WO2004063244A1 - Composition polycondensable a reticulation retardee, son utilisation pour realiser des revetements et revetements ainsi obtenus - Google Patents
Composition polycondensable a reticulation retardee, son utilisation pour realiser des revetements et revetements ainsi obtenus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004063244A1 WO2004063244A1 PCT/FR2003/003793 FR0303793W WO2004063244A1 WO 2004063244 A1 WO2004063244 A1 WO 2004063244A1 FR 0303793 W FR0303793 W FR 0303793W WO 2004063244 A1 WO2004063244 A1 WO 2004063244A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- composition
- heterocycle
- isocyanate
- carbon
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/7806—Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups
- C08G18/7818—Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups containing ureum or ureum derivative groups
- C08G18/7831—Nitrogen containing -N-C=0 groups containing ureum or ureum derivative groups containing biuret groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polycondensable composition which can be used for coatings and whose crosslinking is delayed, in particular at room temperature. It relates more particularly to compositions whose shelf life after mixing is increased. The present invention also relates to the use of polycondensable compositions for producing coatings. It also relates to the coatings thus obtained.
- the coating industry and in particular paint and varnishes, has two types of composition for producing high quality polyurethane paints or varnishes.
- true polyisocyanates that is to say unmasked polyisocyanates, and polyols of a certain type are used.
- the coating thus obtained is of high quality.
- compositions designated by 1K are compositions designated by 1K and which are made up of masked isocyanates and whose unmasking or unblocking temperature is relatively high, around 140 ° C. with catalyst.
- the polyols used for these compositions are different in nature.
- one of the aims of the present invention is to provide isocyanate-polyol compositions which give paints or varnishes of quality at least equal to those of so-called 2K mixtures.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition of the above type whose lifetime in mixture and at ambient temperature is at least equal to 8 h, preferably at least equal to one day.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide compositions of the above type which do not to be crosslinked, a temperature of at most 100 ° C. is required for a period of half an hour.
- the invention aims to improve productivity by avoiding the daily preparation of the coating composition as required by the compositions formulated with polyisocyanates with free functions, compositions designated under the expression 2K.
- the aim is to avoid loss of material during incidents on the line.
- the invention makes it possible to avoid the variability of the baths, and more precisely of the preparations since, on the one hand, there will be less preparation for a determined period of time and, on the other hand, the variation according to the age of preparation will be lower.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide compositions for coatings on heat-sensitive materials, such as wood, plastics, papers, and for non-heat-sensitive metal parts but being too large to fit in a heated oven. temperatures between 150 and 200 ° C.
- the masking technique must allow physical stability during storage of the coating formulation, that is to say that there must be no demixing or crystallization.
- the masking technique must make it possible to confer on the coating thus obtained properties at least comparable to those obtained with unmasked polyisocyanates.
- the addition compound between an aliphatic isocyanate and a five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycle can be a compound totally masked by said nitrogen heterocycle. It can contain up to 10% equivalent of free isocyanate functions.
- it may contain other masking agents than those meeting the definition of the nitrogen heterocycle.
- the masking agent meeting the definition of the nitrogen heterocycle can be a mixture of compounds meeting the conditions defined above. In this case, it is preferable that at least 50%, preferably 2/3 of the isocyanate functions, are masked by imidazole rings. Indeed, the tetrazole cycles, although chemically conceivable, are difficult to use, and the triazole cycles are unmasked at a temperature significantly higher than that of imidazole.
- the average number of carbons of the masking agents is at most equal to 10 carbon atoms reduced to a masked isocyanate function, preferably at most equal to 6, more preferably at most equal to 5. It is preferable that this ratio or at least equal to 4, preferably equal to 5, plus or minus 0.5.
- heterocyclic protecting group without pendant chains / heterocyclic protecting group with pendant chains is generally less than 50%, preferably 40%.
- the substituents of the five-membered heterocycle of aromatic nature are advantageously linear or branched or cycloaliphatic aliphatic chains, comprising at least 1 and at most 10 carbon atoms. They can possibly be interrupted by heteroatoms (for example nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur). These substituents can also be perfluorinated chains. In general, these substituents do not contain planar structures, in particular aromatic structures insofar as the latter are capable of leading to crystallization of the modified polyisocyanates. It is also possible to provide other functional groups as substituents of the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring, in particular ether or ester functions which can link the pendant chain to the heterocyclic ring.
- the disubstituted derivatives 2,4, 2,5, 4,5 such as 2-ethyl-, 4-methylimidazole or 4-methyl-, 5-hydroxymethylimidazole or 4-methyl-2-phenylimidazole or 4- ethyl methyl-5-imidazole carboxylate,
- 2-hydroxypyridine and its derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine, 2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, 3-methoxy-2-pyridone, 2,6-dihydroxypyridine, 2- hydroxy-6-methylpyridine carboxylic acid, - triazole derivatives.
- the composition comprises a coreactant having at least two functions with mobile hydrogen.
- co-reactants are advantageously polyols and, more particularly, the co-reactant is advantageously a polyol having a hydroxyl content of between 1 and 5 g / 100 g, advantageously between 3.5 and 4.5 g / 100 g expressed relative to the dry extract.
- Polyacrylates containing hydroxyl groups of polyesters or alkyds or their mixtures can be used for this purpose.
- Mw molecular mass
- CPG gel permeation chromatography
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Mw average molecular mass
- Mn number of molecules of average molecular mass
- the polyol polymer is generally in solution in an organic solvent.
- solvent mention may be made in particular of esters, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, etheresters or amides. It is also possible to use aqueous solutions, emulsions or dispersions of polyols or hydroorganic formulations.
- it may be a polyol with a high dry extract (ES), including the E.S. is between 60 and 100%.
- E.S. high dry extract
- the isocyanates for which the invention is most interesting are the aliphatic isocyanates, that is to say those whose nitrogen atom is linked to a sp 3 hybridization carbon. .
- These aliphatic isocyanates, to be condensed with said a nitrogen heterocycle of aromatic nature with 5 links having a nitrogen-carbon-nitrogen sequence of the type -N (H) -C (-) N-, are either isocyanate molecules, called monomers, that is to say not polycondensed, either heavier molecules derived from one or more oligocondensation (s), or mixtures of the oligocondensates possibly with monomer.
- trimer mixtures resulting from the formation of isocyanuric rings from three isocyanate functions are called; in fact, alongside the true trimer there are heavier products from trimerization).
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- NBDI norbornane diisocyanate
- BIC 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane
- H1 2 -MDI and cyclohexyl-1
- 4-diisocyanate norbornane diisisocyanate
- arylènedialcoylènediisocyanates such as OCN ⁇ CH 2 - 0-CH 2 -NCO.
- the part of the skeleton connecting two isocyanate functions comprises at least one polymethylene chain (CH 2 ) ⁇ , where ⁇ represents an integer of 2 to 10, advantageously from 4 to 8. This preference affects the mechanical performance. When there are several sequences, these can be similar or different. In addition, it is desirable that at least one, preferably all of these sequences, be free to rotate and therefore hexocyclic.
- the masked polyisocyanate pure or in mixture, comes from a polyisocyanate, that is to say having at least two isocyanate functions, advantageously more than two (possibilities of fractional values since it s in general acts of a mixture of more or less condensed oligomers), which itself is most often derived from a precondensation or a prepolymerization of unit diisocyanate (sometimes qualified in the present description as "monomer").
- 90% of the molecules constituting the mixture of these prepolymers or of these precondensates before masking have an average molecular mass at most equal to approximately 4000 (Mw), more commonly to approximately 2000 (Mw), the term approximately signifying that position zeros are not significant digits (in other words, only one digit is significant in this case).
- polyisocyanates used for the invention mention may be made of those of the biuret type and those of which the di- or trimerization reaction has led to four, five or six-membered rings.
- isocyanuric rings originating from a homo- or heterotrimerization of various diisocyanates alone, with other isocyanate (s) [mono-, di-, or polyisocyanate ( s)] or with carbon dioxide (or carbon dioxide), in this case we replace a nitrogen of the isocyanuric cycle by an oxygen.
- Isocyanuric ring oligomers are preferred.
- Mention may also be made of the compounds resulting from condensation with diols and triols (carbamates and allophanates) in sub-stoichiometry.
- isocyanate compositions one can find:
- - urea functions which can be obtained by reaction of isocyanate functions with water or primary or secondary amines
- - biuret functions which can be obtained by condensation of isocyanate functions on themselves in the presence of water and a catalyst or by reaction of isocyanate functions on primary or secondary amines
- the preferred polyisocyanates are those which exhibit at least one aliphatic isocyanate function, advantageously all.
- at least one masked isocyanate function according to the invention is linked to the backbone by means of a sp 3 type carbon advantageously carrying a hydrogen atom, preferably two.
- said sp 3 type carbon is itself carried by a sp 3 type carbon and advantageously provided with one, preferably two hydrogen atoms, in order to avoid the isocyanate function considered being in position neopentyl.
- composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of isocyanates
- said mixture has an average functionality (number of isocyanate functions, masked or not, per molecule containing it) greater than 2, advantageously at least equal to 2, 1, and at most equal to approximately 15, advantageously to 7, preferably equal to at least 2.4 and at most equal to 4.
- the present invention is advantageously carried out in solvents but it is also suitable for implementation in the form of a dispersion in an aqueous phase.
- a dispersion involves the use of surfactants, and in particular dispersants.
- the continuous phase is an aqueous phase.
- the masked isocyanates and the polyols can be in the same continuous phase or in two distinct discontinuous phases.
- the solvents can be used in the context of the invention. These are current solvents in this area.
- the solvents are those which are well known to those skilled in the art and, in particular, aromatics such as benzene, ketones such as cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, light alkyl esters, in particular dibutyl acetate and adipic esters; oil cuts of the type sold under the Solveso brand can also be used.
- it is also possible to carry out masking in situ that is to say that the invention relates to a composition which comprises, for successive or simultaneous addition, a polyisocyanate to be masked according to the invention;
- the 5-membered heterocycle according to the present invention is a heterocycle of imidazole nature as indicated below:
- the average number of carbons of the masking agents used in this implementation is at least equal to 3.5.
- the molar proportion, or if appropriate in equivalent in cal complex molecule, such as imidazole is at least equal to 50%, preferably 2/3, more preferably 3/4.
- the stoichiometric ratio between the masking agents and the free isocyanate functions is at most equal to 1, 2, preferably to 1.1, more preferably to 1.
- the relative amount of polyols and isocyanate functions, masked or to be masked, varies between 0.1 and 10 times the stoichiometric amount, advantageously between 1/2 and 2 times the stoichiometric amount, more preferably is equal to the stoichiometric amount more or less 30%.
- the invention therefore also relates to paint compositions comprising for successive or simultaneous addition:
- the invention also relates to the paints and varnishes obtained by the use of these compositions, with the possible release according to the above process.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the compositions of the present invention for producing coatings, and in particular paints and varnishes. This use is achieved by a method of applying a layer on the substrate to be coated, followed by heating at most equal to 125 ° C, preferably at most equal to 110 ° C for a period varying from half an hour to 2 hours usually.
- the thickness of the layer varies from 20 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the product After cooling to room temperature, the product is transferred to a receiving bottle.
- the characteristics of the masked product are as follows: Theoretical NCO titer: 0.206 mol per 100 g of solution, that is 8.66% by weight of NCO function per 100 g of formulation.
- the dry extract is 60.2%.
- the viscosity is 760 mPas at 25 ° C.
- Example 1 the procedure is as for Example 1, using as starting polyisocyanates Tolonate @ HDT Rhodia of NCO title 0.52 mol per 100 g or Tolonatre® DB (Biuret) commercial of Rhodia of NCO title 22% by weight or Tolonate HDT HR from Rhodia, and as blocking agents 2-ethylimidazole or 2-propylimidazole or 50/50 molar mixtures with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole.
- Tolonatre® DB Bouret
- Two-component polyurethanes are so called because the polyol (hydroxylated resin) and the isocyanate are supplied in two separate containers; they are mixed during application and, therefore, there is an increase in the viscosity of application due to the reaction between the polyol and the isocyanate in the pot.
- the pot-life is the time during which the mixture is usable, it is measured as the time necessary to double the initial viscosity.
- Two-component polyurethanes are versatile: they can be applied to any medium: metal, wood, plastic. Drying is carried out in ambient air or even accelerated by heating.
- the blocked isocyanate does not react at room temperature with the polyol.
- the two components are therefore formulated and stored in the same jar.
- polyurethane has no pot life.
- the drawback of such a system is that the reaction between the isocyanate and the polyol can only take place after thermal release, generally beyond 140 ° C., which means that the substrate cannot be thermosensitive, such as wood and plastic.
- Blocked isocyanates unlocking at temperatures below 100 ° C, have the advantage of using them on certain plastics (polypropylene, polyamide, for example), while not having the constraint of pot-life.
- the advantage of isocyanate with an elongated pot-life lies in an extension of the duration of use of the product on the chain: increased productivity, no problem of product taken up in bulk in static mixers and guns, no need to clean the application equipment during breaks, better yield on the amount of paint used ...
- the hardeners are used in a varnish based on Joncryl SC 922X (an acrylic polyol from SC Johnson, 4.4% OH and a dry extract of 80%) in the absence of catalyst.
- the rate of NCO / OH 1.05
- the dry extract during application is 60%.
- the varnishes are applied to a glass plate with a 100 ⁇ wet applicator. After 30 min of desoivatation, baking is carried out for each varnish at 80 ° C or 120 ° C for 30 min.
- the Persoz hardness is measured, and the chemical resistance is checked by means of the MEK double rub test. (methyl ethyl ketone) '; the varnish must have a resistance to at least 200 double rubs and a sufficient Persoz hardness.
- Ethylimidazole blocked products seem to offer the best compromise: they allow unlocking from 90 ° C. Subsequent unlocking tests at 80 ° C do not give conclusive results.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003299345A AU2003299345A1 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2003-12-18 | Delayed crosslinking polycondensable composition, use thereof for producing coatings and resulting coatings |
US10/539,998 US20060100361A1 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2003-12-18 | Delayed crosslinking polycondensable composition, use thereof for producing coatings and resulting coatings |
EP03799627A EP1583787A1 (fr) | 2002-12-24 | 2003-12-18 | Composition polycondensable a reticulation retardee, son utilisation pour realiser des revetements et revetements ainsi obtenus |
US12/892,258 US20110117282A1 (en) | 2002-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Process of obtaining a polyurethane coating composition having extended pot-life |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0216633A FR2849042B1 (fr) | 2002-12-24 | 2002-12-24 | Composition polycondensable a reticulation retardee, son utilisation pour realiser des revetements et revetements ainsi obtenus |
FR02/16633 | 2002-12-24 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/892,258 Continuation-In-Part US20110117282A1 (en) | 2002-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Process of obtaining a polyurethane coating composition having extended pot-life |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004063244A1 true WO2004063244A1 (fr) | 2004-07-29 |
Family
ID=32406490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2003/003793 WO2004063244A1 (fr) | 2002-09-28 | 2003-12-18 | Composition polycondensable a reticulation retardee, son utilisation pour realiser des revetements et revetements ainsi obtenus |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060100361A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1583787A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1331909C (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003299345A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2849042B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004063244A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010061963A1 (de) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | EL-Elemente enthaltend eine Pigmentschicht mit vernetzenden Systemen mit blockierten Isocyanat-Gruppen |
MY174272A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2020-04-01 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Blocked isocyanate, coating composition, adhesive composition, and article |
JP7189883B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-13 | 2022-12-14 | 三井化学株式会社 | ポリウレタン樹脂組成物、硬化物、成形品、繊維強化プラスチックおよび繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4255551A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1981-03-10 | Chemische Werke Huls Ag | Coating materials and their application prepared from polyisocyanates blocked with imidazolines |
JPS6147762A (ja) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-03-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 絶縁塗料 |
EP0615991A1 (fr) * | 1993-03-15 | 1994-09-21 | Bayer Corporation | Compositions de revêtement à composant unique contenant des polyisocyanates bloqués avec des oximes ou lactames et ayant une résistance améliorée au jaunissement |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3152094A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1964-10-06 | Air Prod & Chem | Production of polyurethanes using an imidazole catalyst |
JP2890130B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-06 | 1999-05-10 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 一液型自己硬化性樹脂の製造方法 |
JP3091871B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-04 | 2000-09-25 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 自己架橋性樹脂の製造方法 |
JP3170617B2 (ja) * | 1992-03-04 | 2001-05-28 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 自己架橋性樹脂 |
JPH05331413A (ja) * | 1992-05-28 | 1993-12-14 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | 塗料用樹脂組成物 |
JP3205784B2 (ja) * | 1992-08-03 | 2001-09-04 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 自己架橋性樹脂 |
JP3205786B2 (ja) * | 1992-08-18 | 2001-09-04 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 自己架橋性樹脂 |
BE1008721A3 (nl) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-07-02 | Dsm Nv | Bindmiddelsamenstelling voor poederverfformuleringen. |
DE19529124C1 (de) * | 1995-08-08 | 1996-11-21 | Herberts Gmbh | Überzugsmittel und deren Verwendung in Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtüberzügen |
US5998539A (en) * | 1996-10-08 | 1999-12-07 | Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. | Water-dispersible blocked isocyanate composition, and water-base paint composition and water-base adhesive composition using same |
US6248843B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-06-19 | Mcwhorter Technologies, Inc. | Powder coatings based on branched oligoesters and triazole blocked polyisocyanates |
-
2002
- 2002-12-24 FR FR0216633A patent/FR2849042B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 US US10/539,998 patent/US20060100361A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-18 EP EP03799627A patent/EP1583787A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-18 WO PCT/FR2003/003793 patent/WO2004063244A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-18 AU AU2003299345A patent/AU2003299345A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-18 CN CNB2003801075575A patent/CN1331909C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4255551A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1981-03-10 | Chemische Werke Huls Ag | Coating materials and their application prepared from polyisocyanates blocked with imidazolines |
JPS6147762A (ja) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-03-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 絶縁塗料 |
EP0615991A1 (fr) * | 1993-03-15 | 1994-09-21 | Bayer Corporation | Compositions de revêtement à composant unique contenant des polyisocyanates bloqués avec des oximes ou lactames et ayant une résistance améliorée au jaunissement |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198616, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A25, AN 1986-103433, XP002283958 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003299345A1 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
FR2849042B1 (fr) | 2005-04-29 |
US20060100361A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
EP1583787A1 (fr) | 2005-10-12 |
FR2849042A1 (fr) | 2004-06-25 |
CN1732198A (zh) | 2006-02-08 |
CN1331909C (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
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