WO2004063486A1

WO2004063486A1 - New type building exterior panel, process and apparatus for making the same

Info

Publication number: WO2004063486A1
Application number: PCT/CN2003/000030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhiqiang Yu; Chengwu Wang
Original assignee: Shenyang Jianbaoli New Building Material Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2003-01-16
Filing date: 2003-01-16
Publication date: 2004-07-29
Also published as: AU2003207126A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a new type building exterior panel, process and apparatus for making the same, wherein the panel includes core and surface layer, the core (1) interlaying between the surface layers (2), and the one end of the core (1) is extends beyond the panel along one edge, and the opposite edge of the core is concavity, to form a tongue and a groove conjugated. The juncture of panels are rabbet joint. The surface layer (2) is made of chloride or GRC concrete, said and pozzolana mixed in proper proportion. Characteristic of the invention is with light weight, high strength, heat preservation, economize energy, fireproofing, easy assemble. Is propitious to mechanized production, and widely used for building, villa, workshop or wall structure and so on.

Description

New-type house exterior wall board, production process and production equipment thereof

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to a building material, and more particularly, to a new type of house exterior wall panel, and also relates to a process for producing the exterior wall panel and a production equipment for implementing the production process.

【Background technique】

With the world energy crisis and the tightening of crude oil supply in recent years, energy conservation and environmental protection have received increasing attention. In recent years, the state has strongly advocated the use of new building materials, especially wallboard materials. Advanced countries such as Europe and North America have adopted different insulation equipment to solve the problem of indoor and outdoor temperature differences, such as insulation boards (benzene board or glass wool), insulation walls or Temperature-resistant exterior wall paint. However, the main disadvantage of the existing exterior wall panels is that the longitudinal joints between the exterior panels undergo thermal changes during the four seasons, which causes the panels to expand and contract, which causes the longitudinal joints between the exterior panels to crack. There are problems such as water seepage or air leakage, which cause the insulation of the external wall panel to decrease and affect the appearance.

In addition, exterior wall panels have always used simple molds, mainly manual production or manual use of machinery, and the entire production process is non-mechanized, resulting in lower product quality, inaccurate dimensions, inconsistent shapes, and low production efficiency, which affects exterior walls. For the promotion and use of panels, there are currently interior wall panel production equipment at home and abroad, such as the vertical interior wall panel machine of Henan Mana Company, interior wall panel machine produced in Italy, etc., but mechanized equipment for exterior wall panel production has not been found at home and abroad. . [Summary of the Invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of external wall panel, which can effectively prevent the longitudinal joints between the wall panels from cracking after the external wall panel is installed, and also provide a process for producing the new type of external wall panel and a production for implementing the production process. device.

The first object of the present invention is achieved in that an exterior wall panel is composed of a core material and a surface layer, wherein the core material is sandwiched between the surface layers, and two special-shaped matching payments, such as concave-convex matching payments, are processed on both sides of the core material. The two exterior wall panels are joined together by this fitting, and the core material is compressible. Therefore, when the outer wall panel expands and contracts, the deformation of the core material makes up for the cracking deformation of the longitudinal joints of the outer wall panel. In order not to crack, the edge of the outer wall board, that is, the seam of the two outer wall boards, can be processed into a joint of depth and width conforming to the building's conventional rules. In order to ensure that the joints of the siding are not cracked and the exterior of the siding is beautiful, the groove is treated as follows: A thin layer of cement is applied to the core material at the bottom of the groove, and a layer of medium-alkali plastic glass fiber is laid on the cement. Grid cloth, and then spread a layer of cement, a layer of fiberglass cloth, and a layer of cement. After the joints of the joints are cured and dried, the joints are polished to be flush with the surface of the two exterior wall boards. No visible seams. Of course, more layers of cement and fiberglass cloth can be laid. In order to achieve the high strength of the external wall panel, vertical through grooves of various shapes can be opened on the upper and lower sides of the core material, and there are tensile steel bars connected at both ends, and opposite transverse grooves can be opened on the upper and lower sides. Of steel.

The second object of the present invention is achieved in such a way that the production process of a new type of exterior wallboard includes the following steps:

a mold preparation, including: placing the external wall plate mold on the supporting platform, using a tensile device to straighten or tighten a number of reinforcing bars below, so that it has tensile prestress or non-prestress; Put the core material on the above rebar, and stretch several reinforcing bars on it as required; bind the transverse rebars, as required, such as for stacking transportation or health, flip the mold 180 degrees and place it on the supporting platform. Install several removable positioning bars;

b. Laying the first layer of material, that is, the material to be stirred is preferably leaked down to the surface to be paved automatically by using a hopper, and scraped by a vibration scraper; Network cloth, and smoothed with a vibration scraper;

c. According to step b, spread the second layer of material and the second layer of glass fiber mesh cloth, and smooth it with a vibration scraper;

d. According to step b, spread a third layer of material, and also use a vibration scraper to scrape it flat;

e. After at least one of steps b, c, and d each time, the prepared board surface is dried and healthy; f. the mold is turned 180 degrees together with the prepared outer wall board;

g. Repeat steps b to e to make the other side;

h. optionally, washing or grinding one or both sides of the exterior wall panel; i. Coordination and parity of processing external wall panels.

The third object of the present invention, that is, the production equipment for implementing the above process, is mainly composed of a mold, a mold tensioning device, a vibration scraping device, a glass fiber cloth flattening device, an installation and a co-processing device, and a board surface grinding if necessary. Flat device composition. The mold is preferably made of section steel and round steel. The section steel is mainly used for the die side, including horizontal and vertical sides. The round steel is mainly used for lifting and correcting the deformation of the die side. The horizontal and vertical sides of the mold can be connected by welding or bolting or other rapid methods. There are several openings in the side of the mold to pass through single or double reinforcement or steel ribs. Tensile bars with straightening die edges are installed on the longitudinal die edges. In addition, it is better to have lifting ears on the two longitudinal sides of the mold to facilitate the movement of the mold and the 180-degree inversion. Removable positioning strips can also be installed under the mold to achieve stack health of multilayer molds. The above production line also includes a device for moving and maintaining the mold and semi-finished exterior wall board stations, which can be transport vehicles, conveyors, lifting equipment, etc. In order to facilitate automation, the production line can be tracked.

The novel exterior wall panel of the present invention not only has light-weight, high-strength> insulation> energy saving> fire-proof, quick installation (quick-asembling) ) And other characteristics, and can effectively prevent cracks in the longitudinal joints between the wall panels after the installation of the external wall panels. Houses constructed with this new type of external wall panels also have good seismic performance.

The exterior wall panel production line of the present invention solves the problem of manual production of exterior wall panels, changes the backward situation of squatting on the ground in the past, greatly improves the production efficiency, and produces a 900 mm X 3000 mm X 120 mm exterior wall panel. It takes about one minute and the productivity is increased by 5-10 times.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a novel exterior wall panel of the present invention;

2 is a side view of the novel exterior wall panel shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a part in Fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of part 12 in FIG. ₂ . Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the tongue and groove of the external wall board.

FIG. 6 is an external wall panel production process of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mold for manufacturing an exterior wall panel of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a mold tensioning device for manufacturing an exterior wall panel of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a vibration screeding device used for manufacturing an exterior wall panel of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a glass fiber cloth flattening device.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a plate surface smoothing device at a later stage.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a processing device for installing and matching external wall panels.

【detailed description】

The novel exterior wall panel of the present invention adopts a sandwich structure. Between the surface layer 2 sandwiched by a core material 1 made of heat-insulating, heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials, one end of the core material 1 protrudes from the side of the wall panel, and the other end is recessed toward the wall panel. Inside, and the convex portion and the concave portion constitute a mating portion. Of course, both ends of the core material can also be convex or concave, as long as two external wall panels can form a matching payment. The wall panel adopts this convex-concave method to greatly improve the insulation of the wall panel. performance. This convex-concave surface is circular inside and outside in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, but can also be processed into other geometric shapes, such as rectangular, triangular, dovetail, trapezoidal, etc. The upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1 are provided with vertical through grooves 4 of various shapes, and there are tensile steel bars 3 connected at both ends. The upper and lower surfaces may be provided with opposite transverse grooves, and the steel bars 3 surrounding the core material 1 are installed therein. , As shown in Figure 4. The steel reinforcement structure in the groove greatly improves the strength of the external wall panel. The core material 1 can be EPS or flame retardant materials such as asbestos. The surface layer 2 is made of magnesium oxychloride cement or GRC cement, sand and volcanic slag, where the weight ratio of cement, sand and volcanic slag is usually 1: 1.0- 2.8: 1.0-3.3, preferably 1: 1.25-2.5: 1.25-2.5, and most preferably 1: 1.5-2.25: 1.5-2.0. Because the core material is compressible, the deformation of the core material makes up for the deformation of the longitudinal seam cracks of the exterior wall panel when the exterior wall panel expands and contracts. The width of the outer wall panel can be various sizes that conform to the building modulus, and the length can be determined according to the use requirements, and generally is not greater than 3000 mm.

The following table 1 compares the thermal conductivity of foamed plastic and other commonly used building insulation materials: To achieve the same insulation effect

Thermal Conductivity

Thickness of insulation layer when material name

(W / m ² .K)

Meter)

Ordinary brick 0.698 860

Concrete block 0.349 380

Expanded diatomaceous earth 0.052 50

Light cork 0.038-0.043 50

Mineral wool 0.034-0.037 45

Polystyrene foam plastic 0.032-0.037 40

Rigid polyurethane foam

0.017-0.025 25

Material

The following table 2 is a comparison table of the insulation layer thickness when the construction materials of different materials achieve the same insulation effect.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, at the edge of the outer wall panel, that is, the joint between the two outer wall panels I and Π, a groove with a depth h and a width b is processed. In order to ensure that the joints of the outer wall panel are not cracked and ensured, The exterior of the wallboard is beautiful, and the tongue and groove is treated as follows: Apply a thin layer of cement to the core material at the bottom of the tongue and groove, and lay a layer of medium-alkali coated glass fiber mesh cloth with the same width as the board. Lay a layer of cement, a layer of fiberglass cloth, and another layer of cement. After the joints of the joints are cured and dried, polish the joints so that they are flush with the surface of the two exterior wall boards without obvious seams. scar. Of course, more layers of cement and fiberglass cloth can also be laid.

Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a production process of an external wall panel, which mainly includes the following process steps a. Mould preparation, including: placing the outer wall board mold 5 on the supporting platform 6 and using a tensioning device to straighten or tighten several reinforcing steel bars 3 as required (see Fig. 7) so that Pull pre-stressed or non-pre-stressed; put the special benzene plate of burning resistance on the above-mentioned steel bars, and stretch several reinforcing bars on it as required; bind the transverse steel bars; can be transported as stacking as required Or keep healthy, turn the mold 180 degrees and put it on the mold support platform, and install several removable positioning bars;

b. Lift the mold to the transport vehicle, and lay the first layer of material at the first station. The material to be stirred is preferably leaked down to the surface to be paved automatically using a hopper and scraped by a vibration scraper; The second station spreads the first layer of glass fiber mesh cloth on the laid backing material and scrapes it with a vibration scraper;

c. At the next station, according to step b, lay a second layer of material and a second layer of glass fiber mesh cloth, and smooth it with a vibration scraper;

d. At the next station, according to step b, spread the third layer of material, and also use a vibration scraper to scrape it flat; e. The prepared board surface is kept dry and healthy;

f. Turn the mold 180 degrees together with the finished exterior wall panel;

g. Repeat steps b to e to make the other side;

h. Optionally, wash and grind the two sides of the outer wall board, rough grinding first, and then fine grinding. The precision of the polished board surface is within 1 mm. The outer wall board is particularly smooth and smooth after washing and grinding. Apply paint or varnish directly without re-processing, thus significantly reducing the decoration period;

i. Coordination and parity of processing external wall panels.

FIG. 7 shows a mold for manufacturing an exterior wall panel of the present invention, preferably made of profiled steel and round steel. The profiled steel is mainly used for die edges, including transverse edges 6 and longitudinal edges 7. Round steel is mainly used for hoisting and correcting mold edge deformation. . The horizontal and vertical sides of the mold can be connected by welding or bolts or other rapid methods. There are several openings on the transverse side of the mold for passing single or double reinforcement or steel ribs. Tensioning bars 9 are provided on the longitudinal die edges to straighten the die edges to ensure the shape of the die. In addition, lifting ears 8 are preferably provided on the two longitudinal sides of the mold, so as to facilitate the movement of the mold and the 180-degree inversion. A detachable positioning strip can also be installed under the mold, so as to achieve stack health of multilayer molds. Mold The net size of the product (that is, the product size) can be various sizes that conform to the building modulus, and its length depends on the needs, and is generally not greater than 3000 mm.

FIG. 8 shows a mold tensioning device, which is a key device for rebar in a tensioning mold, and is composed of a positioner 10, a tensioning clamp 11, a cutting and riveting device 12, and a tensioning wheel 13. The tensioning device Set at the two ends of the mold. The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of movement of each part during operation.

FIG. 9 shows a vibration leveling device 23, which is a key device for improving the quality of the product. The external wall panel is treated with the material layer by the vibration leveling device, so that the surface layer structure of the manufactured external wall panel is compact, the surface is smooth, and it is convenient. Later plate surface treatment, the vibration screed device includes a base 14, a support frame 15, a lower vibration plate 16, an upper vibration plate 17, a vibrator 18, a flexible lifting device 19, a support spring 20 and a squeegee 21, and a width of the squeegee 21. It can be the same or different, and the thickness of the surface layer scraped by different scrapers is different.

FIG. 10 shows a glass fiber cloth flattening device. The glass fiber grid cloth 22 passes through at least three flattening rollers. Here are five parallel flattening rollers 24. The glass fiber grid cloth can be warped, and the weft grids are perpendicular to each other. The glass fiber mesh cloth is in a straight state, which is convenient for spreading.

Fig. 11 shows the plate surface post-smoothing device, which is composed of a variable-speed table 25 and a disc grinding head 26, where the grinding plate is perpendicular to the table, and the grinding head can enter the knife vertically with respect to the table (arrow Pl). The disk 27 rotates in the direction shown by the arrow R1. The external wall panel I to be ground is fixed on the workbench, and moves forward and backward along the arrow P2.

Figure 12 shows a processing device for the installation and matching of external wall panels. The external wall panel I to be processed is fixed on a table 28 that can be moved at a variable speed. The table 28 can be fed along the arrow P3. The two variable-speed cutting heads 29 can advance or retract along the arrows P4 and P5. The rotation axis of the cutting head is perpendicular to the table. According to the different shapes of the cutting head, different shapes can be processed. The cutting head can control the cutting depth and position.

Finally, the external wall panel production line can also include handling and health maintenance devices, molds and external wall panels processed into semi-finished products need to be moved and maintained by production lines to achieve movement and health maintenance between stations. These devices can be transport vehicles, conveyors, lifting equipment, etc. It can also be moved between fixed molds or external wall panels, and the processing equipment can be moved, as long as the required relative movement can be achieved. Of course, the handling and health maintenance device is also reliable and manual, but it is much more laborious.

The novel exterior wall panel of the present invention has no environmental pollution, adopts mechanized production, assembles components on site, and uses parallel operations, and can be widely used in various buildings, villas, factory buildings or structural walls. Take a two-story small villa of 220 square meters as an example. The construction period can reach the key project in just 20 days. The plasterboard ceiling is renovated inside and outside, the interior wall is painted white, the exterior wall is coated with high-grade paint, colored steel tiles, and the water and electricity meet the standards for use. Such a house is only 750 yuan per square meter of construction area.

Claims

Rights request

1. A new type of exterior wall panel is composed of a core material and a surface layer, wherein the core material (1) is sandwiched between the surface layer (2), one end of the core material (1) protrudes from the side of the wall panel, and the other end is recessed into the wall panel, Or both ends are convex or concave, so that when the two outer wall panels are connected, the convex part and the concave part form a matching payment, and a notch is processed at the joint between the outer wall panel and the other outer wall panel.

2. The outer wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the core material (1) can be provided with vertical through grooves (4) of various shapes on the upper and lower sides, and the steel bars (3) connected at both ends therein.

3. The external wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the core material (1) is provided with opposite transverse grooves on the top and bottom surfaces thereof, and a reinforcing bar (3) surrounding the core material (1) is installed therein.

4. The exterior wall panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the core material (1) is a lightweight thermal insulation material.

5. The external wall panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the lightweight thermal insulation material is EPS, asbestos, or rock wool.

6. The exterior wall panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface layer (2) is made of magnesium oxychloride cement or GRC cement, sand and volcanic slag.

7. The exterior wall panel according to claim 6, characterized in that the weight ratio of cement, sand and volcanic slag is 1: 1.0-2.8: 1.0-3.3 o

8. The exterior wall panel according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the weight ratio of cement, sand and volcanic slag is 1: 1.25-2.5: 1.25-2.5.

9. The exterior wall panel according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the weight ratio of cement, sand and volcanic slag is 1: 1.5-2.25: 1.5-2.0 c

10. The method for joining seams between two external wall panels according to any one of the preceding claims, to perform the following processing on the grooves: Apply at least three layers of cement, two on the core material at the bottom of the grooves. Layer of fiberglass cloth, that is, apply a thin layer of mastic, and then spread a layer of medium-alkali plastic glass fiber mesh cloth on the mastic, and then spread a layer of mastic, a layer of fiberglass cloth, a layer of mastic, and wait for the mouth Connection After drying, polish the grooves to make them flush with the surface of the two exterior wall panels.

11. The production process of the new type of exterior wallboard includes the following steps:

a. mold preparation, that is, the outer wall plate mold is placed on the supporting platform; ¾ core material into the mold; b. spread the first layer of material, that is, spread the stirred material on the plane to be laid, and pass the vibration scraper Scrape it; then spread the first layer of glass fiber network cloth on the laid backing material and scrape it with a vibration scraper;

c. According to step b, spread a second layer of material and a second layer of glass fiber mesh cloth, and smooth it with a vibration scraper;

g. Repeat steps 13 to ₆ to make the other side;

h. Coordination and parity of processing external wall panels.

12. The production process according to claim 11, characterized in that: in the step a, after placing the outer wall plate mold on the supporting mold platform, the tensioning device is used to straighten or lower several reinforcing steel bars as required or Tighten, place the core material on the rebar, and stretch several reinforcing bars on it as required; bind the transverse bars.

13. The production process according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: before the step b, the mold is turned 180 degrees, and a plurality of detachable positioning bars are installed for stacking.

14. The production process according to claim 11, 12, or 13, characterized in that: the well-dried board surface is washed and ground.

15. The production process according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the station movement of the outer wall panel can be realized by a transport vehicle.

16. The mold for manufacturing a new type of exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the mold edge is made of profiled steel, and includes a lateral edge (6) and a longitudinal edge (7). The edges are interconnected.

17. The mold according to claim 16, characterized in that: a plurality of openings are formed on the lateral side for passing through the reinforcing steel bar (3).

18. The mold according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: the longitudinal mold edge is provided with a tensile steel bar (9) for straightening the mold edge.

19. The mold according to claim 16, 17 or 18, wherein the horizontal side and the vertical side are connected by bolts.

20. The mold according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that: a lifting ear (8) is provided on the longitudinal side of the mold.

21. The mold according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein a detachable positioning strip is installed under the mold.

22. Equipment for manufacturing a new type of external wall panel, comprising a mold (5) having the features described in any one of claims 16-21, a mold tensioning device, a vibration scraping device, a glass fiber cloth flattening device, installation and co-processing Device.

23. The device according to claim 22, further comprising a plate surface smoothing device.

24. The device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that: the mold tensioning device comprises a positioner (10), a tensioning clamp (11), a cutting and riveting device (12) and a tensioning wheel (13) Composition.

25. A house or wall structure constructed with an exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.