EP3257989B1 - Method for producing a stitch-bonded fabric - Google Patents

Method for producing a stitch-bonded fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3257989B1
EP3257989B1 EP17173403.1A EP17173403A EP3257989B1 EP 3257989 B1 EP3257989 B1 EP 3257989B1 EP 17173403 A EP17173403 A EP 17173403A EP 3257989 B1 EP3257989 B1 EP 3257989B1
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Prior art keywords
temperature treatment
fibers
treatment step
nonwoven fabric
fiber
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EP17173403.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3257989A1 (en
Inventor
Anja Schumann
Wolfgang Koppatz
Hagen Hohmuth
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Tenowo GmbH
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Tenowo GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102016120818.3A external-priority patent/DE102016120818A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/52—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • D04B21/165—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads with yarns stitched through one or more layers or tows, e.g. stitch-bonded fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/558—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in combination with mechanical or physical treatments other than embossing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/041—Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nähwirkvliesstoffes auf der Basis einer homogenen Fasermischung, enthaltend Polyesterfasern (PES) und Bindefasern, aus welchen mittels Krempel ein Faserflor erzeugt wird, Legen des Faserflors in mehreren Lagen zu einem Vlies sowie anschließendes Verfestigen des Vlieses mittels Nähwirken gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric based on a homogeneous fiber mixture comprising polyester fibers (PES) and binder fibers, from which a batt is produced by carding, laying the batt in several layers to form a nonwoven and then solidifying the nonwoven by stitching according to Preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DD 217 837 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenstabilisierung von Vlies-Faden-Nähgewirken vorbekannt.From the DD 217 837 A1 For example, a method for surface stabilization of nonwoven suture stitch fabrics is previously known.

Gemäß der dortigen Lehre sollen derartige Nähgewirke, welche zur Pilling- und Flusenbildung neigen, so verfestigt und stabilisiert werden, dass sie höheren Anforderungen, z.B. an Arbeits- und Berufsbekleidung genügen.According to the teaching there, such stitchbonded fabrics, which are prone to pilling and linting, are to be consolidated and stabilized to meet higher requirements, e.g. to work and work clothes are enough.

Diesbezüglich wird das vorgelegte Faserflor vor dem Nähwirken unter Druckeinwirkung erhitzt und teilweise oder ganzflächig angeschmolzen, derart, dass beim Nähwirkprozess der Nadeleinstich vorzugsweise von der angeschmolzenen, also verfestigten Seite aus erfolgt.In this regard, the submitted batt is heated before sewing under pressure and partially or completely melted on, such that in the Nähwirkprozess the needle penetration preferably takes place from the fused, so solidified side.

Bekannt ist darüber hinaus, Vliesstoffe mit einem Anteil an thermoplastischen Faserstoffen herzustellen und durch ein Verschmelzen zu verfestigen, wobei jedoch die Gefahr der Verhärtung des Vliesmaterials besteht.It is also known to produce nonwovens with a proportion of thermoplastic fibers and solidify by fusion, but there is a risk of hardening of the nonwoven material.

Die GB 1 399 153 B offenbart ein Vliesnähgewirke, welches durch Hitzeeinwirkung verfestigt wird, indem die Nichtmaschenseite der Kontakthitze einer Stahlwalze ausgesetzt ist. Durch die Verschmelzung der Vliesfasern wird auf dieser Seite eine Verbesserung der Pillresistenz ereicht.The GB 1 399 153 B discloses a nonwoven sewing fabric which is solidified by heat by exposing the non-mesh side of the contact heat to a steel roll. Due to the fusion of the non-woven fibers, an improvement of the pill-resistance is achieved on this side.

Bekannt ist weiterhin ein Klebeband, aufweisend einen ein Nähvlies umfassenden Träger und eine zumindest einseitig auf den Träger aufgetragene Klebstoffschicht gemäß DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 .Also known is an adhesive tape comprising a backing comprising a stitchbonded fabric and an adhesive layer applied to the backing at least on one side DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 ,

Das Nähvlies enthält Fasern, die vollständig aus Polyester, insbesondere aus Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) bestehen. Die Fasern werden mit mindestens einem Nähfaden eingebunden.The stitchbonded fabric contains fibers which are completely made of polyester, in particular of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The fibers are integrated with at least one sewing thread.

Gemäß der DE 20 2014 106 247 A1 soll die Gebrauchseigenschaft bekannter Klebebänder verbessert werden, und zwar insbesondere durch ein Klebeband mit einer Temperaturbeständigkeit von > 125°C.According to the DE 20 2014 106 247 A1 the performance of known adhesive tapes should be improved, in particular by an adhesive tape with a temperature resistance of> 125 ° C.

Diesbezüglich enthält das vorbekannte Nähvlies neben den aus Polyester bestehenden Fasern Bikomponentenfasern. Hierunter werden Fasern verstanden, welche aus zwei Polymeren mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften hergestellt sind. Als besondere Eigenschaft wird den Bikomponentenfasern ein Kräuselverhalten zugemessen, welches durch unterschiedliches Schrumpfvermögen der Komponenten erreicht wird. Die gemäß DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 eingesetzten Bikomponentenfasern weisen eine Faserfeinheit im Bereich von 1,0 dtex bis 7,6 dtex auf. Das Größenverhältnis von Faserfeinheit zu Kettfadenfeinheit liegt im Bereich von 1:50 bis 5:50. Weiterhin ist das Größenverhältnis der Feinheit der PES-Fasern zur Feinheit der Bikomponentenfasern bevorzugt etwa 1:1.In this regard, the prior art stitchbonded web contains bicomponent fibers in addition to the polyester fibers. This is understood to mean fibers which are produced from two polymers having different physical and / or chemical properties. As a special property of the bicomponent fibers a crimping behavior is attributed, which is achieved by different shrinkage capacity of the components. The according to DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 used bicomponent fibers have a fiber fineness in the range of 1.0 dtex to 7.6 dtex. The size ratio of fiber fineness to warp fineness is in the range of 1:50 to 5:50. Furthermore, the size ratio of the fineness of the PES fibers to the fineness of the bicomponent fibers is preferably about 1: 1.

Das Nähvlies gemäß DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 wird mit der bekannten Nähwirktechnologie gemäß Maliwatt erzeugt. Hierbei wird ein Rohvlies verfestigt, indem dieses, ausgebildet z.B. als gelegter quer getäfelter Faserflor, durch Ein oder Zweifadensysteme verfestigt wird. Diesbezüglich durchsticht ein Schiebernadel-Schließdrahtsytem die Faservorlage und zieht bei der Rückwärtsbewegung ein oder zwei eingelegte Nähfäden durch das zu verfestigende Rohvlies. Danach erfolgt der Abschlag der vorhergehenden Masche und der Abzug der Ware.The sewing fleece according to DE 20 2014 106 247 U1 is produced with the well-known sewing technology according to Maliwatt. In this case, a raw nonwoven is solidified by this, formed, for example, as a laid transversely paneled batt, is solidified by one or two-thread systems. In this regard, a slider needle Schließdrahtsytem pierces the fiber template and pulls in the backward movement one or two inserted sewing threads through the raw nonwoven to be consolidated. Thereafter, the discount of the previous stitch and the deduction of the goods.

Obwohl die im Stand der Technik bekannten Vliesfadennähgewirke bereits sehr gut als technische Bänder geeignet sind, ergeben sich im Vergleich zu klassischen Geweben verschiedene Nachteile. Zum einen ist die Reißfestigkeit eines Vliesfadennähgewirkes in vielen Fällen nicht ausreichend. Zum anderen liegt kein ausreichender Glanzgrad vor, was bei bestimmten Applikationen nachteilig ist.Although the non-woven fabric sewing fabrics known in the prior art are already very well suited as technical tapes, there are various disadvantages compared to conventional fabrics. On the one hand, the tear strength of a fleece-stitch sewing fabric is in many cases not sufficient. On the other hand, there is no sufficient degree of gloss, which is disadvantageous in certain applications.

Aus dem Vorgenannten ist es daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein weiterentwickeltes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nähwirkvliesstoffes auf der Basis einer homogenen Fasermischung, enthaltend Polyesterfasern und Bindefasern, anzugeben, welches einen hohen Glanzgrad mindestens einer Oberflächenseite des zu schaffenden Materials nebst Imitierung einer Gewebeoptik ermöglicht.From the foregoing, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a further developed process for producing a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric based on a homogeneous fiber mixture containing polyester fibers and binder fibers, which allows a high gloss level of at least one surface side of the material to be created together with imitation of a Gewebeoptik.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe der Erfindung erfolgt mit einer Lehre gemäß dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Unteransprüche mindestens zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen umfassen.The object of the invention is achieved by a teaching according to the method of claim 1, wherein the dependent claims comprise at least expedient refinements and developments.

Gemäß der Erfindungslehre wird in an sich bekannter Weise ein Nähgewirkvliesstoff, bevorzugt auf Basis der Maliwatt-Technologie, hergestellt, wobei jedoch die eingesetzte Fasermischung einen Bindefaseranteil von beispielsweise 15% niedrigschmelzende Bindefasern aufweist. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Bindefasern sind sogenannte Kern-Mantel-Fasern, bei denen Kern und Mantel unterschiedliche Schmelztemperaturen besitzen.According to the teaching of the invention, a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric, preferably based on the Maliwatt technology, is produced in a manner known per se, but the fiber mixture used has a binder fiber portion of, for example, 15% low-melting binding fibers. The binder fibers used according to the invention are so-called core-sheath fibers in which core and sheath have different melting temperatures.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt eine nachfolgende thermische Veredelung, insbesondere ein Kalandrieren bei Temperaturen von im Wesentlichen 180°C bis 190°C.According to the invention, a subsequent thermal treatment, in particular a calendering at temperatures of substantially 180 ° C to 190 ° C.

Durch die Temperaturbehandlung bzw. durch eine Mehrschritt-Temperaturbehandlung nebst Druckeinwirkung auf das Vliesmaterial findet ein Auslösen der Bindefasern statt, dies bedeutet, dass bedingt durch die Temperatureinwirkung der niedrigschmelzende Bindefaseranteil aufschmilzt. Die aufgeschmolzenen Bindefasern fixieren dann die Polyesterfasern, so dass im Ergebnis die notwendige Materialhärte und ein gewünschter Materialgriff entsteht.By the temperature treatment or by a multi-step temperature treatment together with pressure on the nonwoven material, a triggering of the binder fibers takes place, this means that due to the effect of temperature of the low melting binder fiber portion melts. The melted binder fibers then fix the polyester fibers, so as a result the necessary material hardness and a desired material handle is created.

In einem zweiten Temperaturbehandlungsschritt, der definiert druckbehaftet erfolgt, wird die gewünschte Materialdicke eingestellt und der Glanzgrad erzeugt.In a second temperature treatment step, which takes place under pressure, the desired material thickness is set and the gloss level is generated.

Da die Fasern im Vliesstoff hauptsächlich quer orientiert sind und die Kettfäden in Maschinenrichtung vorliegen, entsteht eine Gewebeoptik analog gewebetypischer Kett- und Schussfäden.Since the fibers in the nonwoven fabric are mainly oriented transversely and the warp threads are in the machine direction, a fabric optics is created analogous to warp-typical warp and weft threads.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geht also von der Herstellung eines Nähwirkvliesstoffes auf der Basis einer homogenen Fasermischung aus. Diese Fasermischung enthält Polyesterfasern sowie Bindefasern, wobei aus der Mischung mittels Krempel ein Faserflor erzeugt wird. Das Faserflor wird dann in mehreren Lagen insbesondere kreuzgelegt, so dass ein Vlies entsteht. Anschließend erfolgt ein Verfestigen des Vlieses mittels Nähwirken.The inventive method is thus based on the production of a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric based on a homogeneous fiber mixture. This fiber mixture contains polyester fibers as well as binder fibers, whereby a batt is produced from the mixture by means of carding. The batt is then crossed in several layers, in particular, so that a nonwoven is formed. Subsequently, solidification of the nonwoven takes place by means of stitching.

Wie dargelegt, sind die Bindefasern beispielsweise als Bikomponenten-Kern-Mantel-Fasern mit unterschiedlichen Schmelztemperaturen von Kern und Mantel ausgeführt.As stated, the binder fibers are embodied, for example, as bicomponent core-sheath fibers having different melting temperatures of core and sheath.

In einem ersten Temperaturbehandlungsschritt erfolgt das Auslösen der Bindefasern durch Schmelzen des niedrigschmelzenden Bindefaseranteils. Hierbei werden die Polyesterfasern umschlossen und fixiert.In a first temperature treatment step, the triggering of the binder fibers takes place by melting the low-melting binder fiber fraction. Here, the polyester fibers are enclosed and fixed.

In einem zweiten Temperaturbehandlungsschritt erfolgt die Dickeneinstellung und gleichzeitige Oberflächenglanz-Erzeugung, wobei der zweite Temperaturbehandlungsschritt unter einem vorgegebenen hohen Druckwert als Liniendruck realisiert wird, beispielsweise im Bereich von 100 - 500 N/mm.In a second temperature treatment step, the thickness adjustment and simultaneous surface gloss production takes place, wherein the second temperature treatment step is realized under a predetermined high pressure value as a line pressure, for example in the range of 100-500 N / mm.

Das bevorzugte Kalandrieren zur Ausführung der Temperaturbehandlungsschritte kann im Bereich von 130°C bis 250°C erfolgen.The preferred calendering for carrying out the temperature treatment steps may be in the range of 130 ° C to 250 ° C.

Der Mischungsanteil der Bikomponentenfasern liegt im Bereich zwischen 5 bis 30 Gew.-%. Der Mischungsanteil der Polyesterfasern hingegen liegt im Bereich zwischen 70 bis 95 Gew.-%.The mixing ratio of the bicomponent fibers is in the range of 5 to 30 wt .-%. The mixing proportion of the polyester fibers, however, is in the range between 70 to 95 wt .-%.

Das Flächengewicht des zu schaffenden Vliesstoffes wird auf 50 bis 200 g/m2, bevorzugt 60 bis 100 g/m2 eingestellt.The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric to be created is adjusted to 50 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably 60 to 100 g / m 2 .

Die Verweilzeit des Materials im ersten Temperaturbehandlungsschritt ist regelmäßig größer als die Verweilzeit im zweiten Temperaturbehandlungsschritt. Die betreffenden Verweilzeiten werden durch Wahl der Maschinengeschwindigkeit eingestellt.The residence time of the material in the first temperature treatment step is regularly greater than the residence time in the second temperature treatment step. The relevant residence times are set by selecting the machine speed.

Demgemäß lässt sich ein Nähwirkvliesstoff mit hoher Reißfestigkeit in Längsrichtung, einem hohen Oberflächenglanzgrad und einer Gewebeoptik herstellen.Accordingly, a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric having a high longitudinal tear strength, a high surface gloss level and a fabric optics can be produced.

Ein solcher Nähwirkvliesstoff ist als technisches Band zur Ummantelung, als Trägermaterial für selbstklebende Beschichtungen oder als Komponente in Kaschierverbunden verwendbar.Such a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric can be used as a technical tape for cladding, as a carrier material for self-adhesive coatings or as a component in laminating composites.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment.

Das gemäß Ausführungsbeispiel zu schaffende Material soll ein leichter Maliwatt-Vliesstoff von ca. 65 g/m2 Flächengewicht sein, welcher als technisches Bandmaterial Anwendung finden soll und aus Polyester- und Bindefasern mit einer glänzenden Seite nebst gewebeimitierter Optik besteht.The material to be created according to the embodiment should be a lightweight Maliwatt nonwoven fabric of about 65 g / m 2 basis weight, which is to find application as a technical tape material and consists of polyester and binder fibers with a shiny side together with fabric-optics.

Für die Herstellung des Vliesstoffes aus den genannten zwei Komponenten ist es wesentlich, eine möglichst homogene Verteilung der Faserstoffe im erzeugten Faserflor zu realisieren, so dass gleichmäßige Vlieseigenschaften erreichbar sind.For the production of the nonwoven fabric from the two components mentioned, it is essential to realize a homogeneous distribution of the fibers in the produced batt, so that uniform nonwoven properties can be achieved.

Das Faserflor wird beispielsweise und bevorzugt mittels Krempelverfahren erzeugt. Der Anteil an thermoplastischen Bikomponentenfasern soll hierbei so hoch wie nötig und so niedrig wie möglich eingestellt werden. Bevorzugt ist hier ein Faseranteil von 10 bis 20 Gew.-%.The batt is produced, for example, and preferably by means of carding. The proportion of thermoplastic bicomponent fibers should be set as high as necessary and as low as possible. Preference is given here to a fiber content of 10 to 20 wt .-%.

Zum Erhalt eines gleichmäßigen Faserflors erfolgt zunächst eine Vorauflösung zuvor abgemessener Mengen an Faserkomponenten mittels Ballenöffner sowie Feinöffner.In order to obtain a uniform fiber pile, a preliminary resolution of previously measured quantities of fiber components by means of a bale opener and a fine opener takes place first.

Mittels Krempel wird ein Faserflor erzeugt, wobei im Krempelflor die Fasern längsausgerichtet vorliegen.By means of carding a batt is produced, wherein in the carded web, the fibers are longitudinally aligned.

Im Anschluss erfolgt ein Legen des Faserflors in mehreren Lagen über einen Kreuzleger zu einem Vlies. Hierdurch findet eine Umorientierung des Faserflors und der darin enthaltenen Fasern in Querrichtung statt.This is followed by a laying of the batt in several layers via a cross-stacker to a nonwoven. This results in a reorientation of the batt and the fibers contained therein in the transverse direction.

Sowohl durch die beschriebene Faservorauflösung als auch den Krempelprozess wird eine homogene Verteilung der Faserkomponenten erreicht.Both the described fiber pre-resolution and the carding process achieve a homogeneous distribution of the fiber components.

Das so entstandene Vlies wird im Anschluss über einen Zuführtisch der Verfestigungseinheit, insbesondere einer Maliwatt-Nähwirkmaschine übergeben.The resulting nonwoven is subsequently transferred via a feed table of the solidification unit, in particular a Maliwatt stitchbonding machine.

Die Vorverfestigung führt zu einem Maliwatt-Produkt in der Maschinenfeinheit F22, d.h. mit 22 Wirkelementen auf 25 mm Arbeitsbreite, und zwar in der Grundbindung Franse. Hierfür wird das vom Kreuzleger gelieferte Faserflor mit Hilfe von Fäden verfestigt. Dabei kommt ein glattes Filamentgarn mit einer Feinheit von 50 dtex zum Einsatz.The preconsolidation results in a Maliwatt product in machine fineness F22, i. with 22 active elements on 25 mm working width, in the basic binding fringe. For this purpose, the fiber pile supplied by the stacker is solidified by means of threads. A smooth filament yarn with a fineness of 50 dtex is used.

Die Maschenreihendichte wird durch die Stichlänge bestimmt, welche beispielsweise 1,2 mm beträgt. Dabei werden die Fasern in Maschen eingebunden, ohne an der Maschenbildung beteiligt zu sein.The row density is determined by the stitch length, which is for example 1.2 mm. The fibers are incorporated into stitches without being involved in the stitch formation.

Die Lochnadel führt den Kettfaden an der Wirkstelle. Die Schiebernadel durchsticht das vorgelegte Flor, der Kettfaden wird über die Schiebernadel gelegt und der Schließdraht schließt beim Rückwärtsziehen der Schiebernadel den Nadelkopf, worin sich der Kettfaden befindet, und wird durch die auf der Schiebernadel liegende Halbmasche gezogen. Die Halbmasche wird abgeschlagen und der Maschenbildungsprozess beginnt von neuem.The hole needle guides the warp thread at the point of action. The needle pierces the provided pile, the warp thread is placed over the slider needle and the closing wire closes when pulling back the needle bar the needle head, in which the warp thread is located, and is pulled by lying on the slider needle half-stitch. The half-stitch is cut off and the stitch-forming process begins again.

Das erfindungsgemäße Produkt unterliegt einer speziellen thermischen Nachbehandlung.The product according to the invention is subject to a special thermal aftertreatment.

Für die zu erzielenden Effekte Glanzerzeugung und thermisches Auslösen der Bindefasern ist es prinzipiell gleich, in welcher Reihenfolge beide Prozesse stattfinden.For the effects to be achieved, gloss generation and thermal activation of the binder fibers, it is basically the same in which order both processes take place.

Um das Auslösen der Bindefasern zu garantieren, muss allerdings eine bestimmte Verweilzeit unter thermischer Behandlung eingehalten werden. Diese Verweilzeit ist so gewählt, dass die niedrigschmelzende Komponente der in der Mischung enthaltenen Bindefasern aufschmilzt, so dass die Bindefasern die Polyesterfasern fixieren können.In order to guarantee the release of the binder fibers, however, a certain residence time must be maintained under thermal treatment. This residence time is selected so that the low-melting component of the binder fibers contained in the mixture melts, so that the binder fibers can fix the polyester fibers.

Um einen Glanz auf der Oberflächenseite des Produkts zu erzeugen, erfolgt eine Druckbehandlung über eine beheizte Stahlwalze. Die erwähnten Arbeitsschritte erfolgen entweder getrennt über verschiedene Maschinen oder aber auch beispielsweise mittels eines Drei-Walzen-Kalanders.In order to produce a gloss on the surface side of the product, a pressure treatment is carried out over a heated steel roller. The mentioned operations are carried out either separately on different machines or, for example, by means of a three-roller calender.

Eine getrennte Behandlung über verschiedene Maschinen ergibt Vorteile bei der Fehlerbehandlung der Ware und führt zu einer besonders bevorzugten Variante, bei der zunächst auf einem Bandkalander die Bindefasern ausgelöst und anschließend auf einem Zwei-Walzen-Kalander Glanz und Dicke erzeugt werden.A separate treatment on different machines gives advantages in the error treatment of the product and leads to a particularly preferred variant, in which the binding fibers are first released on a belt calender and then produced on a two-roll calender gloss and thickness.

Ermittelte beispielhafte Kalandereinstellungen ergeben beim Bandkalander Temperaturen von 180°C und eine Materialgeschwindigkeit von 30 m/min. Der auf das Material einwirkende Druck liegt bei 6,5 bar.Determined exemplary calender settings result in the belt calender temperatures of 180 ° C and a material speed of 30 m / min. The pressure acting on the material is 6.5 bar.

Bei der folgenden Behandlung im Zwei-Walzen-Kalander beträgt die Temperatur 190°C. Die Materialtransportgeschwindigkeit liegt bei 70 m/min und der auf das Material aufgebrachte Liniendruck im Bereich von 250 N/mm.In the following treatment in a two-roll calender, the temperature is 190 ° C. The material transport speed is 70 m / min and the line pressure applied to the material is in the range of 250 N / mm.

Alternativ kann der Effekt der Glanzerzeugung oder das Auslösen der Bindefasern mittels Mehrwalzenkalander oder in Kombination mit Infrarot-Heizstrahlern bewirkt werden.Alternatively, the effect of glossing or triggering the binder fibers may be effected by multi-roll calenders or in combination with infrared radiant heaters.

Zur Aufmachung der Ware und zur Fehlerbehandlung sind Nähte in Form von Schweißnähten im Material eingebracht. Die durch Fehlerbehandlung getrennten Vliesstoffbahnen werden an den Materialenden durch eine Schweißnaht miteinander verbunden. Die Schweißnaht wird anschließend einseitig mit einem Klebeband abgeklebt.For presentation of the goods and for error handling seams in the form of welds are incorporated in the material. The separated by error treatment nonwoven webs are joined together at the material ends by a weld. The weld is then taped on one side with a tape.

Wäre nach Aufmachung und Fehlerbehandlung die Schweißnaht in einem Bandkalander mehrere Sekunden einer Temperatur von 180°C ausgesetzt, besteht die Gefahr, dass selbige reißt. Aus diesem Grunde ist die Reihenfolge Bandkalander und spätere Behandlung mittels Zwei-Walzen-Kalander vorteilhaft, so dass die Fehlerbehandlung am Schluss des Prozesses erfolgen kann.If, after presentation and error treatment, the weld in a belt calender is exposed to a temperature of 180 ° C. for several seconds, there is a risk that it will break. For this reason, the sequence belt calender and subsequent treatment by means of two-roll calender is advantageous, so that the error treatment can be done at the end of the process.

Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Beispiel wird Maliwatt in der Maschinenfeinheit F22 mit dem bereits erwähnten Flächengewicht von 65 g/m2 in der Legung Franse mit einer Stichlänge von 1,2 mm als Ausgangsmaterial genutzt. Es liegt hier eine Fasermischung von 85 Gew.-% Polyesterfasern (Feinheit 2,5 den und Stapellänge 76 mm) und 15 Gew.-% niedrigschmelzenden Bikomponentenfasern auf der Basis von Polyester (Schmelzbereich des Fasermantels bei ca. 110°C) vor. Die Mischung wird mittels Krempelverfahren und Querleger zu einem Vlies gelegt.In an example according to the invention Maliwatt is used in the machine fineness F22 with the above-mentioned basis weight of 65 g / m 2 in the laying fringe with a stitch length of 1.2 mm as the starting material. It is here a fiber blend of 85 wt .-% polyester fibers (fineness 2.5 den and staple length 76 mm) and 15 wt .-% low-melting bicomponent fibers on the basis of polyester (melting range of the fiber cladding at about 110 ° C) before. The mixture is laid by means of carding and crosslayer to a nonwoven.

Anschließend wird das Vlies mittels Maliwatt-Nähwirkmaschine unter Nutzung von Kettfäden aus Polyester zu einem Vliesstoff verfestigt.Subsequently, the nonwoven is solidified by means of Maliwatt stitchbonding machine using polyester warp threads to form a nonwoven fabric.

Nach thermischer Auslösung der Bindefasern, Glanzerzeugung und Dickenkalibrierung weist der Vliesstoff eine Festigkeit in Längsrichtung > 150 N/5cm bei einer Dicke von etwa 0,195 mm auf. Der Vliesstoff dient beispielsweise als Beschichtungsgrundware für ein quer einreißbares Klebeband zur Kabelbaumummantelung und imitiert in seinem Erscheinungsbild ein Gewebe.After thermal initiation of the binder fibers, gloss production and caliper calibration, the nonwoven fabric has a longitudinal strength> 150 N / 5 cm with a thickness of about 0.195 mm. The nonwoven fabric serves, for example, as a coating base product for a transversally tearable adhesive tape for wiring harness coating and imitates in its appearance a fabric.

Es ist demnach das erhaltene Produkt dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fasermischung aus Anteilen von Polyesterfasern und Bindefasern als Bikomponentenfasern besteht. Der thermoplastische Faseranteil kann z.B. aus Polyester oder anderen Polymeren, wie z.B. Polyamid, Polypropylen, vorzugsweise aber aus Polyethylenterephthalat bestehen. Wie eingangs erläutert, besitzt bei einer Bindefaser eine Komponente einen niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt als die zweite Komponente.It is therefore the product obtained characterized in that the fiber mixture consists of proportions of polyester fibers and binder fibers as bicomponent fibers. The thermoplastic fiber content may e.g. of polyester or other polymers, e.g. Polyamide, polypropylene, but preferably consist of polyethylene terephthalate. As explained above, in a binder fiber, one component has a lower melting point than the second component.

Die eingesetzten Kettfäden beim Nähwirkprozess bestehen vorzugsweise aus Polyester. Es ist aber auch der Einsatz von Polymeren, z.B. Polyamid oder Mischungen daraus möglich.The warp threads used in the stitchbonding process are preferably made of polyester. However, it is also the use of polymers, e.g. Polyamide or mixtures thereof possible.

Als Verfestigungseinheit zur Druck-/Temperaturbehandlung kann ein Heiz-kalander, Glättwerk, Bandkalander oder eine Flachbett-Kaschieranlage Anwendung finden. Es ist jedoch dafür zu sorgen, dass der auf den Vliesstoff aufgebrachte Druck vorzugsweise 250 N/mm beträgt.As solidification unit for pressure / temperature treatment, a heating calender, calender, belt calender or a flatbed laminating machine can be used. However, it should be ensured that the pressure applied to the nonwoven fabric is preferably 250 N / mm.

Claims (9)

  1. A method for manufacturing a stitch-bonded fabric based on a homogenous fiber blend containing polyester fibers and a fiber percentage of low-melting polymers, from which a fibrous web is produced by means of a carding machine, laying the fibrous web in several layers into a nonwoven fabric, and subsequently solidifying the nonwoven fabric by means of stitch-bonding,
    characterized in that
    the fiber percentage of low-melting polymers is formed of bonding fibers having a core-sheath structure, with the melting temperatures of core and sheath being different, in a first temperature treatment step, a releasing of the bonding fibers takes place by melting the sheath, and, on this occasion, the polyester fibers are fixed by forming bonding points, and in a second temperature treatment step, an adaptation of thickness and simultaneously a generation of surface gloss are performed, wherein the second temperature treatment step takes place under a predefined high pressure value.
  2. The method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the nonwoven fabric is laid crosswise.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the temperature treatment steps are executed by means of a heating calender, a smoothing calender, a belt calender or a flatbed laminating plant.
  4. The method according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    calendaring is performed at temperatures in the range of 130°C to 250°C.
  5. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    during the second temperature treatment step, a pressure of substantially 100 to 500 N/mm2 is applied to the material.
  6. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the blend percentage of the low-melting fiber component is between 5 and 30 % by weight, and the blend percentage of the polyester fibers is between 70 and 95 % by weight.
  7. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the surface weight of the nonwoven fabric is set to be 50 to 200 g/m2, preferably 60 to 100 g/m2.
  8. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    manufacturing of the nonwoven fabric is performed using Maliwatt technology.
  9. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the dwell time of the material in the first temperature treatment step is longer than the dwell time in the second temperature treatment step.
EP17173403.1A 2016-06-17 2017-05-30 Method for producing a stitch-bonded fabric Active EP3257989B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016111139 2016-06-17
DE102016120818.3A DE102016120818A1 (en) 2016-06-17 2016-11-02 Process for producing a stitchbonded nonwoven fabric

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EP3257989A1 EP3257989A1 (en) 2017-12-20
EP3257989B1 true EP3257989B1 (en) 2019-03-06

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1399153A (en) 1972-03-03 1975-06-25 Wildeman A E Manufacture of fabrics
DD217837A1 (en) 1983-09-02 1985-01-23 Juergen Lange METHOD FOR SURFACE STABILIZATION OF FILM THREADS
US5104703A (en) * 1988-07-19 1992-04-14 Lorraine Rachman Non-woven fabric suitable for use as a cotton bale covering and process for producing said fabric
US5041255A (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-08-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Softening and bulking stitchbonded fabrics
MX9202346A (en) * 1991-06-06 1994-06-30 Burlington Industries Inc COMPOSITE MATERIAL OF FABRIC, RIGID, AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.
DE202014106247U1 (en) 2014-12-23 2016-03-24 Coroplast Fritz Müller Gmbh & Co. Kg Adhesive tape based on a sewing fleece carrier with bicomponent fibers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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