JP2632722B2 - How to build a submarine tunnel - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for constructing a tunnel (hereinafter referred to as a submarine tunnel) constructed on a seabed such as a strait, a riverbed or a lakebed.

(Conventional technology) A conventional submarine tunnel constructed in a strait or the like enters underground from a land part farther away than the actual strait part, passes through a place deeper than the seabed, and a land part far away from the opposite strait part. Many have a structure that appears in the part.
For this reason, the time and cost required for underground excavation work when constructing an undersea tunnel and for carrying out mud and rocks generated by the underground excavation work were enormous.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) A problem to be solved by the present invention is to significantly reduce the time and cost required for underground excavation work and mud and rock removal work when constructing a submarine tunnel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a submarine tunnel that can be performed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The gist of the present invention that has solved the problems is as follows: 1) Floating the long cylindrical body into a flexible, waterproof and long-pressure cylindrical body having sufficient strength. Attach a weight of sufficient weight not to be allowed to settle, immerse in the water in a state in which the predetermined portion except for both ends of the long cylindrical body is contracted, fix both ends on land, and compress with hydraulic pressure from the fixed end The temporary frame material is carried into the long cylindrical body while expanding the long cylindrical body from the inside to the outside to the predetermined size, and the work of temporarily constructing the tunnel wall in the long cylindrical body with the temporary frame material is repeated. A method for constructing a submarine tunnel, comprising: advancing in the longitudinal direction of a shank body, penetrating a temporary tunnel, and then performing tunnel wall construction work to form a predetermined tunnel.

2) One end of a flexible, water-resistant, sufficiently strong and pressure-resistant long cylinder is fixed on land, the other end is sealed, and the long cylinder is fixed to a predetermined portion of the long cylinder. Attach a weight that is heavy enough not to float, immerse it in water with the long cylinder contracted, and press the long cylinder compressed by water pressure from the end fixed on land to the specified size from inside to outside The temporary frame material is carried into the long cylinder while expanding toward the long cylinder, and while repeating the work of temporarily constructing the tunnel wall with the temporary frame material, the temporary frame material is advanced in the longitudinal direction of the long cylinder, and the long cylinder is sealed. A method of constructing a submarine tunnel, comprising: allowing a temporary tunnel to reach a stop portion; and thereafter, performing tunnel wall construction work inside the long cylindrical body to form a dead-end tunnel at the long cylindrical body sealing portion.

3) Attach a weight of sufficient weight not to float the long cylinder to the long cylinder which is flexible and waterproof and has sufficient strength and pressure resistance, excluding both ends of the long cylinder. It is immersed in water with a predetermined part contracted, and both ends are fixed on land, and a long cylindrical body compressed by water pressure from the fixed end is expanded from the inside to the outside to a predetermined size, and is elongated. A method of constructing a submarine tunnel, wherein a predetermined tunnel is formed by advancing in a longitudinal direction of a long cylindrical body while repeating construction of a tunnel wall in the cylindrical body.

4) One end of the long cylindrical body which is flexible and waterproof and has sufficient strength and pressure resistance is fixed on the land, the other end is sealed, and the long cylindrical body is attached to a predetermined portion of the long cylindrical body. Attach a weight that is heavy enough not to float, immerse it in water with the long cylinder contracted, and press the long cylinder compressed by water pressure from the end fixed on land to the specified size from inside to outside The submarine tunnel is characterized in that, if the construction to construct the tunnel wall is repeated, the tunnel is advanced in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body and a dead-end tunnel is formed at the sealed portion of the long cylindrical body. How to build.

5) The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temporary frame material for holding the flexible and waterproof long tubular body from the inside is a ring-shaped frame material.

6) The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flexible and waterproof long tubular body is transparent.

(Function) A weight having a sufficient weight that does not allow the long cylinder to float is attached to a long cylinder that is flexible and waterproof and has sufficient strength and pressure resistance, and attaches both ends of the long cylinder. It is immersed in water in a contracted state except for a predetermined part, and both ends are fixed on land. This long cylinder is immersed in water in a contracted state to reduce buoyancy in water, and the weight attached to the long cylinder stably sinks to the seabed without rising. Can be The long tubular body compressed by water pressure from the fixed end is expanded from the inside to the outside to a predetermined size while the temporary frame material is carried in, and the work of temporarily constructing the tunnel wall with the temporary frame material is repeated. It goes forward in the longitudinal direction of the shank and goes through the temporary tunnel. Thereafter, concrete is cast on the inner surface of the temporary tunnel to secure practical strength and form a predetermined tunnel. If the long cylindrical body is expanded from the inside to the outside, the long cylindrical body expands and the buoyancy increases. , The weight of the entire long cylindrical body is increased, and the weight of the weight attached to the long cylindrical body can sufficiently prevent the long cylindrical body from floating.

When constructing a tunnel such as an underwater promenade, the tunnel does not necessarily have to penetrate, and may be a dead end tunnel in many cases. Therefore, one end of a flexible and waterproof long cylinder is fixed on land and the other end is sealed, and a predetermined weight is attached to a predetermined portion of the long cylinder and submerged in water. Repeating the work of carrying in the temporary frame material while expanding the long cylindrical body compressed by water pressure from the end fixed on land to the predetermined size from the inside to the outside, and temporarily constructing the tunnel wall with the temporary frame material While moving forward in the longitudinal direction of the long tubular body, the temporary tunnel reaches the sealed portion of the long tubular body. After that, the concrete tunnel will be cast into the inner surface of the temporary tunnel to ensure practical strength, and a dead end tunnel will be formed at the sealed portion of the long tubular body. In addition, if a tunnel is formed using a transparent, flexible, waterproof, long cylindrical body, and the transparent part is left even when concrete is poured into the inside of the tunnel, the underwater can be exposed from inside the tunnel. It can be a tunnel that can be observed.

As described above, the temporary frame material is carried in while expanding the flexible and waterproof long tubular body submerged in the water, and after completing the construction of the temporary tunnel with the temporary frame material, concrete or the like is placed on the inner surface of the temporary tunnel. As a method different from the method of completing the predetermined tunnel by performing the casting work by carrying out, the frame material is carried in while expanding the flexible and waterproof long tubular body submerged in the water, and the tunnel wall is formed with the frame material. There is also a method in which concrete is cast at the same time as the construction, and while these works are repeated, the concrete is advanced in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body to complete a predetermined tunnel at one time. A ring-shaped frame material used as a temporary frame material to be used for constructing a tunnel wall by carrying a flexible and waterproof long tubular body compressed by water pressure while expanding from the inside to the outside to a predetermined size. There is also a way to use. If the shape of the ring-shaped frame material is made slightly elliptical, it passes through the ring-shaped frame material by using the difference between the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse and carries in the ring-shaped frame material. can do. Therefore, the work to carry in the ring-shaped frame material through the tunnel where the temporary construction has already been completed with the ring-shaped frame material, and to construct the tunnel wall with the ring-shaped frame material while expanding the long cylindrical body is repeated. A predetermined tunnel can be formed by advancing in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body while proceeding. If a flexible and waterproof long cylinder having a small inner diameter is used, a small tunnel can be constructed by the method of the present invention, and a small tunnel can be constructed only for transportation. it can. still,
The present invention is a tunnel construction method that can be used not only on the sea floor but also on rivers and lakes.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a flexible and waterproof long tubular body of Example 1 is submerged in the sea, and FIG. 2 is a long tubular body from both ends fixed on land. FIG. 3 is a cutaway explanatory view of the same part showing a state in which a temporary frame material is carried into the inside to construct a tunnel wall, and FIG. 3 is a cutaway side view of the same part showing a portion of a long cylindrical body fixed on land FIG. 4 is a front view of the same, FIG. 5 is a cutaway side view of the same part showing a state in which the temporary tunnel construction with the temporary frame material has been completed, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cutaway sectional view of the same part, showing a state in which the process has been completed.

A predetermined weight (2) on a flexible and waterproof long cylinder (1)
Is attached, and a predetermined portion excluding both ends (3) of the long cylindrical body (1) is submerged in water, and both ends (3) are fixed on land. The temporary frame material (4) is loaded from the fixed end (3) while expanding the long cylindrical body compressed by water pressure from the inside to the outside to a predetermined size, and the loaded temporary frame material is placed in the column (5). ) And a beam (6) to temporarily construct a tunnel wall (7). While repeating these operations many times, the long tubular body (1) is advanced in the longitudinal direction to penetrate the temporary tunnel (8).
Thereafter, a concrete tunnel (9) is cast on the inner surface of the temporary tunnel to secure practical strength and form a predetermined tunnel.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment. Underwater promenade (10)
When constructing such a tunnel, it is not always necessary to penetrate the tunnel, and a dead-end tunnel may be used in many cases. Therefore, the end (12) of the flexible and waterproof long tubular body (11) is fixed on land, the other end is a sealed end (13), and a predetermined weight is attached to a predetermined part and submerged in water. I do. A long cylinder (11) compressed by water pressure from the end (12) fixed on land
The temporary frame material is carried in while expanding from the inside to the outside to a predetermined size, and the work of temporarily constructing the tunnel wall with the temporary frame material is advanced in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body while repeating the operation,
The temporary tunnel reaches the sealed end (13) of the long cylindrical body (11). Practical construction is then performed on the inner surface of the temporary tunnel using concrete or the like to secure practical strength, and a tunnel-shaped underwater promenade (10) with a dead end at the sealed end (13) of the long tubular body is formed. In addition, if a tunnel is formed using a transparent, flexible, waterproof, long cylindrical body, and the transparent part (14) is left even when concrete is poured into the inside of the tunnel, the inside of the tunnel can be submerged. Can be an underwater promenade (10) where you can observe. In this embodiment, the long cylindrical body sealing end (13) is replaced with the long cylindrical body (11).
It is slightly wider than the part to form the underwater observation room (15).

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway explanatory view of the third embodiment. The ring-shaped frame material (16) made slightly elliptical is the major axis of the ellipse (17)
By utilizing the difference between the length of the short frame (18) and the short axis (18), it is possible to pass through the ring of the ring-shaped frame member. Therefore, the inside of the tunnel (19), which has been provisionally completed, is installed so that the long axis (17) of the ring-shaped frame material is vertical and the ring-shaped frame material (1
6) Keep the short axis (18) vertical and carry in.
Next, the long axis of the ring-shaped frame (1
7) Set up vertically so as to construct a tunnel wall. A predetermined tunnel can be formed by advancing in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body while repeating such operations many times.
Here, the long tubular body used in the present invention is laid work, water pressure,
By using a strong waterproof, flexible, pressure-resistant material / structure so that it can withstand temporary work, concrete work, and the like, it is possible to prevent the long cylindrical body from being ruptured. In addition, the method of expanding the long cylindrical body is to sequentially expand from the fixed end on land, so only the short cylindrical part needs to be expanded, so that currently known machinery and materials such as jack devices are used. Can be fully constructed by using. For example, it is possible to hold a space widened in a long cylindrical body by expanding a plate material with a jack or a pusher in a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, and a forward direction, and a box-shaped or tubular temporary material inside the tunnel wall, or Can build a tunnel wall directly.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is not necessary to perform underground excavation work when constructing a submarine tunnel, so that the enormous time and cost required for conventional underground excavation work can be reduced.

Therefore, an undersea tunnel can be constructed in a short time at a lower cost than the conventional tunnel construction method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a flexible and waterproof long tubular body of Example 1 is submerged in the sea, and FIG. 2 is a long tubular body from both ends fixed on land. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a state in which a temporary frame material is carried into the interior to construct a tunnel wall, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing a portion of a long cylindrical body fixed on land. FIG. 4 is a front view of the same, FIG. 5 is a cutaway side view of the same part showing a state where the temporary tunnel construction with the temporary frame material has been completed, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a cutaway sectional view of the same part showing a completed state. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway explanatory view of the third embodiment. (1), (11): long cylinder, (2): weight (3), (12): end of long cylinder, (4): temporary frame material (5): pillar, (6) ): Beam (7): Tunnel wall, (8): Temporary tunnel (9): Concrete, (10): Underwater promenade (13): Sealed edge, (14): Transparent part (15): Underwater observation room, (16): Ring frame material (17): Long axis, (18): Short axis (19): Inside tunnel

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A weight having a sufficient weight to prevent the elongate cylindrical body from being lifted is attached to the elongate cylindrical body which is flexible and waterproof and has sufficient strength and pressure resistance, and both ends of the elongate cylindrical body are provided. It is immersed in water in a state where the predetermined part except the part is contracted, fixed at both ends on land, and expanded from the fixed end to the long cylinder compressed by water pressure to the predetermined size from inside to outside. While moving the temporary frame material into the long cylindrical body while repeating the work of temporarily constructing a tunnel wall in the long cylindrical body with the temporary frame material, it moves forward in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body and penetrates the temporary tunnel, and then A method for constructing a submarine tunnel, wherein a predetermined tunnel is formed by performing tunnel wall construction work. 2. An end portion of a long tube body which is flexible and waterproof and has sufficient strength and pressure resistance is fixed on land, and the other end is sealed. Attach a weight of sufficient weight not to lift the cylinder, sink it into the water with the elongated cylinder contracted, and press the long cylinder compressed by water pressure from the end fixed on land to the specified size The temporary frame material is carried into the long cylinder body while expanding from the inside to the outside, and the work of temporarily constructing the tunnel wall with the temporary frame material is repeated, and then the long cylinder is advanced in the longitudinal direction. Construction of a submarine tunnel characterized by allowing a temporary tunnel to reach the sealed part of the body and then constructing a tunnel wall inside the long cylindrical body to form a dead end tunnel at the sealed part of the long cylindrical body Method. 3. A flexible, water-proof, sufficiently strong and pressure-resistant long cylinder is provided with a weight having a sufficient weight to prevent the long cylinder from floating, and both ends of the long cylinder. It is immersed in water in a state where the predetermined part except the part is contracted, fixed at both ends on land, and expanded from the fixed end to the long cylinder compressed by water pressure to the predetermined size from inside to outside. A method of constructing a submarine tunnel, wherein a predetermined tunnel is formed by advancing in the longitudinal direction of the long cylindrical body while repeating construction of a tunnel wall in the long cylindrical body. 4. An elongated tubular body having sufficient strength for waterproof and flexible and having pressure resistance is fixed at one end to the land, and the other end is sealed. Attach a weight of sufficient weight not to lift the cylinder, sink it into the water with the elongated cylinder contracted, and press the long cylinder compressed by water pressure from the end fixed on land to the specified size It extends from the inside to the outside and moves forward in the longitudinal direction of the long cylinder while repeating the construction of the tunnel wall, forming a dead-end tunnel at the long cylinder sealing part. How to build a submarine tunnel. 5. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the temporary frame material for holding the flexible and waterproof long tubular body from the inside is a ring-shaped frame material. . 6. The method of constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the flexible and waterproof long tubular body is transparent.