Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
  • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
  • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
  • B29C48/70—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows
  • B29C48/705—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows in the die zone, e.g. to create flow homogeneity
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
  • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
  • B29C48/11—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels comprising two or more partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. honeycomb-shaped
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
  • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
  • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
  • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
  • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
  • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
  • B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
  • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
  • B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
  • B29K2105/0032—Pigments, colouring agents or opacifiyng agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
  • B29K2105/0044—Stabilisers, e.g. against oxydation, light or heat
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
  • B29K2105/0047—Agents changing thermal characteristics
  • B29K2105/005—Heat sensitisers or absorbers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
  • B29K2995/0025—Opaque
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
  • B29K2995/0026—Transparent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
  • B29K2995/0029—Translucent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/60—Multitubular or multicompartmented articles, e.g. honeycomb
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
  • Y10T428/24562—Interlaminar spaces
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for producing non-coextruded, coated by coextrusion web plates, special extrusion dies for producing such plates, their use for the production of such plates, as well as multilayer coextruded rib plates, comprising at least one layer containing a thermoplastic and at least one coating, without Triangel bin, as well as other products containing this multi-layered web plate.
• Web plates are often provided on one or both sides, each with a coextrusion layer on one or both outer sides, which can fulfill different functionalities, for example. It may be a UV protective layer, which protects the plate from damage (eg yellowing) by UV radiation protects, but also other functionalities such as IR reflection are fulfilled in this way.
• a UV protective layer which protects the plate from damage (eg yellowing) by UV radiation protects, but also other functionalities such as IR reflection are fulfilled in this way.
• EP-A-0 110 221 discloses sheets of two layers of polycarbonate, one layer containing at least 3% by weight of a UV absorber. The preparation of these plates can be carried out according to EP-A 0 110221 by coextrusion.
• EP-A 0 320 632 discloses moldings of two layers of thermoplastic, preferably polycarbonate, one layer containing special substituted benzotriazoles as UV absorbers. EP-A 0 320632 also discloses the production of these moldings by coextrusion.
• EP-A 0 247 480 discloses multilayer boards in which, in addition to a layer of thermoplastic material, a layer of branched polycarbonate is present, the layer of polycarbonate containing special substituted benzotriazoles as UV absorbers. The preparation of these plates by coextrusion is also disclosed.
• EP-A 0 500 496 discloses polymer compositions which are stabilized against UV light with special triazines and their use as outer layer in multilayer systems.
• Polymers are polycarbonate, polyesters, polyamides, polyacetals, polyphenylene oxide and polyphenylene sulfide.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically by means of a section through a web plate as it comes to this gusset formation.
• the arrows show the flow of the polymer melt in the web shape of the web plate (1) which causes the formation of the gusset in the coextruded layer (2).
• the object is to provide an optionally coated with a plurality of layers by co-extrusion web plate, which shows no Triangel bin over the prior art more.
• This object is the basis of the present invention.
• Fig. 2 shows schematically by means of a section through a web plate how this method could work:
• the melt Due to an increased polymer flow from the uncoated side, the melt is distributed in the direction of the coated side of the web plate (3), so that the coextruded layer (4) remains free of gangs.
• Fig. 3 shows schematically on the basis of a section through a web plate how this effect would appear (feed at (5)): While the upper coex layer 62) remains free from gangs, the lower coex layer (7) has a strong gusset.
• the Fig. 4 shows schematically based on a section through a web plate as the inventive method works:
• the present invention thus relates to a special process for the production of coatings on web plates by coextrusion, as well as the gusset-free or triangel-effect-free plates obtainable by this process.
• These plates are characterized by a particularly smooth surface and uniform, ie gore-free, coextrusion layers.
• a preferred embodiment is a double-coated web plate.
• the subject of this application is therefore also a special extrusion die, which makes it possible to carry out the process according to the invention.
• Their comb contains in addition to the usual and required for different purposes holes, cuts and shapes holes, which leads a portion of the inflowing material directly into the web shape.
• the material is guided from a rear region of the nozzle directly forward into the web shape.
• FIG. 5 A possible embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention at the level of a web shape Fig. 5 shown schematically as a cross section:
• the subject of the present invention is a product containing said plates.
• this product which contains, for example, said multi-layer web plate, preferably selected from the group consisting of glazings, greenhouse, conservatory, porch, carport, bus stop, canopy, partition, cash register and solar collector.
• the main advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the avoidance of the Triangel bines, which makes otherwise negatively noticeable by the gusset formation and the associated waste material and an uneven surface of the plate.
• the coating material wasted in the gusset usually consists of valuable, provided with costly additives thermoplastic. The saving of such material can lead to not inconsiderable cost advantages.
• the inventive method is suitable for the production of various coextrusion layers, in principle all conceivable functional layers in combination (UV protection and functional layer, eg IR reflection, top and UV protection, bottom), it is particularly suitable for producing both sides UV protection provided wall sheets.
• the multilayer products according to the invention have further advantages over the prior art.
• the multilayer products according to the invention such as the web plate, can be produced by coextrusion. This results in advantages over a product produced by painting. For example, no solvents evaporate during coextrusion, as is the case with coatings.
• paints require a complex technique. For example, they require explosion-proof aggregates, the recycling of solvents and thus expensive investments in plants. This disadvantage does not coextrusion.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention is said multi-layered web plate, wherein the base as well as the coextrusion layer can be made of different or identical thermoplastics, preferably both layers are based on the same material.
• thermoplastic molding compositions are all molding materials in question, for example, polycarbonate and / or polyesters and / or polyester and / or polyesters and / or Polvmethvlmeth- acrylates and / or polystyrenes and / or SAN and / or blends of polycarbonate and polyesters and / or Polymethylmethacrylatea and / or polystyrenes and / or SAN.
• molding compositions comprising transparent thermoplastics such as polycarbonate and / or polyester and blends comprising at least one of the two thermoplastics.
• Particular preference is given to using polycarbonate and polyester, very particularly preferably polycarbonate.
• thermoplastics The preparation of these thermoplastics ' is well known to the skilled person and is carried out according to the known methods.
• the coextrusion layer additionally contains 1 to 20% by weight of UV absorber and is 5 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 100 ⁇ m thick.
• the multi-wall sheets may be double-skin sheets, multi-skin triple sheets, quadruple-skin sheets, etc.
• the web plates may also have different profiles such as e.g. X profiles or XX profiles have.
• the web plates can also be corrugated web plates.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention is web plate with double-sided coextrusion layer, wherein the base material and the two coextrusion layers consist of -Polycarbonat.
• the multilayer products according to the invention can be translucent, covered or transparent, depending on the type of thermoplastics used and their additives.
• the multi-layered products are transparent.
• Both the base material and the coextrusion layer (s) in the web plates of the invention may contain additives.
• the coextrusion layer may in particular contain UV absorbers and mold release agents.
• the UV absorbers or their mixtures are present in concentrations of 0-20% by weight. Preference is given to 0.1 to 20 wt .-%, more preferably 2 to 10 wt .-%, most preferably 3 to 8 wt .-%. If two or more coextrusion layers are present, the proportion of UV absorber in these layers may be different.
• UV absorbers examples of UV absorbers that can be used in the present invention will be described below.
• R and X are the same or different and are H or alkyl or alkylaryl.
• R 3 and R 4 are also identical or different and are H, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, benzyl or C 6 -C ⁇ -aryl.
• m is 1, 2 or 3 and n is 1, 2, 3 or 4.
• R 1 , R 2 , m and n are as defined for formula (IT), and wherein p is an integer from 0 to 3, q is an integer from 1 to 10,
• Y is -CH 2 -CH 2 -, - (CH 2 ) 3 -, - (CH 2 ) 4 -, - (CH 2 ) 5 -, - (CH 2 ) 6 -, or CH (CH 3 ) - CH 2 -
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 in formula (IV) are the same or different and are H or alkyl or CN or halogen and X is alkyl.
• R 1 is Ci-alkyl to Cj-alkyl
• R is H or Cj-alkyl to -alkyl
• n 0 to 20.
• Rl to R 4 may be the same or different and denote H, alkyl, CN or halogen.
• the UV absorbers are selected from the group consisting of Tinuvin 360, Tinuvin 1577 and Uvinul 3030.
• UV absorbers mentioned are commercially available.
• the layers may contain other malicious processing aids, in particular mold release agents and flow agents and the customary in the polycarbonates used additives such as stabilizers, especially heat stabilizers and colorants and optical brighteners and inorganic pigments.
• thermoplastics for the multilayer products according to the invention are all b.e proceedingsn.P) ly.carb.onate_gerado:
• the polycarbonates are preferably prepared by the phase boundary process or the melt transesterification process and are described below by way of example using the phase boundary process.
• Preferred compounds to be used as starting compounds are bisphenols of the general formula
• Z is a divalent organic radical of 6 to 30 carbon atoms containing one or more aromatic groups.
• Examples of such compounds are bisphenols which belong to the group of dihydroxydiphenyls, bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, indanebisphenols, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ketones and 1,3 or 1,4-bis ( hydroxyphenylpropyl) benzenes.
• bisphenols which belong to the abovementioned linking groups are bisphenol A, tetraalkyl bisphenol-A, 1,3-bis- [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] benzene (bisphenol M), 1,4-bis - [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] benzene, 1, 1 -bis (4-hydroxy-phenyl) -3, 3, 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane (bisphenol TMC) and optionally mixtures thereof.
• the bisphenol compounds to be used according to the invention are preferably compounded with carbon-acid compounds, in particular phosgene, or in the case of a transesterification process with diphenyl carbonate. Dirnethylcarbonat, implemented.
• Polyestercarbonates are preferably obtained by reacting the abovementioned bisphenols, at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid and optionally carbonic acid equivalents.
• Suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids are, for example, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 3,3'- or 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid and benzophenone dicarboxylic acids.
• a portion, up to 80 mole%, preferably from 20 to 50 mole% of the carbonate groups in the polycarbonates may be replaced by aromatic dicarboxylic acid ester groups.
• Inert organic solvents used in the interfacial process include, for example, dichloromethane, the various dichloroethanes and chloropropane compounds, tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane, chlorobenzene and chlorotoluene, preferably chlorobenzene or dichloromethane or mixtures of dichloromethane and chlorobenzene.
• the interfacial reaction can be accelerated by catalysts such as tertiary amines, in particular N-alkylpiperidines or onium salts.
• catalysts such as tertiary amines, in particular N-alkylpiperidines or onium salts.
• Tributylamine, triethylamine and N-ethylpiperidine are preferably used; in the case of the melt transesterification process, preference is given to using the catalysts mentioned in DE-A 4238123.
• the polycarbonates can be deliberately and controlled branched by the use of small amounts of branching.
• Some suitable branching agents are: phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -hepten-2; 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane; l, 3,5-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene; l, l, l-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane; Tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenylmethane; 2,2-bis [4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexyl] -propane; 2,4-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenol; 2,6-bis- (2-hydroxy-5'-methyl-benzyl) -4-methyl phenol; 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -propan
• the chain terminators used are preferably phenols such as phenol, alkylphenols such as cresol and 4-tert-butylphenol, chlorophenol, bromophenol, cumylphenol or mixtures thereof in amounts of 1-20 mol%, preferably 2-10 mol% per mol of bisphenol. Preference is given to phenol, 4-tert-butylphenol or the like. Cumylphenol. Chain terminators and branching agents may be added separately or together with the bisphenol to the syntheses.
• Preferred polycarbonates according to the invention are the homopolycarbonate based on bisphenol A, the homopolycarbonate based on 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and the copolycarbonates based on the two monomers bisphenol A and I, l -Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and the copolycarbonates based on the two monomers bisphenol A and 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl (DOD).
• DOD 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl
• the homopolycarbonate based on bisphenol A is particularly preferred.
• the polymer used may contain stabilizers. Suitable stabilizers are, for example, phosphines, phosphites or Si-containing stabilizers and further compounds described in EP-A 0 500 496. Examples which may be mentioned are triphenyl phosphites, diphenylalkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) -4,4'-biphenylene diphosphonite and triaryl phosphite. Particular preference is given to triphenylphosphine and tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.
• These stabilizers may be present in all layers of the web plate according to the invention. So both in the base and in the coextrusion layers. In each layer, different additives or concentrations of additives may be present.
• the web plate according to the invention may contain from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the esters or partial esters of monohydric to hexahydric alcohols, in particular of glycerol, of pentaerythritol or of guerbet alcohols.
• Monohydric alcohols include stearyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol and Guerbet alcohols.
• a dihydric alcohol is glycol.
• a trivalent alcohol is, for example, glycerin.
• tetrahydric alcohols include pentaerythritol and mesoerythritol.
• pentavalent alcohols are arabitol, ribitol and xylitol.
• Hexavalent alcohols are, for example, mannitol, glucitol (sorbitol) and dulcethene.
• the esters are preferably the monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters and hexaesters or mixtures thereof, in particular random mixtures, of saturated, aliphatic Cio to C 36 -monocarboxylic acids and optionally hydroxy-monocarboxylic acids, preferably with saturated, aliphatic C 14 to C 32 Monocarboxylic acids and optionally hydroxy-monocarboxylic acids.
• the commercially available fatty acid esters in particular of pentaerythritol and of glycerol, may contain ⁇ 60% of different partial esters as a result of the preparation.
• Saturated, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 10 to 36 carbon atoms are, for example, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid and montan acids.
• Preferred saturated, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 14 to 22 carbon atoms are, for example, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, arachic acid and behenic acid.
• saturated, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid and hydroxystearic acid.
• saturated, aliphatic C 10 to C 36 carboxylic acids and the fatty acid esters are either known from the literature or can be prepared by methods known from the literature.
• pentaerythritol fatty acid esters are those of the particularly preferred monocarboxylic acids mentioned above.
• esters of pentaerythritol and glycerol with stearic acid and palmitic acid are particularly preferred.
• esters of Guerbet alcohols and of glycerol with stearic acid and palmitic acid and optionally hydroxystearic acid are particularly preferred.
• esters can be present both in the base and in or in the coextrusion layers. Different additives or concentrations may be present in each layer.
• the web sheets according to the invention may contain antistatic agents.
• antistatic agents are cationic compounds, for example quaternary ammonium.
• Phosphonium or sulfonium salts ani n dioxide compounds, for example, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl phosphates, carboxylates in the form of Alkaü- or 'alkaline earth metal salts, non- ionogenic compounds, for example, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty acid esters, ethoxylated fatty amines.
• Preferred antistatic agents are nonionic compounds.
• antistatics may be present in the base as well as in or in the coextrusion layers. Different additives or concentrations may be present in each layer. They are preferably used in or in the coex layers.
• the web sheets according to the invention may contain organic dyes, inorganic color pigments, fluorescent dyes and particularly preferably optical brighteners.
• colorants may be present both in the base and in or in the coextrusion layers. Each layer may have different additives or concentrations.
• All molding materials used for the production of the web plate according to the invention can be contaminated from their production and storage with corresponding impurities, the aim being to work with as clean starting materials as possible.
• the mixing of the individual constituents can be carried out in a known manner both successively and simultaneously both at room temperature and at elevated temperature.
• the incorporation of the additives into the molding compositions for the web sheets according to the invention, in particular the UV absorber and other aforementioned additives is preferably carried out in a known manner by mixing polymer granules with the additives at temperatures of about 200 to 330 ° C in conventional units such as internal mixers, Einschneckenextrudern and Doppelwellenextrudern for example by melt compounding or melt extrusion or by mixing the solutions of the polymer with solutions of the additives and subsequent evaporation of the solvent in a known manner.
• the proportion of additives in the molding composition can be varied within wide limits and depends on the desired properties of the molding composition.
• the total proportion of the additives in the molding composition is preferably about up to 20 wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 12 wt .-%, based on the weight of the molding composition.
• the incorporation of the UV absorber in the molding compositions can also be done, for example, by mixing solutions of the UV absorbers and optionally other aforementioned additives with solutions of- plastics in suitable organic solvents such as CH 2 C1 2 , haloalkanes, haloaromatics, chlorobenzene and xylenes ,
• suitable organic solvents such as CH 2 C1 2 , haloalkanes, haloaromatics, chlorobenzene and xylenes .
• Coextrusion as such is known from the literature (see, for example, EP-A 0 110 221 and EP-A 0 110 238).
• the procedure is preferably as follows: extruders for producing the core layer and cover layer (s) are connected to a coextrusion adapter.
• the adapter is constructed so that the melt forming the cover layer (s) is applied as a thin layer adhering to the melt of the core layer.
• the multilayer melt strand thus produced is then brought into the desired shape (web plate) in the subsequently connected nozzle.
• the melt is cooled in a known manner by means of vacuum calibration (web plate) under controlled conditions and then cut to length.
• a tempering furnace may be attached to minimize stresses.
• the adapter is mounted in front of the nozzle, the nozzle itself can also be designed so that the melting of the melt takes place there.
• the described method is carried out using a nozzle modified as described above, that is to say with a bore for direct material feed into the web shape. Accordingly, also the subject of the present application is the use of a nozzle according to the invention for producing a gusset-free, coated web plate.
• the invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples.
• the examples of the invention are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention.
• the machines and apparatuses used for the production of multilayer solid sheets are described below. They include:
• coextruders for applying the outer layers with a screw of length 25 to 36 D, wherein D denotes the diameter of the extruder, and a. Diameter D from 25 mm to 70 mm, with and without degassing a Co-Ex adapter
• the polycarbonate granules of the base material were fed to the hopper of the main extruder, the coextrusion material of the coextruder.
• the respective plasticizing system cylinder / screw was used to melt and convey the respective material. Both material melts were added together in the coex adapter and the web plate die and formed a composite after leaving the die and cooling in the calibrator.
• the other facilities were used to transport, cut and place the extruded plates.
• Makrolon ® 1243 A branched bisphenol A polycarbonate having 0.3 mol% isatinbiscresol "al 's ⁇ ⁇ desperation TlM ⁇ mem ⁇ r ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ örr2' 23 _ ⁇ söwie rrrerTela ⁇ iven einsvisk ⁇ sitäfvörr 0.5 g / 100 ml,
• Makrolon ® 3103 a linear bisphenol A polycarbonate having M w of 31,887 and a ⁇ relative solution viscosity of 0.5 g / 100 mL as base materials as well

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

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