JPH0483094A - Tunnelling under water and suspension aid of ring piece - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve execution property by anchoring a float body having a ring piece inserting port to an underwater excavator, and suspending the ring piece from the surface of the water into the underwater excavator to construct a tunnel under the bottom of the water while connecting the ring piece to the float body in the excavator. CONSTITUTION:A suspension aid 30 is floated on the sea and ends of respective wires 40 extending from winches 32-35 are connected to the four upper corners of an under-water excavator 10. When the wires 40 are uniformly tensioned, the suspension aid 50 is moved right above the underwater excavator 10 to anchor the suspension aid 30 to the underwater excavator 10. Next, a ring piece 20 on a service ship 50 is suspended into a shield body 11 by a crane. Then, a valve 14 is closed to drain water in both bulkheads 19, 22. The bulkhead 22 is removed and the ring piece 20 is connected to an end of the existing tunnel by the use of a propelling jack 17. The position of the under water excavator 10 is controlled by tensioning the respective wires 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a construction technique for an open shield tunnel with excellent construction properties.

<Conventional technology> Underwater tunnels can be constructed using the shield method using a shield excavator, or some of the tunnels constructed on land (
The tunnel is gradually extended while submerging the tunnel element (tunnel element) in the trench (a method known as immersion is known).

Ring bee as a tunnel component from water (Problems to be solved by the present invention) The conventional construction techniques described above have the following problems.

<B> The shield method reduces the earth cover to 1.0 of the tunnel outer diameter.
By doubling or more, the tunnel extension becomes longer.

If the overburden is reduced, the problem of floating may occur, and bending stress will occur in the segment due to unbalance of the soil.
Creates problems with segment structure.

<Exposure> The immersion method handles a large amount of earth and sand during trench dredging and backfilling after being submerged, leading to problems with waste disposal sites and seawater pollution.

<Object of the present invention> The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to quickly erect a ring piece and to easily control the attitude of a shield excavator. Our goal is to provide a technology that can be used to construct underwater tunnels.

<Means for solving the problem> That is, the present invention uses an underwater excavation machine having an entrance for transporting a ring piece, which is a tunnel component, and suspends the ring piece into the underwater excavation machine from above the water. In an underwater tunnel construction method in which an underwater tunnel is constructed by connecting ring pieces, a floating body having an opening for inserting the ring piece is used, the floating body is moored to an underwater excavation machine, and the floating body is positioned directly above the underwater excavation machine. It is characterized by being constructed by

Furthermore, the present invention provides a device for suspending a ring piece, which is a tunnel component, into an underwater excavation machine from above the water,
It is characterized by being composed of a floating structure, having an opening for inserting a ring piece, and having mooring means for mooring to an underwater excavator.

<Description of the present invention> The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<A> Underwater excavation machine (Fig. 1.2) The underwater excavation machine 10 is a tunnel tunnel ring piece 2 from above the water.
0 is carried in and excavates while assembling a tunnel in the underwater excavation machine 10, and includes a shield body 11 and a plurality of shield jacks that obtain reaction force from the existing tunnel 21 and apply digging force to the shield body 11. 1, an excavation means, and an excavated soil discharge means.

Further, an opening 13 is formed in the upper part of the shield body 1 in accordance with the dimensions of the ring piece 20, and a gate 14 that can be opened and closed is provided outside the opening 13.

The gate 14 is opened when the ring piece 2o is suspended into the machine, and is closed when the ring piece 20 is introduced into the machine.

In addition, in Figure 2, 15 is a carry-in guide, 16 is an earth removal pipe, and 17
is a propulsion jack, and 19 is a fixed bulkhead.

<Opening> Ring Piece Conventional segments have an arc shape, but the ring piece 20 used in the present invention is a tunnel cut into rings with a constant width.

In this embodiment, a case where the cross section is rectangular will be described, but the cross section may be circular or other shapes.

<C> Lifting auxiliary device The lifting auxiliary device 30 is a device for guiding the hanging of the ring piece 2o, and also for controlling the attitude of the underwater excavation machine 10. moored.

The lifting auxiliary device 30 consists of a floating body structure, and a guide rod 31 into which the ring piece 20 is inserted is opened in the center.

Furthermore, the lifting auxiliary device 30 includes a plurality of winches 32 to 3.
5, and a mooring wire 4o extending from each winch 32 to 35 passes through the lifting auxiliary device 30 and is connected to a corner of the underwater excavator 1o.

Therefore, by tensioning each wire 4o, the lifting auxiliary device 30 is moored to the underwater excavator 10, and by partially tensioning the wires 40, the direction of the underwater excavator 10 can be controlled.

In the figure, numeral 36 is a machine room that houses power generation equipment, etc., and numeral 37 is a management room that manages construction.

<Effect> Next, the construction method of the underwater tunnel will be explained.

<A> Excavation, discharge, and soil covering (Fig. 1) The excavation process and earth removal process, in which the tunnel excavates by obtaining reaction force from the existing tunnel 21 in parallel with excavation, and the earth removal process are the same as those of a conventional shield excavator.

However, due to the excavation of the shallow part of the water bottom, the existing tunnel 21
Since the upper part of the soil is exposed, it is necessary to cover it with soil 60 from above the water.

For the covering soil 60, excavated soil may be used, or surrounding earth and sand may be used.

In addition, when suspending the ring piece 20, a removable bulkhead 22 as shown in FIG. 2 is attached to the open end of the existing tunnel 21 before the valve 14 is opened.
It is necessary to prevent water from entering the existing tunnel 21 when the tunnel 4 is opened.

<Exposure> Preparation for lifting With the lifting auxiliary device 30 floating on the sea, connect the ends of each wire 40 extending from the winches 32 to 35 to the underwater excavator 1.
Connect to the top four corners of 0.

When each wire 40 is tensioned uniformly, the lifting auxiliary device 3
0 moves directly above the underwater excavator 10 and lifts the lifting auxiliary device 3.
0 is moored to the underwater excavator 10.

As a result, the opening 13 of the underwater excavator 10 coincides with the center of the guide rod 31 of the lifting auxiliary device 30.

<C> The lifting work boat 50 is attached (moored) to the lifting auxiliary device 30, and the ring piece 20 manufactured on land is lifted into the shield body 1 using a crane.

Assuming that there is no lifting assist device 30, the position of the opening 13 cannot be confirmed from the sea because the underwater excavator 10 is submerged in water.

Therefore, it takes a lot of time and effort to hang the ring piece 20 into the machine.

However, in the present invention, the lifting auxiliary device 30 exposed on the sea
The ring piece 20 can be automatically introduced into the opening 13 of the underwater excavator 10 by simply suspending the ring piece 20 with the guide rod 31 as a target.

<2> Connection (Fig. 3) The ring piece 20 is inserted into the underwater excavator 10 through the opening 13.
After lifting the bulkhead, close the valve 14 and drain the water in both bulkheads 19 and 22.

Next, the bulkhead 22 at the end of the existing tunnel 21 is removed, and the ring piece 20 is joined to the end of the existing tunnel 21 using the propulsion jack 17.

<E> Attitude control of the underwater excavator 10 When controlling the digging direction of the underwater excavator 10, the attitude of the underwater excavator 10 can be adjusted in any direction by individually tensioning each wire 40 connected to the underwater excavator 10. can be controlled.

<Other Application Examples> If a measuring point is provided in a part of the lifting auxiliary device 30, the position of the underwater excavator 10 can be accurately measured from land.

<Effects of the Present Invention> Since the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

<B> If you simply try to lift the ring piece into the aircraft from the sea, it will take a lot of time and effort to hang it into the aircraft because the position at which the underwater excavator will be hung cannot be accurately determined from the sea.

By simply mooring the lifting assist device to the underwater excavation machine as in the present invention, the ring piece can be easily and accurately introduced into the machine using the opening of the lifting assist device as a landmark.

Therefore, the work of hanging the ring piece can be done quickly, and the workability can be improved.

<Exposure> By adjusting the tension of the wire moored to the underwater excavator, the attitude of the underwater excavator can be controlled.

<C> Since the lifting auxiliary device is always located directly above the underwater excavator even when it moves, the position of the underwater excavator can be accurately measured from land.

<2> The upper surface of the lifting auxiliary device can be used as a mounting surface for equipment and equipment necessary for various construction works.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1: Perspective view showing the construction status of the underwater tunnel Figure 2:
Center vertical cross-sectional view of Figure 1 Figure 3: Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the underwater excavator showing the connecting operation of the ring pieces

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Using an underwater excavation machine that has a loading port for ring pieces, which are tunnel construction materials, suspend the ring pieces from above the water into the underwater excavation machine, and construct an underwater tunnel while connecting the ring pieces within the underwater excavation machine. A method for constructing an underwater tunnel, characterized in that a floating body having an opening for insertion of a ring piece is used, the floating body is moored to an underwater excavation machine, and the construction is carried out by positioning the floating body directly above the underwater excavation machine. construction method. (2) A device for suspending a ring piece, which is a tunnel component, into an underwater excavation machine from above the water, which is composed of a floating structure, has an opening for inserting the ring piece, and is a mooring device that is moored to the underwater excavation machine. A lifting auxiliary device characterized by comprising means.