The main body 1 is directly connected with the partition wall 2. The partition wall 2 is for applying a pressure weight. When the artificial island needs to be prefabricated in a segmented mode, the temporary blocking wall 4 replaces the butt joint part of the body 1. Rubber waterstops 5 or grout stop baffles 6 are used for butt joint. The transverse support is connected with the body 1 and plays a role in fixing a permanent structure. Backfilling the outer side of the main structure, and constructing after the artificial island is installed on site, so as to maintain the permanent stability of the artificial island and prevent the artificial island from being impacted by ship collision and the like.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5a, 5b, 6 and 7, the present invention further provides a fabricated artificial island, which includes at least two artificial island segments, and two adjacent artificial island segments are connected to each other.

The two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other along the transverse direction or/and the longitudinal direction. Two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through a U-shaped water stop belt 5. Two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through a U-shaped baffle 6, and the baffle 6 and the two artificial island segments form an end cavity 61. Concrete or waterproof slurry which is not dispersed under water is injected into the end cavity 61.

Two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through at least one pulling device 9. Two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other through two pulling-in devices 9, and each pulling-in device 9 is arranged on the upper surface or the outer side surface of the body 1 corresponding to the two artificial island segments. Each pulling-closing device 9 comprises a mooring post 92 and a winch 91, the mooring post 92 and the winch 91 are respectively arranged on two adjacent artificial island sections to be connected, a cable 93 is connected between the mooring post 92 and the winch 91, the winch 91 tightens the cable 93, and the mooring post 92 is close to the winch 91, so that the two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other. Each pulling-in device 9 comprises pedestals 94 respectively arranged on two adjacent artificial island segments to be connected, a jack 95 is connected between the two pedestals 94, and the jack 95 is folded, so that the connection between the two adjacent artificial island segments is realized, preferably, the inner cavities 11 of all the artificial island segments are communicated with each other. And the backfill 8 is arranged on the periphery of the assembled artificial island after connection is finished, so that the reinforcement is facilitated.

The assembled artificial island of the scheme has the following advantages:

1. the assembly type artificial island can float automatically and can sink by utilizing the gravity of water. The artificial island is light and handy in water, which means that the requirement of the artificial island on the foundation is low. Can be maintained substantially at a level that remains stable in the island body. Moreover, the bottom surface of the artificial island is an integral surface, rather than the discrete structure of the traditional sandstone artificial island, which means that the pressure of the foundation 10 is relatively uniform. In conclusion, the basic scheme can be greatly optimized, even in most cases, the basic scheme can not be processed, and only a conventional bed leveling layer needs to be laid.

2. Because the pile foundation scheme is cancelled in the fabricated artificial island, the noise pollution is effectively reduced;

3. the requirement of the assembled artificial island on the bearing capacity of the foundation 10 is low, so that the excavation depth of the artificial island foundation 10 can be shallow, the excavation amount is reduced, and the environment protection of (sea) water is facilitated;

4. compared with the traditional island building mode, the assembled artificial island cancels a deep foundation pit and reduces the construction risk. The working procedure is simplified; it should be noted that, when the fabricated artificial island is fixed on the sea bottom, the fabricated artificial island depends on the actual engineering condition, if the friction force is enough, the friction force generated by gravity can be directly used to meet the requirement, if the friction force is not enough to keep the fabricated artificial island fixed with a patch, the outer side of the fabricated artificial island needs to be backfilled, the stability of the artificial island is kept by using the passive soil pressure, and the backfilling at the outer side can also be used as an anti-collision structure;

5. the construction period of the assembled artificial island is more controllable;

6. the assembled artificial island greatly reduces the time of overwater operation, thereby reducing the influence of overwater traffic and ensuring the safety of the overwater traffic for the construction water area adjacent to a busy channel;

7. the fabricated artificial island adopts a reinforced concrete or steel shell structure as a water retaining and soil retaining structure, so that the minimum structural width required by the conventional riprap levee scheme is reduced, the total width of the island body is reduced, the hydraulic influence is favorably controlled, and the water blocking rate is reduced.

In conclusion, the assembly type artificial island comprises the artificial island sections, and the artificial island sections are prefabricated structural parts, so that subsection prefabrication can be performed in advance, and then the artificial island sections are dragged to the position to be installed and are spliced and connected, compared with the existing artificial island which is constructed by a stone throwing slope and cofferdams, the assembly type artificial island reduces overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount of a water-bottom foundation, simultaneously cancels a deep foundation pit, reduces the processing workload of the foundation 10, reduces environmental influence, reduces construction difficulty, reduces construction time, and has little influence on navigation of the construction site; compared with the existing island building method by deeply inserting large-diameter steel cylinders, the island building method is simpler in process, simple and convenient to construct, lower in cost, adaptable to the working conditions of different foundations 10 in soil quality and high in adaptability.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 5-7, 8a, 8b, 9, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, the present invention also provides a method for constructing an assembled artificial island, which includes the steps of:

sixthly, repeating the fourth step and the fifth step until all the artificial island segments are hauled to the positions to be installed, sunk and connected to the prior artificial island segments, and finally finishing the construction of the assembly type artificial island;

seventhly, adding backfill 8 to the circumferential direction of the assembled artificial island;

and step eight, pressure adjustment of the artificial island construction foundation 10, namely, when the weight of the artificial island section is newly added in the construction of the building or the pavement in the artificial island section, the existing counter weights 3 are wholly or partially removed for adjusting the pressure balance of the artificial island section on the foundation 10 before and after the construction of the building or the pavement.

As shown in fig. 12-13, the working principle of the fabricated artificial island is as follows:

the artificial island is prefabricated on the shore.

Floating by using the buoyancy of water, and transporting. The transportation can adopt a tugboat or other transportation modes of large members on water. The artificial island can meet the water depth of a common navigation channel or a water area after floating, so that the artificial island can be transported to the overwater area of the artificial island to be installed in a floating mode.

Sinking by the gravity of water. The artificial island is leveled by filling water into the partition cabin of the artificial island prefabricated member, and the buoyancy of the artificial island is offset until the artificial island acts on the foundation bed.

The connection is made by the thrust of water. Usually, the artificial island is divided into a plurality of components to be transported to the site by floating and then assembled. After the preliminary butt joint, water in the U-shaped (Gina) rubber water stop 5 at the butt joint end is pumped out, the water pressure at the butt joint end of the prefabricated section of the artificial island disappears, the water pressure at the tail end overcomes the friction force of the foundation bed of the prefabricated section of the artificial island, and the prefabricated section of the newly installed artificial island is pushed to a shore structure or the prefabricated section of the previously installed artificial island. To ensure that the precast segment of the previously installed man-made island can be thrust (i.e., not pushed by the lateral water pressure of the newly installed precast segment), a portion of the previously installed precast segment construction can be backfilled or more weight can be applied to increase passive earth pressure and static friction.

Grouting connection: and setting a grout stopping measure between the prefabricated sections, and injecting underwater undispersed concrete or other water stopping grout.

The working process is as follows: the artificial island of a plurality of prefabricated sections with more processes is taken as an example for introduction.

Firstly, field preparation work comprises paving a foundation bed broken stone cushion layer of the artificial island;

secondly, prefabricating an island body main structure in a segmented manner;

thirdly, in order to utilize the buoyancy of water, two ends of the prefabricated section of the artificial island are sealed by temporary retaining walls;

fourthly, mounting a Gina water stop 5 at one end of the prefabricated section in advance for butt joint;

the prefabricated section floats in water and is transported to the site of installation in a floating state, the posture of the prefabricated section is controlled by 4 to 8 windlasses 91 (anchors) arranged on the top surface of the prefabricated section (on water) and connected with the anchor in the water, and meanwhile, the prefabricated section is implanted by adding water into the prefabricated section;

sixthly, connecting the prefabricated section or the shoreside structure; the primary connection may be by a pull-on jack 95; finally, the water passing through the end cavity 61 of the U-shaped rubber water stop 5 is connected, and the secondary compression joint of the rubber water stop 5 is performed by the lateral pressure of the water. In order to ensure the stability (namely thrust) of the previous prefabricated section during hydraulic compression joint, the previous prefabricated section can be ballasted to increase the friction force of a foundation bed, or gravels are backfilled around the previous prefabricated section to increase the passive earth pressure, or both the previous prefabricated section and the passive earth pressure;

seventhly, other constructions carried out in the artificial island body increase the weight of the artificial island body, such as filling gravel or pouring pavement concrete, and in order to control settlement (ensure that the bearing capacity of the foundation is sufficient), the weight is managed and controlled, and temporary water for pressing is replaced by permanent gravel or concrete.

The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled artificial island, which adopts an integrally prefabricated artificial island and utilizes the buoyancy of water to transport the prefabricated island to the site for installation, and because each artificial island segment is prefabricated in sections, the artificial island segments are assembled on the site; therefore, the construction method of the assembly type artificial island simplifies the construction process, reduces the overwater operation, reduces the excavation amount, cancels the deep foundation pit, reduces the treatment engineering amount of the foundation 10, reduces the environmental influence, reduces the noise, reduces the water blocking ratio, can adapt to the open environment of the soil quality of the obstructed foundation 10, and has wide adaptability.

In addition, compared with the conventional island building method, the method for building the assembled artificial island has the following advantages that:

A. the assembly type artificial island can be installed in a large scale, a large amount of overwater work can be transferred to land, and the construction difficulty is reduced;

B. the construction method of the assembled artificial island reduces the operation on water;

C. when the fabricated artificial island is constructed, the pressure of the foundation 10 is small; and it is conceivable to adjust the foundation 10 pressure by means of the loading and unloading adjustment of the prefabricated sections;

D. because the foundation 10 can be conveniently adjusted when the fabricated artificial island is constructed, the treatment requirement of the foundation 10 is reduced; even foundation 10 treatment may be eliminated;

E. when the fabricated artificial island is constructed, the foundation 10 can be conveniently adjusted, and the excavation amount of the foundation trench of the tunnel is small;

F. the construction method of the assembly type artificial island has low water conservancy influence (namely water resistance ratio);

G. according to the construction method of the fabricated artificial island, the construction of a deep foundation pit is cancelled;

H. the construction method of the assembly type artificial island cancels the basic treatment of the tunnel on the island, and reduces the construction difficulty of the assembly type artificial island;

I. the construction method of the assembled artificial island reduces construction noise

J. The construction method of the assembled artificial island can quickly form the island, has low cost and minimizes the environmental influence;

m, the construction method of the assembly type artificial island does not need a special construction wharf, and only needs to add a fender on the outer side of the prefabricated structure;

the construction method of the assembly type artificial island can conveniently enable the assembly type artificial island to be connected with the bridge 102 and the immersed tube tunnel 101;

o. due to the fact that the pressure of the foundation 10 of the island body prefabricated section is close to that of the immersed tube tunnel 101, the rigidity of the foundation 10 of the immersed tube section can be easily coordinated, and differential settlement risks of a shore joint are avoided;

p, if necessary, the island body prefabricated section and the immersed tube joint can share the dry dock, so that the investment of facilities facing the large world is reduced

Further, before the first step is carried out, each artificial island segment of the fabricated artificial island is prefabricated in a segmented mode.

One of the two ends of the first and last artificial island segments of the fabricated artificial island is permanently connected to the body 1 by a headwall 13, and the other end is closed by a detachable temporary blocking wall 4.

In the third step, when the first artificial island segment and the subsequent artificial island segments sink, 4-8 winches 91 are adopted to respectively connect the anchor ropes 15 arranged on the artificial island segments, then the postures of the artificial island segments are regulated, and then water is added into the artificial island segments to enable the artificial island segments to be implanted and installed at the positions to be installed.

When the two artificial island sections in the fifth step are connected with each other, the pulling-in device 9 is adopted to preliminarily connect the two artificial island sections, then the two artificial island sections are connected with each other through the water stop belt 5, then the water stop belt 5 and the water in the end cavity 61 formed by the two artificial island sections are discharged, and under the condition of water pressure measurement, the two artificial island sections are pushed to be close to each other so as to realize final pressure welding.

And in the third or sixth step, when the artificial island segment sinks and is implanted at the position to be installed, adding the counterweight 3 into the counterweight cavity 12 in the artificial island segment, and enabling the artificial island segment to gradually sink and be implanted under the action of the winch 91. The counterweight 3 is water, gravel or concrete.

Further, in step five or six, when sinking the artificial island segment, adding the counterweight 3 in the counterweight cavity 12 of the prior artificial island segment.

The construction method further comprises a seventh step of adding backfill 8 to the circumferential direction of the assembled artificial island after installation.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 13, the present invention further provides an offshore channel, which includes an assembled artificial island and a sinking tunnel 101, wherein the inner cavity 11 of the assembled artificial island and the inner cavity of the sinking tunnel 101 are communicated with each other.

Further preferably, the immersed tunnel 101 is a hollow pipe with a closed ring shape.

Example 5

The invention also provides an offshore channel, as shown in fig. 14a and 14b, comprising a fabricated artificial island and a bridge 102, wherein the fabricated artificial island and the bridge 102 are communicated with each other.

Example 6

The invention also provides an offshore channel, as shown in fig. 15-16, comprising an assembled artificial island and a immersed tunnel 101, wherein the immersed tunnel 101 is of a box girder structure, and an inner cavity 11 of the assembled artificial island is communicated with an inner cavity of the immersed tunnel 101.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled artificial island is characterized by comprising at least two artificial island sections, wherein the two adjacent artificial island sections are connected with each other, each artificial island section comprises a body of a prefabricated member, and the body is a reinforced concrete structural member or a steel shell structural member; the body is provided with an inner cavity, at least one counterweight cavity is arranged in the inner cavity, at least one partition wall is further arranged in the inner cavity, and each counterweight cavity is of a groove-shaped structure formed by the body and the partition wall; the temporary blocking walls or/and end walls are arranged at two longitudinal ends of the body, wherein the temporary blocking walls are used for dismounting the body and the bodies of other artificial island sections during butt joint, and the end walls are used for edge structures after the artificial island is formed; and at least one end surface or side surface of the body is provided with a U-shaped water stop belt for connecting the two artificial island section bodies in water, and the two adjacent artificial island sections are also connected with each other through at least one pulling device.

2. An assembled artificial island according to claim 1 wherein the internal cavity of the body has an opening.

3. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein the body and the end wall are of an integrally formed structure.

4. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein the body and all the partition walls are an integral structural member.

5. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein all the partition walls are symmetrically positioned at two sides of the inner cavity of the body along the longitudinal direction.

6. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein one or more combined weights selected from water, gravel and concrete are disposed in the weight cavity.

7. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of transverse supporting members are further provided in the inner cavity.

8. An assembled artificial island according to claim 7 wherein each of the transverse supports is removably attached within the internal cavity.

9. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the body is further provided with backfill.

10. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein the body is provided with a plurality of anchor rope connecting holes for facilitating hauling of anchor ropes.

11. An assembled artificial island according to any one of claims 1 to 10 wherein the body of the artificial island segment is of a rectangular configuration.

12. An assembled artificial island according to claim 11 wherein the length of the body is 20-300m and the width is 20-150 m.

13. An assembled artificial island according to claim 11 wherein the height of the body is 5-50 m.

14. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent artificial island segments are connected to each other in a transverse direction or a longitudinal direction.

15. A fabricated artificial island according to claim 1 wherein all of the artificial island segments are interconnected in both transverse and longitudinal directions to form an arrayed artificial island structure.

16. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent artificial island segments are connected to each other through two pulling-in devices, and each pulling-in device is disposed on an upper surface or an outer side surface of the body corresponding to the two artificial island segments.

17. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein each of the pulling-in devices comprises a mooring post and a winch, the mooring post and the winch are respectively arranged on two adjacent artificial island segments to be connected, a cable is connected between the mooring post and the winch, the winch tightens the cable, and the mooring post is close to the winch, so that the two adjacent artificial island segments are connected with each other.

18. An assembled artificial island according to claim 1, wherein each of the pulling-in devices comprises pedestals respectively disposed on two adjacent artificial island segments to be connected, and a jack is connected between the two pedestals, and the jacks are folded so as to connect the two adjacent artificial island segments to each other.

19. The fabricated artificial island according to claim 1, wherein an end cavity is arranged between two adjacent artificial island segments, and the end cavity is filled with underwater undispersed concrete or water-stop slurry.

20. An assembled artificial island according to claim 19 wherein the two artificial island segments are respectively interconnected by a steel plate or a circular arc baffle plate, the steel plate or circular arc baffle plate and the two artificial island segments forming the end cavity.

21. An assembled artificial island according to claim 20 wherein a plurality of steel sheet piles are inserted into the end cavities.

22. A fabricated artificial island according to any one of claims 1-10 and 12-21 wherein the internal cavities of all of said artificial island segments are in communication with each other.

23. A fabricated artificial island according to any one of claims 1-10 and 12-21 wherein the periphery of the fabricated artificial island is provided with backfill.

24. A method of constructing a fabricated artificial island according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the method of constructing a fabricated artificial island comprises the steps of:

25. The method of claim 24, wherein each artificial island segment of the fabricated artificial island is prefabricated in segments before the first step is performed.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein one of the ends of the first and last artificial island segments of the prefabricated artificial island is an end wall and the end wall is permanently connected to the corresponding body, and the other end is closed by a detachable temporary blocking wall.

27. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein when the first and subsequent man-made island segments are lowered, 4-8 winches are used to connect the anchor lines on the man-made island segments, the postures of the man-made island segments are adjusted, and then water is added into the man-made island segments to make the man-made island segments implanted and installed at the positions to be installed.

28. The method for constructing an assembled artificial island according to claim 24, wherein in the step five, when the two artificial island segments are connected with each other, the two artificial island segments are initially connected by a pulling-closing device, then the two artificial island segments are connected with each other through a water stop, water in an end cavity formed by the water stop and the two artificial island segments is discharged, and under the condition of water pressure measurement, the two artificial island segments are pushed to approach each other to achieve final crimping.

29. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein in the third or sixth step, when the artificial island segment is sunk and implanted at the position to be installed, a counterweight is added in the counterweight cavity in the artificial island segment, and the artificial island segment is gradually sunk and implanted under the action of the winch.

30. The method of constructing an assembled artificial island according to claim 29 wherein the ballast is water, gravel or concrete.

31. The method of constructing an assembled artificial island according to claim 24, wherein in step five or six, weights are added to the weight cavity of the previous artificial island segment while sinking the artificial island segment.

32. The method for constructing a fabricated artificial island according to any one of claims 24 to 31, further comprising a seventh step of adding backfill to the installed fabricated artificial island circumferentially.

33. The method for constructing an assembled artificial island according to claim 32, further comprising a step eight of adjusting the pressure of the constructed foundation of the artificial island, wherein when the construction or pavement in the artificial island section adds the weight of the artificial island section, the existing weights are removed wholly or partially for adjusting the pressure balance of the artificial island section to the foundation before and after the construction or pavement.

34. An offshore channel comprising the fabricated artificial island of any one of claims 1-23 and a sinking tunnel, the inner cavity of the fabricated artificial island and the inner cavity of the sinking tunnel being in communication with each other.

35. An offshore channel as claimed in claim 34 wherein the sinking tunnel is a hollow pipe closed in the form of a ring.

36. An offshore channel, according to claim 35, wherein said sinking tunnel is a box girder structure.

37. An offshore channel comprising the fabricated man-made island of any one of claims 1-23 and a bridge, the fabricated man-made island and the bridge being in communication with each other.

38. An offshore passage, comprising the fabricated artificial island, the bridge and the immersed tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the inner cavity of the fabricated artificial island is communicated with the inner cavity of the immersed tunnel.

39. The offshore channel as claimed in claim 38, wherein during construction, one of the artificial island segments is constructed, then the other artificial island segments are connected to one end of the artificial island segment, and the other end of the artificial island segment is simultaneously connected to the immersed tube tunnel, until the fabricated artificial island is completed, the fabricated artificial island is connected to the constructed bridge, and finally the construction and construction of the offshore channel are completed.

40. The offshore channel as claimed in claim 38, wherein during construction, one of the artificial island segments is constructed, then the other artificial island segments are connected to one end of the artificial island segment until the fabricated artificial island is completed, the fabricated artificial island is then connected to the constructed bridge, and finally the immersed tube tunnel is connected to the other end of the artificial island segment until the construction and installation of the immersed tube tunnel are completed, and finally the construction and construction of the offshore channel are completed.