WO2004083723A1 - Procede et dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en dechets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en dechets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004083723A1
WO2004083723A1 PCT/EP2004/002913 EP2004002913W WO2004083723A1 WO 2004083723 A1 WO2004083723 A1 WO 2004083723A1 EP 2004002913 W EP2004002913 W EP 2004002913W WO 2004083723 A1 WO2004083723 A1 WO 2004083723A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste material
discharge
conveying
fuel
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/002913
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Tews
Original Assignee
Rolf Tews
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolf Tews filed Critical Rolf Tews
Priority to EP04721891A priority Critical patent/EP1606553B1/fr
Priority to DE502004007612T priority patent/DE502004007612D1/de
Publication of WO2004083723A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004083723A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60Separating
    • F23G2201/602Separating different sizes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121Screw conveyor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/122Belt conveyor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/20Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for loading industrial combustion plants, in particular power plant boilers and rotary kilns, with waste material, in particular with secondary fuel, and a fuel produced therewith.
  • DE 196 39 330 Cl discloses a method and a device for producing a substitute fuel from waste, in which a waste material is first finely comminuted and then punched into loose and essentially disk-shaped piece goods by means of a ring die and pressing members. It is also already known to pelletized waste material.
  • an intermediate storage and the transport of the pretreated waste material will affect its physical properties.
  • moisture absorbed by the waste material can lead to problems with feeding the product into the actual boiler room due to caking in the conveyor units.
  • the secondary fuel gets entangled with one another, so that there is not only the risk of blockage, but in particular larger units of secondary fuel are formed which are injected via a lance or the like. do not burn completely into a combustion chamber.
  • the surface of the shredded material is reduced by storage and under the additional influence of various environmental and material parameters, in particular by moisture which is absorbed from the ambient air, and by the dead weight of the secondary fuel, which in addition to transport also reduces the burning behavior is adversely affected.
  • moisture which is absorbed from the ambient air
  • dead weight of the secondary fuel which in addition to transport also reduces the burning behavior is adversely affected.
  • they In order to achieve problem-free combustion of secondary fuels, they must burn completely in the first seconds after they have been entered into the combustion chamber.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that, on the one hand, two individual process steps that take place in succession are necessary to produce a usable substitute fuel, since the waste material first has to be crushed and then subjected to a shaping, such as pelleting, and on the other hand, the pretreated waste material has to be stored and transported in a complex manner , Insufficiently digested material cannot be used economically as a secondary fuel.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing the method mentioned at the outset and the corresponding device for loading industrial combustion plants with waste materials, in particular with secondary fuel, in such a way that better handling and ultimately complete combustion of the waste material, in particular secondary fuel, is achieved becomes.
  • An operational product should be manufactured with the least possible effort.
  • an improved introduction of the material is desired, in order in particular to reliably prevent blockages in the delivery line leading to the boiler and to achieve complete combustion of the secondary fuel.
  • a corresponding device should also be inexpensive and small.
  • the object is achieved by a method comprising the following steps:
  • the solid secondary fuel which is preferably used as waste material, has been freed from metal and contaminants, was sifted, then pre-crushed and, as a rule, also re-crushed and, if necessary, pelletized.
  • the secondary fuel mainly consists of shredded plastic in the form of foils, shaped objects such as bottles or the like. It can also have parts of textiles, in particular cords, etc., as well as papers. In particular, it does not contain organic waste and other liquid or similar components, as well as glass and metals.
  • the material can be supplied to the combustion chamber alone or together with, for example, coal, secondary air, etc.
  • the method according to the present invention saves the final comminution or shaping by means of pelleting in the secondary fuel production, as was required in the prior art, for example from the method known from DE 196 39 330 Cl, and storage / ensiling of the secondary fuel.
  • a closed process chain is achieved in which the shredded waste material does not come into contact with moisture and blockages of the device and dust development are achieved with the best burnout results at the same time.
  • the proportion of unburned waste material in the ash if it becomes more expensive is drastically reduced.
  • the discharge device comprises not only a conveyor device, but also, in the sense of the invention, further components, in particular a discharge shoe, in particular a side discharge shoe.
  • a screw conveyor / screw conveyor preferably with a short conveying path, is preferably provided as the conveying device, but other possible conveying means deraggregate can be used, such as gear locks, rotary lobe blowers or the like.
  • the provision of a conveying device ensures that comminuted waste material coming from the comminution unit does not accumulate in corners / angles of the discharge shoe and blockages occur there.
  • the conveying distance of the screw conveyor is preferably not more than 2 m, more preferably not more than 1.50 m or not more than 1 m.
  • discharge into the boiler is essentially immediate if no storage / ensiling is interposed, that is to say the comminuted waste material is always moved over the entire conveying path.
  • the object is that it has a comminution unit for comminuting the waste material, a discharge device in which a conveying device is arranged which discharges the comminuted waste material onto a pneumatic conveying device, the comminution unit essentially being pneumatic Conveyor is connected upstream.
  • the pneumatic delivery according to the invention is optimally matched to the shredded and shredded fuel material.
  • the conveying units such as screw conveyors, cellular wheel sluices, rotary lobe blowers or the like
  • the at least one blower arranged directly behind the conveying device of the discharge device of the shredding unit in particular suction-draft blower / suction-pressure blower, the reinforcement is achieved by the changed surface and grain properties - the clogging tendency in the delivery line is reliably countered.
  • the suction power of the suction pressure blower is preferably in a range from approximately 2,000 to approximately 4,000 m 3 / h, more preferably approximately 2,500 to approximately 3,500 m 3 / h, and the pressure side is preferably in a range from approximately 1,300 to approximately 3,300 m 3 / h, more preferably about 1,700 to about 2,400 m 3 / h.
  • the ratio of the power on the suction side to the pressure side is in a range from about 1 to 0.3 to about 1 to 0.85.
  • the comminuted waste material is fed into the combustion chamber, preferably via a lance, at a speed in a range from approximately 20 to 30 m / sec, preferably approximately 20 to approximately 25 m / sec.
  • the intake port of the pneumatic conveying device in front of the blower has a diameter that is approximately 30 to 50% larger than the compensating port arranged downstream of the blower, as a result of which an optimum delivery rate is achieved.
  • a mill is provided as the crushing unit, the mill preferably being a high-speed hammer mill.
  • the hammer mill is preferably designed as a hammer mill and has about 80 to about 150 hammers, which can be exchangeable up to four times.
  • the comminuted waste material removed from the comminution unit has a geometrically determined diameter in a range from approximately 0.001 to 25 mm, preferably 0.01 to 10 mm. It has a cottony consistency.
  • the hammer mill operates at a speed in a range from approximately 2,000 to approximately 4,000 rpm, preferably in a range from approximately 2,500 to approximately 3,000 rpm.
  • Waste material comminuted in this way with the hammer mill, in particular secondary fuel, is almost completely burned in connection with the provision of a pneumatic conveying device and the overall very short total conveying path in the device according to the invention after it has been blown into a combustion chamber.
  • the discharge of the comminution unit is designed as a side discharge shoe. This can have one or more lateral discharge openings, and two opposite discharge openings can also be provided.
  • a perforated plate is arranged between the shredding unit and the side discharge shoe.
  • the perforated plate preferably has regularly distributed circular holes through which the crushed material is sifted out to a maximum of about 25 mm, preferably a maximum of 20 mm.
  • the pneumatic conveying device has, behind the blower, a feed pipe which opens into a conveying line leading into the boiler and which preferably forms an acute angle with the conveying line.
  • the relationship between the conveying air and the fuel can preferably be influenced in that the feed pipe is designed to be axially displaceable in the conveying line.
  • the pressure difference (rise) between the end of the feed pipe and immediately in front of the combustion chamber is in a range from approximately 5 to approximately 25 mbar, preferably in a range from approximately 6 to approximately 15 mbar. Due to the axial displacement of the delivery line, the burning behavior of the fuel can be optimally adapted to different furnaces or power plants.
  • a further blower can be provided in the delivery line. This can be designed as a radial fan, but a rotary piston fan is preferably used.
  • a feed device is expediently connected upstream of the actual device, which preferably has a weigh feeder and a screw conveyor to ensure a metered task.
  • the with the inventive Fuel produced by ric device is so well-digested that its complete combustion can be reliably guaranteed.
  • a cyclone is particularly preferably arranged behind the fan in the conveying device.
  • the part of the conveyed air that can usually be removed via the overflow of the cyclone is fed back to the shredding unit in the circulatory system.
  • the amount of air is preferably metered into the comminution unit in such a way that there is essentially no pressure drop in the circuit, in particular in the area between the comminution unit and the cyclone, or only a very small one.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous particularly in the case of conveyor devices which have a length of 20 or more meters, preferably 50 or more meters, more preferably 100 or more meters.
  • the fuel according to the invention preferably has a dry residue in accordance with DIN EN 12 880 (S2) in a range from approximately 75 to approximately 90% by weight, a water content in accordance with DIN EN 12 880 (S2) in a range from approximately 12 to approximately 25% by weight .%, an ash content according to DIN 51 719 in a range from about 4 to about 10 wt.%, each based on the total amount of fuel.
  • a feed device 1 has a weigh feeder 2 and a screw conveyor 3. Via this feed device 1, the possibly pre-comminuted waste material is fed to a comminution unit, in the illustrated and in this respect preferred exemplary embodiment, a mill 4, preferably a snow-hammer hammer mill. In it, the supplied material is crushed to a defined grain size (geometrically determined diameter of the waste material) and surface quality. The waste product is fed to the mill 4 in bulk from above.
  • the discharge below the mill 4 is designed as a side discharge shoe 5, which is described in more detail below in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the shredded material is transported out of the side discharge shoe 5 via a conveying device arranged therein, in particular a screw conveyor 14, onto the pneumatic conveying device 15, which in particular has a suction fan 6.
  • the material fed is given a fibrous, cottony consistency with a large surface area by the crushing effect.
  • This fuel can be completely removed from the side discharge shoe by means of the suction fan 6 connected downstream of the side discharge shoe 5 and the screw conveyor 14 5 remove and pneumatically feed the combustion chamber / combustion chamber, not shown. In an advantageous further development of the invention, this takes place via a feed pipe 7, which opens into a delivery line 8 leading into the combustion chamber.
  • a cyclone 17 is arranged downstream of the blower 6. A partial amount of the conveyed air is fed back to the mill 4 via this cyclone 17 via its overflow via a schematically drawn return line 19.
  • a control device such as a valve, for metering the amount of air to be fed back in the return line 19 can also be provided. Carrying small particles in the air stream can be accepted, but the cyclone 17 is preferably set such that this does not take place.
  • the feed pipe 7 is preferably axially freely displaceable in a receiving pipe of the delivery line 8, so that an optimal chimney effect can be set at the end of the feed pipe 7, but can also be arranged in a fixed manner.
  • the chimney effect occurs depending on the position of the end of the feed pipe 7 in the cross section of the delivery line 8 and reliably prevents blockages in the delivery line 8.
  • the conveying line 8 can be supplied with conveying air on its side facing away from the boiler via a further fan 9.
  • the conveying air flows past the end of the supply pipe 7, which is attached at an acute angle, and takes the material ready for the boiler with it.
  • This configuration allows a very precise metering of the conveying air, the amount of which can be adjusted to an optimal level with the conveying air of the primary fuel supplied.
  • the blower 9 is designed as a rotary lobe blower which is arranged upstream of the combustion chamber
  • Cell wheel lock 18 works.
  • the cellular wheel sluice 18 can optionally be omitted, in particular if the material is fed continuously into the combustion chamber.
  • the side discharge shoe 5 has a funnel shape due to the inner, inclined metal sheets 10 and has a single lateral outlet opening 11.
  • the dimensioning of the side discharge shoe 5 depends on the type of waste material and the firing system. Such a configuration, in conjunction with the screw conveyor 14, ensures that no material remains in the shoe 5 and thus possibly leads to blockages.
  • a perforated plate 12, preferably with round holes 13, is arranged between the mill 4 and the side discharge shoe 5.
  • the perforated plate 12 is, as shown in Fig. 2, adapted to the outer shape of the mill. It has holes with a diameter of, for example, 16 mm. It goes without saying that the dimensions of the openings (diameter or edge length) correspond to the upper grain size selected for the respective intended use of the secondary fuel.
  • the waste material thus sufficiently digested is discharged through the perforated plate 12, fed via the screw conveyor 14 to the pneumatic conveying device 15 and pneumatically to the combustion chamber. Due to the suction effect and the very light fuel it comes in the one behind Delivery line 7 or 8 not to blockages. Furthermore, the short and closed conveying path of the device according to the invention avoids dust formation.
  • the invention proposes a device which generates a conditioned fuel in situ which has significantly improved burnout properties compared to secondary fuel produced, stored and transported to the furnace.
  • the device has an extremely compact design and can therefore be optimally assembled for the respective application.
  • the device according to the invention can be used to set an optimal temperature profile in the rotary kiln.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en déchets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires, ainsi qu'un combustible ainsi produit, afin d'obtenir une meilleure prise en charge en particulier du combustible secondaire et d'obtenir pour des frais minimaux, un produit apte à l'utilisation qui peut être introduit de façon améliorée dans une chambre de combustion, notamment pour éviter de manière fiable les obstructions dans la conduite d'amenée qui mène à la chaudière. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes: fragmentation des déchets dans une unité de fragmentation; extraction des déchets fragmentés de l'unité de fragmentation, pratiquement directement avant leur introduction dans la chaudière au moyen d'un dispositif d'acheminement disposé dans le dispositif d'extraction, sur un dispositif d'acheminement pneumatique; et acheminement des déchets dans la chambre de combustion au moyen du dispositif d'acheminement pneumatique.
PCT/EP2004/002913 2003-03-20 2004-03-19 Procede et dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en dechets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires WO2004083723A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04721891A EP1606553B1 (fr) 2003-03-20 2004-03-19 Procede et dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en dechets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires
DE502004007612T DE502004007612D1 (de) 2003-03-20 2004-03-19 VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESCHICKUNG VON INDUSTRIELLEN FEUERUNGSANLAGEN MIT ABFALLMATERIAL, INSBESONDERE MIT SEKUNDÄRBRENNSTOFFen

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10312407A DE10312407A1 (de) 2003-03-20 2003-03-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschickung von industriellen Feuerungsanlagen mit Abfallmaterial insbesondere mit Sekundärbrennstoff
DE10312407.1 2003-03-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004083723A1 true WO2004083723A1 (fr) 2004-09-30

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PCT/EP2004/002913 WO2004083723A1 (fr) 2003-03-20 2004-03-19 Procede et dispositif pour alimenter des installations de combustion industrielles en dechets, en particulier en combustibles secondaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1606553B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE401534T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10312407A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004083723A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110092201A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2019-08-06 辽宁远景产学研环保技术有限公司 一种固体颗粒正压自动吹送设备

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20050036A1 (it) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-15 Ecodeco S R L Dispositivo per l'alimentazione di combustibili derivati dai rifiuti cdr ad impianti di combustione
DE102005055276B4 (de) * 2005-11-17 2009-11-26 Schauenburg Maschinen- Und Anlagen-Bau Gmbh Verfahren zum Abtrennen von nicht brennbaren Teilen aus einem Aufgabegut, das als Sekundärbrennstoff in Feuerungsanlagen nutzbar ist
DE102010042078B4 (de) * 2010-10-06 2014-07-17 Wachtel GmbH & Co. KG Backöfen_Kältetechnik Brennstoffeinbringungsvorrichtung für einen Brenner sowie ein Verfahren zum Steuern der Brennstoffeinbringungsvorrichtung

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0175407A1 (fr) * 1984-09-03 1986-03-26 Esmil B.V. Appareil pour doser et souffler une matière combustible dans un four
US4638952A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-01-27 Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company Method of fluid coke reduction
WO1987005281A1 (fr) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-11 Rippelton N.V. Procede et appareil pour amener un ecoulement regulier d'un produit particulaire
US4750437A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-06-14 Waste Recovery, Inc. Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration
US4958578A (en) * 1987-01-30 1990-09-25 Phillips Petroleum Company Drummed waste incineration
US4995324A (en) * 1990-07-16 1991-02-26 Williams Robert M Method of disposing of waste material
DE19639330C1 (de) 1996-09-25 1998-04-09 Trienekens Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ersatzbrennstoffs aus Abfällen

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IT1226691B (it) * 1987-11-27 1991-02-04 Enichem Anic Spa Processo per l'incenerimento di rdf (refuse derived fuel) in un bruciatore per la produzione di clinker per cementi.
DE19602399C2 (de) * 1996-01-24 2000-08-24 Basf Coatings Ag Aufgabevorrichtung und -verfahren für die Verbrennung von Industrieabfällen
DE19654255B4 (de) * 1996-12-23 2007-08-30 Herhof Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfall oder Restabfall

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0175407A1 (fr) * 1984-09-03 1986-03-26 Esmil B.V. Appareil pour doser et souffler une matière combustible dans un four
US4638952A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-01-27 Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company Method of fluid coke reduction
WO1987005281A1 (fr) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-11 Rippelton N.V. Procede et appareil pour amener un ecoulement regulier d'un produit particulaire
US4958578A (en) * 1987-01-30 1990-09-25 Phillips Petroleum Company Drummed waste incineration
US4750437A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-06-14 Waste Recovery, Inc. Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration
US4995324A (en) * 1990-07-16 1991-02-26 Williams Robert M Method of disposing of waste material
DE19639330C1 (de) 1996-09-25 1998-04-09 Trienekens Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ersatzbrennstoffs aus Abfällen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110092201A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2019-08-06 辽宁远景产学研环保技术有限公司 一种固体颗粒正压自动吹送设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10312407A1 (de) 2004-10-07
EP1606553A1 (fr) 2005-12-21
DE502004007612D1 (de) 2008-08-28
EP1606553B1 (fr) 2008-07-16
ATE401534T1 (de) 2008-08-15

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