WO2004090214A1 - Method for stitch-bonding or finishing a material web by means of hydrodynamic needling, and product produced according to this method - Google Patents

Method for stitch-bonding or finishing a material web by means of hydrodynamic needling, and product produced according to this method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004090214A1
WO2004090214A1 PCT/EP2004/050402 EP2004050402W WO2004090214A1 WO 2004090214 A1 WO2004090214 A1 WO 2004090214A1 EP 2004050402 W EP2004050402 W EP 2004050402W WO 2004090214 A1 WO2004090214 A1 WO 2004090214A1
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Prior art keywords
metal fibers
fabrics
fibers
nonwoven fabric
metal
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PCT/EP2004/050402
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jochen Schreiber
Eberhart Berger
Margot Brodtka
Ullrich MÜNSTERMANN
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Fleissner Gmbh
Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V.
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Application filed by Fleissner Gmbh, Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. filed Critical Fleissner Gmbh
Priority to US10/552,243 priority Critical patent/US20060277731A1/en
Priority to EP04725063A priority patent/EP1613801A1/en
Priority to EA200501510A priority patent/EA007317B1/en
Priority to JP2006505505A priority patent/JP2006522877A/en
Publication of WO2004090214A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004090214A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4234—Metal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/52—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/115—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nonwoven fabric, woven or knitted fabric consisting of metal fibers or filaments, which is to be consolidated or refined.
  • Metal fibers are produced, for example, by the bundle cold-drawing process (US Pat. No. 3,379,000), a machining process (peeling off the rolled edge of a metal foil roll according to US Pat. No. 4,930,199) or directly from the melt, for example by extrusion, as described in U.S. Pat. Patent 5524704.
  • Threads with homogeneous blends can be realized over the thread cross-section, but also the production of multi-thread wrapping yarns with metal fibers in the core and textile fibers in the jacket is practiced.
  • the disadvantage of all the mechanical consolidation processes mentioned is that the metal elements are subjected to high wear and tear, such as e.g. Knitting, knitting, felting needles, etc. They have to be replaced after a short period of use by new strengthening elements, which additionally incurs the costs for the wear material and the downtimes resulting from the replacement of the worn parts increase the manufacturing costs of a consolidated metal fiber nonwoven.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a nonwoven in which
  • Manufacturing the complicated labor and time-consuming thread forming process can be avoided, at least partially, preferably 100% metal fibers, without any textile carrier fibers, the wear of strengthening elements is reduced or completely eliminated, and thin fabrics with a high pore volume but small pore sizes can be realized.
  • This object is achieved in that a material web consisting at least partially of metal fibers or metal filaments is strengthened and / or refined by means of high-energy water jets into a ready-to-use material or the like.
  • the object is achieved by realizing high impact forces or impulse forces by using working medium pressures> 200 bar
  • a carrier tape or a perforated drum with an open area of 20 to 50%, or a screen covering or 20 to 100 mesh, preferably 60 mesh, for the removal of the solidification medium.
  • a thin, closed or patterned openwork spunlace nonwoven fabric is also made of 100% metal fibers, without the need for textile backing fibers, labor-intensive and time-consuming thread formation, a preparation to avoid static Charges and to ensure good fiber sliding properties between fiber / fiber, fiber / strengthening elements and
  • Fiber / transport organs is required and some wear occurs on the strengthening elements, as a strengthening agent
  • Example 1 The invention is explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments.
  • Example 1 The invention is explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments.
  • Example 1
  • a spunlace system consisting of 100% metal fibers and weighing 300 g / m 2 and aerodynamically formed is fed to the spunlace system.
  • the normal density of the alloy of the metal fibers was found to be 8 g / cm 3 .
  • the 12 ⁇ m thick, rustproof metal fibers are made of a chromium-iron alloy.
  • the metal fiber fleece is consolidated with high-energy water jets.
  • the water emerges from a nozzle plate with nozzles arranged in a row with a diameter of 0.14 mm, with a capillary density of 40 pieces / inch working width and under a process water pressure of 20 bar on the first nozzle bar and 300 bar on the second nozzle bar ,
  • These hardening parameters result in maximum tensile forces of 19 N in the longitudinal direction and 26 N in the transverse direction with a maximum tensile force expansion of 34% in the longitudinal direction and 53% in the transverse direction.
  • the arrangement and type of fleece corresponds to that of Example 1.
  • nozzle plates with nozzles of 0.10 mm in diameter and 40 pcs./inch working width are used.
  • the solidification medium is under a working pressure of 20 or 400 bar.
  • the metal fiber fleece consolidated under these parameters has maximum tensile forces of 24 N in the longitudinal direction and 32 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force strains of 31% in the longitudinal direction and 33% in the transverse direction.
  • the arrangement and type of fleece corresponds to that of Example 2.
  • 36 nozzles per inch working width are used.
  • the maximum tensile forces are 42 N in the longitudinal direction and 49 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force strains of 37% in the longitudinal direction and 43% in the transverse direction.
  • the spunlace nonwoven fabric of this example has completely identical force-elongation values in the initial and medium stress range for the longitudinal and transverse directions, i.e. it is absolutely isotropic there.
  • the porosity of the metal fiber nonwoven can be adjusted over a wide range by the choice of the consolidation parameters.
  • the pore volume is 97-99%. Depending on the process data, a pore volume of 60 to 99% can also be achieved.
  • Example 3 comes with three nozzle plates in corresponding nozzle bars Working pressure of 20/500/500 bar for use
  • the maximum tensile forces are 89 N in the longitudinal and 78 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force expansions of 29% in the longitudinal and 34% in the transverse direction. This example shows that a higher strength can be achieved in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction.
  • the arrangement and type of the nonwoven corresponds to that of example 3.
  • the consolidation process by high-energy water jets is followed by a pressing or calibration process.
  • the strength and the porosity of the metal fiber nonwoven can thus be influenced.
  • the metal fiber fleece to be consolidated is subjected to a spunlace treatment using 36 nozzles per inch working width with a diameter of 0.10 mm, a 20 mesh mesh sieve and a working medium pressure of 500 bar, and is perforated according to the pattern for use as a burner surface or the like ,
  • Embodiment 7 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 7:
  • a metal wire mesh positioned between two metal fiber nonwovens with a mesh size of, for example, 10 ⁇ 10 mm is subjected to a spunlace treatment using 36 nozzles per inch working width with a diameter of 0.10 mm, a support screen of 60 mesh and a working medium pressure of 500 bar. This causes the nonwovens to solidify into a smooth surface with small pore openings while at the same time housing the metal mesh.
  • Such metal composites are used in filter tasks where high thermal loads occur. It has solidified Metal fiber fleece to perform the filtering tasks and the metal mesh to perform the function of the reinforcement.
  • nonwovens with a thickness between 1.5 and 3.4 mm were produced.
  • the bulk density was about 8 mm.
  • the density of the spunlace nonwovens was between 0.1 and 0.2 g / cm 3 .
  • the achievable porosity is between 60 to 99%.
  • the described nonwovens can be used, for example, in filter and burner technology, particularly where high thermal loads occur, in the EMC area, to implement explosion protection, etc.

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to subject a non-woven, which consists, at least in part, of metal fibers, to a stitch-bonding or surface finishing by means of hydrodynamic needling. The respective material web can be produced exclusively from metal fibers but can also be produced from a blend consisting of metal fibers and textile fibers. The hydrodynamic water pressure during needling depends on the desired pore volume after stitch-bonding.

Description

Fleissπer GmbHFleissπer GmbH
&&
Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V.Saxon Textile Research Institute
I. April 2004April 1, 2004
Verfahren zur Verfestigung oder Veredelung einer Warenbahπ mittels hydrodynamischer Vernadelung und Produkt nach diesem VerfahrenProcess for the consolidation or refinement of a goods web by means of hydrodynamic needling and product according to this process
Die Erfindung betrifft einen aus Metallfasern bzw. -filamenten bestehenden Vliesstoff, Gewebe oder Gewirke, das zu verfestigen oder zu veredeln ist.The invention relates to a nonwoven fabric, woven or knitted fabric consisting of metal fibers or filaments, which is to be consolidated or refined.
Bekannt ist die Verfestigung von Vliesen aus textilen Fasern wie organischen und anorganischen Stoffen sowie natürlichen und synthetischen Polymeren mittels des Spunlaceverfah- rens, wobei die Fasergebilde einer hydrodynamischen Vernadelung unterzogen werden.It is known to bond nonwovens made of textile fibers such as organic and inorganic substances and natural and synthetic polymers by means of the spunlace method, the fiber structures being subjected to hydrodynamic needling.
Metallfasern werden beispielsweise nach dem Bündel-Kaltziehverfahren (US 3 379 000), einem spanabhebenden Verfahren (Abschälen des gerollten Randes einer Metallfolienrolle nach US 4 930 199) oder direkt aus der Schmelze, beispielsweise durch Extrusion, wie im U.S. Patent 5524704 beschrieben, hergestellt.Metal fibers are produced, for example, by the bundle cold-drawing process (US Pat. No. 3,379,000), a machining process (peeling off the rolled edge of a metal foil roll according to US Pat. No. 4,930,199) or directly from the melt, for example by extrusion, as described in U.S. Pat. Patent 5524704.
Die Vliesbildung aus z. B. 100 % Metallfasern erfolgt derzeit nach mechanischenThe formation of fleece from z. B. 100% metal fibers are currently made by mechanical
Vliesbildungsverfahren über Walzenkrempeln, dem aerodynamischen Vliesbildungsverfahren und dem Nassvliesverfahren und verlangt spezielles Know-how.Fleece formation process via roll carding, the aerodynamic fleece formation process and the wet fleece process and requires special know-how.
Nachteile bei der Herstellung von Bändern, Kammgarnen und Streichgarnen aus Metallfasern ergeben sich insbesondere daraus, dass zur Aufrechterhaltung des Fadenbildungsprozesses unbedingt ein Anteil textiler Trägerfasern erforderlich ist. Dabei können Fäden mit homogenen Mischungen über den Fadenquerschnitt realisiert werden, aber auch die Herstellung von Multifϊlament-Umwindegarnen mit Metallfasern im Kern und textilen Fasern im Mantel wird praktiziert.Disadvantages in the production of ribbons, worsted and carded yarns from metal fibers result in particular from the fact that a portion of textile carrier fibers is absolutely necessary to maintain the thread formation process. Threads with homogeneous blends can be realized over the thread cross-section, but also the production of multi-thread wrapping yarns with metal fibers in the core and textile fibers in the jacket is practiced.
Bekannt ist auch die Herstellung von Flächengebilden aus derartigen fadenförmigen Gebilden, wie es beispielsweise in der DE 699 01 941 T2 beschrieben ist. Danach werden Gestricke aus Garnen mit unterschiedlichem Metallfasergehalt hergestellt. Auch hierbei ist neben dem komplizierten Fadenbildungsprozess die Verwendung von textilen Fasermaterialien zur Aufrechterhaltung des Strickprozesses erforderlich. Die Verfestigung aerodynamisch gebildeter Vliese nach dem mechanischen Nadelverfahren ist ebenfalls bekannt. So enthält eine in der DE 698 03 085 T2 beschriebene Brennermembrane zumindest eine mechanisch genadelte Metallfaserschicht. Nachteilig beim mechanischen Nadeln ist neben der diskontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise auch die Notwendigkeit, eine große Mindestmasse bzw. -dicke realisieren zu müssen, um einen Verfestigungseffekt erzielen zu können.It is also known to produce flat structures from such thread-like structures, as is described, for example, in DE 699 01 941 T2. Then knits are made from yarns with different metal fiber content. Here too, in addition to the complicated thread-forming process, the use of textile fiber materials is required to maintain the knitting process. The consolidation of aerodynamically formed nonwovens by the mechanical needle method is also known. A burner membrane described in DE 698 03 085 T2 contains at least one mechanically needled metal fiber layer. In addition to the discontinuous method of working, mechanical needles also have the disadvantage of having to realize a large minimum mass or thickness in order to achieve a consolidation effect.
Nachteilig für alle genannten mechanischen Verfestigungsverfahren ist bei der Verarbeitung von Metallfasern neben den oben genannten Schwierigkeiten der hohe Verschleiß der Verfestigungselemente, wie z.B. Wirk-, Strick-, Feltingnadeln usw.. Sie müssen nach kurzer Nutzungszeit durch neue Verfestigungselemente ersetzt werden, wodurch zusätzlich die Kosten für das Verschleißmaterial anfallen und die aus dem Austauschen der verschlissenen Teile resultierenden Stillstandszeiten die Herstellungskosten eines verfestigten Metallfaservliesstoffes ansteigen lassen.In addition to the difficulties mentioned above, the disadvantage of all the mechanical consolidation processes mentioned is that the metal elements are subjected to high wear and tear, such as e.g. Knitting, knitting, felting needles, etc. They have to be replaced after a short period of use by new strengthening elements, which additionally incurs the costs for the wear material and the downtimes resulting from the replacement of the worn parts increase the manufacturing costs of a consolidated metal fiber nonwoven.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Vliesstoff zu schaffen, bei dessenThe invention is therefore based on the object to provide a nonwoven in which
Herstellung der komplizierte arbeits- und zeitaufwändige Fadenbildungsprozess umgangen werden kann, zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise 100 % Metallfasern, ohnejegliche textile Trägerfasern, zur Anwendung gelangen, der Verschleiß von Verfestigungselementen verringert wird bzw. gänzlich entfällt, und dünne Flächengebilde mit einem hohen Porenvolumen bei aber kleinen Porengrößen realisiert werden können.Manufacturing the complicated labor and time-consuming thread forming process can be avoided, at least partially, preferably 100% metal fibers, without any textile carrier fibers, the wear of strengthening elements is reduced or completely eliminated, and thin fabrics with a high pore volume but small pore sizes can be realized.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass eine aus zumindest teilweise aus Metallfasern oder Metallfilamenten bestehende Warenbahn mittels energiereicher Wasserstrahlen zu einem gebrauchsfertigen wie Stoff od. dgl. verfestigt und/oder veredelt wird.This object is achieved in that a material web consisting at least partially of metal fibers or metal filaments is strengthened and / or refined by means of high-energy water jets into a ready-to-use material or the like.
Durch die einerseits voranschreitende Verfeinerung der Metallfasern und andererseits durch die Verbesserung der Vliesbildung konnte im Zusammenhang mit der Anwendung hoher Arbeitsmitteldrücke überraschenderweise festgestellt werden, dass ein hydrodynamisches Verfestigen von Metallfaservliesen mittels energiereicher Wasserstrahlen nach dem bekannten Spunlace-Verfahren möglich ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Realisierung hoher Prallkräfte bzw. Impulskräfte durch die Anwendung von Arbeitsmitteldrücken > 200 bar und durchDue to the progressive refinement of the metal fibers on the one hand and the improvement of the fleece formation in connection with the use of high working medium pressures, it was surprisingly found that hydrodynamic consolidation of metal fiber fleeces is possible using high-energy water jets using the known spunlace method. According to the invention, the object is achieved by realizing high impact forces or impulse forces by using working medium pressures> 200 bar
Nutzung spezieller Düsengeometrieπ (z. B. zylindrisch, konisch, doppelkonisch, zylindrisch und konisch kombiniert in verschiedenen Verhältnissen), Einsatz von Bohrungsdurchmessern z.B. zwischen 0,08 und 0,5 mm Auswahl einer auf den Verwendungszweck ausgerichteten Anzahl Düsen je inch ArbeitsbreiteUse of special nozzle geometry (e.g. cylindrical, conical, double-conical, cylindrical and conical combined in different ratios), use of bore diameters e.g. between 0.08 and 0.5 mm Selection of a number of nozzles per inch of working width based on the intended use
Verwendung von mindestens 2 bis 8 DüsenbalkenUse of at least 2 to 8 nozzle bars
Verwendung von ein- bis vierreihigen Düsenbalken in gleichförmiger oder ungleichförmiger Anordnung der KapillarenUse of one to four row nozzle bars in a uniform or non-uniform arrangement of the capillaries
Beaufschlagung mit dem Verfestigungsmedium von beiden Seiten, z.B. im Wechsel nach jedem Düsenbalken oder erst nach dem Passieren mehrerer Düsenbalken Nutzung eines Trägerbandes bzw. einer durchbrochenen Trommel mit einer offenen Fläche von 20 bis 50 %, oder eine Siebbespannung oder 20 bis 100 mesh, vorzugsweise 60 mesh, für das Abführen des Verfestigungsmediums gelöst.Application of the hardening medium from both sides, e.g. alternately after each nozzle bar or only after passing through several nozzle bars, use a carrier tape or a perforated drum with an open area of 20 to 50%, or a screen covering or 20 to 100 mesh, preferably 60 mesh, for the removal of the solidification medium.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird ein dünner, eine geschlossene oder mustergemäß durchbrochene Oberfläche aufweisender Spunlace-Vliesstoff aus auch 100% Metallfasern geschaffen, ohne dass bei seiner Herstellung textile Trägerfasern erforderlich sind, eine arbeits- und zeitaufwändige Fadenbildung notwendig ist, eine Präparation zur Vermeidung von statischen Aufladungen und zur Gewährleistung guter Fasergleiteigenschaften zwischen Faser/Faser, Faser/Verfestigungselementen undWith the solution according to the invention, a thin, closed or patterned openwork spunlace nonwoven fabric is also made of 100% metal fibers, without the need for textile backing fibers, labor-intensive and time-consuming thread formation, a preparation to avoid static Charges and to ensure good fiber sliding properties between fiber / fiber, fiber / strengthening elements and
Faser/Transportorganen benötigt wird und irgendein Verschleiß an den Verfestigungselementen eintritt, da als VerfestigungsmittelFiber / transport organs is required and some wear occurs on the strengthening elements, as a strengthening agent
Wasser zur Anwendung gelangt.Water is used.
Rein technisch ist jedoch die Mitverwendung nichtmetallischer textiler Fasermaterialien ohne Probleme möglich. Es entspricht deshalb auch dem Erfindungsgedanken, dass bei Erfordernis spezieller Erzeugniseigenschaften textile Fasern in jedem Mischungsverhältnis mit verwendet werden.Technically, however, the use of non-metallic textile fiber materials is possible without any problems. It therefore also corresponds to the idea of the invention that, if special product properties are required, textile fibers are used in every mixing ratio.
In Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Ausführungsbeispiel 1 :The invention is explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments. Example 1:
Ein aus 100 % Metallfasern bestehendes, 300 g/m2 schweres, aerodynamisch gebildetes Vlies wird der Spunlace-Anlage zugeführt. Die Normaldichte der Legierung der Metallfasern wurde mit 8 g/cm3 festgestellt. Die in diesem Fall 12 μm dicken, nichtrostenden Metallfasern bestehen aus einer Chrom-Eisen-Legierung. Das Metallfaservlies wird mit energiereichen Wasserstrahlen verfestigt. Das Wasser tritt aus einem Düsenblechen mit in einer Reihe angeordneten Düsen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,14 mm, in einer Kapillardichte von 40 Stck./inch Arbeitsbreite und unter einem Prozesswasserdruck von 20 bar an dem ersten Düsenbalken und 300 bar an dem zweiten Düsenbalken aus. Aus diesen Verfestigungsparametern resultieren Höchstzugkräfte von 19 N in Längs- und 26 N in Querrichtung bei einer Höchstzugkraftdehnungen von 34 % in Längs- und 53 % in Querrichtung.A spunlace system consisting of 100% metal fibers and weighing 300 g / m 2 and aerodynamically formed is fed to the spunlace system. The normal density of the alloy of the metal fibers was found to be 8 g / cm 3 . The 12 μm thick, rustproof metal fibers are made of a chromium-iron alloy. The metal fiber fleece is consolidated with high-energy water jets. The water emerges from a nozzle plate with nozzles arranged in a row with a diameter of 0.14 mm, with a capillary density of 40 pieces / inch working width and under a process water pressure of 20 bar on the first nozzle bar and 300 bar on the second nozzle bar , These hardening parameters result in maximum tensile forces of 19 N in the longitudinal direction and 26 N in the transverse direction with a maximum tensile force expansion of 34% in the longitudinal direction and 53% in the transverse direction.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2:Example 2:
Die Anordnung und die Art des VIlieses entspricht dem des Beispiels 1. Im Gegensatz zum Beispiel 1 werden Düsenbleche m tiit Düsen von 0,10 mm Durchmesser und 40 Stck./inch Ar- beitsbreite eingesetzt. Das Verfest tiigungsmedium steht unter einem Arbeitsdruck von 20 bzw. 400 bar. Das unter diesen Parametern verfestigte Metallfaservlies verfügt über Höchstzugkräfte von 24 N in Längs- und 32 N in Querrichtung bei Höchstzugkraftdehnungen von 31 % in Längs- und 33 % in Querrichtung.The arrangement and type of fleece corresponds to that of Example 1. In contrast to Example 1, nozzle plates with nozzles of 0.10 mm in diameter and 40 pcs./inch working width are used. The solidification medium is under a working pressure of 20 or 400 bar. The metal fiber fleece consolidated under these parameters has maximum tensile forces of 24 N in the longitudinal direction and 32 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force strains of 31% in the longitudinal direction and 33% in the transverse direction.
Ausführungsbeispiel 3:Example 3:
Die Anordnung und die Art des Vlieses entspricht dem des Beispiels 2. Im Gegensatz zum Beispiel 2 kommen 36 Düsen pro inch Arbeitsbreite zum Einsatz. Die Höchstzugkräfte betragen 42 N in Längs- und 49 N in Querrichlung bei Höchstzugkraftdehnungen von 37 % in Längs- und 43 % in Querrichtung.The arrangement and type of fleece corresponds to that of Example 2. In contrast to Example 2, 36 nozzles per inch working width are used. The maximum tensile forces are 42 N in the longitudinal direction and 49 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force strains of 37% in the longitudinal direction and 43% in the transverse direction.
Der Spunlace-Vliesstoff dieses Beispiels verfügt im Anfangs- und mittleren Beanspruchungsbereich für die Längs- und Querrichtung über vollkommen identische Kraft-Dehnungs- Werte, d.h. er ist dort absolut istotrop . Ebenso lässt sich durch die Wahl der Verfestigungsparameter die Porosität des Metallfaservliesstoffes in weiten Bereichen einstellen. Das Porenvolumen beträgt 97 - 99. %. Es kann aber auch je nach Prozessdaten ein Porenvolumen von 60 bis 99 % erzielt werden.The spunlace nonwoven fabric of this example has completely identical force-elongation values in the initial and medium stress range for the longitudinal and transverse directions, i.e. it is absolutely isotropic there. Likewise, the porosity of the metal fiber nonwoven can be adjusted over a wide range by the choice of the consolidation parameters. The pore volume is 97-99%. Depending on the process data, a pore volume of 60 to 99% can also be achieved.
Ausführungsbeispiel 4:Example 4:
Die Anordnung und die Art des Vlieses entspricht dem des Beispiels 3. Im Gegensatz zumThe arrangement and type of the fleece corresponds to that of Example 3. In contrast to
Beispiel 3 kommen drei Düsenbleche in entsprechenden Düsenbalken bei einem Arbeitsmitteldruck von 20/500/500 bar zur Anwendung Die Höchstzugkräfte betragen 89 N in Längs- und 78 N in Querrichtung bei Höchstzugkraftdehnungen von 29 % in Längs- und 34 % in Querrichtung. Mit diesem Beispiel kann gezeigt werden, dass eine höhere Festigkeit in Längsrichtung als in Querrichtung erzielt werden kann.Example 3 comes with three nozzle plates in corresponding nozzle bars Working pressure of 20/500/500 bar for use The maximum tensile forces are 89 N in the longitudinal and 78 N in the transverse direction with maximum tensile force expansions of 29% in the longitudinal and 34% in the transverse direction. This example shows that a higher strength can be achieved in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction.
Ausführungsbeispiel 5:Example 5:
Die Anordnung und die Art des Vlieses entspricht dem des Beispiels 3. Im Gegensatz zum Beispiel 3 schließt sich an den Verfestigungsvorgang durch energiereiche Wasserstrahlen ein Press- oder Kalibriervorgang an. Damit kann zusätzlich zur Verfestigung mittels Wasserstrahlen die Festigkeit und die Porosität des Metallfaservliesstoffes beeinflusst werden.The arrangement and type of the nonwoven corresponds to that of example 3. In contrast to example 3, the consolidation process by high-energy water jets is followed by a pressing or calibration process. In addition to the strengthening by means of water jets, the strength and the porosity of the metal fiber nonwoven can thus be influenced.
Diese Ausführungsbeispiele zeigen, dass die Höchstzugkraft in Längsrichtung (HZKL) und in Querrichtung (HZKQ) gezielt gesteuert werden können und das Verhältnis zwischen Höchstzugkraft, längs zu Höchstzugkraft, quer von >1 über =1 bis <1 eingestellt werden kann. Von großer Bedeutung ist, dass es durch Anwendung ausgewählter Verfestigungsparameter möglich ist, das Kraft-Dehnungs-Verhalten im Anfangs- und mittleren Beanspruchungsbereich vollkommen isotrop zu gestalten. Im gleichen Maße ist es möglich, die Porosität des Metallfaservliesstoffes in weiten Bereichen zu einzustellen.These exemplary embodiments show that the maximum tensile force in the longitudinal direction (HZKL) and in the transverse direction (HZKQ) can be specifically controlled and the ratio between maximum tensile force, longitudinal to maximum tensile force, can be set transversely from> 1 to = 1 to <1. It is of great importance that the use of selected hardening parameters makes it possible to design the force-strain behavior in the initial and medium stress range to be completely isotropic. To the same extent, it is possible to adjust the porosity of the metal fiber nonwoven in a wide range.
Ausführungsbeispiel 6:Example 6:
Das zu verfestigende Metallfaservlies wird unter Anwendung von 36 Düsen pro inch Arbeitsbreite mit einem Durchmesser von 0,10 mm, eines Unterlagesiebes der Feinheit 20 mesh und eines Arbeitsmitteldruckes von 500 bar einer Spunlace-Behandlung unterzogen und dabei mustergemäß für den Einsatz als Brenneroberfläche oder dergleichen perforiert.The metal fiber fleece to be consolidated is subjected to a spunlace treatment using 36 nozzles per inch working width with a diameter of 0.10 mm, a 20 mesh mesh sieve and a working medium pressure of 500 bar, and is perforated according to the pattern for use as a burner surface or the like ,
Ausführungsbeispiel 7:Embodiment 7:
Ein zwischen zwei Metallfaservliesen positioniertes Metalldrahtgewebe mit einer Maschenweite von z.B. 10 x 10 mm wird unter Anwendung von 36 Düsen pro inch Arbeitsbreite mit einem Durchmesser von 0,10 mm, eines Unterlagesiebes von 60 mesh und eines Arbeitsmitteldruckes von 500 bar einer Spunlace-Behandlung unterzogen. Dabei tritt eine Verfestigung der Vliese zu einer glatten Oberfläche mit kleinen Porenöffnungen bei gleichzeitiger Einhausen des Metallgewebes ein. Derartige Metallverbunde kommen bei Filteraufgaben, bei denen eine hohe thermische Belastung eintritt, zum Einsatz. Dabei hat das verfestigte Metallfaservlies die Filteraufgaben und das Metallgewebe die Funktion des Festigkeitsträgers zu erfüllen.A metal wire mesh positioned between two metal fiber nonwovens with a mesh size of, for example, 10 × 10 mm is subjected to a spunlace treatment using 36 nozzles per inch working width with a diameter of 0.10 mm, a support screen of 60 mesh and a working medium pressure of 500 bar. This causes the nonwovens to solidify into a smooth surface with small pore openings while at the same time housing the metal mesh. Such metal composites are used in filter tasks where high thermal loads occur. It has solidified Metal fiber fleece to perform the filtering tasks and the metal mesh to perform the function of the reinforcement.
In den Versuchen wurden Vliesstoffe in einer Dicke zwischen 1, 5 und 3,4 mm hergestellt, Die Rohdichte war etwa 8 mm. Die Dichte der Spunlace -Vliesstoffe betrug zwischen 0,1 bis 0,2 g/cm3. Die erzielbare Porosität beträgt zwischen 60 bis 99 %.In the tests, nonwovens with a thickness between 1.5 and 3.4 mm were produced. The bulk density was about 8 mm. The density of the spunlace nonwovens was between 0.1 and 0.2 g / cm 3 . The achievable porosity is between 60 to 99%.
Der Einsatz der beschriebenen Vliesstoffe kann beispielsweise in der Filter- und Brennertechnik, insbesondere dort, wo hohe thermische Belastungen auftreten, im EMV-Bereich, zur Realisierung des Explosionsschutzes usw. erfolgen. The described nonwovens can be used, for example, in filter and burner technology, particularly where high thermal loads occur, in the EMC area, to implement explosion protection, etc.

Claims

Fleissner GmbH & Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. I . April 2004 P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e : Fleissner GmbH & Saxon Textile Research Institute eV I. April 2004 P atent claims:
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verfestigten Warenbahn mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine aus zumindest teilweise aus Metallfasern oder Metallfilamenten bestehende Warenbahn mittels energiereicher Wasserstrahlen zu einem gebrauchsfertigen wie Stoff od. dgl. verfestigt und/oder veredelt wird.1. A method for producing a solidified web of material by means of hydrodynamic needling, characterized in that a web of material consisting at least partially of metal fibers or metal filaments is solidified and/or refined into a ready-to-use fabric or the like using high-energy water jets.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn als Vlies zumindest teilweise unter Umgehung einer Garnbildung aus uπversponnenen Metallfasern gebildet und eine solche Warenbahn der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zu Verfestigung ausgesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web of material is formed as a fleece at least partially avoiding yarn formation from unspun metal fibers and such a web of material is exposed to hydrodynamic needling to solidify.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn als Gewebe oder Gewirke zumindest teilweise unter Verwendung von gesponnenen Garnen aus Metallfasern gebildet wird und eine solche Warenbahn der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zur Veredelung ausgesetzt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web of material is formed as a woven or knitted fabric at least partially using spun yarns made of metal fibers and such a web of material is subjected to hydrodynamic needling for finishing.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die Warenbahn aus Metallfasern oder -filamenten textile Fasern vermischt sind und beide zusammen mit der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zur Verfestigung oder Veredelung beaufschlagt werden.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that textile fibers are mixed into the web of metal fibers or filaments and both are applied together with the hydrodynamic needling for solidification or finishing.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn zu 100 % aus Metallfasern oder -filamenten besteht und eine solche Warenbahn mit der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zur Verfestigung oder Veredelung beaufschlagt wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web consists of 100% metal fibers or filaments and such a web is subjected to hydrodynamic needling for solidification or finishing.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hydrodynamische Vernadelung mit einem Druck > 200 bar durchgeführt wird. 6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrodynamic needling is carried out at a pressure > 200 bar.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Warenbahn ein Gewebe, Gewirke, Gestricke, Nähgewirke, Vliesgewirke, Nadelvliesstoff hergestellt aus zumindest teilweise Metallfasern oder -filamenten einer Wasserstrahlbehandlung zur Eigenschaftsveränderung wie z.B. Nachverfestigung, Dichteveränderung, Glättung, Aufrauung usw. unterzogen wird.7. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web is a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, sewn fabric, nonwoven fabric, needle-punched nonwoven fabric made from at least partially metal fibers or filaments from a water jet treatment to change properties such as post-consolidation, change in density, smoothing, roughening, etc. is subjected to.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Metallfaservliese mit aus Metallfasern oder -filamenten hergestellten Geweben, Gewirken, Gestricken, Nähgewirken, Vliesgewirken, Nadelvliesstoffen usw., die aus 100 % Metallfasern, aber auch aus Kombinationen von Metallfasern und textilen Fasern bestehen, zu Verbunden mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zusammengefügt werden.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that metal fiber nonwovens with fabrics made from metal fibers or filaments, knitted fabrics, crocheted fabrics, sewn-knit fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, needle-punched nonwovens, etc., which are made from 100% metal fibers, but also from combinations of metal fibers and textile fibers consist of composites using hydrodynamic needling.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Wasserstrahlverfestigung ein Press- und/oder Kalibriervorgang anschließt.9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydroentanglement is followed by a pressing and/or calibrating process.
10. Vliesstoff dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zumindest teilweise aus unversponnenen Metallfasern bzw. -filamenten besteht und zur Verfestigung mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung behandelt ist.10. Nonwoven fabric characterized in that it consists at least partially of unspun metal fibers or filaments and is treated for solidification by means of hydrodynamic needling.
11. Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zu 100 % aus unversponnenen Metallfasern bzw. -filamenten besteht und zur Verfestigung mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung behandelt ist.11. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 10, characterized in that it consists of 100% unspun metal fibers or filaments and is treated for solidification by means of hydrodynamic needling.
12. Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallfasern bzw. -filamente miteinander und ineinander verschlungen, verwirbelt bzw. verhakt sind, ohne Maschen zu bilden.12. Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the metal fibers or filaments are intertwined, swirled or entangled with one another and into one another without forming stitches.
13. Spunlace-Vliesstoff aus Metallfasern nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zu verfestigenden Fasern aus einer homogenen Mischung von Metallfasern und textilen Fasern bestehen.13. Spunlace nonwoven fabric made of metal fibers according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the fibers to be consolidated consist of a homogeneous mixture of metal fibers and textile fibers.
14. Spunlace-Vliesstoff aus Metallfasern nach Anspruch 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zu verfestigenden Fasern Bestandteil von Schichtvliesen sind, wobei sich die Schichtvliese aus zwei oder mehreren Schichten zusammensetzen. 14. Spunlace nonwoven fabric made of metal fibers according to claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the fibers to be consolidated are part of layered nonwovens, the layered nonwovens being composed of two or more layers.
15. Spunlace-Vliesstoff aus Metallfasern nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schichten aus Metallfasern oder textilen Fasern oder wiederum aus ho ogenen Mischungen von Metallfasern und textilen Fasern bestehen.15. Spunlace nonwoven fabric made of metal fibers according to claim 14, characterized in that the layers consist of metal fibers or textile fibers or again of ho ogeneous mixtures of metal fibers and textile fibers.
16. Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass keinerlei fadenförmiges Material enthalten ist.16. Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claims 10 to 15, characterized in that no thread-like material is contained.
1 . Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeich net, dass zusätzlich Fadenmaterial eingearbeitet ist.1 . Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claims 10 to 15, characterized in that additional thread material is incorporated.
18. Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzliche Flächengebilde wie z.B. Gewebe, Gewirke, Nadelvliesstoffe usw., bestehend aus metallischen Materialien oder textilen Faserstoffen, eingearbeitet oder seitlich angeheftet sind.18. Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claims 10 to 17, characterized in that additional fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, needle-punched nonwovens, etc., consisting of metallic materials or textile fibers, are incorporated or attached to the side.
19. Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Porenvolumen, die Porengröße und die Dicke durch einen sich der Wasserstrahl Verfestigung anschließenden Press- und/oder Kalibriervorgang verändert ist.19. Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claims 10 to 18, characterized in that the pore volume, the pore size and the thickness are changed by a pressing and / or calibration process following the water jet solidification.
20. Spunlace-Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 10 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er anforderungsgerecht mustergemäße Perforationen besitzt.20. Spunlace nonwoven fabric according to claims 10 to 19, characterized in that it has perforations in accordance with the requirements.
21. Aus Metallfasern hergestellte Gewebe, Gewirke, Gestricke, Nähgewirke, Vliesgewirke , Nadelvliesstoffe usw., dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Nachbehandlung mit energiereichen Wasserstrahlen eine Eigenschaftsveränderung wie z.B. Nachverfestigung, Dichteveränderung, Glättung, Aufrauung usw. eingetreten ist.21. Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, sewn fabrics, non-woven fabrics, needle-punched nonwovens, etc. made from metal fibers, characterized in that a change in properties such as post-consolidation, change in density, smoothing, roughening, etc. has occurred as a result of post-treatment with high-energy water jets.
22. Verbünde, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Metallfaservliese mit aus Metallfasern oder Metallfilamenten hergestellten Geweben, Gewirken, Gestricken, Nähgewirken, Vliesgewirken und/oder Nadelvliesstoffen usw. in den unterschiedlichsten Kombinationen mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung zu einem Verbund zusammengefügt sind. 22. Composites, characterized in that metal fiber nonwovens are combined with woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, crocheted fabrics, sewn fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and/or needlepunched nonwovens, etc. made from metal fibers or metal filaments into a composite in a wide variety of combinations by means of hydrodynamic needling.
PCT/EP2004/050402 2003-04-08 2004-04-01 Method for stitch-bonding or finishing a material web by means of hydrodynamic needling, and product produced according to this method WO2004090214A1 (en)

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US20060277731A1 (en) 2006-12-14
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