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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
  • C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to substituted 3-amino arylalkynyl-pyridines and 3- amino heteroarylalkynyl-pyridines.
• WO 99/02497 describes certain 2-heteroalkynyl pyridines as modulating mGluRs and a very broad generic disclosure. However, none of the specifically disclosed compounds are 3-amino-2-aryl or heteroaryl ethynyl pyridines.
• WO 02/46166 describes various compounds having the structure phenyl-A-B as mGluR antagonists but it has no disclosure of phenyl ethynylpyridines.
• amino pyridine compounds of the invention show potent activity and selectivity on mGluR ⁇ receptor and demonstrate advantageous properties over compounds of the prior art. Improvements have been observed in one or more of the following characteristics of the compounds of the invention: the selectivity for the target, the solubility, the bioavailability, the brain penetration, the activity in behavioural models of psychiatric and neurological disorders. They can be used in the treatment or prevention of mGluR ⁇ mediated disorders.
• L-glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain and acts through two heterogeneous families of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) (Nakanishi S et al. 1998, Brain Res Brain Res Rev., 26:230-235). To date eight subtypes of mGluR have been cloned and classified into three groups on the basis of sequence similarities and pharmacological properties. mGluRI and mGluR ⁇ belong to group I and initiate cellular responses through a G- protein mediated mechanism and are coupled to phospholipase C and stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis (Schoepp DD et al. 1999, Neuropharmacology, 38:1431- 1476).
• mGluR ⁇ receptor protein has been localized peripherally in structures involved in nociceptive transmission and recent findings suggest that mGluR ⁇ antagonists can be used for the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, chronic and acute pain (B.A. Chizh in Amino Acids 2002, 23, 169-176).
• mGluR ⁇ receptors are also abundant in CNS throughout cortex, hippocampus, caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens. As these brain areas are thought to be involved in emotional and motivational processes, the mGluR ⁇ receptor has been considered a potential drug target for treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders.
• Treatable diseases are psychosis, epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorders, memory deficits, Parkinson's disease, hypoxia, ischemia, dementia caused by AIDS, migraine, depression, mood disorders and anxiety disorders.
• Other treatable indications are nicotine, cocaine, amphetamine, benzodiazepine, opiate or alcohol abuse or addiction and substance tolerance or dependence, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, gambling dependence, smoking, sex dependence or obsessive compulsive disorders (Brauner-Osborne H et al. , 2000, J Med Chem. 43:2609-4 ⁇ ; Bordi F and Ugolini A. 1999, Prog Neurobiol. ⁇ 9: ⁇ - 79; Spooren W et al. 2003, Behav Pharmacol: 14:2 ⁇ 7-77).
• the present invention relates to a method of treating or preventing a condition in a mammal, including a human, the treatment or prevention of which is affected or facilitated by the neuromodulatory effect of mGluR ⁇ antagonists.
• the present invention is concerned with novel aminopyridine derivatives, and their uses, which conform to the general formula
• Ri is methyl
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, nitro, Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl;
• R 9 , Rio, R 11 , Ri 2 ⁇ nd R 13 independently are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C6- alkyl, halo-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl, C ⁇ -C6-alkoxy, carboxy-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl or carboxyaryl; R 14 and R 15 independently are as defined for R 9 - R 13 above; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates of such compounds for the prevention or treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders as well as other disorders modulated by mGluR ⁇ receptors.
• CNS central nervous system
• Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl includes groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl or the like.
• Haldroxy-Ci-Ce-alkyl includes groups such as hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyI, ⁇ -hydroxypentyl, 6-hydroxyhexyl and the like.
• Ci-C ⁇ -alkoxy includes groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy or the like.
• Halogen includes atoms such as fluorine, chlorine and iodine.
• Halo-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl includes groups such as chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, bromomethyl, 1- chloroethyl, 1 ,1-dichloroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1 ,1- difluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifIuoroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 3- fluoropropyl, 3-bromopropyl and the like.
• Halo-C ⁇ -C6-alkoxy includes groups such as chloromethoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy and the like.
• Carboxy-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl includes groups such as carboxymethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, 3-carboxypropyl, 4-carboxybutyl, ⁇ -carboxypenthyl, 6-carboxyhexyl or the like.
• Aryl includes C ⁇ -Cio aryl groups such as phenyl, 1-naphtyl, 2-naphtyl and the like.
• Heteroaryl includes ⁇ -10 membered heterocyclic groups containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur to form a ring such as furyl (furan ring), benzofuranyl (benzofuran), thienyl (thiophene), benzothiophenyl (benzothiophene), pyrrolyl (pyrrole ring), imidazolyl (imidazole ring), pyrazolyl (pyrazole ring), thiazolyl (thiazole ring), isothiazolyl (isothiazole ring), triazolyl (triazole
• Heteroaryl-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl includes groups wherein examples of heteroaryl are the same as those illustrated in the above definition, such as 2-furyl methyl, 3- furylmethyl, 2-thienylmethyl, 3-th ienyl methyl, 2-imidazolylmethyl, 2-th iazolyl methyl, 2- pyridylmethyl, 3-pyridyl methyl, 4-pyridylmethyl, 2-quinolylmethyl and the like.
• Preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula l-A depicted below
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, C ⁇ -C6-alkyl
• R 5 represents a group of formula
• Rg, Rio, R 11 , R ⁇ 2 and R- ⁇ 3 independently are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, Ci-C ⁇ - alkyl, halo-Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl, Ci-C ⁇ -alkoxy, carboxy-Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl or carboxyaryl;
• R ⁇ 4 and R 15 independently are as defined for Rg - R ⁇ 3 above; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates of such compounds.
• More preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula l-B
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl
• Rg, Rio, R 11 , R ⁇ 2 and R ⁇ 3 independently are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C6- alkyl, halo-C ⁇ -C6-alkyI, C ⁇ -C6-alkoxy, carboxy-Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl or carboxyaryl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates of such compounds.
• Particularly preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula l-C
• R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, C ⁇ -C6-alkyl
• R- 14 and R 15 independently are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C6- alkyl, halo-C ⁇ -C6-alkyl, C ⁇ -C6-alkoxy, carboxy-Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl or carboxyaryl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates of such compounds.
• the present invention relates to the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the formula (I) or compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
• the present invention relates to a method of treating or preventing a condition in a mammal, including a human, the treatment or prevention of which is affected or facilitated by the neuromodulatory effect of mGluR ⁇ antagonists.
• the present invention relates to a method useful for treating or preventing peripheral and central nervous system disorders selected from: substance tolerance or dependence, anxiety disorders, depression, mood disorders, psychiatric disease such as psychosis, inflammatory or neuropathic pain, memory deficits, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, migraine, ischemia, drug abuse and addiction.
• peripheral and central nervous system disorders selected from: substance tolerance or dependence, anxiety disorders, depression, mood disorders, psychiatric disease such as psychosis, inflammatory or neuropathic pain, memory deficits, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, migraine, ischemia, drug abuse and addiction.
• compositions which provide from about 0.01 to 1000 mg of the active ingredient per unit dose.
• the compositions may be administered by any suitable route.
• parenterally in the form of solutions for injection topically in the form of unguents or lotions, ocularly in the form of eye-drops, rectally in the form of suppositories, intranasally or transcutaneously in the form of delivery system like patches.
• the pharmaceutical formulations of the invention may be prepared by conventional methods in the art; the nature of the pharmaceutical composition employed will depend on the desired route of administration.
• the total daily dose usually ranges from about O.O ⁇ - 2000 mg.
• the invention also provides for use of compounds or compositions as defined above in the manufacture of medicaments for treatment or prevention of the stated disorders.
• the compounds of Formula I may be prepared by general routes of synthesis as disclosed in the following methods.
• This palladium catalyzed C-C coupling reaction requires a catalyst such as PdCI 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd(OAc) 2 or Pd on carbon in a suitable solvent like DMF, acetonitrile or benzene.
• a co-catalyst such as copper(l) iodide and a base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylamine, KOAc.) will also be present in the reaction mixture.
• the coupling reaction typically proceeds by allowing the reaction temperature to warm slowly from about 0° up to ambient temperature, or heated to a temperature anywhere between 30°C and 1 ⁇ 0°C.
• the reaction mixture is then maintained at a suitable temperature for a time in the range of about 1 up to 24 hours, with about 12 hours typically being sufficient.
• the product from the reaction can be isolated and purified employing standard techniques, such as solvent extraction, chromatography, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, and the like.
• an alkynyl- substituted aminopyridine (or a precursor) is reacted with a compound bearing a reactive functional group Q as defined above.
• the alkene derivative product from Scheme 3 may be converted to an alkyne derivative using the approach outlined in Scheme 4.
• the alkene derivatives may be treated with a halogenating agent such as chlorine or bromine in CHCI 3 or CCI .
• a halogenating agent such as chlorine or bromine in CHCI 3 or CCI .
• the resulting halogenated derivatives are then treated with a suitable base such as NaOH, KOH or KO'Bu, which promotes a double elimination reaction to afford the alkyne.
• the reaction is carried out in a solvent like ethanol, te/f-butanol, THF, etc. at an appropriate temperature, usually between 0°C and 1 ⁇ O°C.
• a substituted aminopyridine (or a precursor) is reacted with an aldehyde to provide a substituted alkene following the procedure developed in D. Guay et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1998, 8, 4 ⁇ 3-4 ⁇ 8. (Scheme ⁇ )
• G is PR 3 or P(O)(OR) 2 .
• suitable catalysts including bases such as KH, NaH, n-butyllithium etc., in THF, acetonitrile, benzene, etc., at an appropriate temperature, usually between about 0°C and 1 ⁇ O°C.
• a substituted heterocyclic aldehyde is reacted with a compound containing an activated methylene to provide a
• the alkene products from the reactions in Scheme ⁇ and Scheme 6 may be converted to an alkyne derivative using reagents and conditions as described for Scheme 4.
• Substituted aminopyridines of formula l-A can be obtained from the corresponding nitropyridine compounds by a selective reduction of the nitro moiety with the method described in S. Glase et al. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 3179-3187, using a mixture of Fe and aqueous HCI as the reducing agent.
• the compounds of Formula I which are basic in nature can form a wide variety of different pharmaceutically acceptable salts with various inorganic and organic acids. These salts are readily prepared by treating the base compounds with a substantially equivalent amount of the chosen mineral or organic acid in a suitable organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
• Affinity of compounds of the invention was examined following a radioligand binding technique using whole rat brain and tritiated 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (t 3 H]-MPEP) as a ligand following similar methods to those described in F. Gasparini et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2002, 12, 407-409 and in J. F. Anderson et al. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2002, 303, 3, 1044-1051.
• Membrane preparation Cortices were dissected out from brains of 200-300g Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River Laboratories, L'Arbresle, France). Tissues were homogenized in 10 volumes
• Membranes were thawed and resuspended in binding buffer containing 20 mM HEPES-NaOH, 3 mM MgCI 2 , 100 mM NaCI, pH 7.4. Competition studies were carried out by incubating for 1 h at 4°C: 3 nM [ 3 H]-MPEP (46,8 ⁇ Ci/mmol, Tocris, Cookson Ltd, Bristol, U.K.), ⁇ O ⁇ g membrane and a concentration range of 0.03 nM- 30 ⁇ M of compounds, for a total reaction volume of 300 ⁇ l. The non-specific binding was defined using 30 ⁇ M MPEP.
• Reaction was terminated by rapid filtration over glass-fiber filter plates (Unifilter 96-well GF/B filter plates, Perkin-Elmer, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland) using 4 x 400 ⁇ l ice cold buffer using cell harvester (Filtermate, Perkin-Elmer, Downers Grove, USA). Radioactivity was determined by liquid scintillation spectrometry using a 96-well plate reader (TopCount, Perkin-Elmer, Downers Grove, USA).
• the inhibition curves were generated using the Prism GraphPad program (Graph Pad Software Inc, San Diego, USA). IC50 determinations were made from data obtained from 8 point concentrations response curves using a nonlinear regression analysis.
• the compounds of this application as measured in the assay described above have IC50 values in the range of less than 10 ⁇ M.
• Preferred compounds include the examples n° 3, 7, 10, 12 and 13 which have IC ⁇ O values of less than 30 nM.
• Compounds of the invention show an improved selectivity on mGluR ⁇ receptor. This indicates a greater specificity and a better safety profile.
• Compounds of the invention are effective in models demonstrating the usefulness of the compounds for treating neuropathic inflammatory pain (B.A. Chizh, Amino Acids 2002, 23, 169-176), anxiety (W. P. J. M. Spooren et al. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2000, 29 ⁇ , 3, 1267-127 ⁇ ; W.P.J.M. Spooren et al. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2002, 43 ⁇ , 161-170), Parkinson disease (N. Breysse et al. J. Neurosci. 2003, 10, 23, 23, 8302- 8309), migraine ( P. De Vries et al. 1999, 37 ⁇ , 61-74), depression (I.A. Paul and P.
• the compounds of the present invention present a high selectivity and affinity for mGluR ⁇ receptor. As functional antagonists, they are useful for the production of
• ESI electrospray ionisation
• hydrochloride of (6-methyl-2-pyridin-3-ylethynyI- pyridin-3-yl)amine was prepared as described in Example 1 to yield after trituration with pentane 145 mg (100%) of the title hydrochloride as a yellow solid.
• hydrochloride of (2-( ⁇ -chloro-pyridin-3-ylethynyl)-6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)amine was prepared as described in Example 1 to yield 152 mg (0.48 mmol, 83%) of the title hydrochloride as a yellow solid.
• the compound of the example 3 can be replaced by the same amount of any of the described examples 1 to 13.
• An aqueous suspension is prepared for oral administration so that each 1 milliliter contains 1 to 5 mg of one of the described example, 50 mg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1 mg of sodium benzoate, 500 mg of sorbitol and water ad 1 ml.
• a parenteral composition is prepared by stirring 1.5 % by weight of active ingredient of the invention in 10% by volume propylene glycol and water.
• the compound 3 can be replaced by the same amount of any of the described examples 1 to 13.

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