WO2004106231A1 - ナノチューブ材料の製造方法およびナノチューブ材料 - Google Patents
ナノチューブ材料の製造方法およびナノチューブ材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004106231A1 WO2004106231A1 PCT/JP2004/003570 JP2004003570W WO2004106231A1 WO 2004106231 A1 WO2004106231 A1 WO 2004106231A1 JP 2004003570 W JP2004003570 W JP 2004003570W WO 2004106231 A1 WO2004106231 A1 WO 2004106231A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
- C01G19/02—Oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
- C01G25/02—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/60—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
- C30B29/602—Nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
- C01P2004/13—Nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a nanotube material having a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film, or a thin film of such a thin film and a polymer, and a nanotube material. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a nanotube material, which is capable of easily and inexpensively mass-producing a nanotube including a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film using a porous substrate as a triangle. About.
- Nanotube materials composed of hollow metal oxides and organic / metal oxide composites can be useful in a variety of fields, including inclusion chemistry, electrochemistry, materials, biomedicine, sensors, catalysis and separation technology. It is expected.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a nanotube material capable of mass-producing a nanotube material at low cost, and to provide a composite nanotube material. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors By using a template material that is generally inexpensive and readily available and that can be completely removed under certain conditions, the present inventors have traditionally manufactured using complex and high-cost processing methods. The present inventors have found a method for producing the conventional nanotube material under mild conditions and at low cost, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention can achieve the above object by the following method for producing a nanotube material.
- a method for producing a nanotube material comprising: a step of forming a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film on at least the inner wall of a porous substrate; and a step of removing the porous substrate.
- a step of forming a polymer thin film on at least the inner wall of the porous substrate a step of forming a metal oxide thin film or an organic metal oxide composite thin film on the formed thin film;
- a method for producing a nanotube material comprising: a step of removing; and a step of supporting an organic compound and / or metal nanoparticles on a surface of the formed thin film.
- the step of forming the polymer thin film and / or the step of forming the metal oxide thin film or the organic Z metal oxide composite thin film is repeated at least once.
- a portion corresponding to the porous substrate is formed from a structure in which a polymer thin film, a metal oxide thin film, or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film is formed in this order.
- a nanotube material having a removed structure is formed on the inner wall of the porous substrate.
- a polymer thin film and a metal oxide thin film or Is composed of a porous substrate, a polymer thin film, or a porous substrate, a polymer thin film, and an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film.
- a polymer thin film and a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film are formed in this order on at least the inner wall of the porous base material.
- the organic compound and / or metal nanoparticles are supported on the structure from which the portion corresponding to the organic compound contained in the porous substrate, the polymer thin film, and the organic Z metal oxide composite thin film has been removed. Material with an improved structure.
- the nanotube material of the present invention comprises a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film formed on the inner wall of a porous substrate, or a portion corresponding to the porous substrate from a structure having a polymer and a thin film thereof.
- This is a nanotube material in which nanoparticles of polymers or metal oxides are regularly arranged in a certain direction because of having a structure from which is removed.
- the nanotube material of the present invention can support an organic compound or metal nanoparticles on a metal oxide thin film or the like, and can provide a nanotube material having physical and chemical properties different from those of a metal oxide thin film alone. Can be provided.
- the production method of the present invention comprises the steps of: forming a porous substrate from a metal oxide thin film or an organometallic oxide composite thin film formed on at least the inner wall of a porous substrate, or a thin film of a polymer and a metal oxide thin film Since the material can be easily and completely removed, a nanotube material containing a high-purity metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film can be easily obtained. Furthermore, in the production method of the present invention, the metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film is formed by the sol-gel method. A nanotube material including an oxide composite thin film can be formed.
- the nanotube material of the present invention can be used for a portion corresponding to a porous substrate from a structure having a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film (or a polymer thin film) on the inner wall of the porous substrate. Because of this structure, it is possible to provide a self-supporting composite nanotube in which metal oxide nanoparticles are arranged in a certain direction. Furthermore, since the nanotube material of the present invention contains a high-purity metal oxide, a structure having good physical and chemical properties can be provided. Further, since the nanotube material of the present invention can support an organic compound and / or metal nanoparticles on a thin film, it can impart physical and chemical properties different from those of the material forming the thin film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view for explaining a suction filtration device used in the production method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A), a transmission electron microscope image (B), and an electron diffraction photograph (C) of the titania nanotube material produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscopic image of the titania nanotube material produced in Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscopic image of the titania nanotube material produced in Example 3.
- FIG. 5 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A) and a transmission electron microscope image (B) of the zirconia nanotube material produced in Example 4.
- Fig. 6 shows a scanning electron microscope of the silica nanotubing material prepared in Example 5. An image (A) and a transmission electron microscope image (B).
- FIG. 7 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A) and a transmission electron microscope image (B) of the polymeric notitania nanotube material produced in Example 6.
- FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope image of a polymer / titania nanotube material containing latex particles produced in Example 7.
- FIG. 9 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A) and a transmission electron microscope image (B) of the titania nanotube material produced in Example 8.
- FIG. 10 shows a transmission electron microscope image (A) and a scanning electron microscope image (B) of the titania nanotube material produced in Example 9.
- FIG. 11 is a transmission electron microscope image (A, B) of the titania nanotube material embedded with gold nanoparticles produced in Example 10 and a particle size distribution (C) of the gold nanoparticles.
- FIG. 12 is an optical microscope photograph of the tin oxide filter paper prepared in Example 11 at a firing temperature of 450 ° C. (A) and 1100 ° C. (B).
- FIG. 13 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A) and a transmission electron microscope image (B) of the tin oxide filter paper of Example 11 prepared using a filter paper as a ⁇ shape at a firing temperature of 450 ° C.
- Fig. 14 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A), a transmission electron microscope image (B), and a local electron beam diffraction image of the tin oxide filter paper of Example 11 prepared using a filter paper as a ⁇ shape at a firing temperature of 1100 ° C. (SAED) image (C).
- SAED 1100 ° C.
- FIG. 15 is an optical micrograph of the ITO filter paper produced in Example 12.
- FIG. 16 shows a scanning electron microscope image (A) of the ITO filter paper of Example 12; a scanning electron microscope image (B) of one nanotube material of the ITO filter paper; A transmission electron microscope image (C) of the nanotube material of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- nanotube material means a closed tubular or partially open hollow tubular material having a thickness of nanometer level. Aggregated nanotube aggregates are also included.
- chemisorption refers to a reaction between a reactive group on the surface of a porous substrate, a surface of a polymer thin film or a surface of a metal oxide thin film and a metal compound, a polymer, or (a metal compound + an organic compound). (Covalent bond, hydrogen bond, coordinate bond, etc.) or electrostatic bond (ionic bond, etc.).
- the porous substrate used in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a plurality of pores (through holes) therein and can be removed by a treatment method described later.
- the porous base material comprises a reactive group capable of a condensation reaction with the polymer, a metal compound, or the (metal compound + organic compound). Those having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group) are preferably used.
- porous substrate of the present invention examples include organic materials such as filter paper, cloth, thread, cotton thread, woven fabric, fiber, wood chip, bamboo material, polycarbonate film, alumina, silicon, porous glass, glass fiber film, and the like.
- An inorganic porous material such as a zeolite thin film can be used.
- the size, shape, and the like of the porous substrate used in the production method of the present invention are not particularly limited.
- the porous substrate since the polymer, metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) is brought into contact with the inner wall of the porous substrate, the porous substrate does not necessarily have to have a smooth surface.
- Substrates of various materials and shapes can be appropriately selected.
- the shape of the porous substrate may be various shapes such as a fiber shape, a bead shape, a powder shape, and a flake shape,
- the method of the present invention can cope with a large area such as a wall.
- the porous substrate of the present invention can be used by introducing a new reactive group (preferably a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group) into the inner wall (preferably the inner wall and surface) of the porous substrate.
- a new reactive group preferably a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group
- a known method for introducing a reactive group can be employed.
- the amount of the reactive group (preferably, a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group) present or introduced on the inner wall of the porous substrate per unit area is determined by a polymer thin film, a metal compound thin film, or an organic / metal oxide. Affects the density of the composite thin film.
- the amount of hydroxyl groups is 5.0 xl 0 i3 to 5.0 xl 0 14 equivalents / C EQ 2. there it is appropriate, 1. 0 xl 0 i4 ⁇ 2.
- O xl 0 14 is preferably equivalent / c m 2.
- a polymer compound is used in the step of forming a polymer thin film.
- the polymer compound used is not particularly limited, but has a plurality of reactive groups (preferably a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group) from the viewpoint of more strongly causing adsorption on the porous substrate. Is preferred. Further, a polymer compound which is in a solid or liquid property at room temperature (25 ° C.) can also be used.
- Examples of such a polymer compound at room temperature include, for example, polybutyl alcohol, polybutylphenol, polyatalylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, poly (2-hydroxyxethyl methacrylate), polyglutamic acid, polyserine, amylose, and coguchiminic acid. And the like.
- a cationic polymer compound can also be preferably used.
- Metal alkoxides and metal oxides can interact strongly with the cations of cationic polymer compounds to achieve strong adsorption it can.
- Specific examples of the cationic polymer compound preferably used in the present invention include PDDA (polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride), polyethyleneimine, polylysine, chitosan, dendrimers having an amino group at the terminal, and the like.
- the polymer compound when forming a polymer thin film, the polymer compound can be used in a state of being dissolved in an appropriate solvent.
- the solvent used to dissolve the polymer compound can be appropriately determined according to the type of the polymer compound to be dissolved.
- a solvent for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, cyclohexane, benzene, acetone, DMF and the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the concentration of the solution containing the polymer compound is preferably about 0.1 to 1 OmgZml.
- the method for forming the polymer thin film is not particularly limited. For example, a method in which a porous substrate is immersed in a solution in which a polymer compound is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, and the solution is immersed in the pores of the porous substrate.
- the solution containing the polymer compound is brought into contact with the solution under reduced pressure while sucking.
- the amount of the reactive group preferably a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group
- the amount of the reactive group is 5. OX l Oi 3 ⁇ 5.
- the metal compound used in the step of forming the metal oxide thin film or the organic Z metal oxide composite thin film forms the metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film on the inner wall of the porous substrate. There is no particular limitation as long as it can be performed.
- it has a known reactive group capable of undergoing a condensation reaction with a reactive group (preferably a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group) present on the surface of the porous substrate or the surface on which the thin film of the polymer is formed, and capable of generating a hydroxyl group by hydrolysis.
- a reactive group preferably a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group
- Metal compounds can be used.
- a typical metal compound is, for example, titanium tetraboxide.
- Ti (O-nBu) 4 zirconium tetrapropoxide (Zr (0-nPr) 4 ), zirconium tetrabutoxide (Zr (0-nBu) 4 ), aluminum tryptoxide (Al (0'nBu) 3 ) , Niobium pentbutoxide (Nb (O-nBu) 5 ), silicon tetramethoxide (Si (0-Me) 4 ), boron tetraethoxide (B (0-Et) 3 ), tin tetrabutoxide (Sn (0-iPr ) 4), metal alkoxide conjugates such as indium dimethyl (methoxetoxide) (In (0-Et-O_Me) 3 ); methyltrimethoxysilane (MeSi (O-Me) 3 ), getyl ethoxysilane
- a metal alkoxide having two or more alkoxyl groups such as (Et 2 Si (0-Et) 2 ); a metal alkoxide having a ligand such as acetylaceton and having two or more alkoxyl groups; lanthanide triisopropoxide Metal alkoxides of rare earth metals such as side (Ln (O_iPr) 3 ) and yttrium isopropoxide (Y (O-iPr) 3 ); double alkoxide compounds such as BaTi (OR) x . Above all, titanium tetrabutoxide
- Ti (O-nBu) 4 zirconium tetraptoxide (Zr (0-nBu) 4 ), silicon tetramethoxide (Si (O-Me) 4 ), tin tetraisopropoxide (Sn (O-iPr ) 4 ), stantelab toxide (Sn (0-nBu) 4 ), indium tri (methoxetoxide)
- a metal compound such as (In (O-Et-0-Me) 3 ), especially titanium tetrabutoxide (Ti (O-nBu) 4 ), zirconium tetrabutoxide (Zr (0-nBu) 4 ) , Silicon tetramethoxide (Si (0-Me) 4 ), tin tetraisopropoxide (Sn (0-iPr) 4 ), tin tetrabutoxide (Sn (0-nBu) 4 ), indium tri (methoxetoxide)
- a metal compound of (In (0-Et-0-Me) 3 ) is used.
- a small amount of water is added to the metal alkoxides and partially hydrolyzed and condensed to obtain alkoxide sols or fine particles of alcohol gels, Tumbo Tex Tetramer
- a polymer based on an originally crosslinked metal alkoxide compound can also be used as the compound having a metal alkoxide group of the present invention.
- the metal compound of the present invention includes a metal complex that can be adsorbed on a reactive group on the surface of the porous substrate or the surface of the thin film of a polymer and that can generate a new hydroxyl group on the surface by hydrolysis.
- a metal complex specifically, metal halides such as cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 ), titanium oxoacetyl acetate (TiO (CH 3 COCH 2 COO) 2 ), pentacarponyl iron (Fe (CO ) Metal carbonyl compounds such as 5 ), and polynuclear clusters thereof.
- the above metal compounds may be used in combination of two or more metal compounds as necessary.
- a layer made of a composite metal compound can be formed on the inner wall surface of the porous substrate or the surface of the polymer thin film.
- the organic compound used in the step of forming the organometallic oxide composite thin film in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is required that the organic compound can be strongly adsorbed together with the metal compound on the surface of the porous substrate or the surface of the polymer thin film.
- Such organic compounds include the above-mentioned polymers A compound may be used, or a low molecular compound may be used.
- organic compound examples include polymer compounds having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, such as polyacrylic acid, polybutyl alcohol, polybutylphenol, polymethacrylic acid, and polyglutamic acid; polysaccharides such as starch, dalicogen, and colominic acid; Disaccharides such as glucose and mannose, and monosaccharides; vorfilin compounds having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group at their terminals, dendrimers, and the like can be preferably used.
- polymer compounds having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group such as polyacrylic acid, polybutyl alcohol, polybutylphenol, polymethacrylic acid, and polyglutamic acid
- polysaccharides such as starch, dalicogen, and colominic acid
- Disaccharides such as glucose and mannose, and monosaccharides
- the above-mentioned cationic polymer compound can also be preferably used.
- the metal alkoxide / metal oxide can interact with the cation of the cationic polymer compound in an anionic manner, thereby realizing strong adsorption.
- organic compounds are used not only as a structural component for forming a thin film having high mechanical strength, but also as a functional part for imparting a function to the obtained thin film material, or removed after forming the film. It can also serve as a ⁇ -type component for forming pores in the thin film according to the molecular shape.
- a metal oxide thin film or an organometallic oxide composite thin film is formed, the above-mentioned metal oxide or (metal oxide + organic compound) can be dissolved in an appropriate solvent before use.
- the solvent for dissolving the metal compound or the (metal compound + organic compound) is not particularly limited.
- the concentration of the metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) is about 1 to 20 OmM, preferably 50 to 15 OmM, and more preferably 50 to 10 OmM.
- concentration of the metal compound (+ organic compound) is 1 to 20 O mM, a metal oxide thin film or an organic metal oxide composite thin film can be uniformly formed.
- the method of contacting the above metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) on the inner wall surface of the porous substrate or on the thin film of the polymer is not particularly limited, and a known contact method may be used. Can be.
- a porous substrate or a porous substrate on which a polymer thin film is formed is immersed in a metal compound or a solution in which (metal compound + organic compound) is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, and the inner wall surface of the porous substrate is immersed.
- a method in which the solution is brought into contact with the surface of a polymer thin film a method in which the solution is applied on a porous substrate or a surface of a polymer thin film; After immersion, the pores are filled with the solution, and the solution is sucked from the pores of the porous substrate under reduced pressure.
- the metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) ) Is preferably brought into contact with (adsorbed to) each solution while sucking it.
- the contact time and the contact temperature vary depending on the properties of the metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) used, and cannot be unconditionally limited. In general, the contact time is from 1 minute to several hours and from 0 to 10 o. It may be determined within the range of ° c.
- the method is not particularly limited as long as it can be selectively removed.
- a method of washing with the solvent is preferable. Washing is performed by immersing the base material in the solvent, suctioning under reduced pressure to remove an excess of the polymer compound and the like together with the solvent, washing while immersing in the solvent, spraying, and steam washing. A method or the like is suitably adopted.
- the washing temperature is preferably the temperature in the adsorption operation.
- the metal compound is condensed, and a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film is formed on the formation surface.
- a known method is employed without any particular limitation.
- the most common operation is to infiltrate water into the inner wall of a porous substrate contacted with a metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound).
- ion-exchanged water it is preferable to use ion-exchanged water in order to prevent contamination of impurities and the like and to form a high-purity metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film.
- the time required for these steps can be significantly reduced by using a catalyst such as an acid or a base in the hydrolysis.
- Hydrolysis can also be performed by immersing a metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound) in contact with the inner wall of a porous substrate or a thin film of a polymer in an organic solvent containing a small amount of water.
- metal compounds those having high reactivity with water can be hydrolyzed by reacting with water vapor in the air.
- the inner wall of the porous substrate is dried with a drying gas such as nitrogen gas.
- the series of steps of the contacting and the hydrolysis is performed at least once, preferably 5 or more times, more preferably 1 or more times.
- the process is possible to achieve an even A metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film having a uniform thickness can be formed.
- the above series of steps can be performed a plurality of times using a plurality of types of metal oxides or (metal compound + organic compound).
- the thickness adjustment of the metal oxide thin film or the organic Z metal oxide composite thin film in the production method of the present invention includes the steps of chemisorption of the metal compound or (metal compound + organic compound), removal of excess adsorbed substances, and hydrolysis. Achieved by repeating. Further, in the production method of the present invention, the step of forming the polymer thin film and the step of forming the metal oxide thin film or the organic / metal oxide composite thin film can be alternately performed. Through these steps, a nanotube material having alternating polymer thin films and metal compound thin films or organic / metal oxide composite thin films can be obtained. By the above operation, a metal oxide thin film or an organic metal oxide composite thin film can be formed on the inner wall of the porous substrate or on the polymer thin film.
- a metal oxide thin film or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film is formed on the surface of the thin film by utilizing the hydroxyl groups present on the surface and performing the same operation as described above.
- a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film is formed on the surface, and by repeating such an operation, various types and thicknesses at the nano level can be obtained.
- a thin film having a multilayer structure composed of a metal oxide thin film and / or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film can be sequentially formed.
- nm to several tens of nm specifically, 2 to 100 nm, preferably 5 to 50 nm, more preferably 10 to 30 nm) nm
- metal oxide thin film or organic / metal oxide composite thin film It can be formed accurately on the inner wall of a plate or on a polymer thin film.
- a metal alkoxide having a single metal atom such as titanium butoxide
- a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film thin films having a thickness of several tens of nm are sequentially laminated depending on adsorption conditions.
- the increase in the film thickness per cycle corresponds to the adsorption of one molecular layer of the metal alkoxide.
- alkoxide gel fine particles when alkoxide gel fine particles are used, a thin film having a thickness of about 60 nm can be laminated per cycle.
- a thin film having a thickness of 1 nm to several tens of nm can be formed depending on the contact conditions.
- a thin film having the above-mentioned thickness accuracy can be appropriately produced depending on the degree of sequential lamination of the above-mentioned metal oxide thin film and / or organic / metal oxide composite thin film.
- the production method of the present invention provides a method for producing a porous substrate from a structure in which a polymer thin film, a metal oxide thin film, or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film formed on the inner wall of a porous substrate as described above. And removing the material. By removing the porous substrate from the above-mentioned structure, a nanotube material having the porous substrate as a triangle is formed.
- the production method of the present invention may further include, after the step of removing the porous substrate, a step of removing the polymer thin film or the polymer thin film and the organic compound contained in the organometallic oxide composite thin film. it can.
- a step of removing the polymer thin film or the polymer thin film and the organic compound contained in the organometallic oxide composite thin film it can.
- Various treatment methods such as oxygen plasma, ozone oxidation, calcination or elution may be used alone or in combination to remove organic compounds contained in the porous substrate, polymer thin film and / or organometallic oxide composite thin film. be able to. Of the above treatment methods, it can be removed by baking treatment or low temperature, and while controlling to a certain depth from the surface Oxygen plasma treatment that can be removed from the substrate can be preferably used. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is also preferable to selectively elute and remove the organic compound contained in the porous substrate, the polymer thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film by selecting an appropriate solvent.
- the treatment method such as oxygen plasma, ozone oxidation, baking or elution can be appropriately determined according to the properties (eg, solubility, melting point, etc.) of the metal compound, organic compound, and polymer used in the present invention.
- the time, pressure, output and temperature during the treatment depend on the porous substrate to be subjected to the oxygen plasma treatment, the polymer compound, the metal oxide thin film, and the metal compound constituting the organic metal oxide composite thin film. It can be appropriately determined according to the type and size of the organic compound, the plasma source, and the like.
- the pressure during the oxygen plasma treatment is 1.33 to 66.5 Pa (10 to 500 mTorr), preferably 13.3 to 26.6 Pa (100 to 200 mTorr).
- the plasma output during the oxygen plasma treatment is suitably from 5 to 500 W, preferably from 10 to 50 W.
- the treatment time in the oxygen plasma treatment is appropriately from 5 minutes to several hours, preferably from 5 to 60 minutes.
- the temperature of the oxygen plasma treatment is a low temperature, preferably from 130 to 300 ° C., more preferably from 0 to 100 ° C., and most preferably room temperature (5 to 40 ° C.). C).
- the plasma apparatus used for the oxygen plasma treatment is not particularly limited, and for example, a PE-2000 plasma etcher (South Bay Technology, USA) manufactured by South Bay, Inc. can be used. Further, for example, as a condition of the baking treatment, in a range of 100 ° C. to 120 ° C., preferably 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. in an air atmosphere, a heating rate of 1 ° C./20° C. / Minutes, preferably 30 seconds to 6 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 2 hours at 1 to 5 ° CZ minutes. Conditions for the ozone oxidation treatment can be appropriately determined according to the porous substrate to be treated, the properties of the organic compound contained in the polymer thin film and the organic / metal oxide composite thin film, and the equipment used.
- the pressure at the time of the ozone oxidation treatment is from atmospheric pressure to 13.3 Pa (100 mTorr), preferably from 0.013 to 13.3 Pa (0.1 to 100 mTorr). It is.
- the duration of the ozone oxidation treatment can be several minutes to several hours, preferably 5 to 60 minutes.
- the processing temperature is from room temperature to 600 ° C., preferably room temperature to 400 ° C.
- a known elution method can be appropriately employed depending on the type of components contained in the porous substrate, the polymer thin film, or the organic / metal oxide composite thin film.
- the porous substrate when the porous substrate is made of an alumina material, the porous substrate can be selectively eluted by using an alkaline solvent.
- the production method of the present invention is formed by removing the porous substrate and the polymer thin film, or removing the porous substrate and the polymer thin film and the organic compound contained in the Z or organic / metal oxide composite thin film.
- Organic compounds and / or metal nanoparticles can be supported on the thin film. By supporting an organic compound and Z or metal nanoparticles on the formed thin film, different physical or chemical properties can be imparted to the thin film.
- support means a state in which an organic compound and / or metal nanoparticles are held in a thin film by a physical action or a chemical action. This also includes the case where it is embedded and held in.
- the organic compound and the metal nanoparticles to be supported are not particularly limited as long as they can be supported on the formed thin film. Examples of such organic compounds include latex particles.
- the metal nanoparticles include, for example, nanoparticles of gold, silver, punishment, platinum, palladium, iron, lead, and the like, and are preferably gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and platinum nanoparticles.
- the supported organic compound and metal The nanoparticles may have various shapes, for example, any shape such as a granular shape, a film shape, and an uneven shape.
- the organic compound and the metal nanoparticles can be supported on any of the outer peripheral side, the inner peripheral side, and the inside of the tubular metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film.
- a structure having an organic compound and Z or metal nanoparticles on the open shell side of the tubular metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film can be formed.
- a metal oxide thin film having a structure in which an organic compound is removed from an organic / metal oxide composite thin film an organic compound and z or metal nanoparticles are embedded in a portion where the organic compound is removed from the thin film.
- a structure can be formed.
- the method for supporting the organic compound and / or the metal nanoparticles is not particularly limited.
- a thin film formed in a solution in which the organic compound and / or the metal ion-containing compound are dispersed in an appropriate solvent is used.
- Various supporting methods can be used, such as a method of immersing the solution, a method of immersing the solution in the solution, and then suctioning the solution under reduced pressure.
- a method of directly supporting a dispersion of metal nanoparticles on a thin film can also be used.
- the metal ion-containing compound can be supported on the thin film, and then the metal ion-containing compound can be reduced to metal nanoparticles.
- the reduction treatment can be performed using a known reducing agent.
- the metal ion-containing compound used for supporting the metal nanoparticles can be appropriately selected according to the metal nanoparticles to be supported.
- nitric Kuromiumu (Cr (N0 3) 3) manganese nitrate (Mn (N0 3) 2) , iron nitrate (Fe (N0 3) 3) , cobalt nitrate (Co ( N0 3) 2) first transition metal of the metal salt, such as nitrate para Jiumu (Pd (N0 3) 2) , silver nitrate (a g N0 3), the second transition, such as cadmium nitrate (Cd (N0 3) 2) the metal of the metal salt, lanthanum nitrate (La (N0 3) 3) , gadolinium nitrate (Gd (NO 3) 3) Lanthanoid de metal of the metal salt and the like, barium nitrate (Ba (NO 3) 2) , calcium nitrate (Ca (N0 3) 2) alkaline earth metal salt such as potassium nitrate (KN
- metal chlorides such as gold trichloride (AuCl 3 ), platinum chloride (PtCl 3 ), platinum chloride (PtCl 4 ), and palladium chloride (PdCla) can also be suitably used.
- the anion of the cation in water is not particularly limited. Dilute solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are examples.
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- In the manufacturing method of the present invention may also be used [Cu (N3 ⁇ 4) 4] 2+ , + [Fe (NH 3) 6] 3, [Co (NH 3) 4] 2+ metal complex compounds such as .
- a metal compound that coordinates with an organic material such as AuCl 3
- an organic material such as AuCl 3
- the above metal ion-containing compounds can be used in combination of two or more as necessary. By combining different metal ions, a thin film carrying composite metal nanoparticles can be obtained.
- the solvent for dissolving the metal ion-containing compound is a solvent capable of dissolving the metal ion-containing compound (metal salt, metal complex compound, etc.) to form a metal ion, a metal complex, or a coordinating metal compound.
- a solvent capable of dissolving the metal ion-containing compound metal salt, metal complex compound, etc.
- water, toluene, THF, methanol, ethanol, chlorophonolem, hexane, DMF, DMSO and the like can be used alone or in combination as a solvent.
- the concentration of the metal ion-containing compound affects the average particle size and the dispersibility of the formed metal nanoparticles, it can be appropriately determined according to the particle size of the metal nanoparticles to be supported.
- the concentration of the metal ion-containing compound is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 OmM, and more preferably about 10 OmM.
- the reducing agent used when the metal ion-containing compound is subjected to reduction treatment is not particularly limited, and a known reducing agent can be used.
- a known reducing agent can be used.
- alcohols such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), potassium borohydride (KaBH 4 ), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH 3 ), glycol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol; hydrogen iodide (HI);
- Secondary and tertiary amine compounds such as droxylamine, hydrazine compounds, dimethylaminoethanol and dimethylethylamine A substance or the like can be used as the reducing agent in the present invention.
- the metal ion-containing compound can also be reduced by a method such as treatment in a reducing atmosphere such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide, hydrogen plasma, or light irradiation.
- a reducing atmosphere such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide, hydrogen plasma, or light irradiation.
- Known reduction method conditions can be used for the concentration of the reducing agent, the intensity of hydrogen plasma, the type of light source, the light intensity, the reduction time, and the reduction temperature.
- the nanotube material of the present invention comprises a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film, a polymer thin film, a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film at least on the inner wall of a porous substrate.
- a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film a polymer thin film, a metal oxide thin film or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film at least on the inner wall of a porous substrate.
- the portion corresponding to the porous substrate, or the porous substrate, the polymer thin film or the organic compound contained in the organic metal oxide composite thin film was removed. Having a structure.
- structure in which the portion corresponding to the organic compound contained in the porous substrate or the organic metal oxide composite thin film is removed means that the organic compound contained in the porous substrate or the composite thin film is present.
- the structure formed by the metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film (or the corresponding metal oxide thin film when all the organic compounds contained therein are removed) has voids corresponding to the spatial arrangement that has been performed. means. That is, a structure in which the portion where the porous substrate or the organic compound was present is left as it is, and a portion around the portion where the porous substrate or the organic compound was present is vacant.
- Such a structure as a void a structure in which the porous substrate or the organic compound was present or in the vicinity thereof is a void, and a part of the voids are connected to each other to form a network.
- structure in which the portion corresponding to the polymer thin film is removed means that the polymer thin film formed between the porous substrate and the metal oxide thin film or the organic Z metal oxide composite thin film is removed.
- a metal oxide thin film or an organic metal oxide composite thin film, or a polymer thin film, a metal oxide thin film, or an organic Z metal oxide composite thin film is formed on at least the inner wall of the porous substrate in this order.
- the nanotube material of the present invention is preferably a nanotube material obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- each thin film forming the nanotube material is in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 nm, preferably 0.5 to 2.0 nm when forming a polymer thin film.
- the thickness of the metal oxide thin film or the organic metal oxide composite thin film depends on the number of repetitions of the forming process, but is usually in the range of 2 to 50 nm, preferably in the range of 10 to 20 nm. It is.
- the particle size of the organic compound is in the range of 20 to 500 ⁇ , preferably 50 to 200 nm.
- the average particle size of the metal nanoparticles to be carried is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 nm, more preferably in the range of 1 to 50 nm, and in the range of 1 to 20 nm. Is most preferred. Also, number per unit area of the metal nanoparticles in the thin film is 1 00-1 06 pieces / m @ 2, 500 to 1 06 pieces / m 2 and it is good preferred, 3000-1 06 pieces / m More preferably, it is 2.
- the shape of the nanotube material is not particularly limited, and can be a shape that reproduces the shape of the porous substrate used as the ⁇ shape.
- the nanotube material of the present invention can have various shapes such as a filter shape, a tubular shape, a string shape, and the like. 220 mm, preferably 50 ⁇ m to 0.5 mm. When it has a cylindrical shape, the outer diameter is 100 nm to 2 cm, preferably 100 to 250 nm.
- the nanotube material of the present invention has a metal oxide thin film composed of a metal oxide having a good arrangement and / or an organic / metal oxide composite thin film composed of an organic compound and a metal oxide. Since the arrangement of the metal oxide or the metal oxide and the organic compound is formed after the hydrolysis operation, a covalent bond network of the metal oxide or the metal oxide and the organic compound can be constructed. Such a covalent network structure of the metal oxide or the metal oxide and the organic compound is maintained even after the porous substrate is removed. That is, the nanotube material of the present invention has a self-supporting property due to these structures.
- self-supporting as used in the present specification is not limited to the case where after removing the porous substrate, the nanotube and its aggregated structure maintain the same three-dimensional shape as before removing the porous substrate.
- the individual cellulose fibers constituting the filter paper were covered with the titania gel thin film. Thereafter, the steps of filtration, washing, hydrolysis, and drying are repeated 20 times, and the obtained filter paper titania complex is treated at 450 ° C for 6 hours (heating rate, 1 ° C / min).
- the filter paper used as the ⁇ type was calcined and removed. As a result, a self-supporting titania nanotube material controlled at the nanometer level was obtained.
- this sample was slightly deformed by the baking process, it retained the original shape and size of the filter paper, and can be called "titania paper".
- a filter paper not treated with the titanium butoxide solution was subjected to the same baking treatment as described above. None remained after incineration.
- FIG. 2A shows a scanning electron microscope image of the titania nanotube material obtained.
- the internal structure of the filter paper is faithfully reproduced in the titania layer, indicating that this "titaya paper" is made of titania tube material.
- the nanotube structure was clearly confirmed by observation with a transmission electron microscope, and the outer diameter of the nanotube material was in the range of 30 to 100 nm (Fig. 2B).
- the wall thickness of the nanotube material was about 1 O nm. The exact length of the nanotube material is unknown because it was previously sonicated for observation with an electron microscope, but it was several tens of meters. Presumed.
- a sharp diffraction ring unique to anatase-type titanium oxide was observed (Fig. 2C).
- the indices of rings 1-6 are the (101), (004), (200), (105 + 21 1), (204), and (1 16) planes of anatase, respectively. Yes, it is.
- a titania nanotube material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a cotton cloth was used instead of the filter paper of Example 1. After firing the cotton cloth / titaya complex, a self-supporting titania nanotube material having the same shape as the original cotton cloth was obtained. This is a cloth-like nanotube material that can be called "titania cloth”.
- FIG. 3 shows a scanning electron microscope image of the obtained titania nanotube material.
- the internal structure of the titania fabric is precisely reproduced by titania. It can be seen that the titania nanotube material has a uniform outer diameter of several tens of nm, which is organized into a macro structure.
- a titania nanotube material was produced by the same operation as in Example 1, except that a cotton twisted yarn (common absent cotton yarn) was used instead of the filter paper of Example 1. After firing the cotton-twisted-notitania composite, a self-supporting titania nanotube material was obtained. This titania nanotube material has the same size as the cotton yarn used as the ⁇ type, and can be said to be a “titania twisted yarn”.
- Fig. 4 shows a scanning electron microscope with a spiral arrangement of titania nanotubes.
- the internal structure of the cotton yarn is inscribed in the titania layer, and the rows of titania nanotubes are clearly visible.
- the outer diameter of the titania twisted yarn is several tens nm to several hundreds of nm, which are aggregated in a macro fiber state.
- Fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the arrangement of helical nanotubes formed by twisting the aggregate of cellulose fibers contained in the cotton strand used as type I. From this result, it is clear that the helical structure of the cotton fiber is copied to the metal oxide nanotube.
- Zirconium butoxide as a compound having a metal alkoxide group
- FIG. 5 shows a scanning electron microscope image ( Figure 5A) and a transmission electron microscope image ( Figure 5B) of the zirconia nanotube material.
- Figure 5A shows a scanning electron microscope image
- Figure 5B shows a transmission electron microscope image of the zirconia nanotube material.
- the scanning electron microscope image in Fig. 5A the internal structure of the filter paper was faithfully reproduced by the zirconium layer, indicating that a regularly arranged zirconium nanotube material was formed.
- the obtained zirconia nanotube material has the same form as the titania nanotube shown in Example 1.
- a silica nanotube material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that silicon tetramethoxide (Si (OMe)) was used as the compound having a metal alkoxy group.
- the silica nanotube material obtained after calcining the filter paper / silica composite was approximately one-third its original size.
- Fig. 6 shows a scanning electron microscope image (Fig. 6A) and a transmission electron microscope image (Fig. 6B) of the silica nanotube material. As can be seen from the scanning electron microscope image (Fig. 6A), the obtained silica nanotube material is smaller than the original filter paper and has a random arrangement, but reflects the internal structure of the filter paper.
- the obtained silica nanotube is flexible, has an outer diameter of several tens of nm, and a length of several ; m to several It was 10 ⁇ m.
- An alumina filtration membrane (Whatman Anodisc 25, UK) was set on the suction filtration device shown in Fig. 1, and washed by suctioning 4 Oml of ethanol and then an air flow.
- the concentration of the solution used for lamination is as follows. All water in the aqueous solution was deionized water.
- PEI Polyethyleneimine
- PAI Polyacrylic acid
- PVA Polyacrylic acid
- Ti titanium butoxide
- PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
- the PAA layer has a number of carboxyl groups to facilitate the formation of a titania layer thereon.
- 2 Om1 of titanium butoxide solution was added to the funnel, and 1 Om1 of the solution was suction-filtered while slowly reducing the pressure.
- the remaining solution was kept in a funnel for 3 minutes to promote the formation of the titania layer, and then all the remaining solution was subjected to suction filtration, and immediately the alumina filtration membrane was washed twice with 2 Om1 of ethanol.
- 2 O ml The water was aspirated and dried with a stream of air.
- the inner wall of the obtained alumina filtration membrane is:
- FIG. 7A is an overall image of a self-supporting organic titania composite nanotube material observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the nanotube wall is composed of one layer of PEI, one layer of PAA, and ten layers of titania-PVA composite.
- the nanotube material is fixed by providing polystyrene layers on the upper and lower layers of the nanotube material.
- the form of the composite nanotube material can be maintained even if the polystyrene is removed.
- the titania 'polymer composite film is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the alumina disk, and the entire surface is covered with the titania' polymer composite film. They are bundled and fixed.
- the wall thickness of the organic / titania composite nanotube material was about 15 nm, and the outer diameter was about 200 nm.
- the length of the nanotube material was 60 ⁇ m, which was almost the same as the thickness of the original alumina disk.
- Fig. 7B shows a transmission electron micrograph of the organic titania composite obtained by removing one tube from the organic Z titer composite nanotube material. As shown in FIG. 7B, the nanotube material is found to be entirely uniform. (Example 7)
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 6, a multilayer film composed of PEI / PAA / (titer / PVA) 5 / titania was laminated on the inner wall surface of the alumina filtration membrane.
- the wall thickness of the organic Z-titania composite nanotube material was about 8 nm.
- the innermost wall of the composite nanotube material is composed of a titania layer.
- polystyrene latex (micromod (registered trademark) -green F COOH, particle size lOO nm) as nanoparticles was supported on the inner wall surface of the composite nanotube material.
- the surface of the latex particles used was modified with carboxylic acid groups, and the concentration of the dispersion was 0.1 mg / ml.
- This latex aqueous dispersion 2 Om1 was added to the funnel, and 1 Oml of the solution was slowly suction-filtered at first, and then left as it was for 30 minutes to promote the adsorption of nanoparticles. Thereafter, the remaining 1 Om1 was loosely filtered by suction. Immediately, 4 Om1 of water was suction-filtered, washed, and dried by flowing air. When the alumina filtration membrane was dissolved and removed with an aliquot, a self-supporting organic / titania composite nanotube material having nanoparticles supported in a tube was obtained.
- a composite nanotube material was produced in the same manner as in Example 6, except that a commercially available porous polycarbonate membrane was used instead of the alumina filtration membrane of Example 6.
- the surface of a commercially available Whatman polycarbonate membrane (pore size 30 nm) was coated with oxygen plasma (185 mTorr, 30 W, 20 minutes; PE-2000 plasma etching equipment (South Bay Technology, RF 13.56 MHz)). Treatment increased the amount of carboxyl groups on the surface.
- FIGS. 9A and B show a scanning electron microscope image and a transmission electron microscope image of the obtained titania nanotube material, respectively. As shown in each electron microscope image of FIG. 9, it can be seen that the obtained titania nanomaterial has a tubular structure.
- the obtained titania nanotube material has an outer diameter of about 70 nm and a film thickness of 15 nm, is self-supporting, and is amorphous.
- the composite was treated using oxygen plasma.
- the oxygen plasma treatment was carried out using a PE-2000 plasma etching apparatus (South Bay Technology RF 13.56 MHz) at room temperature under a pressure of 23.4 Pa (176 mTorr) at an output of 30 W for 20 minutes.
- the polymer component was removed by oxygen plasma treatment, and a structure having a titania layer on the inner wall of the alumina filtration membrane was obtained.
- the formed titania nanotube maintains a hollow tube structure, and has a nanoporous structure in which irregular pores with pore diameters of 2 to 6 nm are irregularly arranged.
- the structure was a titania tube. This titania tube had a significantly different structure from the complex before the oxygen plasma treatment. This nanoporous structure was also observed on the outer surface of the titania nanotube (Fig. 10B). This indicates that the titania nanotube material obtained in this example is a highly nanoporous tube material.
- a nanotube material carrying gold nanoparticles was formed using the structure obtained by oxygen plasma treatment in the same manner as in Example 9 as a template.
- the alumina filtration membrane Z titania thin film obtained by the oxygen plasma treatment in the same manner as in Example 9 was set in the suction filtration apparatus of FIG. 1, and 1 Oml of ice-cooled 0.1 M NaBB solution was added.
- the pure water was filtered by suction in this order and further air-dried.
- suction filtration was performed in the order of 10 ml of a 2.5 ⁇ 10—4 M AuCl 4 solution and 20 ml of pure water, and the generated gold nanoparticles were embedded in the pore walls of the titania thin film.
- the alumina filtration membrane is eluted from the structure having the titania thin film in which the gold nanoparticles are uniformly embedded by alkali treatment (immersion in a 6M KOH aqueous solution for 5 minutes), and the gold nanoparticles are embedded uniformly.
- a titania nanotube material was obtained. The resulting nanotube material is shown in FIG.
- the black dots seen in Figs. 11A and B are gold nanoparticles and can be seen to be present at high density in the titania thin film.
- the local electron diffraction diagram (S AED) shown in the upper right of FIG. 11A shows that the gold nanoparticles are formed from gold nanocrystals.
- the average particle size of the gold nanoparticles is 3.O nm. And the standard deviation of the distribution was 0.8 nm.
- a tin oxide nanotube material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using a filter paper as a triangle shape.
- tin oxide filter paper material (hereinafter referred to as "tin oxide filter paper"). Although the shape and size of the tin oxide filter paper were slightly deformed, the shape and size of the ⁇ -shaped filter paper were almost maintained. Further, the obtained tin oxide was amorphous.
- a small piece of the obtained tin oxide filter paper was pulverized finely and dispersed in ethanol with ultrasonic waves.
- One drop of this dispersion is dropped on a silicon wafer when using a scanning electron microscope, or on a gold oxide coated with silicon oxide when using a transmission electron microscope, and then air Dry with a flow A sample was prepared.
- Fig. 13A shows a scanning electron microscope image of tin oxide filter paper obtained by baking at 450 ° C.
- the aggregate structure of the nanotubes in the tin oxide filter paper can be clearly confirmed, and it can be seen that the hierarchical structure of the cellulose fibers of the filter paper is faithfully reproduced in the tin oxide filter paper.
- the structure of the nanotubes in the tin oxide filter paper was also clearly confirmed by observation with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), as shown in Fig. 13B. It was in the range of 100 nm, whose length corresponded to the length of the original cellulose fiber.
- the wall thickness of the nanotube was about 10 to 15 nm.
- Figure 14A shows a scanning electron microscope image of tin oxide filter paper obtained by baking at 1100 ° C. As shown in FIG. 14A, even at a firing temperature of 1100 ° C., the aggregate structure of nanotubes in the tin oxide filter paper could be clearly confirmed as in the case of 450 ° C.
- the corresponding transmission electron microscope image is shown in Fig. 14B. From FIG. 14B, it can be seen that a nanotube structure formed by the fine particles having a size of about 10 nm is formed.
- Fig. 14C shows the local electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of the obtained tin oxide filter paper.
- SAED local electron diffraction
- S AED local electron diffraction
- ITO filter paper An indium tin oxide (ITO) nanotube material (hereinafter referred to as “ITO filter paper”) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11 to make the filter paper into a triangle shape.
- the precursor solution contains 4 mM tin tetraisopropoxide (Sn (0-iPr) 4) and 8 mM indium methoxide ethoxide (In (OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 ) 3 ), and the solvent is 1: 1: 2.
- a mixed solution of isopropanol / methanol / methoxyethanol was used.
- I TO The preparation of the thin film was repeated 50 times at 50.
- QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) measurement showed that an amorphous ITO film with a thickness of about 0.5 nm was formed by film formation per cycle.
- the ITO filter paper obtained by baking the filter paper 'ITO complex at 450 ° C at a heating rate (1 minute) for 6 hours maintained the shape of the filter paper as shown in Fig. 15. It was a pale yellow film.
- Fig. 16A shows a scanning electron microscope image. As shown in Fig. 16A, the obtained film has self-supporting properties, cellulose fibers are replicated as ITO nanotubes, and the hierarchical structure of the filter paper is reproduced from nano-size to macro-size. You can see that.
- Figures 16B and C show transmission electron microscope images. As shown in FIGS. 16B and C, it can be seen that they are formed of uniform and less than 10 nm crystalline ITO nanoparticles. Industrial applicability
- a nanotube material having self-supporting properties can be produced under mild conditions and with a simple operation.
- the resulting self-supporting nanotube material can be cut into any shape.
- due to its high productivity it can be expected to be widely used as a breathable coating film for general-purpose products. Specifically, it can be used for an electric insulating film having a hollow structure, a photocatalytic film obtained by complexing with a dye, a highly adsorbing material, a member of a filter, and the like.
- the nanotube material of the present invention is a nanotube material having a porous substrate in the form of a triangle, an ultra-thin porous sheet and a porous ultrafine metal fiber which have been considered to be difficult to produce so far.
- Applications in various fields are possible.
- the present invention is an important basic technology for the next generation of highly integrated devices. Specifically, it can be expected to be used as a high-precision circuit manufacturing technology in the field of electrification.
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| WO2005098084A2 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-10-20 | Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for synthesis of extended length nanostructures |
| JP4700354B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-19 | 2011-06-15 | 財団法人川村理化学研究所 | シリカナノチューブ会合体及びその製造方法 |
| JP4730730B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-07 | 2011-07-20 | 一般財団法人川村理化学研究所 | 有機無機複合材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP4331233B2 (ja) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-09-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 無線通信装置 |
| JP5594481B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-25 | 2014-09-24 | サーモロン コリア カンパニー,リミテッド | 1次元のらせん状ナノポーラス構造体の合成方法及び該らせん状ナノポーラス構造体を合成するためのグリシン誘導型界面活性剤の合成方法 |
| KR101085101B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-11-21 | 한국기계연구원 | 유기태양전지의 p형 전도막으로 사용되는 금속산화물-탄소나노튜브 복합막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 광전변환효율이 향상된 유기태양전지 |
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| US20080038492A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
| JP2005008510A (ja) | 2005-01-13 |
| US7592039B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 |
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