WO2004078436A1

WO2004078436A1 - Veneer slicing machine

Info

Publication number: WO2004078436A1
Application number: PCT/EP2004/001576
Authority: WO
Inventors: Armin Heiner; Jean Meyer; Heinrich Weppler
Original assignee: Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh
Priority date: 2003-03-01
Filing date: 2004-02-19
Publication date: 2004-09-16
Also published as: DE10309032B3; PT1613452E; EP1613452A1; ATE342152T1; ES2275209T3; DE502004001735D1; EP1613452B1

Abstract

The problem during slicing in known veneer slicing machines, wherein a block of wood (16) is guided in front of a blade (10) in an eccentrically rotational manner, is that fibres are torn out on the longitudinal sides thereof . Damage thus occurs with respect to veneering quality and blocking can occur between a blade and a press beam. In order to prevent this, the longitudinal sides of the block of wood are smoothed by hand. This is time-consuming and dangerous. The aim of the invention is to provide a staylog slicing machine which does the smoothing mechanically. A device for smoothing the longitudinal sides (19) of the block of wood (16) is therefore arranged on the veneer slicing machine. Production of veneer.

Description

Veneer-slicing machine

The invention relates to a device for eccentric cutting of veneers from a wood block according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such devices are used to cut from a block of wood thin panels, which are also called veneers. The process is also called knifes. Here, the wood block is clamped on a bearing surface formed by a flat surface of a beam construction. This is rotatably mounted about its horizontal longitudinal axis, so that with each rotational movement a veneer is cut with a parallel to the longitudinal axis and mounted on the beam construction to be moved knife. Such devices are also known as Staylog knife machines.

From EP 584 268 B1 a tangentially rotating veneer knife machine is known in which four wood blocks can be clamped on a beam construction (flitch table). For clamping, docking bodies with oval heads are arranged, which are mounted rotatably in the flitch table and detachably engage in grooves which are incorporated into the wooden blocks.

DE 30 26 162 C2 describes a generic Staylog- knife machine, engage the claws for clamping a wood block in grooves in the base of the wood block. In addition to the claws a clamping device is arranged with laterally engaging in the wood block claws. The claws can be swung away when the block has been cut to a certain size.

When cutting veneers, sharp ends are created on the long sides of the wood block. Here, there is the problem that rip from these ends span and / or fibrous wood parts. On the one hand, this impairs the cut and thus the quality of the veneers.

On the other hand, the wood parts may get into the gap between the knife and the pressure bar of the veneer knife machine and clog it, so that they must be stopped and the gap must be cleaned. This is time consuming and deteriorates productivity accordingly. To ensure that the knife process can continue without any problems, the ends must be processed so that the cracked areas are removed. For this it is known to straighten the ends by hand with eg axes, saws or planing. This is laborious and time consuming and associated with corresponding costs. The object of the invention is to equip a Staylog- knife machine so that at the first sign of erupting long sides of a wood block these can be smoothed by machine.

The object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1. By the device for smoothing the long sides of the wood block, the operator is motivated to start the processing of the long sides of the wood block early. As a result, the emergence of loose fibers and / or chips is minimized or even prevented, thus ensuring a consistently high quality veneers with high yield. Furthermore, the processing of the long sides takes place much faster than by hand, in addition, a higher work safety is guaranteed. The productivity of the veneer knife machine increases by up to 20%.

The subclaims relate to the advantageous embodiment of the invention.

The automatic movement of the wood block and the device for smoothing into a working position according to claim 2 accelerates and simplifies the processing even more.

Milling, sawing or knife according to claims 3 to 5 have proved to be particularly suitable.

The invention will be further explained with reference to an example schematically illustrated in the drawing. Show it

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a Staylog veneer knife machine according to the invention, partly in section,

Figure 2 is a view of the Staylog- beam arrangement of Figure 1 from the side facing away from a tool carriage, partially cut, Figure 3 is a representation of the geometric relationships between a knife, the Staylog- beam assembly and a wooden block, Figure 4 is a side view of another embodiment and Figure 5 is a view of the machine of Figure 4 on the side of the Staylog beam assembly. As can be seen from FIG. 1, a veneer knife machine consists of a base frame 1 on which a tool carriage 2 with a knife carrier 3 is fastened on one side, here on the left, and a stay log beam arrangement 4 on the other side. The tool carriage 2 is mounted on two parallel rails 6 in a horizontal plane movable back and forth, as symbolized by the arrow 5. Here, the tool carriage 2 is guided with guide elements 7 which are fixed to a machine frame 8, with minimal play and against rotation on the rails 6 and drivable by two first hydraulic cylinder 14.

On top of the machine frame 8, the knife carrier 3 is fastened with a knife 10 so that it is displaceably mounted in the direction of the arrow 9 and rotatable about an axis in the region of a downward-pointing cutting edge of the knife 10. The knife 10 and thus its cutting edge extend at right angles to the direction of movement of the tool carriage 2. In this case, the knife 10 is arranged in the left-hand side of the knife carrier 3 according to FIG. 1, which lies opposite the stay-log beam arrangement 4. The rotational and displaceability of the blade carrier 3 relative to the machine frame 8, which is required for the adjustment of its position relative to a pressure bar 11 described below, is ensured by various drives. Below the blade 10 and parallel thereto, the pressure bar 11 is attached to the machine frame 8. Pressure bar 11 and blade 10 are adjusted in operation so that a short distance is maintained between the two.

On the machine frame 8 devices not shown are further arranged for the discharge of the cut veneer sheets. The staylog beam assembly 4 is mounted on the base frame 1 such that the horizontal longitudinal axis 38 of its beam structure 12 is perpendicular to the rails 6. The beam construction 12 is rotatably mounted between two frames 13 and connected to a drive, not shown. On a support surface 15 formed by a flat surface of the beam construction 12, a wood block 16 can be clamped by means of clamping means, here holding claws 17 and not shown clamping jaws. The clamping jaws protrude in two rows parallel to the longitudinal axis 38 of the beam construction 12 from the support surface 15, wherein the rows of clamping jaws are movable towards each other and away from each other by means of suitable, not shown drives. Here, the clamping claws engage in grooves which are embedded in a base of the wood block 16. The distances between the clamping jaws and the grooves are matched to one another.

In addition to the clamping jaws are on both longitudinal sides of the beam structure 12 adjacent to the support surface 15, the retaining claws 17 mounted on a rotatably mounted shaft 18 on each side so that they are parallel to the longitudinal axis about an axis 38 of the beam structure 12 in a working position laterally pressed against the wood block 16 or in a rest position on the sides of the beam structure 12 are movable. Each shaft 18 is connected to a rotary drive, not shown.

In that regard, the veneer knife machine corresponds to the state of the art. example 1

The device for smoothing the longitudinal sides 19 of the wood block 16 comprises a support structure 20 associated with a stay log beam arrangement 4 for a milling cutter 30. The support structure 20 comprises a box-shaped beam 21 of rectangular cross-section which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 38 of the beam construction 12 and via two support arms 22 is hinged at the top of the racks 13. The beam 21 is pivotable about an axis parallel to its longitudinal axis via two second hydraulic cylinder 23 from a rest position to a working position and vice versa. In working position, the narrow sides of the beam 21 are approximately horizontal; Direction and position information refers to this working position below. On the lower side of the beam 21, two first guide rails 24 are fixed, which extend between the support arms 22 parallel to the longitudinal axis over almost the entire length of the beam 21. At the first guide rails 24 movable elements 25 are guided along this back and forth, to which a carrier 26 is attached below. The carrier 26 is approximately horizontal and has - starting at the first guide rails 24 - in the manner of a cantilever at right angles from the beam 21 of Figure 1 to the left, that is away from the tool carriage 2. The length of the carrier 26 is dimensioned such that it protrudes to the left over the beam construction 12.

At the bottom of the carrier 26 two second guide rails 27 are fixed parallel to its longitudinal axis, which extend substantially over the entire length of the carrier 26. Along the second guide rails 27, a vertically downwardly facing running arm 29 is movably guided over a sheet metal construction 28. At this the router 30 is guided completely movable with drive up and down. Here, the milling head 31 is aligned so that its axis of rotation is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 26. The up and down movement of the milling cutter 30 is ensured by a first rotatably mounted threaded spindle 32 with a geared motor and a matching threaded sleeve which is connected to the milling cutter 30.

The carrier 26 is movable along the beam 21 by means of a chain 33, the ends of which are fixed to the carrier 26 and which at one end of the beam 21 via a pinion and is deflected at the other end via a drive pinion of a geared motor 34. The movability of the running arm 29 is ensured by a second rotatably mounted threaded spindle 35 with a second geared motor 36 and a matching threaded sleeve which is fastened to the sheet metal construction 28. The entire knife machine including the device for smoothing the longitudinal sides 19 of the wood block 16 is connected to a central controller - eg a PLC (programmable logic controller) or a computer - which determines the operation of the knife machine.

In operation, which runs with the exception of the smoothing of the longitudinal sides 19 of the wood block 16 as known from the prior art, the tool carriage 2 is initially moved back to the maximum possible distance to Staylog- beam assembly 4 - the so-called rest position. A wood block 16 is clamped on the beam construction 12 with the aid of the clamping jaws and optionally the retaining claws 19. The tool slide 2 is advanced by means of the first hydraulic cylinder 14 into a working position such that a small horizontal gap remains between the outermost circle of rotation of the wood block 16 and the cutting edge of the knife 10. The drive for the beam construction 12 is turned on, so that it is rotated with the clamped wood block 16 about its longitudinal axis 38 in the counterclockwise direction according to arrow 37 in Figure 1. This means that the upward movement of the wood block 16 takes place on the side facing the tool slide 2. Upon reaching the target speed of the tool slide 2 is advanced so far in the direction of the wood block 16, that thereof a veneer sheet is cut off in an adjustable target thickness during the upward rotational movement.

The cut veneer sheets are transported away automatically. As soon as the beam construction 12 has reached a position in which the bearing surface 15 is at the top, the tool carriage 2 pushes a defined distance in the direction of the staylog beam arrangement 4 with the aid of the first hydraulic cylinder 14, this distance corresponding to the desired thickness of the veneer sheet.

As the knife process progresses, the wood block 16 becomes thinner and its longitudinal ropes 19 taper sharply. From these tapered longitudinal sides 19 can - as already mentioned - tear out wooden parts. Before or as soon as there are indications, a machine operator initiates the smoothing of the longitudinal sides 19 by pressing a specific button on the control panel. The smoothing then runs automatically: The feed of the tool carriage 8 is interrupted and the beam construction 12 moved to a 9 o'clock position, that is, the support surface 15 is perpendicular and facing away from the factory sleigh 2. With the help of the second hydraulic cylinder 23, the support structure 20 is moved with the cutter 30 from the rest position in which the support structure 20 is weggeschwenkl from the rotational range of the wood block 16 to the top right, moved to the working position. Here, the milling head 31 is positioned so that it is at a longitudinal end of the Hol¬ block 1'6 in the correct height and distance.

The correct horizontal distance from the longitudinal axis 38 is known from the setting and operation of the knife machine in the controller.

The correct height can be easily calculated and thus adjusted automatically. As can be seen from FIG. 3, for the 9 o'clock position the vertical distance Y of the longitudinal side 19 from the longitudinal axis 38 of the beam construction 12 can be determined according to the following formula:

Y = R ² - (W + S) ²

Here, R is the distance of the axis of rotation 39 of the beam construction 12 from the cutting edge of the knife 10, W is the distance of the bearing surface 19 from the longitudinal axis 38 and S is the horizontal distance of the axis of rotation 39 from the longitudinal axis 38. The values R, W and S are in the control of the knife machine from the settings and the operating data known, so that the controller can calculate the value Y and drive the milling head 31 in the correct position. In this case, the correct height is determined from the value Y minus a preselectable cutting depth T.

The milling cutter 30 is switched on and the milling head 31 is guided along the upper longitudinal side 19 of the wood block 16, wherein the milling head engages with the cutting depth T in the longitudinal side 19; For this purpose, the first geared motor 34 is turned on and the carrier 26 is moved by means of the chain 33 along the beam 21. After machining the upper longitudinal side 19, the milling cutter 30 is moved downwards by the distance 2 x (Y - T) and the milling head 31 is returned along the lower longitudinal side 19. This completes the smoothing; the cutter 30 is turned off and the support onstruktion 20 moved to the rest position.

The drive of the beam construction 12 is turned on and the knives continue. All operations are repeated until so many veneer sheets are cut from the wood block 16 that only a minimal remnant of the wood block 16 (remainder block) is left, which can not be further cut because the knife 10 would project into the beam construction. The knife process is automatically stopped and the work slide 2 is returned to its rest position. The operator removes the remaining block after loosening the clamping jaws and clamps a new block of wood 16, and the cutting process starts again.

During the knives - that is, without interrupting the process - if necessary, the retaining claws 17 are moved to its rest position before the blade of the blade 10 is moved into the area where it could come into contact with the retaining claws 17.

In another, not shown embodiment of the invention, two vertically spaced milling 30 are guided on the running arm 29. Here, both sides 19 are smoothed simultaneously after pressing the button. As an alternative to the mill 30, in other embodiments a saw or a knife is employed, the tool being oriented to be sawed or cut in a horizontal plane.

Example 2

Another embodiment of the smoothing device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Here, the device for eccentric cutting of veneers largely corresponds to the above-described Example 1 with the difference that the device for smoothing with all associated parts is fixed to the blade carrier 3, which requires a modified construction.

For this purpose, two support arms 40 are mounted on top of the knife carrier 3 so that their upper ends point to the left in the direction of the Staylog beam arrangement 4. At the upper ends of a box-shaped carrier 41 is arranged with its longitudinal axis parallel to the cutting edge of the blade 10. On the left side of the carrier 41 according to FIG. 4, two spaced-apart guide rails 42 are fastened parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 41. On the guide rails 42, a support frame 43 is fixed, which is movable by means of a drive 44 along the guide rails 42. During knife operation, the support frame 43 is in a rest position at one of the longitudinal ends of the knife carrier 3. On the support frame 43 is a vertically downwards Transmitter 29 arranged with milling cutter 30, which substantially corresponds to that of the first embodiment.

At the longitudinal ends of the machine frame 5 light grids 45 are slidably mounted. Here, the light grids 45 are arranged in height so that they cover a horizontal area at the level of the axis of rotation of the beam construction 12. They are movable by hydraulic drives 46 in a horizontal plane.

The operation of the smoothing of the longitudinal sides 19 proceeds as follows: As soon as the machine operator determines that the longitudinal sides 19 of the clamped wood block 16 can enter, he actuates a corresponding button on the control panel of the knife machine. This causes the feed of the tool carriage 2 is interrupted and this is moved by the first hydraulic cylinder 14 by a short, defined distance from the Staylog- beam assembly 4 away; the drive of the beam construction 12 is stopped. At the same time, the light grids 45 are moved by a certain distance in the direction of the staylog beam arrangement 4 into a measuring position. The measuring position is in this case set so that the outer portion of the wood block 16 is detected when it is rotated with the beam construction 12 The drive of the beam construction 12 is then turned on at a low pace until the upper of the longitudinal sides 19 of the wood block 16 a beam of light of the light grid 45 breaks through. This means reaching the correct position of the long side 19 for smoothing. The milling cutter 30 is moved from the rest position into a defined, permanently adjustable working position, so that the milling head 31 is at a longitudinal end of the wood block 16 at the correct height. The drive of the cutter 30 is turned on and the carrying frame 43 with the parts arranged thereon along the guide rails 42 to the opposite side of the rest position. Here, the upper longitudinal side 19 is smoothed with the cutting depth.

For the smoothing of the other longitudinal side 19, the drive of the beam construction is turned on at low speed until no more of the light rays of the light grid 45 is broken. The support frame 43 with the parts disposed thereon moves along the guide rails 42 back to the rest position, and the drive of the cutter 30 is turned off.

The light grids 45 are moved back out of the measuring position and the tool slide 2 is moved into its last position prior to the initiation of smoothing towards the stay log beam arrangement 4. The normal knife operation is started.

Claims

1. Device for the eccentric cutting of veneers from at least one block of wood, with a tool slide equipped with a knife and a pressure beam, which can be moved back and forth in a horizontal plane and with a beam construction that is parallel or at an acute angle a horizontal longitudinal axis running to a cutting edge of the knife is designed to be rotatable and drivable, wherein means for clamping the wooden block are arranged on at least one support surface of the beam construction formed by a flat lateral surface, characterized by a device for smoothing the long sides (19) of the wooden block (16) .

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wooden block (16) and the device for smoothing are automatically moved into a working position for smoothing.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for smoothing comprises at least one milling cutter (30).

4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for smoothing comprises at least one saw.

5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for smoothing comprises at least one knife.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device for smoothing is indirectly attached to the frame (13).

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device for smoothing is indirectly attached to the knife carrier (3).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the working position for smoothing is determined by means of a light grid (45).