EP1983294B1 - Method and device for combating a launching position of an attack munition - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling a launching device firing a flying attack ammunition. Flying assault ammunition can be used in particular for missiles and artillery and mortar shells (so-called RAM threat) and the like. represent.

It is known to initiate countermeasures after locating an assault ammunition. For example, it can be attempted to combat the assault ammunition by firing a defensive ammunition in the air. Such a method and apparatus will be described at the time of the present application not yet published German patent application DE 10 2007 007 403.6 described.

In addition to the measure to combat the flying attack ammunition, it is also useful to make the enemy launching device of the attack ammunition harmless, so that further attacks can be prevented. For this reason, it is known to determine the trajectory of the attack ammunition body to determine from it by recalculation of the shooting site and fire defense ammunition in the direction of this position. This type of combat should be done as quickly as possible, since the attacking opponent often moves his usually mobile launcher to another, unknown position after firing one or more assault ammo.

DE 10 2004 038264 A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 11. The method and apparatus are for determining and controlling the firing point of a projectile, wherein the own main gun or foreign firepower for combat is provided.

US 2006/283317 A1 discloses a method wherein the firing point of a projectile can be detected and fought with a weapon system.

US 7 151 478 B1 describes a method for determining a launch location by extrapolating flight data of a projectile, where combat of that location is transferred to another system.

DE 42 04 217 A1 describes a weapon system with main and secondary weapon together with fire control system, which is configured for parallel control of multiple targets in different directions.

WO 02/103276 A2 describes a weapon system with range-complementing main and secondary weapon to combat ground targets.

JP401046595 describes a system with range-supplementing main and secondary weapon for air defense, whereby according to the distance to the target the main or auxiliary weapon is selected.

It is the object of the invention to provide a method and a device which make it possible, by means of a weapon system, to combat as fast as possible an enemy launcher for a wide range of distances between the weapon system and the enemy launcher.

The invention solves the problem procedurally with the features of claim 1 and device-wise with the features of claim 9. Advantageous developments are part of the dependent claims.

The method for controlling an assault ammunition launcher firing a flying assault ammunition device provides inter alia that the launch site of the enemy launcher is determined. For this purpose, first by means of a computer unit the trajectory of the previously by means of at least one locating device be known attacked ammunition so that subsequently determined by recalculation of the shooting site.

The already introduced patent application DE 10 2007 007 403.6 describes a particularly fast method and the associated device for determining the trajectory of an assault ammunition. In order to determine the trajectory of the assault ammunition body, the ballistic coefficient c of the assault ammunition body is determined in this case, wherein this in turn can be determined, for example, by determining the air resistance force of the assault ammunition body. The air resistance force can be determined based on the difference between two kinetic energies of the assault ammunition body at two locations and the distance between these locations, for example, two measuring points can be recorded by means of the locating device for determining a kinetic energy, from which the speed of the attack ammunition body can be determined. This method and the associated device are used in a particularly preferred embodiment also in the context of this application, so that protection is sought for the resulting feature combinations.

Furthermore, according to the invention, after the determination of the launching location by means of a selection computer unit, it is selected whether a defense ammunition body from a main weapon, in particular an artillery gun, or a secondary weapon, in particular a mortar launcher, is fired, in which case the defense ammunition body according to the selection and is fired in accordance with a determined by a Feuerleitrechner Feuerleitlösung.

It complement the reach ranges of the main and secondary weapon. Thus, the minimum range of the secondary weapon under given environmental conditions may be smaller than the minimum range of the main weapon. Furthermore, the maximum range of the main weapon can be greater than the maximum range of the secondary weapon. This covers the largest possible distance range, in which the opposing launcher can be successfully controlled. It has proved to be particularly advantageous that an artillery gun is used as the main weapon and a mortar launcher is used as a secondary weapon, since thus the near area is covered by the mortar launcher and the long range by the artillery gun, whereby an overlap area can also be provided. The use of these components has the further advantage that the artillery gun also to combat the flying assault ammunition after the already introduced application DE 10 2007 007 403.6 can be used, so that a total weapon system results, by means of which both reliable attacking ammunition can be fought and the enemy launching device can be almost fought for arbitrary distances, so that this weapon system is suitable for example for the protection of a field camp.

The defense ammunition body can be fired automatically after the selection of the corresponding weapon, wherein the result of the selection can also be displayed on a connected to the selection computer unit display device, such as a computer monitor, so that the selection for reasons of safety of a the Checked weapon operating system and confirmed before firing. Decision support software may also provide the operator with decision support for use of either the main weapon system or the secondary weapon system.

When selecting the appropriate weapon, the location of the main and auxiliary weapon and the target location, as well as the terrain topography, can be taken into account.

It can be attempted within the framework of the selection determination to determine a Feuerleitlösung for each of the main weapon and secondary weapon. If no admissible Feuerleitlösung for one of the weapons can be found, it can thus be recognized whether the respective weapon is suitable for the fight against the enemy launcher. Incidentally, the determination of the corresponding fire-control solution can also be carried out only after the selection.

The Feuerleitlösung for the secondary weapon can preferably be determined by means of the same fire control computer, which also determines the Feuerleitlösung the main weapon.

Preferably, the main weapon is part of a stationary or self-propelled artillery weapon system with a turret, such. B. a tank howitzer. For this known device, the secondary weapon, in particular a mortar launcher, be retrofitted, which can shoot on the basis of the mortar ammunition, preferably with a caliber of 60 mm to 120 mm, in the larger upper angle group range. It is advantageous if the auxiliary weapon is arranged on the turret, in particular on the turret.

In order to keep the construction of the main and secondary weapon as small as possible, a common drive for the movement in azimuth can be provided for the main and secondary weapon. In this case, the movement of the secondary weapon in azimuth can be mechanically coupled to the movement of the main weapon in azimuth. To make the necessary calculations regarding To keep the alignment of the secondary weapon low, it is advantageous if the secondary weapon is aligned parallel to the main weapon. However, it can also be aligned with a predetermined offset to the main weapon.

For the elevation of the main and secondary weapon each have its own drive can be provided, the drive of the secondary weapon can be configured as angle encoder controlled elevation drive.
Furthermore, the directional range in elevation of the secondary weapon can be 0 ° to <90 °, in particular 0 ° to 85 °.

In the design of the main weapon as an artillery gun with turret gun turret may have a closable hatch and the side weapon so arranged on the turret in the hatch that a manual reloading of the secondary weapon, which can be brought for this purpose, in particular in an index position, conveniently from a person in the hatch can be carried out.

In order to obtain a particularly accurate alignment of the two weapons, the weapon system may comprise an inertial navigation device, which determines the position and / or direction of the main and secondary weapon.

In order to be able to carry out a particularly accurate trajectory determination, after the first location of the assault ammunition by the locating device, in particular a Rundsuchradargerät, the location data to a second locating device, in particular a Zielfolderadargerät be passed, which performs the measurement necessary for the determination of the trajectory sizes ,

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Bekämpfung einer Angriffsmunitionskörper-Abschuss-vorrichtung;

Fig. 2

ein erstes Artilleriewaffensystem mit einer nachgerüsteten Nebenwaffe;

Fig. 3

das Artilleriewaffensystem nach Fig. 2 in einer anderen Stellung;

Fig. 4

ein zweites Artilleriewaffensystem mit einer nachgerüsteten Nebenwaffe;

Fig. 5

das Artilleriewaffensystem nach Fig. 4 in einer anderen Stellung;

Fig. 6

eine Detailansicht des Geschützturm des Artilleriewaffensystems nach Fig. 2 während des Nachladens der Nebenwaffe; und

Fig. 7

die Detailansicht nach Fig. 6 in einer anderen Perspektive.

A possible embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 described. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an apparatus for controlling an assault ammunition launcher;

Fig. 2

a first artillery weapons system with a retrofitted secondary weapon;

Fig. 3

the artillery weapon system Fig. 2 in a different position;

Fig. 4

a second artillery weapon system with a retrofitted secondary weapon;

Fig. 5

the artillery weapon system Fig. 4 in a different position;

Fig. 6

a detailed view of the turret of the artillery weapons system after Fig. 2 while reloading the secondary weapon; and

Fig. 7

the detail view after Fig. 6 in a different perspective.

The Fig. 1 It schematically shows an artillery weapon system 1 as a device for controlling an attack ammunition launcher. It has an artillery gun as a main weapon 2, which can fire defense ammunition 3 with or without fragmentation, a first locating device 12, a second locating device 5, a display device 9 and a Fire control computer 6 on. The main weapon 2, the locating device 5 and the display device 9 are connected via data lines 11 with the Feuerleitrechner 6. The artillery weapon system has a mortar launching device arranged on the turret 8 as a secondary weapon 7, by means of which mortar ammunition bodies 3 'can be fired.

The selection computer unit 6, by means of which it is selected whether a defense ammunition body 3 from the main weapon 2 or a defense ammunition body 3 'is fired from the auxiliary weapon 7, is brought together together with the fire control computer 6.

The FIGS. 2 and 3 show a first embodiment and the 4 and 5 a second embodiment of a self-propelled artillery weapon system 1 (155 mm caliber howitzer). On the turret 8 the mortar launcher (60 mm caliber) is additionally arranged as a secondary weapon 7. The weapon direction of the secondary weapon 7 is parallel to the weapon direction of the main weapon 2. The two weapon directions are always in the same plane regardless of the position of the directed weapons. The turret 8 is rotatable in azimuth. The space provided for this purpose, not shown Seitenrichtantrieb the tower 8 thus simultaneously moves the main weapon 2 and secondary weapon. 7

The designed as angle encoder controlled Höhenrichtantrieb drive 13 for the movement in elevation of the secondary weapon is in the Fig. 6 and 7 shown a detail view of the turret 8 of the artillery weapons system 1 during reloading of the secondary weapon 7. For this purpose, the secondary weapon 7 is brought into the index position shown. In this manual reloading of the secondary weapon 7 can be performed with a defense ammunition 3 'of a 14 located in a closable loader hatch 10 on turret 8 person. Due to the muzzle-loading principle of the mortar 7 in connection with its movement on the turret 8 there is no shotgun load for the operators and the crew.

The mortar defense ammunition 3 'can be fired with all available and suitable detonators. The programming the detonator is made with the typical for mortar defense ammunition 3 'fuseholders.

The calculation of essay and Vorhalt the secondary weapon 7 takes place in the weapon system computer 6 of the artillery weapons system. The Feuerleitverfahren for firing the mortar defense ammunition 3 'are analogous to the methods of the main weapon 2 in terms of control of ground-level targets, mainly in Hinterhangstellungen.

The main weapon 2 described is due to the ammunition used (projectile and propellant system) and the ballistic algorithms used according to the modified point-mass model according to STA-NAG 4355 in the achievement of short ranges in indirect shooting (upper angle group) at lower distances to> approx 3.5 km limited.

The mortar weapon system of the secondary weapon 7 can shoot 3 'in the larger upper angle group range due to the use of mortar defense ammunition and thus reach short ranges of well below 1,000 m, for example from 400 m. In particular, goals in this distance range in Hinterhangstellung are effectively combated.

1. I. Ortung des Angriffsmunitionskörpers 4 mit der ersten Ortungseinrichtung 12;
2. II. Übergabe der Zieldaten an die zweite Ortungseinrichtung 5 und Zielverfolgung;
3. III. Ermittlung der Flugbahn durch Anwendung des in der Patentanmeldung DE 10 2007 007 403.6 beschriebenen Verfahrens und Ermittlung des Abschussortes durch Rückrechnug mittels der Bewegungsdifferentialgleichungen;
4. IV. Bestimmung der Position und der Richtung der Hauptwaffe 2 und Nebenwaffe 7 mittels eines inertialen Navigationssystems (Kurs-Lage-Gerät);
5. V. Auswahl des abzufeuernden Abwehrmunitionskörpers 3 oder 3' durch die Auswahl-Rechnereinheit 6 unter Berücksichtigung der Standorte der Hauptwaffe 2 und Nebenwaffe 7 und des Zielstandorts und der Geländetopographie;
6. VI. Anzeige der Auswahl auf der Anzeigevorrichtung 9;
7. VII. Manuelle Freigabe des Abfeuerns durch einen Bediener;
8. VIII. Berechnung der entsprechenden Feuerleitlösung durch den Feuerleitrechner 6;
9. IX. Abfeuern des Abwehrmunitionskörpers 3 oder 3' in Richtung des Abschussortes.

The control procedure is as follows:

1. I. Locating the assault ammunition 4 with the first locating device 12;
2. II. Transfer of the target data to the second location device 5 and tracking;
3. III. Determination of the trajectory by applying the in the patent application DE 10 2007 007 403.6 described method and determination of the shooting site by back-calculation by means of the motion differential equations;
4. IV. Determining the position and direction of the main weapon 2 and secondary weapon 7 by means of an inertial navigation system (course-position device);
5. V. Selection of the defensive ammunition body 3 or 3 'to be fired by the selection computer unit 6, taking into account the locations of the main weapon 2 and sub-weapon 7 and the target location and the terrain topography;
6. VI. Display of the selection on the display device 9;
7. VII. Manual release of firing by an operator;
8. VIII. Calculation of the appropriate Feuerleitlösung by the fire control computer 6;
9. IX. Firing the defensive ammunition 3 or 3 'in the direction of the shooting site.

Claims (19)

1. A method for combating a launching device firing an air-borne assault ammunition body, wherein

   i. the air-borne assault ammunition body (4) is located by means of at least one locating device (5, 12),

   ii. the trajectory of the assault ammunition body (4) is determined,

   iii. the launch point of the assault ammunition body (4) is determined,

   iv. a selection computer unit (6) is used to select whether a defence ammunition body (3, 3') is fired from a main weapon (2) or an auxiliary weapon (7) of the same weapon system, whereof the firing ranges complement one another, and

   v. the defence ammunition body (3, 3') is fired according to the selection.
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the defence ammunition body (3, 3') is fired automatically according to the selection.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the result of the selection is displayed on a display device (9) connected to the selection computer unit (6).
4. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the position of the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7) and the target position and preferably the topography of the terrain are taken into account in the selection.
5. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a fire control solution for the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7) is determined in each case in the course of determining the selection.
6. A method according to Claim 5, characterised in that the fire control solution for the auxiliary weapon (7) is determined by means of the same fire control computer (6) as that which also determines the fire control solution of the main weapon (2).
7. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ballistic coefficient c of the assault ammunition body (4) is determined for the purpose of calculating the trajectory of the assault ammunition body (4).
8. A method according to Claim 7, characterised in that the ballistic coefficient c is determined by identifying the air resistance of the assault ammunition body (4).
9. A method according to Claim 8, characterised in that the difference between two kinetic energies of the assault ammunition body (4) at two points and the distance between these points is used to determine the air resistance in relation to mass, wherein, in particular for determining a kinetic energy, two measuring points are recorded by the locating device (5, 12) which are used to determine the velocity of the assault ammunition body (4).
10. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, after the first determination of the position of the assault ammunition body (4) by the locating device (12), the location data are transmitted to a second locating device (5), in particular a target-tracking radar device, which measures the necessary variables for determining the trajectory.
11. A device for implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims, having

    i. a locating device (5, 12), in particular a radar device, for locating an air-borne assault ammunition body (4),

    ii. at least one computer unit, in particular a fire control computer (6), for determining the trajectory and the firing point of the assault projectile (4),

    iii. a main weapon (2) and an auxiliary weapon (7) of the same weapon system, whereof the firing ranges complement one another,

    iv. a selection computer unit (6) for determining the selection as to whether a defence ammunition body (3, 3') is fired from the main weapon (2) or the auxiliary weapon (7),

    v. at least one fire control computer (6) for determining fire control solutions for the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7).
12. A device according to Claim 11, characterised in that the main weapon (2) is part of a stationary or automotive artillery weapon system (1) with a turret (8) and in that the auxiliary weapon (7) is arranged on the turret (8).
13. A device according to Claim 11 or 12, characterised in that it has a common drive for the azimuth movement of the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7).
14. A device according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterised in that it is designed such that the azimuth movement of the auxiliary weapon (7) is mechanically linked to the azimuth movement of the main weapon (2).
15. A device according to Claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the auxiliary weapon (7) is aligned parallel to the main weapon (2) or with a predetermined offset therefrom.
16. A device according to one of Claims 11 to 15, characterised in that it has a separate drive for the elevation of the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7) in each case, wherein the drive of the auxiliary weapon (7) is designed in particular as an elevating drive (13) controlled by an angle transmitter.
17. A device according to one of Claims 12 to 16, characterised in that the turret (8) has a closable hatch (10) and in that the auxiliary weapon (7) is arranged on the turret (8) in the region of the hatch (10) such that it is possible for a person (14) located in the hatch (10) to carry out manual reloading of the auxiliary weapon (7) which, for this purpose, can be brought in particular into an index position.
18. A device according to one of Claims 11 to 17, characterised in that it comprises an inertial navigation device which determines the position and/or direction of the main weapon (2) and auxiliary weapon (7).
19. A device according to one of Claims 11 to 18, characterised in that it comprises a second locating device (5), in particular a target-tracking device, which, after the first position of the assault ammunition body (4) is determined by the first locating device (12), receives the transmitted location data and carries out the measurement required to determine the trajectory of the assault ammunition body (4).

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