WO2004048878A1

WO2004048878A1 - Integration of a large calibre gun on a ship

Info

Publication number: WO2004048878A1
Application number: PCT/EP2003/010820
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alexander Graf; Henning Von Seidlitz; Heinz-Josef Kruse; Uwe Folgmann; Peter Liebel
Original assignee: Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh; Howaldwerke Deutsche Werft Ag; Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2002-11-22
Filing date: 2003-09-30
Publication date: 2004-06-10
Also published as: ATE344432T1; NO329780B1; CA2506973A1; JP2006507178A; EP1563242A1; KR100672806B1; KR20050113168A; ES2275139T3; DE50305605D1; EP1563242B1; DE10254786A1; PT1563242E; PL206889B1; PL375489A1; NO20052409L; US20070151493A1

Abstract

Fire support of amphibic operations is important in order to meet existing military requirements for the use of military ships in coastal areas. Hitherto, guns used on ships had an amunition calibre of 127 mm (maximum) and a range of 15-18 kms. The aim of the invention is to integrate the tower (3) and the weaponry (15) of a large-calibre land gun (1), preferably the gun (1) of a tank howitzer i.e.155mm, on a ship (2). The gun (1) can be integrated in the form of a module into an existing deck structure of the ship (1). Shock-absorbing bearing elements (5) are used inbetween the deck (7) and the slewing rim (12) of the tower to enable the existing steel structure of the ship (2) to resist increased recoil forces. The large-calibre ship gun can transport different types of ammunition and carrier projectiles over a distance of more than 40 kms into the target area. By using land gun technology, e.g. the weaponry (15) of 155 mm tank howitzers, said guns (1) are no longer affected by ship-based disruptions.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Integration of a large caliber gun on a ship

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for integrating a large-caliber gun on a ship according to the features of the preambles of claims 1 and 2 and a ship gun according to the features of the preamble of claim 6.

State of the art

According to the prior art, it is known that ships currently with ammunition caliber 57, 76, 100 to max. Shoot 127 mm up to a range of 15 to 18 km. The development of guided missiles with land target capability has been started by some nations. The effectiveness of the guns used depends on the caliber, cadence and type of ammunition used. In general, however, it can be seen that the effect in the target increases with the caliber. Large-caliber guns from the field of army artillery are currently not used for this because the ship's structure does not permanently withstand the recoil forces of larger-caliber ammunition.

It is known from the guns used on land that large-caliber ammunition can be fired at distances of up to 40 km. The resulting kickback effects are minimized by appropriate technical solutions, such as return dampers.

The currently used ship ammunition are specially manufactured and are not compatible with land ammunition. Other ammunition, e.g. B. tank ammunition, etc. can not be used. There may be supply bottlenecks when working abroad. Another disadvantage of the ammunition used so far is the short range, whereby the targets on land cannot be combated without considerable own risk. Another disadvantage of the comparatively small caliber of the ship's guns is that the guns are susceptible to weather influences, e.g. B. Wind, are what a comparatively high scatter occurs with small ammunition.

A further disadvantage is that no intelligent daughter floors can be carried over the aforementioned known ship floors, e.g. B. Disassembly ammunition, fog. To be effective, high hit accuracy is required; H. a higher number of shots may be necessary.

The z. Gun turrets currently used on ships are not gas-tight. Furthermore, since they are "hardmounted" (rigid) connected to the ship, the recoil forces are introduced directly into the ship structure if large-caliber ammunition is used and would lead to the destruction of the ship structure. A steel-side reinforcement of the ship structure would be heavy and heavy associated obvious disadvantages, as well as lead to considerable additional costs.

When using conventional ship guns, the rotation of the ship about the longitudinal axis leads to considerable problems in determining the coordinates, which also affects the accuracy of the target and an undesired scattering occurs.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to meet the existing military requirements for realizing the capability of naval fire support (NFS) for the use of military ships in the coastal area, in particular the fire support of amphibious operations is important, the range of the storey being to be increased considerably, so that targets inland can be fought with high accuracy. The task should be solved in the new construction or conversion of ships without serious changes to the steel structure and with the least possible financial and time expenditure.

This object is achieved by the features mentioned in claims 1, 2 and 6. The invention is based on the knowledge that the use of land guns that have not been usable on ships so far meets the new needs of the navy, not to cover them with expensive new developments, but with existing technology that even exceeds expectations. By using land guns with a caliber> 127 mm on a ship, the sophisticated technology of large-caliber land guns can be used to advantage in a new ship. In a further advantageous manner, the turret of a land gun can be connected to an adapter plate and a shock-absorbing bearing and installed on the ship in such a way that the existing steel structure of the ship withstands the increased recoil forces. This installation can be carried out in a modular manner in a particularly simple manner, so that no noteworthy changes need to be made on the ship and the installation can take place briefly. The land guns with a caliber> 127 mm can be used unchanged, the recoil forces to be transmitted to the floor deck being absorbed in a particularly advantageous manner by a shock-absorbing bearing, so that the advantageous, technically simple to adapt, design of the adapter plate and additional shock absorption compared to the Floor deck a connection of the standard of the ship technology with the standard land technology is established, whereby this new need of the navies is not covered with expensive new development, but with the existing land guns, preferably the 155 mm armored howitzer.

For example, by modular use of the turret and the weapon system of the 155 mm self-propelled howitzer as a ship's gun, a large range and a strong effect in the target can be achieved with little scatter. The gun according to the invention can further advantageously intelligent submunitions, eg. B. carry disassembly or mist ammunition, etc. In the coastal area, the use of a turret with a 155 mm armored howitzer as a ship's gun allows for fire support on land with an advantageous range of> 40 km from a safe position. In a further advantageous manner, the modular installation of the self-propelled howitzer on the ship can be sealed in an ABC-tight manner by using a radial damper, so that there is no danger to the operating personnel.

When using the 155 mm self-propelled howitzer as a ship gun, the recoil forces must be reduced. Thanks to a shock-absorbing, elastic bearing there is a time stretching of the introduction of force, so that technically acceptable residual accelerations are achieved for the ship deck. Despite the use of this elastic bearing, a position reference arranged above the elastic bearing on the gun guarantees correct aiming. This orientation is made possible by an inertial platform on the turret or on the carriage with GPS and satellite navigation, which determines the position of the weapon barrel in space and the geographic position on earth, thereby avoiding the disadvantages of ship-related influences from previous ship guns , For the above reason, the invention now enables shots from a moving ship's base to a moving target.

The large range enables a greater distance between the ship and the land, making it much more difficult to locate the ship. In contrast, destinations on land can be easily located using helicopters and drones. Advantageously, the use of carrier projectiles is also made possible by the invention, whereby targets are definitely hit when using bomblets, without requiring 100% exact target coordinates, this being a particular advantage at sea when combating ships. In a further advantageous manner, the invention enables the combat range at sea to be doubled for sea targets. Due to the sophisticated, intelligent sensor technology of the self-propelled howitzer, the carriage is realigned in each case, even though the ship continues to move. Due to the high accuracy, a considerable reduction in the number of shots to be fired is achieved. The use of the turret and the weapon system of the 155 mm self-propelled howitzer makes the ammunition compatible between the various units of the land and naval forces. In the future, naval ships can also fight targets far inland thanks to the invention, whereby the use of intelligent (daughter) ammunition is also possible.

Brief description of the drawing

The invention is described in detail using an exemplary embodiment in the following figures. Figure 1 shows a side view of the modular installation of a tower with weapons system of a self-propelled howitzer on a ship.

Figure 2 illustrates the modular structure of the turret howitzer tower in an enlarged view.

Figure 3 illustrates in a plan view a previous ship's gun with the fastening device on the deck, which also serves to fasten the turret of the 155 mm howitzer.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a land gun 1 on the upper deck 7 of a ship 2 of the naval forces. In the example shown, a rotatable turret 3 with height-adjustable armament 15 of a land gun is visible using the example of the 155 mm howitzer that was successfully used by the land forces.

Tower 3 is equipped with an unrecognizable inertial platform with GPS satellite navigation on tower 3 and on the carriage. This measures the position of the tube 3 in space and the geographical position on the earth. The exact position of the turret 3 is determined via satellite navigation and the necessary alignment of the barrel 15 can therefore be calculated. A fire control computer, not shown, receives the desired target coordinates and determines the necessary ballistic curve regardless of the ship-related influences. For firing the shot, the tower 3 is rotated about its axis in accordance with the target calculation and the tube 3 is directed in height about the shield pin axis 16.

The recoil forces of the weapon barrel 15 only act after the shot has been fired. The alignment required for the next shot is recalculated. The recoil forces on the ship must be prevented from causing damage to the ship's structure. This is advantageously achieved by an adapter 4 shown in FIG. 2 or an adapter plate with a shock-absorbing bearing 5, which are connected to one another and installed on the ship in such a way that the existing steel structure of the ship 2 withstands the increased recoil forces. The shock-absorbing bearing 5 is supported by a mounting frame 6. The mounting frame 6 can be fastened together with the adapter plate in the tower in a modular manner as a unit. The mounting frame 6 is designed so that it compensates for the space of a hole on the free deck 7 of the ship and can be attached to the existing hole edge area 9 of the deck 7.

This is done by means of a correspondingly dimensioned multiple screw fastening 19 in the edge area 9 as a connection to the ship structure, which can be connected directly to the upper deck without intermediate foundation (eg casting compound).

The lower half of the tower slewing ring 12 is connected or inserted into an intermediate frame 4, 13 or the adapter 4 or the adapter plate, the intermediate frame 13 being connected to the shock-absorbing bearing 5. The adapter plate 4 or the intermediate frame 13 have, in a manner not shown, an appropriate shape, scalable according to the respective frame spacing, with integrated stiffening structures for the static and dynamic introduction of force of the gun weight into the structure of the carrier ship.

The shock-absorbing bearing elements 5 consist of energy-absorbing damper and shock elements and reduce to a damping path of approx. Max. 150 mm the forces to be transmitted to the deck to an acceptable level. The shock-absorbing bearing 5 consists of bearing elements 5 ', which are arranged in segments on the circumference. The bearing elements 5 'are connected to the intermediate frame 4, 13 in such a way that they absorb pressure and tensile forces depending on the weft direction and elevation angle, and accordingly are elastically compressed or pulled apart to combat shock. The bearing elements 5 'can be loaded with multiple axes in accordance with the weft direction and can be elastically deformed. For example, they can consist of a rubber mixture, a steel spring or another suitable elastically deformable spring or damping element.

The mounting frame 6 is designed in such a way that it is placed on the deck in a modular manner with the shock-absorbing bearing 5 and the tower 3 and can be firmly connected. The mounting frame 6 also allows mounting in another Sequence. It is also possible to pre-assemble the frame 6 on the deck and to subsequently insert the remaining parts in the assembly frame.

A radial damper 14, which preferably consists of a hollow rubber hose, is arranged for the airtight ABC seal between the intermediate frame 13 and the mounting frame 6.

On the free deck, a sealing apron 10 protects the bearing elements 5 and partially the mounting frame 6 against splash water. In a manner not shown, there are shock-proof connection options between the ship and the module 18 of the self-propelled howitzer.

A deformable seal from the underside to the upper deck ensures gas tightness and earthing / grounding. The installation of the self-propelled howitzer on a naval ship also leads to the following advantageous improvements:

- The ammunition supply can be fully automated;

- STEALTH technology is used for the tower;

- horizontal funding is possible;

- A connection of the tower to the compressed air system of the ship is advantageously possible, whereby a separate compressor can be omitted for an automatic loader;

- the use of active pipe cooling;

- Use of an extended return device to simplify the attenuators;

- Connection of the fire control system to the operational system on the ship and target data transfer from ship-protected fire control systems. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 gun

2 ship

3 turret / carriage

4 adapter plate

5 shock-absorbing storage

5 'damping element / bearing element

6 ontage frames

7 deck

8 holes

9 edge area

10 sealing apron

11 tower basket area

12 turret turn wreath

13 intermediate frame

14 radial dampers

15 armament / weapon system / barrel

16 schill cone axis

17 slewing ring part

18 module

19 Multiple screw fastening

Claims

claims

1. A method for integrating large-caliber guns on a ship, characterized in that the tower (3) with armament (15) of a land gun (1) with a caliber> 127 mm is installed on the ship (2).

2. A method for integrating large-caliber guns on a ship, characterized in that the turret (3) with armament (15) of a land gun (1) with a caliber> 127 mm with an adapter plate (4) and a shock-absorbing bearing (5) connected and installed on the ship that the existing steel structure of the ship (2) withstands the increased recoil forces.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the shock-absorbing bearing (5) is supported by a mounting frame (6) and the mounting frame (6) together with the adapter plate (4) and the tower (3) in a modular manner on the ship (2 ) are fastened, the mounting frame (6) being used to compensate for space in a hole (8) present on the free deck (7) of the ship (2) and is fastened to the adjacent hole edge region of the deck (7).

4. The method according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the shock-absorbing bearing (5) on the mounting frame (6) is protected against splash water by a sealing apron (10).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tower basket area (11) located under the tower (3) by an intermediate frame (13) of the adapter (4) and the mounting frame connected to a tower ring (12) (6) located radial damper (14) is sealed ABC-tight.

6. Ship gun with a turret rotatable in the lateral direction and a height-adjustable weapon, characterized in that the gun (1) consists of the turret (3) and the weapon system (15) of a self-propelled howitzer.

7. Ship gun according to claim 6, characterized by a turret (3) and a weapon system (15) of a self-propelled howitzer with a caliber of 155 mm.

8. Ship gun according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the turret (3) or the carriage with the weapon system to avoid impermissible recoil forces acting on the ship structure in a ship-side fasten bare, shock-absorbing bearing (5) is mounted.

9. Ship gun according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a lower turntable part (17) of a turret (12) attached to the turret (12) is connected to an intermediate frame (4, 13) or an adapter or an adapter plate or is inserted therein, the intermediate frame (4, 13) being further connected to the shock-absorbing bearing (5).

10. Ship gun according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the shock-absorbing bearing (5) has a damping path of approx. Max. 150 mm.

11. Ship gun according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the shock-absorbing bearing (5) consists of bearing elements (5 ') which are arranged in segments on the circumference.

12. Ship gun according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the bearing elements (5 ') in such a way with the intermediate frame (4,13) are connected such that they absorb pressure or tensile forces depending on the direction of the shot and the angle of elevation and are accordingly compressed or pulled apart elastically for shock absorption.

13. Ship gun according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the bearing elements (5 ') are multi-axis loadable and elastically deformable, such as consist of a rubber mixture, a steel spring or another suitable elastically deformable spring or damping element.

14. Ship gun according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized by a mounting frame (6) which on the one hand is firmly connected to the free deck (7), and on the other hand carries the shock-absorbing bearing (5).

15. Ship gun according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized by a radial damper (14), which preferably consists of a hollow rubber hose and is arranged for an airtight ABC seal between the intermediate frame (13) and the mounting frame (6).

16. Ship gun according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the bearing elements (5 ') and the mounting frame (6) are protected against splash water by a sealing apron (10).

17. Ship gun according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the turret (3) or the mount is equipped with an inertial platform which contains a GPS-based, highly accurate inertial navigation system which indicates the position of the weapon barrel in space and the geographical position Earth directly determined without ship-related influences.