WO2003095933A1 - Aufschlagzünder - Google Patents
Aufschlagzünder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003095933A1 WO2003095933A1 PCT/CH2002/000257 CH0200257W WO03095933A1 WO 2003095933 A1 WO2003095933 A1 WO 2003095933A1 CH 0200257 W CH0200257 W CH 0200257W WO 03095933 A1 WO03095933 A1 WO 03095933A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- firing pin
- ignition
- firing
- impeller
- rotor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
- F42C15/295—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids operated by a turbine or a propeller; Mounting means therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device according to claims 1 and 3, respectively.
- Missile detonators must meet high safety requirements and, according to standards (STANAG 4187, MIL-STD-1316E), have safety devices that are physically separate from one another. When stored and transported, they must not have any stored energies that could lead to premature ignition and / or to their charging or partial unlocking. The necessary ignition energy is therefore only made available during firing. from WO 00/31497 a mortar detonator with a wind turbine is known which drives a generator and charges a battery which is only chemically activated during the firing.
- a disadvantage here is the need to store battery acid, which limits the storage life of the ignition system.
- the shock mechanical impulse
- the shock is generally used to unlock, as a preliminary stage for arming, cf. EP -AI- 0 156 763 with electromagnetic ignition system stem of increased energy.
- the swirl that builds up when fired can also be used for safety and energy generation.
- the device should function reliably even at an acute angle of impact and when striking water surfaces.
- the subject of the invention should be adaptable to existing ammunition bodies within wide limits and should be suitable both for mechanical detonators equipped with firing pins and for conventional electrical detonators. This object is achieved by the features of the method according to claim 1 and by a device according to the features of claim 3.
- a impact detonator implemented according to these characteristics can achieve switching times of less than 250 ⁇ s and has an optimal effect on the target even with fast-flying projectiles.
- firing pin refers to designs with a percussion igniter, while the firing pin relates to mechanically triggered electric igniters.
- the ignition pin used in these ignition devices consequently only performs an electrical switching function.
- the design of the firing pin respectively. Firing pin similar; only the initiation of the ignition is designed differently - in a manner known per se.
- the firing pin or firing pin is, when viewed in the firing direction, in the rear secured position, which is protected against external influences, and is pushed forwards by the dynamic pressure acting on the head of the projectile during normal firing, opposite to it, relative to the projectile shifted into focus.
- the ignition chain can thus be of any type and, as such, of conventional design; likewise their supply with ignition energy.
- the dynamic pressure to move the firing pin or firing pin permits various design variants.
- the dynamic pressure could be used pneumatically and / or hydraulically to reverse its direction of action; gears and attachments that can be actuated by the dynamic pressure are also conceivable for this.
- a mechanical conversion of a rotational movement into a linear movement is particularly safe and can be used at any time.
- An impeller which is placed on the firing pin or firing pin, causes it to rotate. If the bolt or pin is partially provided with an external thread and inserted into a threaded bushing (nut thread), it screws into the front focus position after the impeller has been subjected to the dynamic pressure.
- nut thread threaded bushing
- the impeller is advantageously arranged behind a central inlet opening on the front and its hub and / or the front end region of the firing pin or ignition pin adapted to the inlet opening, so that the front end position of the impeller closes the inlet opening. This prevents mechanical overloading on the bolt or pin and / or on the threaded bushing and prevents malfunctions in the functional sequence.
- the part containing the inlet opening and the impeller act as actuating elements for the firing pin or firing pin.
- the surface pressure that arises on impact on a soft floor or on water is sufficient to safely move the bolt or pin into a third position that triggers the ignition.
- a fit for the threaded sleeve in its receiving bore has proven useful for this, which can be referred to as a so-called sliding seat and whose displacement in the firing direction is mechanically limited.
- the unlocking of a rotor which determines the safety of the foreline can be adapted to the launch characteristics of the projectile and monitored.
- Another armoring compound which is subjected to the launch acceleration, is able to rotate a tensioning shaft on its displacement path and thus exert a torque on the rotor via a spring connected to it.
- An additional locking part placed on the reinforcing compound allows the door impeller to be Block both before and at the moment of the launch.
- the turning of the front part can be used to actuate another armature mass lock.
- the lock is particularly safe to engage
- a spring-loaded ball which acts on the threaded sleeve of the turbine / ignition pin unit, allows the displacement resistance to be set in such a way that neither driving rain, nor snow or sleet can cause the ignition to trigger prematurely.
- the method and the ignition device with percussion ignition are the, built into an ammunition, shown in details.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a secured ignition device, which is screwed to an ammunition body and covered by a protective cap,
- FIG. 2 shows a representation through the cut surface II-II of FIG. 1, with the protective cap removed, the cut surface being partially broken open to a lower plane
- FIG. 3 shows a representation analogous to FIG. 2 through the sectional area III
- FIG. 4 shows the ignition device of FIG. 4 in an unlocked position before firing
- Fig. 8 shows the design of a hood of the ignition device Fig. 1 with the air duct shown shortly after the launch, and a complete view of the Turbine / ignition pin unit arranged in the hood,
- Fig. 10 is an illustration through the section surface IX - IX of Fig. 7, after the precoat safety, i.e. in full focus of the device and
- FIG 11 shows the ignition device when striking a target with the percussion pin hammered into the primary igniter.
- FIG. 4 In the central axis of an ammunition body M, FIG. 1, there is a turbine / ignition pin unit 1 (FIG. 4), the impeller of the turbine with la, the triggering element, i.e. the detonator tip with 1b and the percussion needle with Id.
- the shaft of the unit 1 is provided with a thread lc, screwed into a threaded sleeve 32 and axially displaceably mounted in the front part 4 against the firing direction.
- the impeller la is covered by a hood 2, which is designed to be easily deformable in the manner of an impact hood.
- This hood contains a central the air inlet 3 and the side air outlets 52 are designed in the form of a streamlined and aerodynamic design.
- the tensioning shaft 8 contains a groove 8a, which is used for mounting and adjusting the tensioning shaft 8.
- an interlocking 5 for the turbine 1 can be seen, which is inserted in the armoring compound 6, cf. Fig. 2.
- the axial guidance of the cylindrical mass 6 is designated 6 'and designed as a recess in the front part 4.
- the tensioning shaft 8 ends as a flattened coupling pin 10 which engages in a rotor axis 11. On this axis 11 there is a rotor 13, FIG. 1 and a helically wound drive spring 12.
- the rotor 13 is part of a so-called safety / armoring unit (S + A) and can be rotated upwards on a base plate 47 in its housing 14 held.
- the base plate 47 there is also an opening which serves as a lock 21 for securing the rotor 13.
- the front part 4 is sealed by an annular seal 15 with respect to an attachment part 48 with a flange 48 ′ with an external thread 49 and contains the entire autonomous ignition system, which is accordingly easy to insert and replace in the ammunition body M. 1 and 4, the transmission charge 43 in a sleeve 44 and the replaceable (adaptable) designed amplifier charge 45 in a further sleeve 46 with thread 50 can be seen.
- a protective cap 41 serves on the one hand to protect the device from transport damage and on the other hand at the same time as a transport lock with an indication of the locking or unlocking state.
- the cap 41 seals the attachment part 48 and thus the entire ignition system against dust and liquid via a round seal 16 (0-ring).
- Opposing protective cap handle parts 42 facilitate handling and, in particular, allow manually to exert the necessary force for a rotary movement and the pretension on the seal 16.
- An unlocking cam 25 engages on a lower side of the solid detonator hood 27, which is let into a displaceable, fork-shaped reinforcing mass lock 24 and is held in an end position by a bolt-shaped stop 28, FIG. 6.
- a so-called double mass lock can also be seen in FIGS. 1 and 4.
- This consists of an outer sleeve 18 with an inserted helical spring 22, an inner sleeve 23 which simultaneously acts as a secondary mass, a primary mass 19 with a further spring 20 and a mass locking ball 18a.
- FIG. 2 The sectional view in FIG. 2, viewed along the section line II from FIG. 1, shows the outer detonator hood 27 with its indicator window 34c and inner convex th recesses 34a and 34b.
- the recesses 34a there is an indicator ball 33, on which a helical spring 35 acts, which is supported at the end of a bore 33a.
- a locking ball 37 of a so-called rain safety lock 36 engages the threaded sleeve 32.
- a helical spring 39 resting on a closure 40 presses the locking ball 37 into a dome-shaped recess 38 in the threaded sleeve 32.
- sectional illustration in FIG. 3 again shows the turbine / ignition pin unit 1 in the center. This is clamped here by two forks 24a, a reinforcing mass lock 24, which in turn is limited in its path by a stop 28.
- the linear displacement required to cancel the blocking position shown is effected by the unlocking cam 25, which is guided by an arc-shaped unlocking curve 26.
- the indicator ball 33 in plane II has been omitted here for reasons of clarity.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 the rotation to be carried out manually is represented by an arrow and labeled D. 4, horizontal section lines V-V and VI-VI are drawn. The cut surfaces in plan view correspond to FIGS. 5 and 6.
- FIG. 6 shows the unlocked state of the reinforcing mass lock 24.
- Fig. 7 shows the ignition device in partial focus at the beginning of the down tube security, i.e.
- the impeller la of the turbine is fully extended in the firing direction and closes the air supply inside the hood 2; the dynamic pressure S now acts in full on the projection surface of the ignition device, respectively. of the ammunition body M.- This state is characterized by the position II of the impeller la.
- the detonator tip 1b can now act as an impact sensor.
- the rotor 13 is rotated into the starting position shown in FIG. 9 by the armoring compound 6, which is accelerated counter to the firing direction, via the tensioning shaft 8.
- the coil spring 12 serving as the drive spring for the rotor 13 was tensioned; it now exerts a torque on the rotor.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the safety heating unit 14 in a sectional illustration along the cutting line IX - IX, Fig. 7, where Fig. 10 shows the unit 14 at the end of the foreline safety.
- a clockwork 31 with a pair of primary gearwheels 31a, a secondary gearwheel 31b, a zappler drive 31c with a zappler 31d can be seen here.
- the upper primary gear 31a engages in the toothing of the ring gear 13a.
- the rotor 13 is arranged to be rotatable through 120 ° about the axis 11 and, with its annular groove 17 closed at the bottom, covers the transfer charge 43; see. Fig. 7.-
- the spiral spring 12 acting on the rotor axis 11 can also be seen here, which exerts a moment on the rotor in the direction of rotation d.
- a rear annular groove 54 can be observed through a bore 30 and thus the rotational position of the rotor 13 can be checked.
- the percussion detonator charge 29 is rotated by 120 ° with respect to the axis of the percussion needle (FIG. 4).
- the primary mass 19 has moved from its starting position I, cf. Fig. 4, moved to the rear and is engaged in the recess 13b after the rotation of the rotor 13.
- FIG. 8 shows the design of the hood 2 with the air duct to the turbine / ignition pin unit 1.
- the spherical recess 38 in which the ball 37 engages can also be seen in the threaded sleeve 32, cf. Fig. 5, and which serves to protect against rain.
- This arrangement increases the mechanical displacement resistance of the sleeve 32 by a value which can be determined by the spring characteristic, ie it compensates for the increased dynamic pressure which is effective in rain or snow.
- the turbine / ignition pin unit 1 can therefore not prematurely, ie during initiate an ignition of the flight of the ammunition body M to the target.
- the ignition device is screwed into the ammunition body M to be provided with the thread 49 in a manner known per se.
- it can be easily adapted to the pyrotechnic conditions of the ignition chain via the likewise interchangeable booster charge 45 and therefore allows use for different types of ammunition.
- the protective cap 41 Before use in a gun barrel, the protective cap 41 is removed from the ignition device by a manual rotation of the grip part 42 by 35 °.
- the armoring mass lock 24 is guided out of its clamping position, FIG. 3, via the unlocking cam 25 and the unlocking curve 26, so that the impeller of the turbine 1 a is only locked with the lock 5.
- the two fork ends 24a clear the way in the recess 6 ', so that this can serve as a guide for the reinforcing compound 6.
- the (red marked) indicator ball was transferred from the position in the recess 34a to the recess 34b, so that it is now clearly visible in the window 34c. The readiness for firing is thus created and also indicated.
- the primary mass 19, together with its sleeve 23 and the springs 20 and 22, moves out of the secured position due to its inertia behavior.
- the further reinforcing mass 6 can now move in the guide 6 'along the spiral groove 9 and thus rotates the tensioning shaft 8 and the rotor 13 placed thereon.
- the reinforcing mass 6 is intercepted on its acceleration path in the collecting cone 6 "and is here on the positioned another regular flight path of the ammunition body M. Only through this rotor rotation is the drive spring 12 tensioned and can the clockwork 14 of the safety / armoring unit, a fidget mechanism known per se, which determines the safety of the foreline.
- the drive spring 12 rotates the rotor in the direction d, FIG. 9, and is thereby rotated into the position shown in FIG. 10 by the fidget mechanism during the interval of the fore-tube safety, for example during a delay of 2.3 s.
- the percussion detonator charge 29 shifts over the transfer charge 43, so that the detonator is now fully focused.
- the front pipe security could be reproduced within a time interval of a few tenths of a second, even with several ignition devices. If the detonator tip 1b strikes a target Z, see FIG. 11, the opposite side, the percussion needle Id, strikes the percussion detonator charge 29 and initiates it, which triggers the ignition chain, as shown in FIG. 11.
- the hood 2 is designed to be slightly deformable, so that, even with soft targets Z, it immediately assumes the shape 2 'shown and transmits the force to the entire turbine / ignition pin unit 1.
- This type Force absorption and transmission has a particularly positive effect on ammunition bodies hitting the target at an angle and in particular also on water surfaces.
- the ignition device shown by way of example has a high degree of security and can be controlled by the
- the modular structure in particular the ignition chain, also allows the device to be easily adapted to different calibers.
- the embodiment is largely insensitive to impact and fall-safe;
- the engaged arming compound lock 24 not only prevents the arming compound 6 from moving in an undesired manner, but at the same time blocks the turbine / ignition pin unit 1 due to the clamping action of the fork 24a.
- the primary mass 19 designed as a two-stage lock, locks the rotor 13 by again in its recess 13b engages, see Fig. 9. Also, the drive spring 12 is locked depending on the correct acceleration course before the clockwork 14 which determines the actual fore-tube safety is even started.
- the ignition chain consisting of the percussion needle ld and the charges 29, 43 and 45 only works if the precisely specified geometry is observed, which is only possible if all of the launch parameters matched to it.
- the trigger When it hits the target Z, the trigger is released very quickly, since the threaded sleeve 32 is mounted displaceably in the front part 4 against the firing direction, so that direct impulse transmission from the tip la to the percussion needle 1d can take place.
- the entire turbine / firing pin unit 1 is supported against buckling and can achieve the necessary displacement path with the wide transmission surface of the deformed hood 2 ', FIG. 11, and the impeller la even with hits that hit at an extremely oblique angle.
- the cavity between the inlet opening 3 of the hood 2 and the impeller la acts as a hydropneumatic spring, which increases the safety of triggering the ignition and even shortens the initiation interval compared to fixed targets.
- the impact force required to trigger the ignition can be predetermined or set by simply selecting the spring (39), see FIG. 5.
- the ignition device also responds to a blanket of snow, which is also due to hydrodynamic effects and has not previously been observed with conventional impact detonators.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02721949A EP1504235A1 (de) | 2002-05-13 | 2002-05-13 | Aufschlagzünder |
PCT/CH2002/000257 WO2003095933A1 (de) | 2002-05-13 | 2002-05-13 | Aufschlagzünder |
AU2002252924A AU2002252924A1 (en) | 2002-05-13 | 2002-05-13 | Percussion fuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2002/000257 WO2003095933A1 (de) | 2002-05-13 | 2002-05-13 | Aufschlagzünder |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003095933A1 true WO2003095933A1 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
Family
ID=29410129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2002/000257 WO2003095933A1 (de) | 2002-05-13 | 2002-05-13 | Aufschlagzünder |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1504235A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002252924A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003095933A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023046327A1 (fr) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Dixi Microtechniques | Fusee mecanique auto-percutante pour une munition non girante |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1666672A (en) * | 1925-06-09 | 1928-04-17 | Varaud Andre | Percussion fuse for projectiles subjected to a rotary movement around their axes during their trajectory |
FR774151A (fr) * | 1934-06-05 | 1934-12-03 | Bofors Ab | Fusée à percussion pour projectiles |
US2131037A (en) * | 1937-10-11 | 1938-09-27 | Harold M Brayton | Bomb nose fuse |
DE3214714A1 (de) * | 1982-04-21 | 1983-10-27 | Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg | Sicherungseinrichtung fuer ein drallfreies geschoss |
EP0156763A1 (de) | 1984-02-24 | 1985-10-02 | Ems-Inventa AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Energie in einem elektromagnetischen Zündsystem |
DE4420881A1 (de) * | 1994-06-15 | 1995-12-21 | Junghans Gmbh Geb | Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Geschoßzünder |
US20010017090A1 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-08-30 | Wolfgang Zehnder | Fuse device for a mortar shell |
-
2002
- 2002-05-13 WO PCT/CH2002/000257 patent/WO2003095933A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-13 EP EP02721949A patent/EP1504235A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-13 AU AU2002252924A patent/AU2002252924A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1666672A (en) * | 1925-06-09 | 1928-04-17 | Varaud Andre | Percussion fuse for projectiles subjected to a rotary movement around their axes during their trajectory |
FR774151A (fr) * | 1934-06-05 | 1934-12-03 | Bofors Ab | Fusée à percussion pour projectiles |
US2131037A (en) * | 1937-10-11 | 1938-09-27 | Harold M Brayton | Bomb nose fuse |
DE3214714A1 (de) * | 1982-04-21 | 1983-10-27 | Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg | Sicherungseinrichtung fuer ein drallfreies geschoss |
EP0156763A1 (de) | 1984-02-24 | 1985-10-02 | Ems-Inventa AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Energie in einem elektromagnetischen Zündsystem |
DE4420881A1 (de) * | 1994-06-15 | 1995-12-21 | Junghans Gmbh Geb | Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Geschoßzünder |
US20010017090A1 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-08-30 | Wolfgang Zehnder | Fuse device for a mortar shell |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023046327A1 (fr) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Dixi Microtechniques | Fusee mecanique auto-percutante pour une munition non girante |
FR3127563A1 (fr) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-31 | Dixi Microtechniques | Fuseé mécanique auto-percutante pour une munition non girante |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1504235A1 (de) | 2005-02-09 |
AU2002252924A1 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
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