1337215 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明，係關於將預鑄涵體沈入水底以構築水底隧道 之構築方法。 【先前技術】 先刖之沉埋工法，係將在預鑄場製作之涵體拖曳至目 的地後，將其沉設以構築水底隧道。一般而言，由於所沉 設之涵體具有100m〜140m之長度，因此係在工程地點附 近構築如造船廠之船塢般的預鑄場來製造涵體。將此種又 大又長的高剛性涵體沉設於水底時，隨著沉入水底之不均 及地震等之變冑，有時會在涵體產生非常大的應力。因此 ，開發出一種新的構築方法，其係製作能以起重機吊起之 程度大小的分割涵體（單元），將複數個分割涵體加以連結 來構築大型沉埋涵體（參照專利文獻1〜5)。 其中之專利文獻2,係揭示將複數個以鋼板等暫時性 區隔件加以區隔之塊（bl〇ck)在水上加以連結，構築出大型 沉埋涵體本體後進行沉設的方法。又’在專利文獻3〜5 中，則揭示在作業船上連結複數個分割涵體以構築大型沉 埋涵體，以作業船搬運至目的地後進行該沉埋涵體之沉設 的方法。 [專利文獻1 j1337215 发明Invention Description: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method of constructing a submerged tunnel by sinking a dam body into a water bottom. [Prior Art] The first method of burying the raft is to drag the hulls produced in the market to the destination and then set them up to construct the underwater tunnel. In general, since the body of the sink has a length of 100 m to 140 m, a flock is constructed near the construction site, such as a dockyard of a shipyard. When such a large and long high-rigidity body is placed on the bottom of the water, it sometimes causes a very large stress in the body with the unevenness of the submerged bottom and the change of the earthquake. Therefore, a new construction method has been developed in which a plurality of divided culverts are connected to each other to form a large-scale buried culvert (see Patent Document 1 to 5). Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a plurality of blocks (bl〇ck) separated by a temporary partition such as a steel plate are connected to each other on the water to construct a large buried body body and then to be placed. Further, in Patent Documents 3 to 5, a method of connecting a plurality of divided culverts on a workboat to construct a large-sized buried culvert, and transporting the work hull to the destination after the work ship is carried out is disclosed. [Patent Document 1 j
曰本專利特開2000- 178990號公報 [專利文獻2J 曰本專利特公昭48 — 6227號公報 1337215 [專利文獻3 ] 曰本專利特開平6一 193391號公報 [專利文獻4] 日本專利特開平11 ~ 140893號公報 [專利文獻5 ] 曰本專利特開2000 — 257091號公報 然而’前述使用習知涵體之水底隧道之構築方法，卻 有下列問題點。 < 1 >在現有水底隧道之相鄰地構築一新的水底隧道時 奴暫時設置既長且大的沉埋涵體，將無法避免對既有水 底随道的影響°亦％，為沉設大型沉埋涵體，必須進行大 規杈的挖掘’ &大規模的挖掘有時會使既有的沉埋涵體受 到衫響。為解決此問題，必須對既有的水底隧道施以某種 預防措施後始進行挖掘。 <2>先前方法，所沉設之沉埋涵體係以間隔壁 (hud)加以區隔。由於此間隔壁係沉設後加以去除之暫 時性構造物，因此為提昇施工性應盡可能的不予設置。秋 而，上述先前方法中，由於在 因夕古〃 “埋，函體之至少兩端、視不 同之方法有時係於各分割涵體皆机 笤門隔辟夕Μ⑽ 白叹置間隔壁’因此須有該 寺間JW)壁之構築、撤除作業。 【發明内容】 本發明為解決上述先前 一種使用在延伸方向兩端部 效率施工之水底隧道之構築 技藝之問題點，其目的在提供 開口之貫通型涵體，能以良好 方法。尤其是提供一種各涵趙 1337215 之沉設容易，且藉由間隔壁之削減，而能以良好效率施工 之水底隧道之構築方法。 又’本發明之另一目的在於，提供一種能將對周邊環 境之影響壓抑至最小限度之水底隧道之構築方法。 本發明至少能達成上述目的之一。 為達成上述目的，本發明之水.底随道之構築方法，係 將在延伸方向兩端利口之貫通型涵體，於水底接合於相 鄰之貫通型涵體並排列複數個；將接合複數個貫通型涵體 之涵體群的兩端部與外部水加以隔離；排出滯留於該涵體 群内部的内部水，以使該涵體群内成為氣體狀態。 ,、.、= ’本發明之水絲道之構築方法，係在延伸之水底 :道知部’接合在延伸方向兩端部開口之貫通型涵體；接 二:=該貫通型涵體構築涵體群後，將新成為水底随道 …貫通型涵體之端部與外部水加以隔離；排出滞留於 泫涵體群内部的内部水，以使該 、 $ ^ 筱砰内成為氣體狀態。 在㈣，本發明之水底随道之構築方法，係接合複數個 方向兩端部開口之貫通型涵體來構築涵體群；於該 /體群之知部接合延伸之水底隧道端部； 部與外部水隔離的狀態下，排出滯留心體群之端 使涵體群内成為氣體狀態。 ，部水，以 此處，上述任一水底隧道之構築方法中 該涵體群之構築、與排出滯留於涵體 °错由重複 延伸水底随道。 内。卜的内部水，來 又，本發明之水底随道之構築方法，係在水中相距- :::構築複數個水中構造物；在該水中構造物之間，將在 :向兩端部開口之貫通型涵體，於水底接合於相鄰之 m ϋ排列複數個；以水底随道連結該水中構造物 通化底随道之至少—部分包含接合複數個該貫通楚 的涵體群；從該水中構造物排出滯留於該涵趙群内部 ‘ π水，以使涵體群内成為氣體狀態。 ，上述任一水底随道之構築方法，於該貫通型涵 言時係以貫通型涵體端面所具備之止水材料，來進 型：體間的止水。此外，亦可在該貫通型涵體之接 口後進仃貫通型涵體間之止水。 兮井本發月之上述任一水底隨道之構築方法中，係在 涵體内側或艇幹内部設置用以獨立的確保氣體狀 入心柚於忒貫通型涵體之接合時或接合後，亦將該管接 σ於^伸方向，冷兮 管内部成為氣體二。此處涵二成為浸水狀態時，即使該 貫通型涵體内部之内：係心官表面對滯留於該 =體之開口部將該貫通型涵體内部之内: = =側T於貫通型涵體之另一開口部將外部水引至 4，據以使内部水循環。 :、本發明之水底隧道之構築方法，其具有沉設程序 -、函體.Γ亥水底隨道之構築方法所挖掘之水底設置貫通型 ::::沉設程序之前，進行挖掘水底的挖掘程序；於 之：行將設置於水底之該貫通型涵趙以該 生之挖掘土加以覆蓋的覆土程序。此處，係 9 1337215 將該挖掘程序中所挖掘之挖掘土搬送至水上的砂土搬運船 ，再從該砂土搬運船供應用來覆蓋設於水底之該貫通型涵 體的覆蓋土。又’從该砂土搬運船供應之覆蓋土，可在該 砂土搬運船上以挖掘土為原料並添加固化材料來加以製造。 【實施方式】 < 1 >貫通型涵餿 貫通型涵體1，係構成水底隧道3之構造體。在水底 接合複數個貫通型涵體1 ’據以構築水底随道3。 貫通型涵體1之涵體長，例如為20〜30m左右。本發 明所使用之貫通型涵體1，為了便於以具備起重機之起重 機船4 1吊起搬運，因此最好是能使用長度較先前之沉埋 工法所使用之涵體短者為佳。並且，視需要在水底以鋼腱 (tendon)將複數個貫通型涵體1(例如5〜7個涵體）予以連 結成一體（未圖示）。 貫通型涵體1之截面形狀，可任意選擇矩形、橢圓形 專 知·係使用圖1所不之相型涵渠（box culvert)之矩形載 面的貫通型涵體1。 貫通型涵體1之兩端具有開口而成貫通狀態。因此， 將貫通型涵體1沉入水中時’外部水22將無阻礙的浸入 内部。將複數個此種内外浸水狀態的貫通型涵體1加以連 結來構築水底隧道3。 本發明，如前所述’係將複數個於延伸方向兩端部具 有開口的貫通型涵體1在水底加以接合而構築涵體群1 〇， 將涵體群1 〇予以延伸而形成水底隧道3。因此，若僅將複 10 1337215 數個貫通型涵體丨加以接合的話，將成為在涵體群丨0内 滯留内部水21的狀態。欲將此涵體群10内滯留之内部水 排出以構築氣體狀態（air state)之水底随道3，須將涵體 群1 〇之兩端部封閉而與外部水2 2隔離。此處，作為封閉 涵體群10兩端部與外水隔離之方法，有一種係在配置於 涵體群10端部之貫通型涵體1設置間隔壁11的方法6此 間1W壁1 1，雖然可在將貫通型涵體1沉設於水底後再加以 亦了如圖3所示，僅在涵體群1〇之端部配置預 先在單側開口部設置間隔壁丨1 0具單側壁之貫通型涵體 此外，由於伸涵雜群⑺使水底料3之端部突出至水 上時’係—種可遮斷外部水22 $人的狀態，因此亦相當 於本案之與外部水22隔離（參照圖1)。 、丘斤π恧人造島等與 二卜::：2:離之水中構造…，亦相當於本案所謂之 隔離之Α “離(參照圖8)°此外，連接於與外部水22 = = 7_“’3b，32…，亦相當於本案所 與外部水22隔離（參照圖4、圖7、圖9)。 <2>止水材料（圖10 '圖U) 止水材料ό，係為提高貫通 水性而配置在貫通型涵體止2間之接合部止 接合時發揮止水性之—次止水 _ 6 ’包含在 性之二次止水㈣6b，6e。料、與接合後發揮正水 一次止水材料6a，例如係 間，面的線狀止水封〜體U彼此 f材料6a，可使用榜 1337215 膠密封（rubber seal)、塾片（gasket)等周知的止水材料。此 一次止水材料‘係在將貫通型涵體i壓接於另一貫通型 涵體1時變形而發揮止水性（參照圖10)。 二次止水材料6b’ 6c’例如係在暫時接合完成後發揮 止!±之構件。―人止水材料6b，6e，例如有在貫通型涵 體1之接合前預先安裝於端部，接合後因浸透水的作用等 ㈣脹之膨脹橡膠製的二次止水材料6b、及接合貫通型涵 體1後從内部安裝之截面Μ形之止水橡膠製二次止水材 料Μ參照圖u)。㈣以從内部安裝之二止水材料&來 進行止水時，係以潛水作業進行二次止水材料6c之安裝。 上述一次止水材料6a與二次止水材料6b，6c，可單獨使用 亦可並用。 <3>連結材料（圖 連、·°材料’係為連結貫通型涵體1，1而視需要使用。 ' 材料例如係以連結鋼棒91與一組台座9 2構成 。台j 92，係預先突裝於貫通型涵體！之外面或内面。為 了將台座92固定於貫通型涵體1，可採用將腳部埋入貫通 么‘體之方法或以基礎螺栓（anchor bolt)加以固定之方法 。又，宜於台，上92設置U ?形切口 ’以易於安裝連結鋼 棒91 〇 連結材料，係相距一間隔於貫通型涵體1之周邊方向 配置複數個。（未圖示） ° 將複數個貫通型涵體1整個以後述鋼腱93加以一體化 夺為確保導入預力（pre-stressed)前貫通型涵體1 ι門夕 12 !337215 連、”。，亦可使用鋼腱93。此場合，可在以鋼腱93將複數 個貫通型涵體1加以一體化後拆除連結材料，另作他用。 此外’亦可維持安裝狀態。 <4>鋼腱（圖19) 鋼腱9 3，係為將複數個貫通型涵體1 一體化而視需要 配置。鋼腱93，可使用週知之pc鋼線、pc鋼絞線、pc 鋼棒等。 鋼腱93，例如係插入貫通型涵體丨之底版及側壁等軀 幹内。卩所0又之套管（sheath)。套管，係配置於貫通型涵體土 之貫通方向、亦即配置於軸方向。 又，將鋼腱93及套管配置在軀幹外部來賦予張拉力。 [實施例1 ] 以下，參照圖1說明本發明之實施例1。 <1>涵體製作 貫通型涵體1，係在陸地上的預鑄場製作。 於預鑄場設有例如利用流體壓力之水力搬運設備 (water caster)或滾子輸送機等的移送裝置。並依序以貫通 型涵體1之底版、側壁、頂版的流程製作。此時，若採用 將先製作之貫通型涵豸丨t端部4乍為模板來製作下一個貫 通型涵體1的接合鑄造（matchcast)方式的話即能以良好 的精度製作接合部。 製成之貫通型涵體1，以具備起重機之起重機船4ι吊 起搬運至目的地。至沉設地點之運送，可將貫通型涵體】 裝載於起重機船4丨來加以搬運，亦可在以起重機吊起的 13 1337215 於沉設貫通型涵體1後，在貫通型涵體1下部灌入基 礎砂聚等而完成基礎3 1。 依序連結貫通型涵體1後，當由連結複數個貫通型涵 體 1 1 1 ’ ’，…之涵體群10所構成之水底隧道3的兩端部突 出至水上時’外部水22即停止浸入水底隧道3内部，水 底隧道3之端部與外部水22隔離。於此狀態下，一次排 出滯留在水底隧道3内部之内部水2丨的話，即暫時完成 氣體狀態之水底隧道3。 於進行排水時，必須確認排水後之貫通型涵體丨之視 匕重疋否為無浮起之安定比重。例如，若設安定比重為 視比重的1，05以上時，則須確認貫通型涵體i本身重量及 内部所配置之構件的重量，除以貫通型涵# !外形之體積 ^值是否在1 〇5以上。若未達安定重量的話即設置水 壓载(讀r balUst)、錠(ing〇t)、&進行後述覆土等使水底 隧道3達到安定重量。 如前所述，採用此方式，亦即，於水底随道3之構築Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-178990 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-257091. However, the construction method of the underwater tunnel using the conventional body has the following problems. < 1 > When constructing a new underwater tunnel adjacent to an existing underwater tunnel, the slave temporarily sets up a long and large buried culvert, which will inevitably avoid the influence on the existing underwater channel. For large-scale buried culverts, large-scale excavation must be carried out. '& Large-scale excavation sometimes causes existing buried culverts to be slammed. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out excavation after applying some precautionary measures to the existing underwater tunnel. <2> In the prior method, the buried culvert system was partitioned by a hud. Since the partition wall is a temporary structure to be removed after being placed, it is not possible to set as much as possible to improve the workability. In the autumn, in the previous method, because of the burial of the ancient 〃 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少 至少Therefore, the construction and removal operation of the JW wall of the temple must be carried out. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problem of the construction technique of a submerged tunnel using efficiency at both ends in the extension direction, and the object thereof is to provide an opening. The through-type culvert can be a good method. In particular, it provides a method for constructing a submerged tunnel which is easy to install and which can be constructed with good efficiency by reducing the partition wall. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a submerged tunnel capable of suppressing the influence on the surrounding environment to a minimum. The present invention achieves at least one of the above objects. To achieve the above object, the construction of the water and bottom channel of the present invention The method comprises the step of forming a through-type body at the two ends of the extending direction, joining the adjacent through-type culverts at the bottom of the water, and arranging a plurality of the plurality of through-type culverts; Both ends of the body group of the body are separated from the external water; the internal water retained in the inside of the group is discharged to make the inside of the group become a gas state. , , , = 'The water channel of the present invention The construction method is based on the bottom of the extension: the Daozhi Department 'joining the through-type culverts that are open at both ends in the extension direction; and the second: = the through-type culverts to construct the culvert group, which will become a new underwater channel... The end portion of the through-type culvert is isolated from the external water; the internal water retained in the dam body group is discharged to make the inside of the 泫 体 body group into a gas state. (4) The method for constructing the underwater bottom channel of the present invention a penetrating body that is joined at both ends in a plurality of directions to construct a group of culverts; at the end of the underwater tunnel where the knowing portion of the body group is joined; and when the portion is isolated from the external water, the stagnation body is discharged The end of the group makes the inside of the culvert group a gas state. In the construction method of any of the above-mentioned underwater tunnels, the construction and the discharge of the culvert group are retained in the culvert. Inside. Bu's internal water, come again, this The method for constructing a submarine channel according to the invention is to construct a plurality of underwater structures in the water - ::: to construct a through-type body that is open to both ends in the underwater structure, and is joined to the bottom of the water. The adjacent m ϋ is arranged in plurality; the bottom of the channel is connected with at least one part of the channel of the underwater structure with the bottom of the water; the part comprises a plurality of culvert groups which are connected to the Chu; and the structure is discharged from the water The internal 'π water is used to make the inside of the culvert group a gas state. The method for constructing any of the above-mentioned underwater bottoms is based on the water-stopping material provided on the end surface of the through-type culvert. In addition, it is also possible to prevent water from entering between the through-type culverts after the interface of the through-type culverts. In the construction method of any of the above-mentioned underwater bottoms of the 兮井本发月, in the culvert The inside or the inside of the boat is arranged to ensure the gas-like filling of the pomelo into the through-type body or after the joint, and the tube is also connected to the σ direction, and the inside of the cold tube becomes the gas two. When the culvert is in the immersed state, even if the inside of the penetrating culvert is inside: the eccentric surface of the culvert is in the interior of the penetrating culvert that is retained in the opening of the body: = = side T in the through culvert The other opening of the body directs the external water to 4, thereby circulating the internal water. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to the present invention has a set-up procedure of a submerged---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Procedure; in this: the through-type culvert that will be placed at the bottom of the water is covered by the excavated soil of the birth. Here, the system 9 1337215 transports the excavated soil excavated in the excavation process to the sand carrier on the water, and supplies the covering soil for covering the through-type body provided on the bottom of the water from the sand carrier. Further, the cover soil supplied from the sand carrier can be manufactured by using the excavated soil as a raw material and adding a solidified material to the sand carrier. [Embodiment] <1 > Through-type cullet The through-type culvert 1 constitutes a structure of the underwater tunnel 3. A plurality of through-type culverts 1' are joined to the bottom of the water to construct a submarine. The length of the culvert of the through-type body 1 is, for example, about 20 to 30 m. The through-type body 1 used in the present invention is preferably used for lifting and transporting the crane boat 4 1 having a crane. Therefore, it is preferable to use a shorter length than the body used in the previous buried method. Further, a plurality of through-type hulls 1 (e.g., 5 to 7 culverts) are integrally joined to each other by a steel raft (tendon) as needed (not shown). The cross-sectional shape of the through-type culvert 1 can be arbitrarily selected from a rectangular shape and an elliptical shape. The through-type culvert 1 of a rectangular slab having a box culvert as shown in Fig. 1 can be used. Both ends of the through-type body 1 have an opening and are in a through state. Therefore, when the through-type body 1 is sunk into the water, the external water 22 is immersed in the interior without any hindrance. A plurality of such through-type hulls 1 in which the inside and outside are immersed in water are connected to each other to construct the underwater tunnel 3. According to the present invention, as described above, a plurality of through-type hulls 1 having openings at both end portions in the extending direction are joined to each other to form a cullet group 1 〇, and the culvert group 1 〇 is extended to form a bottom tunnel. 3. Therefore, if only a plurality of through-type dams 复 10 1337215 are joined, the internal water 21 is retained in the cullet group 丨 0. To drain the internal water retained in the group 10 to construct the bottom of the air state, the ends of the group 1 are closed and separated from the external water 2 2 . Here, as a method of isolating the both ends of the closed culvert group 10 from the external water, there is a method 6 in which the partition rib 1 disposed at the end of the culvert group 10 is provided with the partition wall 11 and the 1W wall 1 1 Although the through-type body 1 is placed on the bottom of the water and then placed as shown in Fig. 3, only the end portion of the group of culverts 1 is disposed in front of the one-side opening, and the partition wall is provided with a single side wall. In addition, since the extension culvert (7) causes the end of the underwater material 3 to protrude to the water, the genus can block the state of the outer water 22, and thus is equivalent to the external water 22 in this case. (Refer to Figure 1). , Qiu Jin π 恧 artificial island and so on: 2:: 2: from the water structure ..., is also equivalent to the so-called isolation of the case Α "off (refer to Figure 8) ° In addition, connected to the external water 22 = = 7_ "'3b, 32... is also equivalent to the isolation of external water 22 in this case (see Figures 4, 7, and 9). <2> Water-stopping material (Fig. 10'Fig. U) The water-stopping material ό is a water-stopping material that is placed in the joint between the penetrating culverts and the joints of the penetrating culverts. 'Included in the second stop of sex (four) 6b, 6e. After the material and the bonding, the water-repellent primary water-stopping material 6a is used, for example, the linear water-stopping of the surface, the body U and the material f of the body 6a, and the rubber seal, the gasket, etc. can be used. Known water stop material. This primary water stop material is deformed to cause water repellency when the through-type body i is crimped to the other through-type body 1 (see Fig. 10). The secondary water stop material 6b' 6c' is, for example, a member that functions as a ? after the temporary joining is completed. The human water-stopping materials 6b and 6e are, for example, pre-attached to the end portion before the joining of the penetrating-type body 1, and are subjected to the action of water permeation after joining, etc. (4) The secondary water-stopping material 6b made of expanded rubber which is expanded, and the joint Refer to Figure u) for the secondary water stop material made of water-stopping rubber of the cross-section shape which is installed from the inside after the penetrating type body 1. (4) When the water is stopped by the water-stopping material & installed in the interior, the installation of the secondary water-stopping material 6c is performed by the diving operation. The primary water stop material 6a and the secondary water stop material 6b, 6c may be used singly or in combination. <3> The connecting material (the connecting material, the "material" is used to connect the through-type culverts 1, 1 and is used as needed. The material is, for example, a connecting steel bar 91 and a set of pedestals 9 2 . In order to fix the pedestal 92 to the penetrating culvert 1 in advance, it is possible to fix the pedestal 92 to the penetrating culvert 1 or to fix it by means of a body or by an anchor bolt. In addition, it is preferable to set a U-shaped slit in the upper 92 to facilitate the attachment of the connecting steel bar 91 〇 connecting material, and a plurality of them are arranged at a distance from the periphery of the through-type culvert 1 (not shown). ° The plurality of through-type culverts 1 are integrated into the steel shovel 93, which will be described later, to ensure that the pre-stressed pre-stressed tangential body 1 337 夕 12 12 ! 337 215 connection, ".腱93. In this case, the plurality of through-type culverts 1 can be integrated by the steel shovel 93, and the connecting material can be removed and used for other purposes. In addition, the mounting state can be maintained. <4> Steel 腱 (Fig. 19 ) Steel 腱 9 3 is to integrate a plurality of through-type culverts 1 as needed Steel 腱 93, can use well-known pc steel wire, pc steel strand, pc steel bar, etc. Steel 腱 93, for example, is inserted into the trunk of the through-type culvert and the side wall and other body. The casing is disposed in the through direction of the penetrating culvert soil, that is, in the axial direction. Further, the steel sill 93 and the sleeve are disposed outside the trunk to provide a tensile force. [Example 1] Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 1. <1> The body-made through-type culvert 1 is produced on the land in the field. The hydraulic conveying device using fluid pressure is provided in the market. (water caster) or a transfer device such as a roller conveyor. It is also produced in the order of the bottom plate, the side wall, and the top plate of the through-type culvert 1. In this case, if the first type of through-type culvert t-end is used When the joint casting method of the next through-type culvert 1 is used as the stencil, the joint portion can be produced with good precision. The formed through-type culvert 1 is hoisted by a crane ship 4ι equipped with a crane. Handling to the destination. To the place of the place, you can pass through The hull is carried by the crane ship 4 丨 to carry it, or after the penetrating through-type culvert 1 is suspended by the crane 13 1337215, the foundation sand is filled in the lower part of the penetrating culvert 1 to complete the foundation 3 1. When the through-type body 1 is connected in sequence, when both ends of the underwater tunnel 3 composed of the culvert group 10 connecting the plurality of through-type hulls 1 1 1 '', ... protrude to the water, 'external water 22, the immersion into the underwater tunnel 3 is stopped, and the end of the underwater tunnel 3 is isolated from the external water 22. In this state, when the internal water remaining inside the underwater tunnel 3 is discharged once, the underwater tunnel 3 is temporarily completed. . When draining, it is necessary to confirm whether the weight of the through-type culvert after drainage is the stable specific gravity without floating. For example, if the stability specific gravity is 1,05 or more, the weight of the through-type culvert i itself and the weight of the member placed inside must be checked, and the volume of the through-type culvert #! 〇 5 or more. If the weight is not reached, the water ballast (read r balUst), the ingot (ing〇t), and the underlying soil are placed so that the underwater tunnel 3 reaches a stable weight. As mentioned above, in this way, that is, in the construction of the water channel 3
中維持内部水2 1滞留於涵辦继i Λ + A π θ π涵體群10内部的狀態，完成連結 後暫時排出内部水21的方法，即能將構築中之水底隨道3 以安定的狀態沉設於水底。也就是說，由於從涵體群10 提前進行排水，即意謂須提前確保涵體群⑺t安定重量 :因此麼載之追加及以覆土掩埋之時機亦將受到嚴格的限 。相對於此，在某種程度之浸水狀態下延伸水底随道3 時’由於壓載之追加及以覆土掩埋之時機有較大自由度， 因此能以較佳的效率進行施工。 15 1337215 [實施例2] 以下，參邱fgj， π 、、圖2、圖3說明本發明之實施例2。又，此 處省略其他實施例φ十七冰Arr、 n W节之記載部分的說明。 <1>涵體群之構築 水底隧道3，S!fe-r, 雖可如實施例1之說明般，一直延伸至 端部突出於水上而Λ & & ^ , 工而成為與外部水22隔離的狀態，但亦可 於既疋間隔叹置間隔壁"，以進行階段性的構築。 例如，如圖2所示，將連結了複數個貫通型涵體丨，i， 1，1，1之涵體群1〇的兩端以間隔壁u，u加以封閉，遮 斷外部水22 I，排出内部水21，而能使任意涵群1〇之一 4刀獨立的成為氣體狀態。此時之内部水2 1 ’可排至先 削構築完成之水底隧道3，亦可在涵體群丨〇之一部分設置 口部，從該開口部連接一排水管至水上來進行排水。 設有間隔壁11之具單側壁之貫通型涵體u，例如係 每隔水底隧道之長度100〜150m之間隔配置。 <2>涵體群之一體化 將連結複數個貫通型涵體丨之涵體群1 〇以鋼腱93加 以一體化時，例如係以每5〜7個涵體進行一體化作業。 首先，以貫穿涵體群10之方式將鋼腱93插入設於軀 幹内。卩之套管。一般而言，套管係相距一間隔在貫通型涵 體1之周邊方向配複數個。 鋼腱9 3，係從與涵體群10相鄰之水底隧道3所設之 疋著部朝向另一定著部插入（未圖示）。如此，即能將欲 加以一體化之涵體群1〇連接於相鄰水底隧道3之端部。 16 1337215 亦即，張拉鋼腱93而一次將預力導入涵體群1 〇使其一體 化時’由於該鋼腱93之定著部係設在相鄰水底隧道3之 端部，因此能同時將涵體群10與水底隧道3加以一體化 〇 此外’在完成貫通型涵體1之一體化後視需要撤除連 結鋼棒91。僅以鋼腱93來連結涵體群1 〇時，可作為一因 應不等沉陷及地震時等的柔軟構造。 [實施例3] 以下，參照圖4〜圖6說明本發明之實施例2。又，此 處省略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明。 實施例3 ’係於延伸之水底隧道3a，3b前端，連結複 數個貫通型涵體1，以進一步延伸水底隧道3之實施例。 此處，水底隧道3a係代表從水上慢慢延伸至深度較深之水 底的隧道，水底隧道3b則係代表從水底或地底延伸而來 的隧道。又，延伸而來的水底隧道3a，3b不一定須以貫通 型涵體1構築’使用推進隨道工法、盾式開黎法 '或習知 沉埋涵工法等各種随道構築方法皆可。 延伸而來之水底隧道3前端，如圖4所示，可使用間 隔壁u來隔離外部水22，亦可如圖5所示不作任何的密 心在水底隧道3a’ 3b之前端連結複數個貫通型涵體】後 ’在新成為水底㈣3前端之涵體群1G端部設置間隔壁 11。間隔g 11，可藉由使用具單側壁之貫通型涵體u來 作為配置在涵體群10前端部之涵體而加以實現。 然後，將涵體群1G内之内部水21朝向水底隨道％ 17 1337215 儿内排出，即能使涵體群1〇内成為氣體狀態。接著，反 覆進仃在涵體群l〇a之前端再構築涵體群1〇b、貫通型函 體1之連結工程 '涵體群10a，1〇b單位之排水工程即= 進一步的延伸出水底隧道3(參照圖6)。 把 [實施例4] 以下，參照圖7說明本發明之實施例4。又此處 略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明^ ' 實施例3中，係說明藉由在延伸而來的水底随道3前 端構築涵體群10，而進—步延伸水底隧道3之實施例’ ^ k例4 ’則係說明水底㈣3到達已構築在水底之涵 1 〇的實施例。 貫施例4，係在水底之任 必w 1讲外複数個貫通型涵 體1，來構築涵體群10。然後，朝向所構築之涵體群 延伸水底隧道3。該延伸之水底隧道3之構築方法，如實 施你"之敘述’採用何種方法皆可…由於將水底随道 3之前端部連結於涵體群10之端部，而能使函體群ι〇之 端部與外部水22隔離，因此可*在涵體群1()設置間隔壁 Η。當水底隧道3到達涵體群1〇後，將内部水21排至水 底隧道3c内，即能使涵體群丨〇成為氣體狀態。 [實施例5] 以下，參照圖8、圖9說明本發明之實施例5。又，此 處省略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明。 實施例5,係將登井5a、人造島、隧道等水中構造物 5之間，使用貫通型涵體丨來加以連結的實施例。 18 1337215 圖8 ’係顯示在預先構築的二個豎井5a，5b之間，排 列複數個貫通型涵體丨將二個豎丼5a，5b加以連結之狀態 的圖。將複數個貫通型涵體i加以連結構築之水底隧道3d 内之内部水21，可排至豎井5a，51^此外，可於豎井5a， 5 b連結以各種方法構築之水底随道3 e。 又，圖9，係顯示將用以連結豎井5a, 5b間之水底隧 道3的一部分，以貫通型涵體i加以構築之實施例的圖。 如圖所不，用以連結豎井5a，5b間之水底隧道3之全體並 不一定須以貫通型涵體i來加以構築，而與其他水底隧道 之構築方法組合來連結豎井5a，5b之間即可。 [實施例6] 以下，參照圖12、圖13說明本發明之實施例6。又， 此處省略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明。 本發明’由於係使用貫通型涵冑1來構築水底隧道3 ，故内部水21會暫時滯留在涵體群1〇内。因此，亦會產 生僅能以潛水方式進入涵體# 1〇内、或滯留之内部水Μ 水質惡化等的問題。特別是維持内部纟21滯留的狀態到 將水底隧道3延伸至兩端突出於水上的情形時，内部水 會長期滯留在水底随道3内。因此’可在貫通型涵體！内 己置官道7’以獨立於滞留内部纟2ι之涵體群"，而 確保氣體狀態"先成為氣體狀態之管冑7，可用作為檢視 路輕、氣體供應路徑等》 *例如，係在沉設之貫通型涵體！内部贱安裝管道以 。管道73之截面形狀可任意選擇圓形、矩形，其大小亦可 1337215 視使用目的來任意的設定。 地J〇 L 1 j如作為檢視路徑時，以能 確保作業員71通行之大小、 „ . 且於&道7a之壁面設置窗戶 及出入口較佳。此外，若僅 ^ 係將軋體72供應至内部水21 的活’管徑可較小。 安裝於貫通型涵體1之昝 '蓄 ® 1之S道7a，可在貫通型涵體1，1 彼此之接合時，同時加以遠沾， 運、、Ό 亦可在涵體之連結後加以 連結。此外，如圖13所千，介-Γ V 土 ^ 亦可在連結後將連續之管道 7 b插入水底隧道3内。圖η，在舶_ +伙 ^ 係·"具不在官道7b表面開設 複數個孔’將通過管道7b供庫之介名望从尸邮 世厲 < 二軋荨的氣體72供應至 内部水21，以維持水曾的站能 々a* ， 声幵不質的狀態。軋體72之供應，在配置 作為檢視路徑之管冑7時亦可實施，例如，可於管道7安 裝防逆閥’以内部纟21不至浸人管道7内部之方式供應 氣體72。 將管道7用作為檢視路徑時，可藉由氣體測試來確認 連結複數個貫通型涵體1之已完成部分。 [實施例7] 以下，參照圖14說明本發明之實施例7。又，此處省 略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明。 實施例6 ’係說明藉由將氣體72供應至内部水2ι據 以維持水質之實施例，實施例7則係說明使内部水2丨揭 環來維持水質之實施例。 此實施例中’必須在水底随道3至少開設二個開口部 12a，12b。一開口部12a係用來將内部水21排出至外部水 22側的開口部，可開設在貫通型涵體i之頂部或側辟。 人 20 1337215 ’最好是能在排出用開 出内部水21。 部12a安裝排水泵等 來強制排 乃一開口邵l2b，係 係用來將外部水22引至内部太 21側所設。可將設在最 水 破知邛之貫通型涵體〗開口 開口部12b來使用。兔τ你m, 丨卞马 ."，了使滯留在水底隧道3内之内部水 21廣泛的循環，開口邹12 2a，12b且刀別設在滯留之内部水 2 1的兩端部附近。 [實施例8] 以下’參照圖丨5〜圖n 圆丨/況明本發明之實施例8。又， 此處省略其他實施例中之記載部分的說明。 <1〉水底隧道3之回填 以上述實施例構築之水底隧道3，一般而言，係以回 填土 8加以覆土。實施例8中，詳細說明此回填土 8之覆 土0 圖1 5，係以疏浚船42所挖掘之挖掘土來覆蓋構築後 之水底隧道3的實施例。此方法在所挖掘之地盤優良，適 合作為回填土 8a之情形時採用之。若能直接利用所挖掘之 挖掘土的話，由於不需暫時堆置’因此可連續進行挖掘、 回填作業。此外，亦不需要挖掘土之處理費用。 圖16，係顯示將所挖掘之挖掘土暫時裝載於水面的砂 土搬運船43，之後，慢慢回填至構築完成之水底隧道3的 圖。 藉由在水底隧道3之浸水狀態下進行覆土（含後述使用 改良土之情形等），則不需在水底隧道3另行追加壓載亦能 21 1337215 :保安定重量…卜，在追加壓載時，亦僅需追加減去回 道土 8之重量份的壓載，因此較為經濟，亦能確保水底随 3之較寬敞的内空間。亦即，將以覆土確保安定重量之 :底随道3之内部水21予以暫時排出，水底隧道3亦不 β〉子起而能以安定的狀態設置在水底。 挖掘土的改良 構築水底隧道3之水底的砂土，多較軟而不適合直接 作為回填土 8。因此，可在砂土搬運船43上將挖掘土加以 改良來作為回填土 8b。此處，將用來改良砂土之砂土搬運 船43稱為砂土改良船44。 砂土改良船44’係用以將挖掘土改良成可再生利用之 材料的設備船(plant barge)。於砂土改良船料，將疏浚船 42所挖掘的挖掘土、與水泥等之固化材料加以混合以製^ 改良土。此改良土，係用來作為用以填埋水底隧道3之回 填土肋。例如，將疏液之挖掘土投入砂土改良船44之斗 部44丨’再將添加固化材料製造出之改良土，透過砂土改 良船44所裝備之特密管咖⑽等之排出裝置， 才又至水底隧道3之上方以作為回填土 ^。砂土改良船44 ，最好是能配合水底隧道3之構築而移動。 其結果，即能將it常作為產業廢棄物而處理掉之較軟 的挖掘土加以再生利用。此外，’亦有助於垃圾的減量及資 源的有效利用’對地球環境的保護是非常有效的。又，由 於能將挖掘土作相填± 8b加以利用，因此亦能削減費 用再者右月t«立刻利用改良土的話，由於不需要暫存改 22 1337215 良土’因此不需要採用大規模的砂土改良船44。 本發明之水底隧道之構築方法，由於係以上述方式構 成’因此能獲得下列效果。 < 1 >由於係使用貫通型涵體，因此沉設容易。又，由 於水底隧道之構築後能將不需要的間隔壁數量壓低至最小 限度，因此能進行高效率的施工，亦能削減工程費用。 <2>藉由小型貫通型涵體之沉設並在水底加以連結， 因此能將對水底周邊環境之影響壓低至最小限度。 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 第1 ®，係本發明之水底道之構築方法之實施例1 第2圖 的說明圖。 係本發明之水底隧道之構築方法之實施例 體圖 第3圖，係貫通型涵體與具單面壁涵體之實施例的 立 的說L4。圖，係本發明之水㈣道之構築方法之實施例 施例3令將内部水—次排 第5圖，係顯示實 例的說明圖。 八併出之實施 第6圖| 月E - 型涵體 隧道之實 係顯不實施例3中藉由反覆 之連結、涵體敌留/ 復進仃貫通 單位之排水程序，據以 施例的說明圖 第7圖， 的說明圖。 你丨的說明阁_ 甲水底 係本發明之水底随道之構築方法之實施例4 23 1337215 第8圖，係本發明之水底隧道之構築方法之實施例5 的說明圖。 第9圖，顯示實施例5中以貫通型涵體來構築用以連 結豎井間之水底隧道之一部分的說明圖。 第10圖，係顯示一次止水材料之實施例的說明圖。 第11圖，係顯示二次止水材料之實施例的說明圖。 第12圖，係本發明之水底隧道之構築方法之實施例6 的說明圖。 第1 3圖，係顯示實施例6中氣體供應路之實施例的說 明圖。 第14圖’係本發明之水底隧道之構築方法之實施例7 的說明圖。 第1 5圖’係本發明之水底隧道之構築方法之實施例8 的說明圖。 第1 ό圖’係顯示第8實施例中使用砂土搬運船之實施 例的說明圖。 第17圖’係顯示第8實施例中使用砂土改良船之實施 例的說明圖。 第1 8圖’係顯示連結材料之實施例的說明圖。 第19圖’係顯示鋼腱之實施例的說明圖。 第20圖，係顯示配置樁基礎時之實施例的說明圖。 (>)元件代表符號 1 貫通型涵體 1 a 具單側壁之貫通型涵體 24 1337215 2 水中構造物 3 水底隧道 5a, 5b 豎井 6a 一次止水材料 6b, 6c 二次止水材料 7 管道 8, 8b 回填土 10 涵體群 11 間隔壁 12 開口部 21 内部水 22 外部水 32 基礎格 41 起重機船 42 疏浚船 43 砂土搬運船 44 砂土改良船 71 作業員 72 氣體 91 連結鋼棒 92 台座 93 鋼腱 441 斗部 442 特密管 25In the middle, the internal water 2 1 is retained in the state of the i Λ + A π θ π culvert group 10, and the internal water 21 is temporarily discharged after the connection is completed, so that the underwater bottom can be stabilized with the channel 3 The state is set at the bottom of the water. That is to say, since the drainage is carried out in advance from the group of culverts 10, it means that the weight of the body group (7) is to be ensured in advance: therefore, the timing of the addition of the load and the time of covering the soil will be severely restricted. On the other hand, when the water bottom is extended to a certain extent in a state of immersion in water to a certain extent, the addition of ballast and the timing of burying the soil cover have a large degree of freedom, so that construction can be performed with better efficiency. 15 1337215 [Embodiment 2] Hereinafter, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to Qiu fgj, π, and Figs. 2 and 3. Here, the description of the description of the other embodiments φ seventeen Arrr and n W sections is omitted here. <1> The construction of the underwater tunnel 3, S!fe-r, as described in the first embodiment, extends until the end protrudes from the water and Λ && The water 22 is isolated, but it can also be slanted at intervals. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, both ends of the culvert group 1〇 to which a plurality of through-type culverts 丨, i, 1, 1, 1 are connected are closed by partition walls u, u, and the external water 22 I is blocked. The internal water 21 is discharged, and one of the four knives of any culvert can be independently made into a gas state. At this time, the internal water 2 1 ' can be discharged to the underwater tunnel 3 which is completed by cutting, or a mouth portion can be provided in one of the body groups, and a drain pipe is connected to the water from the opening to drain. The through-type ribs u having the single side walls of the partition walls 11 are disposed, for example, at intervals of 100 to 150 m in length of the underwater tunnel. <2> Integration of the cullet group When the culvert group 1 in which a plurality of through-type culverts are connected is integrated with the steel shovel 93, for example, it is integrated every 5 to 7 culverts. First, the reed 93 is inserted into the trunk so as to penetrate the culvert group 10.套管 套管 sleeve. In general, the casings are arranged in a plurality of intervals from the periphery of the through-type body 1 at a distance. The steel sill 9 3 is inserted from the squat portion provided in the underwater tunnel 3 adjacent to the cullet group 10 toward the other fixed portion (not shown). In this way, the group of dies that are to be integrated can be connected to the end of the adjacent underwater tunnel 3. 16 1337215 That is, when Zhang Lagang 腱 93 and once the pre-force is introduced into the culvert group 1 〇 to integrate it, 'Because the fixed portion of the gang 93 is located at the end of the adjacent underwater tunnel 3, At the same time, the cullet group 10 and the underwater tunnel 3 are integrated. Further, after the integration of the through-type culverts 1 is completed, the connecting steel bars 91 are removed as needed. When the shovel group 1 is connected only by the steel shovel 93, it can be used as a soft structure that does not wait for sinking and earthquakes. [Embodiment 3] Hereinafter, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 4 to 6 . Further, the description of the portions in the other embodiments is omitted here. [Embodiment 3] An embodiment in which a plurality of through-type culverts 1 are joined to the front end of the extended underwater tunnels 3a, 3b to further extend the underwater tunnel 3. Here, the underwater tunnel 3a represents a tunnel that slowly extends from the water to the deeper bottom of the water, and the underwater tunnel 3b represents a tunnel extending from the bottom or the ground. Further, the extended underwater tunnels 3a and 3b do not necessarily have to be constructed by the through-type culverts 1 and can be constructed by using various methods such as the propulsion method, the shield type method, or the conventional buried method. Extending the front end of the underwater tunnel 3, as shown in Fig. 4, the partition wall u can be used to isolate the external water 22, or as shown in Fig. 5, without any timidity, the plurality of through ends are connected at the front end of the underwater tunnel 3a' 3b. The type of the body] is provided with a partition wall 11 at the end of the 1G culvert group at the front end of the new water bottom (four) 3 . The interval g11 can be realized by using a through-type body u having a single side wall as a body disposed at the front end portion of the body group 10. Then, the internal water 21 in the cullet group 1G is discharged toward the bottom of the water with the channel 17 1737215, that is, the inside of the cullet group 1 can be made into a gas state. Then, the culvert group 1〇b and the connection type of the through-type body 1 are connected to the front end of the culvert group l〇a, and the culvert group 10a, the drainage project of the unit 即b is further extended. Underwater tunnel 3 (refer to Figure 6). [Embodiment 4] Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 7 . Here, the description of the description of the other embodiments will be omitted. In the third embodiment, the implementation of the underwater tunnel 3 is further extended by constructing the cullet group 10 at the front end of the extended water channel 3. The example ' ^ k case 4 ' illustrates an embodiment in which the bottom (4) 3 reaches the culvert that has been constructed at the bottom of the water. According to the fourth embodiment, it is necessary to construct a corpus group 10 by using a plurality of through-type culverts 1 at the bottom of the water. Then, the underwater tunnel 3 is extended toward the constructed culvert group. The method of constructing the extended underwater tunnel 3, as described in the description of 'the implementation of the method', can be achieved by connecting the front end of the water channel 3 to the end of the body group 10, thereby enabling the functional group The end of the ι〇 is isolated from the external water 22, so the partition wall 设置 can be set in the cullet group 1 (). When the underwater tunnel 3 reaches the culvert group 1 , the internal water 21 is discharged into the underwater tunnel 3c, so that the lumps are in a gaseous state. [Embodiment 5] Hereinafter, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. Further, the description of the portions in the other embodiments is omitted here. In the fifth embodiment, an embodiment in which the underwater structures 5 such as the well 5a, the artificial island, and the tunnel are connected by using the through-type culverts is used. 18 1337215 Fig. 8' is a view showing a state in which a plurality of penetrating culverts are arranged between two vertical shafts 5a, 5b which are pre-constructed, and two mullions 5a, 5b are connected. The internal water 21 in the underwater tunnel 3d, which is connected to the plurality of through-type culverts i, can be discharged to the shafts 5a, 51. In addition, the bottoms 3 e can be constructed by various methods in the shafts 5a, 5b. Further, Fig. 9 is a view showing an embodiment in which a part of the underwater tunnel 3 for connecting the vertical shafts 5a, 5b is constructed by the through-type culverts i. As shown in the figure, the entire bottom tunnel 3 for connecting the shafts 5a, 5b does not necessarily have to be constructed by the through-type culverts i, but is combined with other underwater tunnel construction methods to connect the shafts 5a, 5b. Just fine. [Embodiment 6] Hereinafter, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 12 and 13 . In addition, the description of the part in the other embodiment is omitted here. In the present invention, since the underwater tunnel 3 is constructed by using the through-type culvert 1, the internal water 21 temporarily stays in the cullet group 1〇. Therefore, there is also a problem that the water quality of the internal water can only be entered into the culvert #1 潜水, or the internal water stagnation is degraded. In particular, when the internal enthalpy 21 is maintained in a state in which the underwater tunnel 3 is extended until both ends protrude from the water, the internal water is retained in the underwater channel 3 for a long time. Therefore, it can be in the through-type body! The inside of the official road 7' is independent of the entangled internal 纟2ι 涵 群 , , , , , , 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 确保 * * * * Attached to the through-type body! Internally install the pipe to . The cross-sectional shape of the pipe 73 can be arbitrarily selected as a circle or a rectangle, and its size can also be arbitrarily set depending on the purpose of use. When the ground point J 1 L 1 j is used as the inspection route, it is preferable to provide the size of the operator 71, and to provide a window and an entrance and exit on the wall surface of the & road 7a. Further, if only the rolling body 72 is supplied The diameter of the inner water 21 can be small. The S road 7a attached to the through-type culvert 1 can be used for the simultaneous penetration of the through-type hulls 1,1. Transport, and Ό can also be connected after the connection of the culverts. In addition, as shown in Figure 13, the 介-Γ V soil ^ can also be inserted into the underwater tunnel 3 after the connection. Figure η, in _ _ _ ^ ^ · · quot; has a number of holes in the surface of the official road 7b 'will be through the pipeline 7b for the library of the name of the corpse from the corpse of the second & 荨 gas to the internal water 21 to maintain The water station can be 々a*, and the hoarseness is not good. The supply of the rolling body 72 can also be implemented when the pipe 作为 7 is used as the inspection path. For example, the anti-reverse valve can be installed in the pipe 7 for internal 纟21 The gas 72 is supplied in a manner that does not immerse the inside of the pipe 7. When the pipe 7 is used as a viewing path, it can be confirmed by a gas test. The completed portion of the plurality of through-type bodies 1 is connected. [Embodiment 7] Hereinafter, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 14. Here, the description of the portions in the other embodiments will be omitted. 'Description of an example in which the gas 72 is supplied to the internal water to maintain the water quality, and the seventh embodiment is an example in which the internal water is removed to maintain the water quality. In this embodiment, 'it must be carried out under the water. At least two opening portions 12a and 12b are formed in the channel 3. The opening portion 12a is for discharging the internal water 21 to the opening portion on the side of the external water 22, and can be opened at the top or side of the through-type body i. Person 20 1337215 'It is preferable to open the internal water 21 for discharge. The part 12a is installed with a drain pump or the like to forcibly discharge the opening shaft l2b, and the system is used to guide the external water 22 to the inside of the inner side 21 side. The most water-breaking through-type culverts are used in the opening portion 12b. The rabbit τ you m, 丨卞马.", the internal circulation of the internal water 21 that is retained in the underwater tunnel 3, the opening of the 12 12a , 12b and the knife is placed near the two ends of the retained internal water 2 1 . (Embodiment 8) Hereinafter, the embodiment 8 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 5 to 5, and the description of the portions of the other embodiments is omitted here. <1> Backfilling of the underwater tunnel 3 The underwater tunnel 3 constructed in the above embodiment is generally covered with backfill soil 8. In the eighth embodiment, the overburden soil of the backfill 8 is illustrated in detail. Figure 15 is the excavated soil excavated by the dredging vessel 42. An embodiment of the underwater tunnel 3 after the construction is constructed. This method is excellent in the excavated site and is suitable for use as a backfill 8a. If the excavated soil excavated can be directly used, it can be continuously excavated and backfilled because it does not need to be temporarily stacked. In addition, there is no need to excavate the cost of processing the soil. Fig. 16 is a view showing a sand carrier ship 43 in which excavated soil is temporarily loaded on the surface of the water, and then slowly backfilled to the constructed underwater tunnel 3. By covering the soil in the submerged state of the underwater tunnel 3 (including the case where the improved soil is used later), it is not necessary to add a ballast to the underwater tunnel 3, and it is also possible to provide a weight of 21 1337215: It is also only necessary to add the ballast of the weight of the returning earth 8 to be more economical, and it can also ensure the spacious inner space of the bottom of the water. That is, the weight of the soil is ensured to ensure the stability of the water: the internal water 21 at the bottom is temporarily discharged, and the underwater tunnel 3 is not set to be in a stable state. Improvement of excavated soil The sand at the bottom of the underwater tunnel 3 is soft and not suitable for direct backfilling. Therefore, the excavated soil can be modified on the sand carrier 43 as the backfill 8b. Here, the sand handling vessel 43 for improving the sand is referred to as a sand improving vessel 44. The sand improvement ship 44' is a plant barge for improving the excavated soil into a recyclable material. In the sand improvement ship material, the excavated soil excavated by the dredging ship 42 and the solidified material such as cement are mixed to make the improved soil. This improved soil is used as a backfill rib for filling the underwater tunnel 3. For example, the lyophobic excavation soil is put into the bucket portion 44' of the sand improvement vessel 44, and the modified soil produced by adding the solidified material is passed through the discharge device of the special pipe coffee (10) equipped by the sand improvement ship 44, It is again above the underwater tunnel 3 as a backfill. The sand improvement vessel 44 is preferably movable in conjunction with the construction of the underwater tunnel 3. As a result, it is possible to recycle the soft excavated soil which is often disposed of as industrial waste. In addition, 'also contributes to the reduction of waste and the effective use of resources' is very effective in protecting the global environment. In addition, since the excavated soil can be used for the filling of ±8b, it is also possible to reduce the cost. In addition, if the right soil is used immediately, it is not necessary to temporarily change the 22 1337215 good soil. Sand improvement ship 44. The method of constructing the underwater tunnel of the present invention is constructed in the above-described manner, so that the following effects can be obtained. < 1 > Since the through-type body is used, it is easy to sink. Moreover, since the number of unnecessary partition walls can be reduced to a minimum after the construction of the underwater tunnel, efficient construction can be performed and the construction cost can be reduced. <2> By the installation of the small through-type culverts and the connection to the bottom of the water, the influence on the environment around the bottom of the water can be minimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS (1) Schematic Part 1 ® is an explanatory view of Embodiment 1 of the method for constructing a water channel according to the present invention. Embodiment of the method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to the present invention FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a through-type culvert and an embodiment having a single-sided wall culvert. Fig. 3 is an embodiment of a method for constructing a water (four) lane of the present invention. Example 3 is an internal water-secondary row. Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example. Implementation of Figure 8 | The actual system of the E-type culvert tunnel is not shown in the third example. Explain the figure in Figure 7, and explain the figure. 。 。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Fig. 9 is an explanatory view showing a portion of the underwater tunnel for connecting the shafts by the through-type culverts in the fifth embodiment. Fig. 10 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a primary water stopping material. Fig. 11 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a secondary water stop material. Fig. 12 is an explanatory view showing a sixth embodiment of the method of constructing the underwater tunnel of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a view showing an embodiment of the gas supply path in the sixth embodiment. Fig. 14 is an explanatory view showing a seventh embodiment of the method for constructing the underwater tunnel of the present invention. Fig. 15 is an explanatory view showing a sixth embodiment of the method for constructing the underwater tunnel of the present invention. Fig. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which a sand carrier is used in the eighth embodiment. Fig. 17 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which a sand improving ship is used in the eighth embodiment. Fig. 18 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a joining material. Fig. 19 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a steel crucible. Fig. 20 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which a pile foundation is disposed. (>) Component symbol 1 Through-type body 1 a Through-type body with single side wall 24 1337215 2 Underwater structure 3 Underwater tunnel 5a, 5b Shaft 6a Primary water stop material 6b, 6c Secondary water stop material 7 Pipe 8, 8b Backfill 10 Groups 11 Partitions 12 Openings 21 Internal water 22 External water 32 Foundation 41 Crane ships 42 Dredging ships 43 Sand carriers 44 Sand improvement vessels 71 Workers 72 Gas 91 Connecting bars 92 Bench 93 steel 腱 442 bucket 442 special pipe 25