WO2004050220A1 - マイクロチップ、ならびにこれを用いた溶媒置換方法、濃縮方法、および質量分析システム - Google Patents
マイクロチップ、ならびにこれを用いた溶媒置換方法、濃縮方法、および質量分析システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004050220A1 WO2004050220A1 PCT/JP2003/015256 JP0315256W WO2004050220A1 WO 2004050220 A1 WO2004050220 A1 WO 2004050220A1 JP 0315256 W JP0315256 W JP 0315256W WO 2004050220 A1 WO2004050220 A1 WO 2004050220A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- flow path
- sample
- microchip
- specific component
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0053—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/006—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods
- B01D67/0062—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C5/00—Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microchip, and more particularly to a method for concentrating a specific component in a sample and replacing a solvent using such a microchip, and a mass spectrometry system.
- proteomics is attracting attention as a research method that plays a part in the age of the lost genome.
- proteins and the like are finally identified by mass spectrometry, etc., but sample separation and pretreatment to enable mass spectrometry etc. are performed before that.
- sample separation and pretreatment to enable mass spectrometry etc. are performed before that.
- sample separation is a method of such sample separation.
- Two-dimensional electrophoresis has been widely used.
- amphoteric electrolytes such as peptides and proteins are separated at their isoelectric points and then further separated by molecular weight.
- microchemical analysis in which chemical operations such as sample pretreatment, reaction, separation, and detection are performed on a microchip, is rapidly developing. According to the separation and analysis method using a microchip, only a small amount of sample is required, and the environmental load is small and high-sensitivity analysis is possible. The time required for separation can be significantly reduced.
- Patent Document 1 describes an apparatus that realizes capillary electrophoresis using a microchip having a configuration in which a groove or a reservoir is provided on a substrate.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-200703 Disclosure of the Invention
- an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for concentrating a specific component in a sample and recovering the sample at a high concentration.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for replacing a solvent in a state where a specific component in a sample is concentrated.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a technique for removing unnecessary components such as salts contained in a sample in a state where a specific component in the sample is concentrated.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for performing these processes on a microchip.
- the method includes: a flow path provided on a substrate, through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows; and a sample introduction unit provided in the flow path.
- the flow path includes a first flow path and a second flow path.
- a filter is formed at the entrance from the sample introduction part of the first flow path, and a filter is provided at the entrance from the sample introduction part of the first flow path, and a liquid is provided at the entrance from the sample introduction part of the second flow path.
- a microchip is provided, which is provided with a damming region for preventing a sample from entering and for allowing a liquid sample to pass through by applying an external force of a certain level or more.
- the filter has a plurality of pores large enough to prevent passage of a specific component.
- the filter can be, for example, a plurality of pillars arranged at intervals of about several tens to several hundreds of nm.
- the filter size is Aluminum oxide of about several nm, aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass) ⁇ Polymer film obtained by sintering colloidal particles and polymer gel film obtained by gelling polymer sol it can.
- the filter can be configured to block passage not only by the magnitude of the component but also by the charge of the component.
- the specific component can be concentrated on one surface of the filter and taken out from the second channel. Further, when a specific component is taken out from the second flow path, the solvent can be replaced by using a solvent different from the solvent contained in the first sample.
- the blocking area may be a lyophobic area.
- the lyophobic region refers to a region having low affinity for the liquid contained in the sample.
- the damming region can be a hydrophobic region.
- the covering portion is provided on the microchip, the same effect can be obtained by making the corresponding position of the covering portion a lyophobic region.
- the degree of lyophobicity with respect to the solution in the lyophobic region can be controlled by the type of material constituting the lyophobic region, the shape of the lyophobic portion in the lyophobic region, and the like.
- the liquid sample that has passed through the filter in the first channel can move by capillary action. This allows the liquid introduced into the flow path to flow automatically into the first flow path.
- the first flow path may further include an inflow stop portion provided downstream of the filter to stop the flow of the liquid into the first flow path.
- the inflow stop portion can be realized by a valve that closes a silicone tube connected to an end of the first flow path, and a predetermined volume of liquid can be stored at the end of the first flow path. It can also be realized by forming an appropriate reservoir.
- the inflow stopping portion can stop the inflow of the liquid into the first flow path when a predetermined amount of the liquid flows into the first flow path. Wear.
- the microchip of the present invention may further include an external force applying means for applying an external force to the liquid sample flowing through the flow path, wherein the external force applying means stops the flow of the liquid into the first flow path by the inflow stop. Then, an external force can be applied to the sample such that the liquid sample flows into the second flow path beyond the hydrophobic region.
- the external force applying means may be a pressure applying means.
- a target component recovery section can be provided at the end of the second flow path.
- a step of stopping the flow of the liquid to the first flow path
- an external force higher than the external force in other steps can be applied.
- a solvent replacement method is provided, which comprises a step of introducing time and a step of stopping the flow of liquid into the first flow path.
- the specific component after filtering the specific component contained in the first solvent through the filter, the specific component can be washed with the second solvent, so that small molecules such as the first solvent and salts are small. Can be removed.
- specific components since specific components are concentrated on the filter, high-concentration samples can be collected.
- a step of stopping the flow of the liquid into the first flow path In the above, an external force higher than the external force in other steps can be applied.
- a flow path provided on a substrate and through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows, and a plurality of discharge paths provided along a side wall of the flow path include: A microchip is provided, wherein the microchip is configured to block the passage of a component.
- the discharge channel can be a cabillary configured to allow only low molecules such as solvents and salts to pass through.
- a flow path in which a filter is provided at a connection portion with the flow path can be used. With such a configuration, a specific component in the sample can be concentrated as the sample proceeds in the flow path. Further, there is provided a method for concentrating a specific component contained in a liquid sample using such a microchip.
- a channel provided on a plate, through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows, and a filter provided so as to block the flow of the channel and blocking passage of the specific component.
- a microchip is provided, wherein the path includes a sample introduction section and a sample recovery section provided on one side of the filter, and a solvent introduction section provided on the other side.
- the filter has a plurality of pores of a size that does not allow passage of a specific component.
- the filter can be, for example, a plurality of pillars arranged at intervals of about several tens nm to several hundred nm.
- the filter is made of aluminum oxide with a pore size of about several nm, aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass), a porous membrane obtained by sintering colloidal particles, and gelation of a polymer sol. It can also be composed of such a polymer gel film.
- the filter can be configured to block passage not only by the magnitude of the component but also by the charge of the component.
- a high-concentration sample can be taken out by concentrating a specific component on the surface of the filter and introducing a solvent from the other side of the flow path.
- the solvent when introducing a solvent from the other side of the flow channel, the solvent can be replaced by using a solvent different from the solvent contained in the first sample.
- the microchip of the present invention may further include a discharge unit provided on the other side of the filter at a position different from the solvent introduction unit and configured to discharge the liquid sample that has passed through the filter.
- the liquid sample that has passed through the filter at the discharge portion can move by capillary action.
- the solvent introduction section is provided with a damming region formed so as to prevent liquid from entering from the direction of the filter and to facilitate discharge of the liquid toward the filter. be able to.
- a damming area formed in the sample introduction portion to prevent liquid from entering in the direction of the filter and to facilitate discharge of the liquid in the direction of the filter. Can be provided.
- the blocking area may be a lyophobic area.
- the lyophobic region refers to a region having low affinity for the liquid contained in the sample.
- the damming region can be a hydrophobic region.
- the covering portion is provided on the microchip, the same effect can be obtained by making the corresponding position of the covering portion a lyophobic region.
- a method for concentrating a specific component contained in a liquid sample using any one of the above microchips wherein a step of introducing a liquid sample containing the specific component and a solvent into a sample introduction unit, A step of introducing a solvent or a solvent different from the solvent through a solvent introducing section to recover a specific component from a sample collecting section.
- the solvent replacement method of the present invention may further include a step of introducing any solvent from the sample introduction part between the step of introducing the liquid sample and the step of collecting. As a result, the specific component concentrated on the filter can be washed with the solvent.
- a method for substituting a solvent of a liquid sample containing a specific component using the microchip of the present invention comprising the steps of: And a step of introducing a second solvent different from the first solvent from the solvent introducing section to recover a specific component from the sample collecting section. Is done.
- the solvent replacement method of the present invention may further include a step of introducing a second solvent from a sample introduction part between the step of introducing a liquid sample and the step of collecting. As a result, the specific components concentrated on the filter can be washed with the solvent.
- a flow path provided on a substrate and including a first flow path through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows, and a second flow path formed in parallel with the first flow path And a filter interposed between the first flow path and the second flow path to block the passage of a specific component.
- the first flow path includes a liquid sample above the flow direction.
- a microchip is provided, in which a sample introduction part to be introduced is provided, and a replacement solvent introduction part is provided in the second flow path at a position corresponding to a lower part in the flow direction of the first flow path. Is done.
- the filter has a plurality of pores large enough to prevent passage of a specific component.
- the filter can be, for example, a plurality of pillars arranged at intervals of about several tens nm to several hundred nm.
- Yuichi Phil was able to gel aluminum oxide, sodium silicate aqueous solution (water glass) with a pore size of about several nanometers, a porous film obtained by sintering colloidal particles, and a polymer sol. It can also be constituted by the polymer gel film obtained.
- the filter so as to be interposed between the flow paths provided in parallel, the area of the filter can be increased, and clogging of the filter can be prevented. Furthermore, the separation flow rate can be increased. Since the specific component in the sample is washed with the second solvent while the specific component in the sample proceeds through the first flow path, it is necessary to remove impurities such as the first medium and salts attached to the specific component. Can be. Further, with such a configuration, continuous processing can be performed.
- the first channel and the second channel are different.
- An external force applying means for applying an external force in the direction may be further included.
- the external force applying means can apply an external force to the first flow path larger than that of the second flow path.
- the specific component in the sample flowing through the first flow path is concentrated as it progresses through the first flow path, so that the solvent of the sample can be replaced and the concentration can be performed.
- the target component can be obtained at a high concentration, and the subsequent analysis or the like may be performed with high accuracy.
- the method includes: a channel provided on a substrate, through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows, and an electrode provided in the channel, wherein the electrode is charged to a polarity different from that of the specific component.
- a microchip is provided.
- the specific component is a protein or the like
- the protein is negatively charged, so that the electrode can be positively charged.
- the electrode can be composed of a plurality of pillars. As a result, a large surface area can be obtained, and many components can be collected. Further, in this case, it is preferable that the plurality of electrodes have shapes that do not exert an electrical action on each other. When a plurality of electrodes are provided, each electrode can be formed so as to be individually controllable.
- the solvent of a liquid sample is replaced by using a separation device including a first flow path, a second flow path through which a liquid sample containing a specific component flows, and a filter interposed between these flow paths. Moving a liquid sample containing a specific component and a first solvent in a first direction in a first flow path; and And moving the liquid sample in a direction different from the direction at the same time, so that the ratio of the second solvent to the first solvent becomes higher as the liquid sample moves in the first flow path.
- Solvent replacement method Provided.
- an external force for moving a liquid sample containing the specific component and the first solvent in the first channel in the first direction is applied to the second solvent in the second channel.
- the specific component can be concentrated downstream of the first flow path.
- a method for replacing a solvent of a liquid sample containing a specific component using a flow path provided with an electrode, wherein the electrode is charged to a polarity opposite to that of the specific component and the first component is charged with a polarity opposite to that of the specific component. Flowing the liquid sample containing the solvent through the flow path, flowing the second solvent through the flow path while maintaining the charged state of the electrode, releasing the charge of the electrode, and removing the specific component together with the second solvent. And a recovering step.
- the electrode in the recovery step, can be charged to the same polarity as the specific component.
- microchip having the functions of concentrating a specific component and replacing a solvent has been described.
- This microchip further includes, for example, sample purification, separation, pretreatment (excluding concentration and solvent replacement), And a drying function, so that it can be used as it is in a mass spectrometer.
- a separation means for separating a biological sample according to a molecular size or a property, a pretreatment means for performing a pretreatment including an enzyme digestion treatment on the sample separated by the separation means,
- a mass spectrometry system comprising: a drying unit for drying the sample that has been dried; and a mass spectrometry unit for performing mass spectrometry on the sample after drying, wherein the pretreatment unit includes the microchip according to any one of the above.
- the biological sample may be extracted from a living body or synthesized.
- a biological sample is separated according to its molecular size or properties, and the sample is subjected to a pretreatment means for performing a pretreatment for performing an enzyme digestion treatment; Means for performing an enzyme digestion treatment on the sample A drying means for drying the sample subjected to the elementary digestion treatment; and a mass spectrometric means for performing mass spectrometry on the dried sample, wherein the pretreatment means includes the microchip described in any of the above.
- a mass spectrometry system is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a part of a concentration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a part of the concentration device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hydrophobic region according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the concentrator.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a solvent replacement device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a solvent replacement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a solvent replacement device according to an embodiment of the present invention ( FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the solvent replacement device illustrated in FIG. 7).
- FIG. 9 is a process cross-sectional view illustrating the method for manufacturing the solvent replacement device in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the electrode.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the electrode.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a microchip formed on a substrate.
- FIG. 13 is a process diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a concentration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a concentration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a concentrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the mass spectrometer.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a mass spectrometry system including a separation device or a solvent replacement device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example in which a polymer gel film is used as a filter.
- FIG. 19 is a process chart showing a method for producing a filter.
- FIG. 20 is a process chart showing a method for producing a filter.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a filter manufactured by the manufacturing method shown in FIGS. 19 and 20.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram in which the solvent replacement device according to the present invention is configured as a microchip.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the structure of the joint.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating another example of the joint.
- FIG. 25 is a detailed view of one filter of the solvent replacement device configured as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 26 is a top view showing an example of the hydrophobic region shown in FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of the lute discharge channel shown in FIG.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of the concentration device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing another example of the electrode.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a chip of an example.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the columnar body of the example.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing the configuration of the chip of the example.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a state in which water is introduced into the concentration and replacement device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a state in which DNA is deposited in the enrichment section of the example.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a state in which DNA flows into the sample collection section of the embodiment.
- the above pretreatment is performed, and the solvent is replaced for the next processing.
- the sample to be concentrated or replaced with a solvent is a sample in which a predetermined component is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent (carrier).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a part of the concentration device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the concentrator 100 has a sample introduction channel 300, a liquid drainage channel 302, a sample recovery section 310, and a sample introduction channel 300.
- a filter 304 provided between the sample fluid passage 300 and the fluid drainage channel 302, and a hydrophobic region 310 provided between the sample introduction channel 300 and the sample collection section 310.
- the filter 304 is provided with pores large enough to block the passage of a specific component.
- the size of the pores of the filter 304 is appropriately set according to the type of the characteristic component to be concentrated.
- the filter 304 may be made of aluminum oxide, sodium silicate aqueous solution (water glass), a porous film obtained by sintering colloid particles, a polymer gel film obtained by gelling a polymer sol, or a number of It can be constituted by a columnar body or the like. These manufacturing methods will be described later.
- the hydrophobic region 300 inhibits the liquid from entering the sample collection section 308, and the solvent introduced into the sample introduction channel 300 flows into the sample collection section 308. Can be prevented.
- the hydrophobic region 306 can be formed by subjecting the surface of the hydrophilic channel 112 to a hydrophobic treatment.
- the hydrophobic treatment is performed by using a silane coupling agent or a silane compound such as silazane (hexamethylsilazane, etc.) on the surface of the flow channel 112 by a spin coating method, a spray method, a dipping method, a gas phase method, or the like.
- a method of forming a hydrophobic film can be used.
- the silane coupling agent for example, one having a hydrophobic group such as a thiol group can be used.
- the hydrophobic treatment can be performed using a printing technique such as a stamp or an ink jet.
- a PDMS (polymethyl thylsiloxane) resin is used.
- the PDSMS resin is converted into a resin by polymerizing silicone oil, but after the resination, the molecular gap is still filled with the silicone oil. Therefore, when the PDS resin is brought into contact with the surface of the flow channel 112, the contacted portion becomes strongly hydrophobic and repels water.
- a block of the PDS resin having a concave portion formed at a position corresponding to the hydrophobic region 303 is brought into contact as a stamp, whereby the hydrophobic region 306 is formed.
- a hydrophobic region 306 is formed by using silicone oil as an ink for ink jet printing. Since the fluid cannot pass through the area subjected to the hydrophobic treatment, the flow of the sample is hindered.
- FIG. 26 is a top view showing an example of the hydrophobic region 310.
- a plurality of hydrophobic portions 306a are regularly arranged at substantially equal intervals.
- regions other than the hydrophobic region 306a are hydrophilic. This makes it easier to move the solvent from the sample introduction channel 300 than to make the entire hydrophobic region 303 hydrophobic.
- the degree of hydrophobicity increases as the distance between the hydrophobic portions 303a increases. As described above, by appropriately designing the shape of the hydrophobic portion of the hydrophobic region 306, the hydrophobic region The damming function of 310 can be controlled appropriately.
- the concentration device 100 in the present embodiment is a microchip formed on a substrate 101 as shown in FIG. FIG. 12 (a) is a top view showing a part of the substrate 101, and FIG. 12 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 12 (a).
- a fluid switch 348 including a priming inlet 344 is provided on the side of the hydrophobic region 306.
- the hydrophobic region 303 is provided between the sample introduction flow path 300 and the sample collection section 308, the sample does not flow out to the sample collection section 308.
- priming water flows from 44, this becomes a fluid switch, and the sample can be flowed from the sample introduction channel 300 to the sample recovery section 308.
- water is externally introduced into the priming inlet 344, and the priming inlet 344 is formed to have a predetermined capacity.
- the water flows out of the priming inlet 344 into the hydrophobic region 306 after a certain period of time.
- the sample contained in the solvent A is filtered by the filter 304, washed with the solvent B, and then the hydrophobic region 310 is formed. It can be set so as to flow over to the sample collection section 2008.
- the liquid drainage channel 302 is formed so that the liquid moves by capillary action.
- a covering member 350 is disposed on the substrate 101.
- the hydrophobic region 310 may be provided on the surface of the flow channel 112 on the substrate 101, but the same effect can be obtained by performing the hydrophobic treatment on the covering member 350. Can be obtained.
- hydrophobic treatment can be performed on a position corresponding to the hydrophobic region 306 of the covering member 350.
- a sample containing the component 310 and the solvent A is introduced into the concentrator 100 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 1 (b).
- the component 310 introduced here is, for example, a protein.
- the concentrator 100 in the present embodiment is used for, for example, pretreatment of MALD I-TOFMS measurement. Can be used.
- a sample in which a treatment for cleaving an intramolecular disulfide bond in a solvent such as acetonitrile or a treatment for reducing the molecular weight of a protein in a buffer is introduced into the concentrator 100.
- the solvent A is, for example, a solution containing an organic solvent such as acetonitrile and a salt such as a phosphate buffer.
- the solvent A containing the component 310 When the solvent A containing the component 310 is introduced into the sample introduction channel 300, the solvent A passes through the filter 304 and flows out to the lupus discharge channel 302 by capillary action, and the component 3 10 is deposited on the filter 304 surface. At this time, the sample is introduced into the sample introduction flow path 300 by applying pressure using, for example, a pump, but the solvent A does not enter the sample collection section 3 08 beyond the hydrophobic region 3 06 A degree of pressure is applied.
- the solvent B is introduced into the sample introduction channel 300, and the solvent A attached to the component 310 is sufficiently washed away.
- the solvent B can be, for example, a buffer solution or distilled water when the solvent A is acetonitrile, or distilled water when the solvent A is a buffer solution. This makes it possible to remove the solvent A attached to the component 310 and also remove impurities such as salts contained in the sample.
- the liquid is discharged by the inflow stop 3 1 2 provided at the end of the liquid discharge flow path 302 that is far from the filter 304.
- the flow of the liquid into the flow path 302 is stopped.
- Various valves can be used as the inflow stop part 312.
- a silicone tube or the like is connected to the end of the lubricating liquid discharge flow path 302, and the silicone tube is connected with, for example, an electromagnetic valve or the like. This can be achieved by closing.
- this can also be realized by providing a reservoir 360 of a predetermined capacity at the end of the lupus discharge channel 302.
- Amount of solvent A in sample to be introduced into sample introduction channel 300 and solvent B required to wash components 310 Can be detected in advance, and the reservoir 360 can be formed so as to be able to accommodate that amount. As a result, when the reservoir 360 is filled with the solvent, the flow of the liquid into the fluid discharge channel 302 is stopped.
- the pressure applied to the sample inlet channel 300 is increased and / or the fluid switch shown in Fig. 12 (a) is increased.
- the component 310 concentrated on the surface of the filter 310 can be taken out together with the solvent B from the sample collecting section 308.
- the specific component can be concentrated to a high concentration by using the filter that blocks the passage of the specific component.
- a protein molecule can be mixed with a substrate for MALD I-TOFMS at a relatively high concentration.
- desalting can also be performed. This can improve the accuracy when performing MALD I-TOFMS measurement.
- specific components can be recovered in a state where impurities are removed at a high concentration, so that samples suitable for not only MALD I-TOFMS measurement but also various reactions can be obtained. be able to.
- the concentrator 100 in the present embodiment is not limited to only performing the solvent replacement, and may be used only for concentrating specific components. It can also be used.
- the shape of the columnar body includes various shapes such as a cylinder, an elliptical column, and the like, a pseudo-cylindrical shape; a cone such as a cone, an elliptic cone, and a triangular pyramid;
- the formation of the flow channel 112 and the filter 304 on the substrate 101 can be performed by etching the substrate 101 into a predetermined pattern, but there is no particular limitation on the manufacturing method.
- the center is a top view
- the left and right figures are cross-sectional views.
- the columnar body 105 is formed by using an electron beam lithography technique using calixarene as a resist for fine processing.
- calixarene as a resist for fine processing.
- An example of the molecular structure of calixarene is shown below.
- Calixarene is used as a resist for electron beam exposure, and can be suitably used as a resist for nanofabrication.
- a silicon substrate having a plane orientation of (100) is used as the substrate 101.
- a silicon oxide film 185 and a calixarene electron beam negative resist 183 are formed on a substrate 101 in this order.
- the thicknesses of the silicon oxide film 185 and the calixarene electron beam negative resist 183 are 40 nm and 55 nm, respectively.
- an area to be the columnar body 105 is exposed using an electron beam (EB).
- EB electron beam
- the development is performed using xylene, and rinsed with isopropyl alcohol.
- FIG. 13 (b) the lithographic squalene electron beam negative resist 183 is patterned.
- a positive photoresist 155 is applied to the entire surface (FIG. 13C).
- the film thickness is 1.8 im.
- mask exposure is performed so that the area to be the flow path 112 is exposed, and development is performed (FIG. 14 (a)).
- the silicon oxide film 185 is etched by RIE using a mixed gas of CF 4 and CHF 3 .
- a mixed gas of CF 4 and CHF 3 a mixed gas of CF 4 and CHF 3 .
- an oxidizing plasma treatment is performed (Fig. 14 (c)).
- the step (or column height) of the silicon substrate after etching is set to 40 O nm (Fig. 15 (a)).
- the silicon oxide film is removed by performing a wet etching with BHF buffered hydrofluoric acid (Fig. 15 (b)). As described above, the flow path (not shown) and the columnar body 105 are formed on the substrate 101.
- the sample liquid is smoothly introduced into the flow channel 112 and the columnar body 105.
- the filter 304 FIG. 1 in which the flow path is miniaturized by the columnar body 105, the introduction of the sample liquid by capillary action is promoted by making the surface of the flow path hydrophilic, and the concentration of components is efficiently performed. Can do well.
- the substrate 101 is placed in a furnace to form a silicon thermal oxide film 187 (FIG. 15 (c)).
- heat treatment conditions are selected so that the thickness of the oxide film becomes 3 O nm.
- electrostatic bonding is performed with the coating 189 and sealing is performed to complete the concentrator (Fig. 15 (d)).
- a known material suitable for the type of the substrate 101 such as press molding using a mold such as etching or emboss molding, injection molding, or photo-curing, is used. Can be done in a way.
- the surface of the substrate 101 hydrophilic.
- the sample liquid is smoothly introduced into the flow channel 112 and the columnar body 105.
- introduction of the sample liquid by capillary action is promoted by making the surface hydrophilic, and concentration can be performed efficiently.
- a coupling agent having a hydrophilic group can be applied to the side wall of the flow channel 112.
- the coupling agent having a hydrophilic group include a silane coupling agent having an amino group.
- Examples thereof include aminopropyltriethoxysilane, phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and N-phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- These coupling agents can be applied by a spin coating method, a spray method, a dipping method, a gas phase method or the like.
- an adhesion preventing treatment can be performed on the flow paths 1 and 12.
- the anti-adhesion treatment for example, a substance having a structure similar to the phospholipid constituting the cell wall can be applied to the side wall of the flow channel 112.
- the hydrophilic treatment and the adhesion preventing treatment for example, Lipidure (registered trademark, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) can be used.
- Lipidure (registered trademark) is dissolved in a buffer solution such as a TBE buffer to a concentration of 0.5 wt%, and the solution is filled in the flow channel 112 and left for several minutes to leave the flow channel 1 12 inner walls can be treated. Thereafter, the solution is blown off with an air gun or the like to dry the flow paths 112.
- a fluorine resin can be applied to the side wall of the flow channel 112.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a part of the concentration device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the concentrator 100 can be a microchip.
- the flow path 112 is a sample introduction flow path 300, a solvent introduction flow path 303, a filter 304, and a sample introduction flow path. It has a section 3 13, a sample recovery section 3 14, a lubricating fluid discharge section 3 16, and a solvent introduction section 3 18.
- a hydrophobic region 307 is provided between the sample introduction section 3 13 and the sample introduction flow path 300, and a hydrophobic area is provided between the solvent introduction section 3 18 and the solvent introduction flow path 303.
- a hydrophobic region 303 is provided.
- the same components as those of the concentrator 100 in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrophobic region 306 and the hydrophobic region 307 in the present embodiment.
- the hydrophobic region 303 is formed so as to be tapered and wide in a direction from the solvent introduction section 318 to the solvent introduction channel 303.
- the liquid easily enters from the solvent introduction section 3 18 in the direction of the solvent introduction channel 3 03, but hardly enters the direction from the solvent introduction path 3 0 3 in the direction of the solvent introduction section 3 18. can do.
- the hydrophobic region 307 is also formed so as to widen in a tapered shape in the direction from the sample introduction part 313 to the sample introduction flow path 300.
- the liquid easily enters from the sample introduction section 3 13 in the direction of the sample introduction flow path 300, but does not easily enter the direction of the sample introduction flow path 300 in the direction of the solvent introduction section 3 13. can do.
- the materials of the hydrophobic regions 306 and the hydrophobic regions 307 and the shape of the hydrophobic portion are appropriately selected.
- the fluid switch 3106 and the hydrophobic region 307 are connected to the fluid switch 3 as in the first embodiment. It is also possible to adopt a configuration provided with 48.
- sample introduction section 3 13, the sample collection section 3 14, the solvent introduction section 3 18, and the liquid discharge section 3 16 must be connected to the outside via a silicone tube syringe or the like.
- the inflow and outflow of the sample and the inflow and outflow of the solvent can be controlled by an external pump or a solenoid valve.
- a sample is introduced from the sample introduction section 313.
- the sample is the component 310 contained in the solvent A, as described in the first embodiment.
- the solvent A passes through the filter 304 and flows out to the solvent introduction channel 303.
- the hydrophobic area 306 is provided at the entrance of the solvent introduction section 3 18, the solvent A is discharged from the liquid discharge section 3 16 without entering the solvent introduction section 3 18.
- the component 310 in the sample is deposited on the surface of the filter 304 and concentrated on the surface of the filter 304.
- the solvent B for substitution is introduced from the solvent introduction section 318, the solvent B passes through the filter 304.
- the component 310 accumulated on the surface of the filter 304 flows out of the sample collecting section 314 together with the solvent B.
- the solvent of component 310 can be replaced, and component 310 can be concentrated and recovered.
- the hydrophobic regions 306 are provided at the entrances of the solvent introduction portions 318, respectively.
- the solvent A is introduced during the introduction.
- a configuration may be adopted in which air pressure is applied to the solvent introduction section 318 so that the solvent A does not flow.
- air pressure may be applied to the sample introduction section 313 so that the solvent B does not flow into the sample introduction section 313.
- the solvent B was introduced from the sample introduction section 313 to obtain the component 310.
- Compounds such as solvent A and other salts attached to the surface can also be washed away.
- the concentrator 100 in the present embodiment is not limited to the case where the solvent is replaced, but is used only for the concentration of a specific component. It can also be used.
- concentration of a specific component and solvent replacement can be performed with a simple structure.
- a high-concentration sample can be used in the subsequent processing such as the MALDI-TOFMS measurement, so that an accurate inspection and an efficient reaction can be performed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the concentrator 100 described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
- the sample introduction channel 300 may have a configuration in which a plurality of liquid drainage channels 302 are formed on a side wall portion.
- a filter 304 is provided at the inlet of the lute discharge channel 302, and the sample introduction channel is provided. Only the solvent of the sample introduced into 300 flows out to the lupus discharge channel 302. Therefore, in the process of passing the sample through the sample introduction channel 300, the sample is gradually concentrated, and a high-concentration sample can be finally recovered.
- the sample introduction channel 300 may have a configuration in which a plurality of cavities 341 are formed on a side wall portion.
- the sample introduction channel 300 may have a configuration in which a plurality of cavities 341 are formed on a side wall portion.
- the solvent of the sample introduced into the sample introduction channel 300 is discharged through the capillary 341.
- the sample is gradually concentrated in the process of passing the sample through the sample introduction channel 300, and a high-concentration sample can be finally recovered.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a solvent replacement device 130 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the solvent replacement device 130 can be a microchip.
- the flow path 112 is provided with a filter 134 along the flow direction, whereby the first solvent flow path 32 0 and a second solvent flow path 3 2 2.
- Fillers 3 2 4 are provided with pores large enough to block the passage of specific components.
- the filter 324 includes a porous film obtained by sintering aluminum oxide, an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass) and colloid particles, a polymer gel film obtained by gelling a polymer sol, Alternatively, it can be constituted by a large number of pillars or the like. The large number of pillars can be formed in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15 in the first embodiment.
- the sample containing the solvent A and the specific component is introduced into the first solvent flow path 320 of the solvent replacement apparatus 130 configured as described above, and at the same time, the sample is introduced into the second solvent flow path 322. Of solvent B is introduced. At this time, the sample and the solvent B are introduced from the opposite ends of the flow paths 112 so as to flow in opposite directions.
- the solvent replacement device 130 further includes an external force applying means for applying an external force to the sample introduced into the first solvent flow path 320 and the second solvent flow path 322.
- An external force applying means for applying an external force to the sample introduced into the first solvent flow path 320 and the second solvent flow path 322.
- a pump can be used as the external force applying means, and the external force applying means can be independently provided in the first solvent flow path 320 and the second solvent flow path 322.
- the flow of the sample in each flow path can be a counter flow, and the external force applied to the sample can be made different.
- the diffusion ratio of solvent A and solvent B causes the abundance ratio of solvent A and solvent B in flow channel 112 to be closer to the sample introduction position on the upper side of the figure as shown in Fig. 5 (a).
- the abundance ratio of solvent A is overwhelmingly high, and the abundance ratio of solvent B is overwhelmingly high at the substitution solvent introduction position in the lower part of the figure.
- the concentration of the solvent B in the first solvent flow path 320 increases.
- a filter 3 2 4 is provided, so that the component 3 10 does not pass through the filter 3 2 4, and flows downward in the first solvent flow path 3 2 0 in the figure. Go to As a result, the component 310 gradually becomes surrounded by the solvent B, and the solvent can be replaced.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of the solvent replacement device 130 in the present embodiment.
- a sample introduction part 326 is provided on the upper side in the figure, and a sample recovery part 328 is provided on the lower side in the figure.
- the second solvent flow path 32 2 is provided with a solvent discharge section 33 32 on the upper side in the figure, and a replacement solvent introduction section 330 on the lower side in the figure.
- the component 3 Since the abundance ratio of the solvent B in the first solvent flow path 320 gradually increases while 10 advances in the first solvent flow path 320 and reaches the sample collection section 328, the sample In the recovery section 328, the component 310 can be recovered in a state of being contained in the solvent B.
- the configuration can be simplified, and the solvent can be replaced and the specific component can be concentrated.
- the filter 132 is formed along the flow direction of the flow channel 112, it has an advantage that components in the sample are less likely to be clogged.
- the solvent in the sample is displaced in the process of moving through the first solvent flow path 320, the component can be washed with the solvent after exchange, and desalting can be performed. .
- a polymer gel film 325 is used as the filter 324 in the present embodiment.
- the flow path 1 12 of the solvent replacement device 1 30 is divided into the first solvent flow path 3 20 and the second solvent flow path 3 2 2 by the partition walls 1 65 a and 1 65 b. Are separated.
- a polymer gel film 325 is provided between the partition walls 165a and the partition walls 165b.
- the polymer gel membrane 325 has a large number of pores of 1 nm in size. With current nanomachining technology, it is difficult to provide holes of l nm size. Therefore, in the solvent replacement device 130 of the present embodiment, the pores of the polymer gel membrane 325 are communicated with the first solvent flow channel 320 and the second solvent flow channel 322. This filter is used as a filter 3 2 4.
- the filter 134 configured in this way, only the substance having a size of 1 nm or less contained in the sample can pass through the polymer gel membrane 3 25, so that components larger than 1 nm can be filtered. It can be prevented from flowing through the second solvent flow path 32 through the second solvent flow path 32.
- the polymer gel membrane 325 can be prepared as follows. A polymer sol having a predetermined concentration is poured between the partition walls 165a and 165b. At this time, the space between the partition wall 165a and the partition wall 165b is not covered with a coating or the like, and the other area is covered with a hydrophobic coating. By doing so, the polymer sol does not overflow into the second solvent channel 320 or the second solvent channel 322 and stays in the second solvent channel 322. When left in this state, the polymer sol gels to form a polymer gel film 325. Examples of the polymer gel include polyacrylamide, methylcellulose, agarose and the like.
- the separation device of the present embodiment also enables concentration of an extremely small protein, for example, about 1 nm. In addition, even if it becomes possible to provide smaller-sized holes due to nano-processing technology, even smaller-sized holes can be used as a filter by using the polymer gel film 325. You.
- porous material other than the polymer gel film 325 a porous film obtained by sintering an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (water glass), for example, aluminum hydroxide sol, iron hydroxide colloid sol, etc.
- a porous film obtained by sintering colloid particles may be employed.
- a filter containing pores on the order of nanometers can be set up by the following method. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a flow channel 112 is formed on an insulating substrate 101 made of glass or quartz.
- the aluminum is formed as shown in FIG. 19 (c). Is deposited by a vapor deposition method or the like to form a filter 324 and an aluminum layer 352 having a thickness of several micrometers.
- the substrate 1101 provided with the aluminum filter 1324 in the flow path 112 Is obtained.
- the height of the filter 324 is the same as the depth of the flow path 112.
- an electrolyte solution 354 such as sulfuric acid is introduced into one of the flow paths, and the electrodes are disposed at the ends of the flow path so as to be immersed in the electrolyte solution.
- Anodization is performed by applying a voltage with the electrode 353 as a positive electrode and the electrode provided at the end of the flow path as a negative electrode. Oxidation is performed until the current stops.
- a filter 324d made of aluminum oxide is obtained.
- hydrochloric acid was introduced into the other flow path, and the aluminum remaining without being oxidized was removed. Dissolve and remove.
- the coating 180 is attached to the substrate 101 to obtain a separation device.
- FIG. 21 shows an enlarged view of the filter 32 4 d made of aluminum oxide in FIG. 20 (g).
- this partition is an aluminum oxide film in which test tube concave portions 355 are regularly formed. Since this aluminum oxide film has a lattice of gaps on the order of 0.1 nm, it can pass only ions. As a result, even very small proteins can be concentrated.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram in which the solvent replacement device 130 according to the present invention is configured as a microchip. A first solvent flow path 320 and a second solvent flow path 322 are formed on a substrate 101, and a filter 324 is interposed therebetween.
- a large number of pores are formed in the filter 324 at predetermined intervals.
- joints 168a to 168d having the shape shown in FIG. 23 are arranged. (Not shown) is connected.
- a pump is used as the external force applying means, and the solvent and the components in the solvent are caused to flow by pressure.
- other external force applying means can of course be used.
- a method of applying a voltage to the flow path may be adopted.
- the joint has a structure as shown in FIG. 24, for example.
- FIG. 25 shows a detailed view of the filter 324 of the solvent replacement device 130 configured as shown in FIG.
- the first solvent flow path 32 0 A flow path for two solvents 322 is formed, and a filter 324 is formed between them.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a solvent replacement device 130 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This technique can be used effectively when the specific component to be concentrated is charged. Also in the present embodiment, the solvent replacement device 130 can be a microchip.
- An electrode 334 is provided in the flow path 112.
- the electrode 334 is charged to a charge opposite to that of the specific component 336 to be concentrated.
- these molecules are generally negatively charged. Therefore, in this case, the electrode 334 is positively charged, and the sample is caused to flow through the flow path 112 in this state.
- the component 3336 in the sample adheres to the surface of the electrode 3334, and the solvent A flows through the channel 1 12 ( thereby, the electrode 3
- the component 33 can be concentrated on the surface of the electrode 34 near the electrode 34.
- the solvent B is supplied.
- the electrode 334 is kept positively charged, the component 336 remains attached to the electrode 334 surface and the solvent A or other Only unnecessary components can be washed away.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the solvent replacement device 130 shown in FIG. Wiring 338 provided on the back surface of the substrate 101 is connected to the electrode 334, whereby a voltage can be applied. Further, the solvent replacement device 130 is provided with a coating member 340.
- the electrode 334 is manufactured, for example, as follows.
- Can be FIG. 9 is a process cross-sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing solvent replacement device 130 in the present embodiment.
- a mold 173 including the electrode mounting part is prepared (Fig. 9 (a)).
- the electrode 334 is set on the mold 1 73 (FIG. 9B).
- As a material of the electrode 334 for example, Au, Pt, Ag, A1, Cu or the like can be used.
- the mold for coating 1779 is set on the mold 1773, the electrode 334 is fixed, and the resin 1770 to be the substrate 101 is injected into the mold 1773 and molded.
- the resin 177 for example, PMMA can be used.
- a substrate 101 on which the flow path 112 is formed is obtained (FIG. d))
- the impurities on the surface of the t- electrode 334 are removed by asking to expose the electrode 334 on the back surface of the substrate 101.
- a wiring 338 is formed by evaporating a metal film on the back surface of the substrate 101 (FIG. 9 (e)).
- the electrode 334 can be provided in the flow channel 112.
- the electrodes or wires 338 formed in this manner are connected to an external power supply (not shown) so that a voltage can be applied.
- the electrode 334 can be provided in a flow path as shown in FIG. 28, as described in the second embodiment. As a result, mixing of various solvents and other components can be prevented, and accurate concentration and solvent replacement can be performed.
- the electrode 334 provided in the flow channel 112 may have a configuration including a plurality of pillars as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 (a) is a perspective view of the flow path 112, and FIGS. 10 (b) and 10 (c) are cross-sectional views thereof. Also in this case, the electrodes 334 can be formed in the same manner as described above. By configuring the electrode 334 with a plurality of columnar bodies, a large surface area can be obtained, whereby many components 336 can be attached to the surface of the electrode 334. As shown in FIGS.
- wirings 342a to 342d are connected to the electrodes 334a to 334d, respectively, whereby a plurality of electrodes 334a to 342d are connected. a to 334 d are independently controlled.
- the electrodes 334 a to 334 d are charged to the polarity opposite to that of the component 336 to attach many components 336 to the surfaces of the electrodes 334 a to 334 d.
- FIG. 10 (c) for example, only the electrode 334b is charged to a polarity opposite to that of the component 310, and the other electrode 334a, the electrode 334c, and the electrode 334d are charged. Is charged to the same polarity as the component 3130, the component 3130 attached to each of the electrodes 334a to 334d is all collected on the electrode 334b. It can be concentrated to a concentration.
- the electrode 334 provided in the flow channel 112 may have a configuration including a plurality of projections having a gentle mountain shape as shown in FIG. FIG. 11 (a) is a perspective view of the flow path 112, and FIG. 11 (b) is a top view thereof.
- Such a shape is preferable because the interaction between adjacent electrodes can be reduced and the component 336 can be efficiently collected at each electrode.
- the electrode 334 can be provided as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 29 (a), a plurality of electrode plates 3 3 3 provided with gaps 3 3 3 a sufficient to allow the sample to pass be able to.
- the electrode plates 333 are arranged such that the interval D is wider than the width W of the flow channel 112, and more preferably, is twice or more the width of the flow channel 112. In this way, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon that the sample cannot enter between the electrode plates 333 due to the line of electric force between the electrodes 334.
- the gap 3333a provided in the electrode plate 3333 is formed to have a size that allows a sample to sufficiently pass therethrough. Further, as shown in FIG.
- a configuration in which a counter electrode 335 of the electrode 334 is provided between the electrodes 334 which are charged in the opposite polarity to the charge of the sample may be adopted.
- the sample advances toward any one of the electrodes 334 on both sides of the counter electrode 335, so that the amount of the sample attached to the electrode 334 can be increased.
- the solvent can be replaced in a state where the specific component is attached to the surface of the electrode 334 and concentrated.
- the specific component can be washed with a replacement solvent with the specific component adhered to the electrode 334. Salt treatment can also be performed.
- the concentrating apparatus and the solvent replacing apparatus described in the above embodiments can be used for performing a pretreatment for performing MALD I_TO FMS measurement.
- a pretreatment for performing MALD I_TO FMS measurement for performing MALD I_TO FMS measurement.
- an example of preparing and measuring a protein MALD I-TOFMS sample will be described.
- the protein In order to obtain detailed information on the protein to be measured by MALDI—T ⁇ FMS measurement, the protein must be reduced in molecular weight to about 100,000 Da.
- the reduction reaction is performed in a solvent such as acetonitrile containing a reducing reagent such as D ⁇ (dithiothreitol). By doing so, the next decomposition reaction proceeds efficiently. After the reduction, it is preferable to protect the thiol group by alkylation or the like to suppress re-oxidation.
- the microchip according to the present embodiment can be used to replace a solvent such as acetonitrile with a phosphate buffer or distilled water after performing such a reaction.
- the protein molecules that have been subjected to the reduction treatment using a protein hydrolase such as trypsin are subjected to a molecular weight reduction treatment. Since the molecular weight reduction is performed in a buffer solution such as a phosphate buffer, treatment such as trypsin removal and desalting is performed after the reaction. After that, the protein molecules are mixed with a substrate for MALD I-TOFMS and dried.
- the substrate for MALD I-TO FMS is appropriately selected depending on the substance to be measured.
- examples thereof include sinapinic acid, ⁇ -CHCA ( «-cyano 4-hydroxycinnamic acid), and 2,5-DHB.
- the microchip in this embodiment can be formed on a substrate, and a separation device or the like is formed upstream of the substrate, and a drying device or the like is formed downstream of the substrate. It can be set as it is. This makes it possible to perform separation, pretreatment, drying, and structural analysis of the target specific component on a single substrate.
- the dried sample is set on the MALD I-TOFMS instrument, and a voltage is applied, for example, by irradiating with a laser beam of 337 nm nitrogen, and MALD I-TOFMS analysis is performed.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the mass spectrometer.
- the dried sample is placed on the sample stage. Then, the dried sample is irradiated with a nitrogen gas laser having a wavelength of 337 nm in a vacuum. The dried sample then evaporates with the matrix.
- the sample stage is an electrode, and when a voltage is applied, the vaporized sample flies in a vacuum and is detected by the detection unit including the reflector, detector, and linear detector.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a mass spectrometry system including the concentration device or the solvent replacement device of the present embodiment.
- This system consists of a sample 1001, purification 1002 to remove some contaminants, separation 1003 to remove unnecessary components 1004, pretreatment of the separated sample 1005, A means for performing each step of drying the sample 1006 is provided. After these steps, identification 1007 is performed by mass analysis. Also, steps from purification 1002 to drying 106 can be performed on one microchip 10008.
- the microchip of the present embodiment corresponds to a means for executing a part of the steps of the preprocessing 105.
- the sample is continuously processed on one microchip chip 1008, so that even a trace component can be efficiently and reliably identified by a method with less loss. Can be performed.
- the filter 304 in the first embodiment and the filter 304 in the second embodiment is also made of aluminum oxide and sodium silicate by using the same manufacturing method as described in the third embodiment. It can be composed of a porous film obtained by sintering an aqueous solution (water glass) or colloidal particles, or a polymer gel film obtained by gelling a polymer sol. (Example)
- a concentration replacement device having the configuration shown in FIG. 30 was fabricated on chip 100 and evaluated.
- the flow channels 1 and 12 were configured to be covered with a glass lid.
- a filter 304 composed of a columnar body was provided between the sample introduction channel 300 and the lute discharge channel 302.
- a waste liquid passage 305 is provided in order to allow an excessive solution to escape.
- the sample recovery section 308 was subjected to a water-phobic treatment with silazane.
- the columnar body was manufactured using the processing method described in the first embodiment.
- the width of the sample introduction channel 300 and the waste liquid channel 300 is 40 ⁇
- the width of the fluid discharge channel 302 and the sample recovery part 310 is 80 pm
- the depth of the channel 112 The thickness was 400 nm.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a scanning electron microscopic image of the columnar body 105 formed as the filter 304.
- the strips with a width of 3 ⁇ are arranged at a pitch of 700 nm, and the gap between the rows is ⁇ ⁇ .
- FIG. 32 is a diagram (optical microscope image) showing the concentration and replacement device of this example.
- Figure 33 shows how water was introduced into the concentration and replacement unit using the capillary action of the flow channel and columnar body. Water does not flow through the sample collection section that has been subjected to the silazane treatment.
- the DNA described below was Concentration and solvent substitution were performed.
- FIG. 34 shows the state of flowing water containing DNA observed with a fluorescence microscope. No DNA flows in the sample collection section (flow path) 308 that has been subjected to the silazane treatment. In addition, since the gap between the columnar bodies is narrow, DNA is deposited on the filter 304, and the filter is gradually clogged, and it becomes difficult for water to flow to the lute discharge channel 302. For this reason, excess water containing DNA was led to the waste liquid flow path 305c. Thereafter, ethanol was introduced into the sample introduction flow path 300.
- Fig. 35 shows the appearance of DNA moving by the flow of ethanol through the flow channel 112, as observed using a fluorescence microscope.
- Ethanol flows through the silazane-treated sample collection section 308, and the flow path of the sample collection section 308 is wider than the waste liquid flow path 305, so the DNA that has been deposited and concentrated on the filter is collected preferentially.
- the liquid was guided to the section 308, and oozed at the sample recovery channel outlet.
- c sample was dried and the solvent was evaporated naturally, several microphone port liters matrix DN A exuding to the sample return outlets
- the solution was dropped and subjected to MALD I-TOFMS analysis. As a result, we were able to obtain the analysis results attributed to DNA.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a technique for concentrating a specific component in a sample and recovering the sample at a high concentration.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION the technique which replaces a solvent in the state which concentrated the specific component in the sample can be provided.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002507376A CA2507376A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-28 | Microchip as well as solvent displacing method, concentrating method and mass spectrometry system therewith |
US10/536,597 US20060070951A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-28 | Microchip, solvent displacement method using the microchip, concentrating method, and mass spectrometry system |
JP2004556858A JP4432778B2 (ja) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-28 | マイクロチップおよび質量分析システム |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002349256 | 2002-11-29 | ||
JP2002-349256 | 2002-11-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004050220A1 true WO2004050220A1 (ja) | 2004-06-17 |
Family
ID=32463026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/015256 WO2004050220A1 (ja) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-28 | マイクロチップ、ならびにこれを用いた溶媒置換方法、濃縮方法、および質量分析システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060070951A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4432778B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100372597C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2507376A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004050220A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005075975A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Nec Corporation | 制御構造、分離装置およびグラディエント形成装置ならびにそれらを用いるマイクロチップ |
JP2007175684A (ja) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Minoru Seki | 微粒子の濃縮・分級のための流路構造および方法 |
JP2009103635A (ja) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-14 | Univ Kansai | 高分子化合物の分析方法 |
JP2010038694A (ja) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-18 | Nec Corp | 電気泳動チップ |
JP2010071857A (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-04-02 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 血漿分離装置 |
WO2011105507A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-01 | 財団法人神奈川科学技術アカデミー | 細胞分析装置 |
WO2013069122A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 微粒子分離装置及び方法 |
JP2015130497A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2015-07-16 | ダウ コーニング コーポレーションDow Corning Corporation | ソフトリソグラフィーを使用するナノスケールの特徴形体の生成方法 |
US10376831B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2019-08-13 | Panasonic Corporation | Solvent separation method and solvent separation apparatus |
CN110650805A (zh) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-01-03 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 流路装置和微粒浓缩方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007298502A (ja) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-11-15 | Fujifilm Corp | 血球分離用フィルター |
CN104083930B (zh) * | 2014-07-04 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | 一种过滤芯片及其加工制作方法 |
CN107110760A (zh) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-08-29 | 水光科技私人有限公司 | 流体样本颗粒的一种浓缩方法与装置 |
CN107179412B (zh) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-10-19 | 北京毅新博创生物科技有限公司 | 用于飞行时间质谱检测蛋白和核酸的通用芯片的制备方法 |
US10969324B2 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2021-04-06 | Washington University | Synthesis, post-modification and separation of biologics using acoustically confined substrates |
CN109261361B (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-07 | 青岛大学 | 一种同轴型介电微米纳米粒子连续分离器 |
CN114130436A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-03-04 | 南京大学 | 用于样品在线预处理的微流控芯片及其制法和使用方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989006280A1 (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1989-07-13 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multiple stage affinity process for isolation of specific cells from a cell mixture |
JPH07330797A (ja) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 新規細胞接着活性ペプチド |
WO1996012540A1 (en) * | 1994-10-22 | 1996-05-02 | Central Research Laboratories Limited | Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids |
JPH11311616A (ja) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Shimadzu Corp | マイクロチップ電気泳動装置 |
JP2001281233A (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-10 | Inst Of Physical & Chemical Res | 水性分配用マイクロチップおよびそれを用いた水性分配方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5637469A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1997-06-10 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Methods and apparatus for the detection of an analyte utilizing mesoscale flow systems |
US5304487A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1994-04-19 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Fluid handling in mesoscale analytical devices |
KR100314996B1 (ko) * | 1994-11-10 | 2002-01-15 | 윌리암 제이. 버크 | 액체분배시스템 |
US6454945B1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 2002-09-24 | University Of Washington | Microfabricated devices and methods |
US5869004A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1999-02-09 | Caliper Technologies Corp. | Methods and apparatus for in situ concentration and/or dilution of materials in microfluidic systems |
-
2003
- 2003-11-28 JP JP2004556858A patent/JP4432778B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-28 CN CNB2003801046500A patent/CN100372597C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-28 CA CA002507376A patent/CA2507376A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-28 US US10/536,597 patent/US20060070951A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-28 WO PCT/JP2003/015256 patent/WO2004050220A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989006280A1 (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1989-07-13 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multiple stage affinity process for isolation of specific cells from a cell mixture |
JPH07330797A (ja) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 新規細胞接着活性ペプチド |
WO1996012540A1 (en) * | 1994-10-22 | 1996-05-02 | Central Research Laboratories Limited | Method and apparatus for diffusive transfer between immiscible fluids |
JPH11311616A (ja) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Shimadzu Corp | マイクロチップ電気泳動装置 |
JP2001281233A (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-10 | Inst Of Physical & Chemical Res | 水性分配用マイクロチップおよびそれを用いた水性分配方法 |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005075975A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Nec Corporation | 制御構造、分離装置およびグラディエント形成装置ならびにそれらを用いるマイクロチップ |
JP2007175684A (ja) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Minoru Seki | 微粒子の濃縮・分級のための流路構造および方法 |
JP2015130497A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2015-07-16 | ダウ コーニング コーポレーションDow Corning Corporation | ソフトリソグラフィーを使用するナノスケールの特徴形体の生成方法 |
JP2009103635A (ja) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-14 | Univ Kansai | 高分子化合物の分析方法 |
JP2010038694A (ja) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-18 | Nec Corp | 電気泳動チップ |
JP2010071857A (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-04-02 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 血漿分離装置 |
JP5807004B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2015-11-10 | 公益財団法人神奈川科学技術アカデミー | 細胞分析装置 |
US9023294B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2015-05-05 | Kanagawa Academy Of Science And Technology | Cell analyzer |
WO2011105507A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-01 | 財団法人神奈川科学技術アカデミー | 細胞分析装置 |
WO2013069122A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 微粒子分離装置及び方法 |
US10376831B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2019-08-13 | Panasonic Corporation | Solvent separation method and solvent separation apparatus |
CN110650805A (zh) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-01-03 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 流路装置和微粒浓缩方法 |
JPWO2018212043A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-04-09 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 流路デバイスおよび微粒子濃縮方法 |
US11524295B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2022-12-13 | Aipore Inc. | Channel device and method for concentrating fine particles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2004050220A1 (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
JP4432778B2 (ja) | 2010-03-17 |
CN1723075A (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
CA2507376A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
CN100372597C (zh) | 2008-03-05 |
US20060070951A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4074921B2 (ja) | 質量分析システムおよび分析方法 | |
US7842514B2 (en) | Particle manipulation unit, chip and detection device having the same, mounted thereon, and methods of separating, capturing and detecting proteins | |
JP4432778B2 (ja) | マイクロチップおよび質量分析システム | |
US9360403B2 (en) | Methods for fabricating electrokinetic concentration devices | |
JP5289452B2 (ja) | 動電学的な濃縮装置及びその使用方法 | |
EP1457251A1 (en) | Separating device, analysis system, separation method and method for manufacture of separating device | |
US20060065528A1 (en) | Nanostructured devices for separation and analysis | |
WO2004051231A1 (ja) | 分離装置および分離方法 | |
JP4900247B2 (ja) | マイクロチップおよびこれを用いた分析方法 | |
JP2006510903A (ja) | 流動流中を移動する荷電分子を捕捉するための方法および装置 | |
WO2005022169A1 (ja) | チップ | |
WO2004051228A1 (ja) | マイクロチップならびにこれを用いた送液方法、質量分析システム | |
KR20040032884A (ko) | 분리 장치 및 분리 장치의 제조 방법 | |
WO2004051234A1 (ja) | 試料乾燥装置およびこれを用いた質量分析装置、質量分析システム | |
WO2003044519A1 (fr) | Appareil de separation, procede de separation et procede de production d'un appareil de separation | |
JP2004184138A (ja) | 分離装置、分離方法、および質量分析システム | |
JP2016197077A (ja) | サンプル検出デバイス用のサンプル捕集装置、及び該サンプル捕集装置を含むサンプル検出デバイス | |
JP4492212B2 (ja) | 等電点電気泳動チップ及び装置 | |
KR20080113911A (ko) | 단백질 시료의 미세전기탈염장치, 이를 포함하는 랩온어칩및 이들의 적용 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CA CN JP US |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004556858 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2507376 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2006070951 Country of ref document: US Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10536597 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20038A46500 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10536597 Country of ref document: US |