WO2004042410A1 - Dispositif de mesure de l’intensite d’un courant electrique - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure de l’intensite d’un courant electrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004042410A1 WO2004042410A1 PCT/EP2003/011020 EP0311020W WO2004042410A1 WO 2004042410 A1 WO2004042410 A1 WO 2004042410A1 EP 0311020 W EP0311020 W EP 0311020W WO 2004042410 A1 WO2004042410 A1 WO 2004042410A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- secondary winding
- compensation
- sensitive
- field
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
- G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
- G01R15/185—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/202—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using Hall-effect devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for measuring the intensity of an electric current and, more particularly, to such a device of the compensation type according to which a magnetic field produced by a primary winding traversed by the current to be measured is balanced. by a magnetic field of opposite direction created by a secondary winding crossed by a compensation current, this device comprising means sensitive to the field resulting from the addition of said magnetic fields of opposite directions to regulate said compensation current in closed loop.
- the means sensitive to the resulting field are most often constituted by a linear Hall effect probe, arranged in an air gap of the ferromagnetic core, for example.
- a linear Hall effect probe delivers an electrical signal representative of both the direction and the intensity of the flux of the field resulting in the air gap.
- drifts of such a device due to thermal and mechanical stresses such as those commonly encountered by electronic devices on board in motor vehicles for example, must then be compensated by additional electronic means which increase the cost of manufacturing the device.
- a solution to this problem could consist in using a linear and programmable Hall effect probe, which commonly integrates means allowing to compensate for necessary thermal and / or mechanical drifts. This solution is however also burdened by the high cost of these programmable probes. It is therefore not suitable for mass productions intended for a large clientele, which must be carried out at the lowest possible cost, as is the case in particular for electronics embedded in motor vehicles.
- the present invention therefore aims to provide a device for measuring the intensity of an electric current, of the compensation type, which is achievable at reduced cost without compromising, however, on the accuracy of the measurements provided.
- the present invention also aims to provide such a device, more particularly suitable for carrying out measurement of electric current in the environment of a motor vehicle.
- the windings are formed on the same core of ferromagnetic material having a low hysteresis to ensure a limit cycle oscillation at a sufficiently high frequency of said compensation current around a value corresponding to the exact compensation of the field created by said primary winding,
- the device comprises means for measuring a voltage across a resistor placed in series with the secondary winding, in order to derive therefrom the value of the current to be measured through that of the compensation current,
- the device comprises means for measuring the duty cycle of the output signal, modulated in pulse width, delivered by said means sensitive to the meaning of said resulting field, in order to derive therefrom the value of the current to be measured through that of the compensation current,
- the device comprises means for correcting the temperature of the circuit of the secondary winding, - the device comprises a bridge of "H" transistors arranged in the supply circuit of the secondary winding and means for controlling the inversion by this bridge of the direction of the current flowing in the winding, in response to the transitions of the signal delivered by the probe.
- block B shows schematically a current transformer conventionally comprising a core N made of a ferromagnetic material (round or rectangular) on which are wound primary 1 and secondary 2 windings, intended to be crossed by the current to be measured and by a compensation current i 2 respectively, as seen above in the description of the type of measuring device to which the device according to the invention belongs.
- a current transformer provides the galvanic isolation mentioned above and operates for DC currents up to a few kHz.
- the ferromagnetic core N advantageously takes the form of a ring cut by a narrow air gap.
- the two windings are supplied in such a way that the magnetic field fluxes which they develop are, in this air gap, collinear and in opposite directions.
- the secondary winding 2 is shown, in the figure, broken down into its electrical resistance R and its inductance
- a sensor 3 is placed in the gap of the ferromagnetic core N so as to be sensitive to the direction of the magnetic field prevailing in this gap, resulting from the addition of the opposing fields developed by the two windings wound on the ferromagnetic core.
- the supply of electrical energy to the secondary winding 2 is provided by a DC voltage source + V (usually 5 V, in automotive electronics), through a conventional "H" bridge of 4 transistors Q 1 to Q 4 , shown schematically in the figure in the form of controlled switches. These transistors can be OSFET type. They are then conventionally each associated with a “freewheeling" diode Di to D 4 , respectively.
- control means 5 of the bridge 4 themselves controlled by the output signal S of the sensor 3.
- this sensor 3 is sensitive only to the reversal of the direction of the magnetic field prevailing in the air gap where it is placed.
- this sensor can be constituted by a Hall effect probe with bipolar output.
- a Hall effect probe with bipolar output.
- This bipolar output probe takes the form of an integrated circuit comprising in particular a linear Hall effect probe delivering a supply signal of an input of a comparator, the output of the comparator controlling the conduction of a transistor.
- a linear Hall effect probe delivering a supply signal of an input of a comparator, the output of the comparator controlling the conduction of a transistor.
- the HAL 501 probe mentioned above is equipped, in particular, with means of temperature compensation and mechanical stresses which make the presence of external means unnecessary for this purpose. It is also available at low cost and is therefore suitable for satisfying the reduced cost objective set in the present invention.
- a current i 2 flows in a circuit connected between terminals 6 (then at voltage + V) and 7 (then at ground), these terminals being common, respectively, to transistors Q ⁇ Q 2 and Q 3 , Q 4.
- This circuit comprises the secondary winding 2 and, optionally, a CTN resistor 10 (shown in broken lines) connected in series for a reason which will be explained below.
- current i 2 increases until the flux developed by the secondary winding 2 exceeds that developed by the primary winding 1, crossed by the current to be measured.
- the signal S switches to its low level (ground potential), with the result that the transistors Q ⁇ Q 3 are blocked and the transistors Q 2 , Q are turned on. 4 which then apply a negative potential difference between the terminals 6 and 7. This results in a decrease in the current i 2 and a new growth of the field prevailing in the air gap.
- the signal S is of the PWM type (or "PWM” in English) with pulse width modulation, and that it causes the current i 2 to oscillate around a mean value corresponding to a zero flux of the magnetic field in this air gap.
- This oscillation is then self-sustaining. It is said to be “with limit cycle” and results from the weak hysteresis of the material used to constitute the ferromagnetic core (from Permalloy for example).
- the oscillation frequency is much higher than the cut-off frequency of the filter constituted by the inductance L and the total resistance R t of the circuit between terminals 6 and 7, the average value of the current i 2 is directly proportional to the current to be measured.
- I 2 can be obtained from a simple measurement of the voltage across a measurement resistor R m placed in series with the inductor 2, between terminals 6 and 7.
- the resistor R shown in the figure of drawing corresponds to the addition of this resistance R m to the resistance of inductor 2. If Rm is a resistance with low thermal drift, the sensor does not need any temperature compensation, because the thermal drifts are compensated by the servo by varying the duty cycle.
- ⁇ being the duty cycle of the PWM signal delivered by the sensor 3 and R t the total resistance of the circuit between terminals 6 and 7.
- the measurement of this duty cycle is carried out free of charge in an environment comprising a digital computer, as is the case in automotive electronics. It suffices to deliver the signal S to such a computer, duly programmed to obtain a measurement of ⁇ and, from there, of i 2 and of the current i 1 to be measured. It is then however necessary to have in the circuit of the secondary winding temperature compensation means constituted, for example, by a resistance with a negative temperature coefficient such as the resistance 10 shown in the single figure, to correct a drift in temperature of the resistor R and more particularly that of the winding also.
- Micronas HAL 501 sensor exhibits hysteresis, in the sense that the values of the fields causing the tilting of its output signal in one direction and in the other are not normally identical.
- This sensor includes internal means for adjusting this hysteresis. When used in the case of the present invention, it is advantageous to completely eliminate this hysteresis, which the skilled person can normally obtain by means of these adjustment means.
- the accuracy of the current measurements obtained via an analog voltage measurement is ⁇ 0.25% of the full measurement scale at 25 ° C, and + 0.4% between -40 ° C and + 125 C C, temperature range commonly taken into account in automotive electronics.
- the accuracy of the measurements obtained by means of the duty cycle ⁇ of the PWM signal is of the order of ⁇ 1% between -40 ° C and 125 ° C.
- the present invention does indeed achieve the goal of supplying a device for measuring an electric current, of the compensation type, which is both precise and of reduced production cost.
- the Hall effect sensor with bipolar output used in the invention also has the advantage of requiring no external temperature compensation means, such means being integrated into the sensor. It delivers a PWM signal directly usable by an H-transistor bridge. There is therefore no need to use a clock signal generator and a PWM modulation circuit to obtain such a signal.
- the PWM output of the sensor is low impedance and has great robustness.
- the PWM signal delivered to the open collector output of the sensor output transistor is very robust with regard to noise induced by the environment, which is precious in automotive electronics.
- the output current being high, it does not have a be amplified before being delivered to the control means 5 of the H-transistor bridge.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown which has been given only by way of example.
- the invention is not limited to the use of a Hall effect sensor with bipolar output.
- This sensor could be replaced by a magneto-resistive probe designed to deliver a PWM signal similar to that described above.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/533,793 US7256574B2 (en) | 2002-11-04 | 2003-10-06 | Device for measuring electric current intensity |
JP2004548731A JP4418755B2 (ja) | 2002-11-04 | 2003-10-06 | 電流強度を測定するための装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US0213770 | 2002-11-04 | ||
FR0213770A FR2846749B1 (fr) | 2002-11-04 | 2002-11-04 | Dispositif de mesure de l'intensite d'un courant electrique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004042410A1 true WO2004042410A1 (fr) | 2004-05-21 |
Family
ID=32104421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/011020 WO2004042410A1 (fr) | 2002-11-04 | 2003-10-06 | Dispositif de mesure de l’intensite d’un courant electrique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7256574B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4418755B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20050084644A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2846749B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004042410A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7288928B2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-10-30 | Greenwich Instruments Co., Inc. | Solenoidal Hall effects current sensor |
JP4888994B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2012-02-29 | 株式会社山武 | 電流モニタ装置 |
DE102006053935A1 (de) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Lastströmen in einem Fahrzeug |
DE102008029477A1 (de) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-24 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stromsensoranordnung zur Messung von Strömen in einem Primärleiter |
DE102009047235A1 (de) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schaltungseinrichtung und Leistungsschaltkreis mit der Schaltungseinrichtung |
EP2371588B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-26 | 2012-10-10 | Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG | Dispositif de chauffage électrique |
US9466983B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-10-11 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Auxiliary winding for extended current measurement |
DE102013225732B4 (de) * | 2013-12-12 | 2023-08-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hochvolt-Sicherung für Fahrzeuge |
CN111505363A (zh) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-07 | 深圳市知用电子有限公司 | 一种闭环电流互感器 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2632377A1 (de) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-01-26 | Friedl Richard | Stromkomparator mit digitaler stromregelung |
DE4142342A1 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-24 | Sew Eurodrive Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur digitalen strommessung |
DE19642472A1 (de) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Abb Research Ltd | Flußkompensierter Stromsensor |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4639665A (en) * | 1983-08-22 | 1987-01-27 | Borg-Warner Corporation | Sensing system for measuring a parameter |
FR2703467B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-29 | 1995-06-30 | Mecagis | Capteur de courant à effet Hall à flux nul destiné en particulier aux véhicules automobiles et scooters électriques. |
US5493211A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1996-02-20 | Tektronix, Inc. | Current probe |
DE19705768A1 (de) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-20 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Stromsensor nach dem Kompensationsprinzip |
DE19705767C2 (de) | 1997-02-14 | 1999-09-02 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Stromsensor nach dem Kompensationsprinzip |
US6043641A (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2000-03-28 | Singer; Jerome R. | Method and apparatus for rapid determinations of voltage and current in wires and conductors |
DE19919602A1 (de) | 1999-04-29 | 2000-11-30 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Stromsensor nach dem Kompensationsprinzip |
US6534967B1 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2003-03-18 | Mts Systems Corporation | Dual totem current sensor for measuring load current in an H-bridge power stage |
JP4451577B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-26 | 2010-04-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | 磁界センサ |
US6914422B2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-07-05 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Current monitoring/control circuit |
-
2002
- 2002-11-04 FR FR0213770A patent/FR2846749B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-06 US US10/533,793 patent/US7256574B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-06 JP JP2004548731A patent/JP4418755B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-06 WO PCT/EP2003/011020 patent/WO2004042410A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2003-10-06 KR KR1020057007826A patent/KR20050084644A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2632377A1 (de) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-01-26 | Friedl Richard | Stromkomparator mit digitaler stromregelung |
DE4142342A1 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-24 | Sew Eurodrive Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur digitalen strommessung |
DE19642472A1 (de) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Abb Research Ltd | Flußkompensierter Stromsensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20050084644A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
FR2846749B1 (fr) | 2005-01-07 |
US20060119342A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
JP2006504961A (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
FR2846749A1 (fr) | 2004-05-07 |
US7256574B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 |
JP4418755B2 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
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