WO2003083190A1

WO2003083190A1 - Method for spinning and reeling polyester multifilament yarns by using spinning additives, and polyester multifilament yarns obtained by said spinning method

Info

Publication number: WO2003083190A1
Application number: PCT/EP2003/001783
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ulrich Mirwaldt; Eckhard Seidel; Dietmar Wandel
Original assignee: Zimmer Ag; Röhm GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2002-03-28
Filing date: 2003-02-21
Publication date: 2003-10-09
Also published as: CN1643191A; TWI237670B; DE10213921B4; TR200402472T2; DE10213921A1; AU2003215578A1; TW200404108A; US20050269439A1; CN1306083C

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing and reeling pre-oriented polyester multifilament yarns comprising polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) at a proportion of at least 85 percent by weight relative to the total weight of the multifilament yarn and at least one additive polymer at a proportion ranging between 0.05 percent by weight and 2.5 percent by weight relative to the total weight of the multifilament yarn as a stretch-increasing means. The inventive method is characterized by the fact that a wound thread package is supplied which displays long-term stability during storage and is insensitive to elevated temperatures during storage and transport by heat-treating the wound thread package of the polyester multifilament yarn at a temperature ranging from > 45° C to 65° C. The invention also relates to polyester multifilament yarns obtained by the inventive method and the use thereof.

Description

Process for spinning and winding polyester multifilament yarns using spinning additives, and polyester multifilament yarns obtainable by the spinning process

The present invention relates to processes for spinning and winding polyester filaments using spinning additives, which are at least 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyester filament, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT), preferably of PTMT , exist, as well as the polyester multifilaments obtainable by the process. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the polyester multifilaments for stretch texturing.

The production of continuous polyester multifilaments, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) multifilaments, in a two-stage process is already known. In the first stage, multifilaments are spun and wound up, which in the second stage are stretched and heat-set or stretch-textured into bulky multifilaments. Between the two stages, the multifilament yarn packages can be stored for a longer period and transported at higher temperatures without affecting the processing conditions of the second stage and the quality of the products available.

The book "Synthetic Fibers" by F. F ourne (1995), published by Hanser-Verlag in Munich, provides an overview of this area by describing the basics of spinning and winding technology.

In contrast to PET multifilament yarns, however, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) multifilament yarns show both directly after spinning and during winding and also several hours and days after winding up during storage and transport, in particular with higher ambient temperatures, a considerable tendency to shrink, which leads to a shortening of the thread. This compresses the bobbin, so that in extreme cases the bobbin shrinks tightly on the winding mandrel and the bobbin is no longer removed can be. During storage for a longer period of time or during transport, especially at elevated temperatures, the thread winding package loses its desired "cheese-like" structure and a so-called saddle with hard edges and a shrunk middle part is formed in the winding body. As a result, the textile characteristics of the filaments are deteriorated and there are run-off problems when processing the wraps

Problems that do not occur when processing PET fibers can generally only be avoided by limiting the weight of the thread winding package to less than 2 kg.

It is also observed that, in contrast to PET multifilament yarns, PBT or PTMT multifilament yarns increasingly age when stored. This is reinforced by

Ambient temperatures in the area and above the polymer glass point observed. There is a hardening of the structure, which in the course of time leads to a change in the characteristic properties of the multifilament yarns (e.g. reduction in boiling shrinkage). In industrial use, however, storage-stable multifilament yarns with constant game properties that are independent of the specific storage conditions required that allow continuous processing and lead to multifilament games with uniform properties.

The differences between PET and PBT or PTMT are usually attributed to structure and property differences, as is shown, for example, in Chemical Fibers Int., P. 53, vol. 50 (2000), and were the subject of the 39th Int. Man-made Fiber Congress, from 13th to 15th September 2000 in Dombirn. It is assumed that different chain formations and the higher glass point of PET compared to PTMT / PBT are responsible for the property differences.

First approaches to solving these problems are described in the patent applications WO 99/27168, WO 01/04393 and the European patent EP 0.731.196 B1. Polyester multifilament yarns, which consist of at least 90% by weight of polytrimethylene terephthalate, are produced in WO 99/27168 by spinning and drawing. Spinning take-off speeds of at most 2100 m / min are specified, which, however, are too low from an economic point of view. The through the procedure Available polyester fibers have a shrinkage between 5% and 16% and an elongation at break of 20% to 60%, so that they are only of limited suitability for further processing because, due to the low elongation at break, an increased number of processing errors must be expected during further processing , Furthermore, the resulting yarn will have reduced tensile strength.

WO 01/04393 relates to a process for the production of PTMT multifilaments, in which the multifilament yarns are heat-treated using heated godets. However, neither storage nor transport stability, especially at higher temperatures, is described. A disadvantage of the process is the low spinning take-off speeds required. An increase in speed, which is desirable for economic reasons, results in a shorter contact time of the multifilaments on the heated godets, which leads to a deterioration in the long-term storage stability of the resulting thread winding packages and the POY cooking shrinkage at higher temperatures.

European patent EP 0.731, 196 B1 claims a process for spinning, drawing and winding a synthetic thread, in which the thread is subjected to heat treatment after drawing and before winding to reduce the tendency to shrink. Usable synthetic fibers also include polytrimethylene terephthalate fibers. According to EP 0.731.196 B1, the heat treatment takes place in that the synthetic thread is guided in close proximity but essentially without contact along an elongated heating surface. A treatment of the thread winding package is not described in the publication. In addition, no information regarding the storage stability and the transport stability of the thread winding packages can be found.

Another problem that can usually be observed during the spinning and winding of multi-filament yarns, especially at high speeds, is the noise pollution, especially in the vicinity of the winder. It has therefore been proposed to enclose the winder unit in a soundproof housing. However, one was Heat treatment of the thread winding package within this sound-insulating housing has not previously been described in the prior art.

In view of the prior art, it was an object of the present invention to solve the problems mentioned above. In particular, it was an object of the present. Invention to provide a method for spinning and winding polyester multifilament yarns, which consist of at least 85 wt .-% based on the total weight of the filaments of PBT and / or PTMT, which the production and winding of polyester -Multifϊlament yarns made easy. The polyester multifilaments should expediently have elongation at break values of> 60%, preferably in the range from 75% to 145%, a boiling shrinkage of 0 to 10%, and a high uniformity with regard to the filament characteristics.

Another object of the present invention was to provide a method for spinning and winding polyester multifilament games that can be carried out on an industrial scale and at low cost. The method according to the invention should allow the highest possible take-off speeds, preferably greater than or equal to 2200 m / min and high thread weights on the bobbin of more than 2 kg, in particular of more than 4 kg, the thread winding packages expediently having a uniform cheese-like shape without bulges and slipped thread layers should.

It was also an object of the present invention to improve the storage life of the polyester multifilaments obtainable by the process according to the invention. These should also be storable for a longer period of time, for example 4 weeks. Pressing the bobbin during storage, in particular shrinking the bobbin onto the winding dome, and forming a saddle with hard edges and a run-in middle part should be prevented as far as possible so that no run-off problems can occur when processing the bobbin.

According to the invention, the polyester multifilaments should be able to be processed in a simple manner in a drawing or drawing texturing process, in particular at high texturing speeds, preferably greater than 450 m / min. The through the Stretch texturing available multi-filament game should have excellent material properties, such as a high tear strength and a high elongation at break, a low number of capillary breaks and a uniform dyeability.

These and other tasks not explicitly mentioned, which, however, can easily be derived or inferred from the 5 contexts discussed at the outset, are achieved by a method for spinning and winding with all the features of patent claim 1. Appropriate modifications of the method according to the invention are described in the claims 1 related subclaims placed under protection. The polyester multifilament yarn obtainable by the spinning process is described in independent product claim 10. The stretch texturing of the pre-oriented polyester filament is claimed in process claim 21, while the product claims 22 and 23 relate to the bulky filaments obtainable by the stretch texturing.

The fact that in a process for the production and winding of polyester multifilament yarns, the at least 85 wt .-% based on the total weight of the

15 multifilament chamois made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) and contain between 0.05 wt .-% and 2.5 wt .-% based on the total weight of the multifilament yarn at least one additive polymer as a stretching agent , the thread winding package of the polyester multifilament chamois heat-treated at a temperature in the range from> 45 ° C to 65 ° C, does not succeed

_0 To provide polyester multifilaments in a predictable manner, which retain their excellent material properties even after storage for 4 weeks, in particular after storage or after transport at higher temperatures up to 65 ° C. A significant deterioration in the uniformity values of the thread as a result of aging or a winding shrinkage of the spun fiber on the bobbin is not possible

.5 watch.

At the same time, the method according to the invention has a number of further advantages. These include: The method according to the invention can be carried out in a simple manner, on an industrial scale and inexpensively. In particular, the method allows spinning and winding at high take-off speeds of at least 2200 m / min and the production of high thread weights on the bobbin of more than 2 kg, in particular of more than 4 kg, the thread winding packages being a uniform, cheese-shaped

Shape without bulges and slipped thread layers.

=> With the use of spinning additives, take-off speeds of up to 6000 m / min can be achieved. As a result, the systems can be operated particularly economically.

=> The polyester multifilament game obtainable by the process can thus be processed in a simple manner, on an industrial scale and inexpensively in a stretching or stretching texturing process. The texturing can take place at speeds greater than 450 m / min.

=> Due to the high uniformity of the polyester multifilament yarns obtainable by the process, it is possible in a simple way to get a good one

Set the bobbin structure, which allows a uniform and almost flawless coloring and processing of the polyester multifilament game.

=> Dimensionally stable thread windings are obtained during winding, which can be removed from the bobbin without problems and which retain their shape even after a long storage period of e.g. B. 4 weeks or during transport at temperatures up to 65 ° C, especially at

Maintain temperatures between the glass point of the polymer and 65 ° C.

=> Higher elongations at break are obtained at higher spinning speeds than without an additive, so that a higher draw ratio during further processing results with a positive effect on the economy of the process.

=> The POY's shrinkage obtained from 0 - 10% ensures the high stability of the thread parameters during storage. Even at higher transport temperatures up to 65 ° C the shrinkage decreases by a maximum of 10% absolute. There is no deformation of the winding package.

=> The games available through stretch texturing of the multifilament yarns have a high elongation at break as well as a high tensile strength.

In the following the invention will be described in more detail, with occasional reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

1 is a schematic representation of a device for winding one or more multifilament yarns,

2 is a schematic representation of a "cheese-like" thread winding package,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a deformed thread winding package with a saddle with hard edges and a run-in middle part.

The present invention relates to a method for producing and winding up polyester multifilament games which consist of at least 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the filament, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or polymethylene terephthalate (PTMT). Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or

Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) are known to the person skilled in the art. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) can be obtained by polycondensing terephthalic acid with equimolar amounts of 1,4-butanediol, polytrimethylene terephthalate by polycondensing terephthalic acid with equimolar amounts of 1,3-propanediol. Mixtures of the two polyesters are also conceivable. PTMT is preferred according to the invention.

The polyesters can be both homopolymers and copolymers. Suitable copolymers are in particular those which, in addition to repeating PTMT and / or PBT units, also contain up to 15 mol%, based on all repeating units of the polyester, of repeating units of conventional comonomers, such as, for example, B. ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, polyethylene glycol, isophthalic acid and / or Adipic acid. However, polyester homopolymers are preferred in the context of the present invention.

The polyesters according to the invention can contain customary amounts of further additives as admixtures, such as catalysts, stabilizers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, flame retardants, dyes, dye absorption modifiers, light stabilizers, organic phosphites, optical brighteners and matting agents. The polyesters preferably contain 0 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the filament, of additives.

Furthermore, the polyesters can also contain a small proportion, preferably up to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the filament, of branching components. The branching components preferred according to the invention include, inter alia, polyfunctional acids, such as trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, or tri- to hexavalent alcohols, such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, glycerol, or corresponding hydroxy acids.

In the context of the present invention, 0.05% by weight to 2.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the filament, of additive polymers are added to the PBT and / or PTMT as an elongation-increasing agent. Additive polymers which are particularly suitable according to the invention include the polymers and / or copolymers mentioned below:

1. A polymer obtained by polymerizing monomers of the general formula (I):

(i) is available, wherein R 'and R ² substituents are consisting of the optional atoms of C, H, O, S, P and halogen atoms and the sum of the molecular weight of R' and R ² is at least 40th Exemplary monomer units include acrylic acid,

Methacrylic acid, and CH ₂ = CR - COOR ', where R is an H atom or a CH ₃ group and R 'a C ,. _{ιs alkyl} radical or a C _s . _{) 2} -cycloalkyl radical or a C ₆ . _{14 is} aryl, and styrene and C ,. ₃ alkyl substituted styrenes.

2. A copolymer which contains the following monomer units:

A = acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or CH ₂ = CR - COOR ', where R is an H atom or a CH ₃ group and R' is a C _S alkyl radical or a C _s _, ₂ -cycloalkyl radical or a C ₆ . _{14 is an} aryl radical, B = styrene or C, ₃ -alkyl-substituted styrenes, the copolymer being composed of 60 to 98% by weight of A and 2 to 40% by weight of B, preferably of 83 to 98% by weight of A and 2 to 17% by weight of B, and particularly preferably 90 to 98% by weight of A and 2 to 10% by weight of B (total = 100% by weight).

3. A copolymer which contains the following monomer units C = styrene or C ,. _3- alkyl substituted styrenes,

D = one or more monomers of the formula I, II or in

wherein R ^1, R ² and R ³ are each an H atom or a C, ₅ alkyl or C. ^ - aryl group, or a C _s _ ₁₂ cycloalkyl, wherein the copolymer of 15 to 95 wt .-% C and 2 to 80% by weight of D, preferably 50 to 90% by weight of C and 10 to 50% by weight of D and particularly preferably 70 to 85% by weight of C and 15 to 30% by weight of D. , the sum of C and D together being 100% by weight.

4. A copolymer which contains the following monomer units:

E = acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or CH ₂ = CR - COOR, where R is an H atom or a CH ₃ group and R 'is a C,. ₁₅ alkyl radical or a C ₅ _ ₁₂ cycloalkyl radical or a C _{6) 4} aryl radical, F = styrene or C ,. _3- alkyl substituted styrenes,

G = one or more monomers of the formula I, π or III

where R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 are} each an H atom or a C,. ₅ alkyl radical or a C _s . ₁₂ - cycloalkyl radical or a C ₆ . _14- aryl radical, H = one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with E and / or with F and / or G from the group consisting of α-methylstyrene, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters which are different from E, acrylonitrile, acrylamide , Methacrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, halogen-substituted styrenes, vinyl ether, isopropenyl ethers and dienes, the copolymer consisting of 30 to 99% by weight E, 0 to 50% by weight F,> 0 to 50% by weight G and 0 up to 50% by weight H, preferably from 45 to 97% by weight E, 0 to 30% by weight F, 3 to 40% by weight G and 0 to 30% by weight H and particularly preferably from 60 to 94 wt .-% E, 0 to 20 wt .-% F, 6 to 30 wt .-% G and 0 to 20 wt .-% H, the sum of E, F, G and H together 100 wt .-% results.

Component H is an optional component. Although the advantages to be achieved according to the invention can already be achieved by copolymers which have components from groups E to G, the advantages to be achieved according to the invention also occur if further monomers from group H are involved in the construction of the copolymer to be used according to the invention.

Component H is preferably selected so that it has no adverse effect on the properties of the copolymer to be used according to the invention. Component H can be used, inter alia, to modify the properties of the copolymer in a desired manner, for example by increasing or improving the flow properties when the copolymer is heated to the melting temperature, or to reduce residual color in the copolymer or by using a polyfunctional monomer to introduce some degree of crosslinking into the copolymer in this manner.

In addition, H can also be selected such that copolymerization of components E to G is possible or supported in the first place, as in the case of MA and MMA, which do not copolymerize per se, but copolymerize without problems when a third component such as styrene is added.

Suitable monomers for this purpose include u. a. Vinyl esters, esters of acrylic acid, for example methyl and ethyl acrylate, esters of methacrylic acid which differ from methyl methacrylate, for example butyl methacrylate and ethylhexyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, α-methylstyrene and the various halogen-substituted styrenes, vinyl and isopropenyl ether, dienes such as 1,3-butadiene and divinylbenzene. The color reduction of the copolymer can, for example, particularly preferably be achieved by using an electron-rich monomer, such as, for example, a vinyl ether, vinyl acetate, styrene or α-methylstryrene.

Aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene or α-methylstyrene are particularly preferred among the compounds of component H.

The preparation of the abovementioned polymers and / or copolymers is well known to the person skilled in the art. Details can be found, for example, in document WO 99/07 927, the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

In the context of the invention, additive polymers and / or copolymers in the form of bead polymers are particularly preferred, the particle size of which is in a particularly favorable range. Advantageously, according to the invention, for example Mixing into the melt of the fiber polymers to be used additive polymers and / or copolymers in the form of particles with an average diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. However, larger or smaller beads or granules can also be used. The additive polymers and / or copolymers can also already be contained in chips of the matrix polymer 5, so that metering is not necessary.

Additive polymers and / or copolymers which are amorphous and insoluble in the polyester matrix are also preferred. They preferably have a glass transition temperature of 90 to 200 ° C., the glass transition temperature being determined in a known manner, preferably by differential scanning calorimetry. Further details can be found in the prior art, for example the publication WO 99/07927, the disclosure of which is hereby explicitly referred to.

The additive polymer and / or copolymer is preferably selected such that the ratio of the melt viscosities of the additive polymer and / or copolymer and the matrix polymer is 0.8: 1 to 10: 1, preferably 1.5: 1 to 8: 1 , The

15 melt viscosity in a known manner using an oscillation rheometer at a

Oscillation frequency of 2.4 Hz and a temperature that is equal to the melting temperature of the matrix polymer plus 28 ° C, measured. For PTMT, the measuring temperature for the melt viscosity is 255 ° C. Further details can in turn be found in WO 99/07927. The melt viscosity of the additive polymer and / or

The copolymer is preferably higher than that of the matrix polymer, and it has been shown that the choice of a specific viscosity range for the additive polymer and / or copolymer and the choice of the viscosity ratio contribute to optimizing the properties of the thread produced. With an optimized viscosity ratio, it is possible to minimize the amount of additive polymer and / or copolymer added, which among other things also

'.5 the economy of the process is improved. The polymer mixture to be spun preferably contains 0.05 to 2.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.25 to 2.0% by weight of additive polymer and / or copolymer.

By choosing the favorable viscosity ratio, a narrow distribution of the particle sizes of the additive polymer and / or copolymer in the polymer matrix is achieved with the desired fibril structure of the additive polymer and / or copolymer in the thread. The glass transition temperature of the additive polymer and / or copolymer, which is high in comparison to the matrix polymer, ensures that this fibril structure is rapidly solidified in the filament. The maximum particle sizes of the additive polymer and / or copolymer are about 1000 nm immediately after emerging from the spinneret, while the mean

Particle size is 400 nm or less. After the spinning of the thread, the favorable fibril structure is achieved, in which the thread has at least 60% by weight of the additive polymer and / or copolymer in the form of fibrils with lengths in the range from 0.5 to 20 μm and diameters in the range from 0 , 01 to 0.5 μm included.

The polyesters which can be used in the context of the invention are preferably thermoplastic and can be spun into filaments and wound up. Those polyesters which have an intrinsic viscosity in the range from 0.70 dl / g to 0.95 dl / g are particularly advantageous.

A polymer melt can, for example, be taken directly from the end reactor of a polycondensation plant or can be produced from solid polymer chips in a melt extruder.

The spinning additive can be metered into the matrix polymer in a known manner, inter alia in molten or solid form, distributed homogeneously therein and dispersed into fine particles. A device according to DE 10022 889 can advantageously be used.

The process of the present invention is not limited to certain spinning processes; on the contrary, all conventional spinning processes known from the prior art can be used. Therefore, although a very particularly preferred spinning process is described below, reference is made to the general specialist knowledge, in particular to the disclosure of the book "Synthetic Fibers" by F. Foume (1995), published by Hanser Verlag in Munich. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the melt or melt mixture of the polyester is spun at constant speed, the speed being set according to a known calculation formula so that the desired thread titer is obtained, pressed into nozzle packs and through the nozzle holes of the nozzle plate Package extruded into molten filaments.

The melt can be produced, for example, from polymer chips in an extruder, it being particularly advantageous to dry the chips beforehand to a water content <30 ppm, in particular to a water content 15 15 ppm.

The temperature of the melt, which is commonly referred to as the spinning temperature and is measured in front of the spinning pump, depends on the melting point of the polymer or polymer mixture used. It is preferably in the range given by Formula 1:

Formula 1 :

T _m + 15 ° C <T _Sp <T _m + 45 ° C with

T _m : melting point of the polyester [° C] T _Sp : spinning temperature [° C].

The specified parameters serve to limit the hydrolytic and / or thermal viscosity reduction, which should expediently be as low as possible. In the context of the present invention, a viscosity reduction by less than 0.12 dl / g, in particular by less than 0.08 dl / g, is desirable.

The homogeneity of the melt has a direct influence on the material properties of the spun filaments. Therefore, in addition to static mixers in the product line, another static mixer with at least one element, which is installed after the spinning pump, is preferably used for homogenizing the melt.

The temperature of the nozzle plate, which is dependent on the spinning temperature, is regulated by its so-called trace heating. As trace heating come with for example "Diphyl" heated spinning beam or additional convection or radiant heater in question. The temperature of the nozzle plates is usually at the level of the spinning temperature.

A temperature increase on the nozzle plate can be achieved through the pressure drop in the nozzle package. Known derivations, such as, for example, K. Riggert "Advances in the Production of Polyester Tire Cord Yarn" Chemical fibers 21, page 379 (1971), describe a temperature increase of approximately 4 ° C. per 100 bar pressure drop.

It is also possible to control the nozzle pressure by using loose filter media, in particular steel sand with an average grain size between 0.10 mm and 1.2 mm, preferably between 0, 12 mm and 0.75 mm, and / or filter discs made of metal mesh or nonwovens with a fineness of <40 μm can be produced.

In addition, the pressure drop in the nozzle hole contributes to the total pressure. The nozzle pressure is preferably set between 80 bar and 450 bar, in particular between 100 bar and 250 bar.

The spinning delay i _Sp , ie the quotient of the take-off speed and

Spraying speed, is calculated according to US Pat. No. 5,250,245 using Formula 2 with the density of the polymer or the polymer mixture, the nozzle hole diameter and the titer of the single filament:

Formula 2: i _Sp = 2.25 »10 ⁵ « (δ «π)« D ² (cm) / dρf (den) with δ: density of the melt [g / cm ³ ]; for PTMT = 1.12 g cm ³

D: nozzle hole diameter [cm] dpf: titer of the single parliament [den]

Within the scope of the present invention, the spinning delay is advantageously between 70 and 500, in particular between 100 and 250. The length / diameter ratio of the nozzle hole is preferably chosen between 1.5 and 6, in particular between 1.5 and 4.

The extruded filaments pass through a cooling delay zone. Directly below the nozzle package, this is designed as a recess zone, in which the filaments emerging from the nozzle holes are protected from the direct action of the cooling gas and are delayed in delay or cooling. An active part of the recess is designed as an offset of the nozzle pack into the spinning beam, so that the filaments are surrounded by heated walls. A passive part is formed by insulation layers and unheated frames. The lengths of the active recess are expediently between 0 to 100 mm, those of the passive part are expediently between 20 to 120 mm, an overall length of 30-200 mm, in particular 30-120 mm, being preferably maintained.

As an alternative to the active return, a reheater can be installed below the spinning beam. In contrast to the active return, this zone with a cylindrical or rectangular cross section then has at least one heating independent of the spinning beam.

In the case of radial porous cooling systems concentrically surrounding the thread, the cooling delay can be achieved with the aid of cylindrical covers.

The filaments are then cooled to temperatures below their solidification temperature. According to the invention, the solidification temperature denotes the temperature at which the melt changes to the solid state.

In the context of the present invention, it has proven particularly expedient to cool the filaments to a temperature at which they are essentially no longer sticky. It is particularly advantageous to cool the filaments to temperatures below their crystallization temperature, in particular to temperatures below their glass transition temperature. Means for cooling the filaments are known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art. According to the invention, the use of cooling gases, in particular cooled air, has proven particularly useful. The cooling air preferably has a temperature of 12 ° C. to 35 ° C., in particular 16 ° C. to 26 ° C. The speed of the cooling air is advantageously in the range from 0.20 m / sec to 0.55 m / sec.

For cooling the filaments, for example, single thread systems can be used which consist of individual cooling tubes with a perforated wall. A cooling of each individual filament is achieved by active cooling air supply or also by using the self-suction effect of the filaments. As an alternative to the individual pipes, the known cross-flow blowing systems can also be used.

A special embodiment of the cooling and warping area is to supply the filaments emerging from the delay zone in a zone of length in the range from 10 to 175 cm, preferably in a zone of length in the range of 10 to 80 cm, of cooling air. A zone length in the range of 10 - 40 cm for filaments with a titer of less than 1.5 dtex per filament and a zone length in the range of 20 - 80 for filaments with a titer between 1.5 and 9.0 dtex per filament cm particularly suitable. Then the filaments and the air accompanying them are passed together through a reduced-cross-section channel, the ratio of the air to the thread speed during the drawing off being 0.2 to 20: 1, preferably 0.4, by controlling the cross-sectional taper and the dimensioning in the direction of the thread running up to 5: 1.

After the filaments have cooled to temperatures below the solidification temperature, they are bundled into a thread. The distance of the bundling from the underside of the nozzle, which is suitable according to the invention, can be determined by methods known to the person skilled in the art for online measurement of the thread speed and / or thread temperature, for example using a laser Doppler anemometer from TSI / D or an infrared camera from Goratec D type IRRIS 160, can be determined. It is advantageously 500 to 2500 mm, in particular 500 to 1800 mm. Filaments with a titer of <3.5 dtex preferably with a smaller distance <1500 mm, thicker filaments preferably bundled with a larger distance.

In the context of the present invention, it is expedient that preferably all surfaces which come into contact with the spun filament are made of particularly low-friction materials. In this way, fluff formation can be largely avoided, higher quality filaments are obtained. Low-friction surfaces of the "TriboFil" specification from Ceramtec / D have proven to be particularly suitable for this purpose.

The filaments are bundled in an oiling stone, which feeds the desired amount of spin finish evenly to the multifilament thread. A particularly suitable one

Oil stone is characterized by an inlet part, the thread channel with oil inlet and the outlet part. The inlet section is widened in a funnel shape so that contact with the still dry filaments is avoided. The point of impact of the filaments takes place within the thread channel after the preparation has flowed in. The width of the thread channel and oil inlet opening is adapted to the thread titer and the number of filaments.

Openings and widths in the range from 1.0 mm to 4.0 mm have proven particularly successful. The outlet part of the oiler is designed as an equalization section, which preferably has oil reservoirs. Such oilers can be obtained, for example, from Cermatec / D or Goulston / USA.

The uniformity of the oil application can be of great importance according to the invention. It can be determined, for example, with a Rossa measuring device in accordance with the method described in chemical fibers / textile industry, 42794, Nov. 1992 on page 896. With such a procedure, values for the standard deviation of the oil application of less than 90 digits, in particular less than 60 digits, are preferably obtained. According to the invention, values for the standard deviation of the oil application of less than 45 digits, in particular of less than 30 digits, are particularly preferred. A value for the standard deviation of 90 digits or 45 digits corresponds to approximately 6.2% or 3.1% of the coefficient of variation. In the context of the present invention, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to design lines and pumps to be self-degassing to avoid gas bubbles, since these can lead to a considerable fluctuation in oil application.

An entangling before winding the thread is particularly preferred according to the invention. In this case, nozzles with closed yarn channels have proven to be particularly suitable, since in such systems hooking of the thread in the insertion slot is avoided even with low thread tension and high air pressure. The entangling nozzles are preferably arranged between godets, the exit thread tension being regulated by means of different speeds of the inlet and outlet godets. It should not exceed 0.20 cN / dtex and should primarily have values between 0.05 cN / dtex and 0.15 cN / dtex. The air pressure of the entangling air is between 0.5 and 5.5 bar, with winding speeds up to 3500 m / min at a maximum of 3.0 bar.

Node numbers of at least 10 n / m are preferably set. Maximum opening lengths of less than 100 cm and values for the coefficient of variation of the number of nodes below 100% are of particular interest. When using air pressures above 1.0 bar, node numbers> 15 nm are advantageously verified, which are characterized by a high degree of uniformity, the coefficient of variation being less than or equal to 70% and the maximum opening length being 50 cm. In practice, systems of the type LD from Temco / D, the double system from Slack & Parr / USA, or nozzles of the type Polyjet from Heberlein have proven to be particularly suitable.

The peripheral speed of the first godet unit is referred to as the take-off speed. Further godet systems can be used before the thread in the winder unit is wound into bobbins (bobbins) on sleeves in order to stretch, heat-fix and / or relax the multifilament threads.

In the context of a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multifilament yarns are preferably heat-treated at a temperature in the range from 50 to 150 ° C. before being wound up, the heat treatment being able to be effected by any known method. It has proven to be particularly cheap proven to heat treat the polyester multifilament yarns using heated godets. Suitable godets for this purpose include those which are generally described in the book "Synthetic Fibers" by F. Foumέ (1995), published by the Hanser Verlag in Munich.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyester multifilament yarns are heat-treated using heated gases, in particular using heated air

According to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multifilament yarns are heat treated using radiant heat

The heat treatment of the multifilament yarns can also be achieved by running the thread in close proximity but essentially without contact along an elongated heating surface, a suitable embodiment of this method being described, for example, in the publication EP 731, 196.

Stable, error-free thread packages are a basic prerequisite for error-free thread withdrawal and for error-free further processing. For this purpose, it has proven to be particularly advantageous in the context of the present invention to have a winding tension in the range from 0.025 cN / dtex to 0.15 cN / dtex, preferably in the range from 0.03 cN / dtex to 0.08 cN / to use dtex.

Another important parameter of the method according to the invention is the setting of the thread tension before and between the take-off godets. As is known, this tension essentially consists of the actual orientation tension according to Hamana, the friction tension on the thread guides and the oiler and the thread-air friction tension. In the context of the present invention, the thread tension before and between the take-off godets is expediently in the range from 0.05 cN / dtex to 0.20 cN / dtex, in particular between 0.08 cN / dtex and 0.15 cN / dtex. A too low tension below 0.05 cN / dtex usually no longer results in the desired degree of pre-orientation. If the tension exceeds 0.20 cN / dtex, this tension often triggers a memory effect when winding and storing the bobbins, which leads to a deterioration in the thread characteristics.

According to the invention, the voltage is caused by the oiler distance from the nozzle

Friction surfaces and the length of the distance between the oiler and the trigger godet are regulated. This line length is advantageously not more than 6.0 m, preferably less than 2.0 m, the spinning mill and the take-off machine being arranged by means of a parallel construction in such a way that straight thread running is ensured.

The conditioning parameters of the thread between the bundling point and the winding are also described by the geometric parameters. The rapid relaxation during this time influences the quality of the coil structure. The conditioning time defined in this way is preferably chosen between 50 and 200 ms.

According to the invention, the winding speed of the POY is preferably between 2200 m / min and 6000 m / min. A speed between 2500 m / min and 6000 m / min is favorably selected. The polymer mixtures are particularly preferably wound up at speeds in the range from 3500 m / min to 6000 m / min.

In the context of the present invention, the thread winding package of the polyester multifilament yarn is heat-treated at a temperature in the range from> 45 ° C. to 65 ° C. The duration of the heat treatment can be chosen arbitrarily; however, it is naturally significantly longer than that of the known filament treatment methods, e.g. B. by means of godets or heating rails. According to the invention, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to heat-treat the thread winding packages for at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 10 minutes, expediently at least 20 minutes, in particular at least 30 minutes, in the above-mentioned temperature range, the corresponding times being understood such that they start from the beginning of the winding process can be measured. The heat treatment can be carried out in any known manner. Suitable methods include u. a those in which the principle of heat treatment is based on heat conduction, heat flow (heat convection) and / or heat radiation. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thread winding package is heat-treated using heated rollers or rollers, preferably using at least one contact roller, which simultaneously measures and controls the winding speed. According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thread winding package is heat treated using radiant heat.

According to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the

Thread winding package heat treated using heated gases. Suitable gases include air and inert gases such as nitrogen, helium and / or argon. The use of heated air has proven to be particularly favorable in this context. The temperature of the heated gases is preferably adjusted such that it is ensured that the temperature within the housing is in the range from> 45 ° C. to 65 ° C. Therefore, the temperature of the heated gases is preferably in the range of> 45 ° C to 65 ° C. The relative humidity of the gases is preferably in the range from 40 to 90%. The flow rate of the gases at the gas inlet is preferably in the range from 5 to 100 m ³ / h.

The heat treatment of the thread winding packages is preferably carried out using a device for winding one or more multifilament games comprising a housing and a rotatable spindle, on which sleeves can be fastened in such a way that the sleeves are housed within the housing. The heat treatment is expediently carried out inside the housing, preferably by heating the thread winding package by heat conduction, heat flow and / or heat radiation.

In this context, the rotatable spindle is part of a winder. The at least one sleeve is clamped on the chuck of the rotatable spindle and the at least one multifilament yarn is wound on the at least one sleeve by at least one To form thread winding package. After winding, the at least one sleeve that carries the thread winding package can be removed from the chuck.

In the context of the present invention, any type of winder known from the prior art can be used as long as the objectives according to the invention are achieved. For further details, reference is therefore made to the specialist literature, in particular to the book "Synthetic Fibers" by F. Fourne (1995), published by Hanser-Verlag, Munich. As with the conventional winders known in the prior art, it is also in the frame According to the present invention, it is possible to wind up one or more, in particular 1 to 12, multifilament yarns simultaneously on a spindle, with the simultaneous winding of as many multifilament games as possible being particularly preferred according to the invention in order to improve the efficiency of the spinning process.

The housing of the device for winding one or more multifilament yarns can be made of any known material. However, it has proven to be particularly advantageous for the housing to be made from a heat-insulating material, which is preferably also sound-insulating. Suitable materials include Plastics, especially plastics with a glass transition temperature> 65 ° C, metals such as stainless steel and metal alloys. The heat-insulating material can have a single-layer or a multi-layer structure having two, three or more layers. The heat-insulating material preferably has a thermal conductivity coefficient <10 W / (m * K), expediently <1 W / (m * K), in particular <0.5 W / (m * K), and most preferably <0, 1 W / (m * K). Particularly advantageous results are achieved if the heat and preferably sound-insulating material has three layers, the middle layer consisting of an insulating material with a thermal conductivity coefficient <0.1 W / (m * K) and the outer layers preferably a metal or Include metal alloy, suitably consist of a metal or a metal alloy.

The size of the housing is preferably dimensioned such that the winder is either completely or at least the chuck with the maximum diameter of the sleeve including the thread winding package. It has also proven to be advantageous that additional winding equipment, preferably comprising a contact roller for controlling the winding speed and preferably a traversing device, is also housed. This minimum size of the housing allows a faultless winding process of a high quality yarn.

On the other hand, it is also advantageous to minimize the size of the case

To enable standard working conditions outside of the housing in the winding space and to minimize the costs that arise when heating the interior of the housing. The housing should preferably allow the introduction of multi-filament games in a simple manner, the easy removal of the thread winding packages and the production of thread winding packages with a high weight, preferably greater than 2 kg, in particular greater than 4 kg.

In the context of a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment of the thread winding package is carried out by means of at least one heated gas inside the housing, the gas (or the gases) preferably being passed through an inlet into the housing and preferably being removed from the housing through an outlet. It has proven to be particularly advantageous here that the inlet and the outlet are connected to one another in such a way that the gas can be circulated in a circuit which comprises the inlet and the outlet. From the point of view of the direction of movement of the game, the gas is expediently fed in behind the sleeve and removed in front of the sleeve. Although the gas can also be heated inside the housing, it is preferably heated outside the housing in order to ensure a constant and uniform temperature distribution inside the housing.

In the context of this embodiment, it is particularly expedient to measure the temperature inside the housing by means of at least one temperature sensor and to adapt the temperature of the gas by suitable heating, preferably outside the housing, in such a way that the temperature inside the housing is in the range of> 45 ° C falls to 65 ° C. The temperature sensor and a heating element for heating the gas are preferably connected to one another in such a way that the temperature of the gas can be controlled within a predetermined range, preferably in a range from> 45 ° C. to 65 ° C. The temperature inside the housing is expediently measured, compared with the predetermined value and, depending on the temperature deviation, the temperature of the heated gas is suitably adapted (increased, decreased or maintained), so that the temperature within the housing falls within the desired range.

Furthermore, it is expedient to measure the temperature inside the housing at at least two points, preferably in front of and behind the sleeve from the perspective of the direction of movement of the game, in order to check and to ensure that the temperature inside the housing is constant. The occurrence of a temperature gradient should be avoided by suitably adjusting the gas temperature and / or its flow rate.

For the introduction of the multifilament game before the start of winding, the housing preferably has an opening, an opening in the form of a slot being particularly preferred. The slot is preferably arranged in such a way that the multifilament game can be introduced transversely from the point of view of the direction of movement of the game. Advantageously, the slot is partially covered during winding by suitable means to isolate the interior of the housing from its surroundings, so that a possible temperature gradient within the housing is avoided as best as possible. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cover is in the form of a flap attached to the outside of the housing, which can partially cover the slot during the spinning and winding process and which can be opened to insert the multifilament game. The flap preferably has one or more cutouts through which the multifilament yarns can get into the housing when the flap is closed. The position and the size of the one or more cutouts are selected in a suitable manner depending on the traversing length of the thread winding package.

The winding device that can be used according to this embodiment preferably comprises a traversing device in order to control the specific shape of the thread winding package. The present invention is not limited to the use of specific ones Traversing devices limited, on the contrary any known traversing device can be used as long as the objects of the present invention are achieved.

In the context of this embodiment of the present invention, the position of the traversing device is not subject to any restrictions, for example it can be arranged outside the housing, preferably directly above the opening for introducing the multifilament game into the housing, the opening preferably being in the form of a slot, which can be covered by a flap comprising one or more cutouts. The slot preferably runs parallel to the sleeve. The length of the recess slots is selected in a suitable manner depending on the traversing length.

Nevertheless, the traversing device is preferably arranged inside the housing, from the point of view of the direction of movement of the yarn, expediently in front of the sleeve on which the multifilament is wound. In this way it is possible to minimize the size of the opening, so that the occurrence of a temperature gradient within the housing is suppressed as best as possible. In this case too, the opening is preferably in the form of a slot which can be covered by a flap comprising one or more cutouts, the slot preferably running parallel to the sleeve.

In order to remove the thread winding package from the device according to the present invention, the latter can be opened in a suitable manner, it being particularly advantageous that this opening is provided in the form of a closable opening which can be closed during spinning and winding in order to maintain a constant To ensure temperature within the housing. A particularly preferred embodiment of the closable opening is a door that can be opened to introduce the multifilament game or to remove the resulting thread winding package and that can be closed during spinning and winding. The closable opening is preferably arranged on the end face of the housing. Opening the door on the short side to remove the winding packs when the dome in the winding position is automatically changed has proven to be uncritical. A particularly suitable embodiment of the device is shown schematically in FIG. The winding device 2 comprises a housing 4. In the embodiment shown, the housing 4 has the shape of a housing with a lower wall 6, an upper wall 8, two side walls 10, 12, a front wall 14 and a rear wall 16, the top wall 8 shows in the direction of the incoming multifilament yarns. The front wall 14 has the function of a door, ie the housing 4 can be opened or closed by the front wall 14. A drive unit 18 is provided on the rear wall 16 outside the housing 4.

The upper wall 8 has an opening 20 in the form of a slot which extends from the front wall 14 in the direction of the rear wall 16 and which runs parallel to the side walls 10, 12. In this case, the opening 20 is partially covered by a flap 22, which comprises the recess 24, which offer the multifilament games 26 the possibility of getting into the housing 4 through the opening 20. Since the opening 20 extends to the front wall 14, multifilament game 26 can be introduced from the side of the housing 4 when the front wall 14 and the flap 22 are open

In the direction of movement of the multifilament yarn 26, which is represented by the arrow A in FIG. I, a traversing unit 28 is arranged inside the housing 4 behind the opening 20. The traversing unit 28 is connected to and is driven by the drive unit 18 on the rear wall 16. From the point of view of the direction of movement A of the multifilament game 26, four sleeves 30, for example, are clamped on the chuck of a rotatable spindle which is arranged behind the traversing unit 28 within the housing 4. The spindle is connected to the drive unit 18 such that the spindle and the sleeves 30, which are clamped on the spindle, can be rotated along their axis during the operation of the drive unit 18.

Within the housing 4, two temperature sensors 32 are arranged in order to measure the temperature inside the housing and to control the heat flow, wherein from the point of view of the direction of movement A of the multifilament game 26, one sensor 32 behind the sleeve 30 and the other sensor in front of the sleeve 30 is arranged. The housing 4 further comprises an outlet 34, which is arranged in the upper wall 8, and an inlet 36, which is arranged in the rear wall 16. Ie from the point of view of the direction of movement A of the multifilament game 26, the outlet 34 is arranged in front of the sleeve 30 and the inlet 36 behind the sleeve 30. The outlet 34 can optionally be connected to a heating and blower unit 38 via a circuit 40, which is shown by a dashed line in FIG. 1, in order to circulate the heated gas and to minimize the process costs. The inlet 36 is connected to the heating and blower unit 38 via the keel run 42. The heater and blower unit 38 heats the gas, such as air, and blows the gas in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 1 so that the gas is circulated through the housing 4. The temperature in the range in which of the sleeves is arranged can be controlled by controlling the setting parameters of the heating and blower unit 38 on the basis of the values measured by the sensors 32.

The operation of the device 2 described above is described below. First, the multifilament yarns 26, preferably by means of a pneumatic

Thread suction gun, are fixed on the sleeves that are clamped on the chuck 30. For this reason, the front wall 14 and the flap 22 must be opened so that the multifilament yarns 26 can be inserted into the slit-like opening 20. After the multifilament game 26 has been introduced into the opening 20 and the threading process to be carried out by the winder control has been started, the front wall 14 and the flap 22 can be closed again, so that each multifilament game runs through its separate recess 24 in the flap. The threads running onto the sleeves 30 form the thread winding packages 44 under the action of the thread traversing. During the winding of the multifilament threads 26, a heated gas is passed into the housing 4 through the inlet 36, around the housing and the thread winding packages 44 on the sleeves 30 to warm up. The heated gas is fed via the outlet 34 to the heating and blower unit 38, in order in this way to reach a preselected temperature for the thread winding packages 44 and the multifilaments 26. The method of the present invention permits the manufacture of thread winding packages 44 on the sleeves 30 with a cheese-like shape, as is shown schematically in FIG. 2. Shrinking and deformation of the thread winding packages 44 during storage or shrinking such that the thread winding package can no longer be removed from the chuck, and the formation of a saddle 50 with hard edges 52, as is shown schematically in FIG. 3, is no longer observed. There are therefore no unwinding problems during the further processing of the thread winding packages. The polyester thread winding packages which can be obtained according to the present method have improved long-term storage stability and are insensitive to elevated temperatures during storage and transport. In particular, they retain their beneficial properties and cheese-like shape even when stored for a long period of time, such as 4 weeks.

After 4 weeks of storage under normal conditions, the polyester multifilament yarn obtainable according to the invention has a) an elongation at break between> 60% and 165%, preferably between 75 and 145% b) a boiling shrinkage of 0 to 10%, c) a normal uster below of 1.1%, preferably ≤ 0.9%, d) a variation coefficient of the breaking load <4.5%, and e) a variation coefficient of the elongation at break <4.5%.

The term “normal conditions” is known to the person skilled in the art and is defined by the standard DIN 53802. Under “normal conditions” according to DIN 53802, the temperature is 20 ± 2 ° C. and the relative humidity is 65 ± 2%.

In the context of the present invention, it is also particularly advantageous that the cooking shrinkage measured between 0 and 10% directly after winding up and after 4 weeks of storage under normal conditions decreases by less than 2% abs. reduced In transport conditions up to 65 ° C, the shrinkage can naturally only be reduced by a maximum of 10% abs. humiliate. Surprisingly, it has been shown that POY coils produced in this way can be processed very well, with higher draw ratios compared to spinning can be used without an elongation enhancer and the drawn or stretch-textured yarn has a high strength and an even dyeing. The positive ratio of high elongation and low boiling shrinkage in the POY can only be achieved by the inventive method of heat treatment with comparatively long residence times, which are far above that of

Filament treatment methods e.g. lying alone by means of godets or heating rails and relatively low temperatures are obtained.

Methods for determining the specified material parameters are well known to the person skilled in the art. They can be found in the specialist literature. Although most of the parameters can be determined in different ways, the following methods for determining the filament parameters have proven to be particularly useful in the context of the present invention:

The intrinsic viscosity is measured in a capillary viscometer from Ubbelohde at 25 ° C and calculated using a known formula. A mixture of phenol / 1,2-dichlorobenzene in a weight ratio of 3: 2 is used as the solvent. The concentration of the solution is 0.5 g polyester per 100 ml solution.

A calorimeter DSC device from Mettler is used to determine the melting point, the crystallization temperature and the glass transition temperature. The sample is first heated and melted up to 280 ° C and then quenched. The DSC measurement takes place in the range from 20 ° C to 280 ° C with a heating rate of 10 K / min. The temperature values are determined by the processor.

The density of multifilaments is determined in a density gradient column at a temperature of 23 + 0.1 ° C. N-Heptane (C ₇ H, ₆ ) and carbon tetrachloride (CC1 ₄ ) are used as reagents. The result of the density measurement can be used to calculate the degree of crystallinity by using the density of the amorphous polyester D _a and the density of the crystalline polyester D _k . The corresponding calculation is known from the literature, for example, for PTMT D _B = 1.295 g cm ³ and D _k = 1.429 g / cm ³ . The titer is determined in a known manner using a precision weight and a weighing device. The pre-tension is expediently 0.05 cN / dtex for pre-oriented filaments (POYs) and 0.2 cN / dtex for textured yarn (DTY).

The tensile strength and the elongation at break are determined in a Statimat measuring device under the following conditions; the clamping length is 200 mm for POY or 500 mm for DTY, the measuring speed is 2000 mm / min for POY or 1500 mm / min for DTY, the preload is 0.05 cN / dtex for POY or 0.2 cN / dtex for DTY. The tensile strength is determined by dividing the values for the maximum tear load by the titer, and the elongation at break is evaluated at maximum load.

To determine the shrinkage, strands of multifilaments are treated without tension in water at 95 ± 1 ° C for 10 ± 1 min. The strands are produced using a willow with a pretension of 0.05 cN / dtex for POY or 0.2 cN / dtex for DTY; The length measurement of the strands before and after the temperature treatment takes place at 0.2 cN / dtex. The cooking shrinkage is calculated in a known manner from the difference in length.

The crimp parameters of the textured multifilaments are measured in accordance with DIN 53840, Part 1 using the Stein / D texture data at a development temperature of 120 ° C.

The normal Uster values are determined with the Uster tester 4-CX and specified as Uster% values. The test time is 2.5 min at a test speed of 100 m / min.

The theoretically calculated maximum draw ratio (Example 1-3) is obtained due to the addition of the elongation additive at higher spinning speeds than without additive, which means an economic advantage in terms of capacity. It is between 1.6 and 2.65, preferably between 1.75 and 2.45.

The polyester multifilament yarn according to the invention can be processed further in a simple manner, in particular stretch-textured. In the context of the present invention, the stretch texturing is preferably carried out at a texturing speed of at least 500 m / min, particularly preferably at a texturing speed of at least 700 m / min. The draw ratio is preferably at least 1: 1.35, in particular at least 1: 1.40. Stretch texturing on a machine of the high-temperature heater type, such as the AFK from Barmag, has proven to be particularly useful.

The bulky filaments produced in this way have a small number of fluff and, after dyeing under cooking conditions with a disperse dye without a carrier, have excellent color depth and color uniformity.

Bulky SET filaments produced according to the invention preferably have a tensile strength of more than 20 cN / tex and an elongation at break of more than 32%. In the case of bulky HE filaments which can be obtained in a second heater without the use of temperature, the tensile strength is preferably more than 20 cN / tex and the elongation at break is more than 30%.

The bulk and elasticity behavior of the multifilaments according to the invention is excellent.

The invention is explained in more detail below by examples, without the invention being restricted to these examples.

Examples 1 to 3

Spinning and winding

PTMT chips with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.93 dl / g, a melt viscosity of 325 Pa s (measured at 2.4 Hz and 255 ° C), a melting point of 227 ° C, one

Crystallization temperature of 72 ° C and a glass transition temperature of 45 ° C were dried at a temperature of 130 ° C in a tumble dryer to a water content of 11 ppm.

The chips were melted in a 3E4 extruder from Barmag, so that the temperature of the melt was 255 ° C. Different amounts of this melt were used Polymethyl methacrylate of the Plexiglas 7N commercial type from Röhm GmbH / D was added as an elongation additive, which had previously been dried to a residual moisture content of less than 0.1%.

For this purpose, the additive polymer was melted by means of a melt extruder and fed to the feed device with a gear metering pump and fed there through an injection nozzle in the flow direction of the polyester component. In a static mixer from Sulzer, type SMX with 15 elements and an inner diameter of 15 mm, both melts were mixed homogeneously with one another and finely dispersed.

The melt viscosity of the Plexiglas 7N type was 810 Pa s (2.4 Hz, 255 ° C.), with which the ratio of additive and polyester melt viscosity was 2.5: 1.

The amount of melt transported was 63 g min with a dwell time of 6 min, the amount metered into the nozzle pack by the spinning pump was set such that the POY titer was approximately 102 dtex. Different winding speeds were set. An element of a static mixer, type HD-CSE with 10 mm inside diameter from Fluitec was installed after the spinning pump before entering the nozzle package. The trace heating of the product line and spinning block, which contained the pump and the nozzle package, were set to 255 ° C. The nozzle package contained steel sand with a grain size of 350-500 μm with a height of 30 mm as well as a 20 μm fleece and a 40 μm fabric filter. The melt was extruded through a die plate 80 mm in diameter and 34 holes with a diameter of 0.25 mm and a length of 1.0 mm. The nozzle pressure was approximately 120-140 bar.

The cooling delay zone was 100 mm long, with 30 mm heated wall and 70 mm insulation and unheated frame. The melt filaments were then cooled in a blow shaft with cross-flow blowing with a blow length of 1500 mm. The cooling air had a speed of 0.35 m / sec, a temperature of 18 ° C and a relative humidity of 80%. The solidification point of the filaments was about 800 mm below the spinneret. With the help of a thread oiler at a distance of 1050 mm from the nozzle, the threads were provided with spinning preparation and bundled. The oiler was designed with a TriboFil surface and had an inlet opening of 1 mm in diameter. The amount of preparation applied was 0.40% based on the thread weight.

The bundled multifilament thread was then fed to the winding machine. The distance between the oiler and the first extraction godet was 3.2 m. The conditioning time was between 95 and 140 ms. A pair of godets was wrapped in an S-shaped thread. A Temco entangling nozzle was installed between the godets and operated at an air pressure of 1.5 bar. In accordance with the speed setting, the winding speed of the SW6 winder from Barmag was set in such a way that the winding thread tension was approximately 6 cN. The winder was installed in a box, into which air was introduced from an air heater and by means of a blower and which was regulated in such a way that a temperature of 63 ° C with a fluctuation of + was about 20 cm away from the running package in the inside of the box / - set 1.5 ° C.

A significant increase in productivity was achieved for all additive amounts. 10 kg spools were produced, which could be easily removed from the spool dome. The POY-Game are characterized by good temporal constancy of the yarn properties over the storage period of 4 weeks in a normal climate according to DIN 53802. The boiling shrinkage values were determined directly after spinning and winding in the range from 5 to 8% and were less than 2% abs. higher than those of the stored coils. The texturability and the dye uniformity achieved were excellent. The maximum draw ratio to be used was surprisingly high for the POY speeds used. As the maximum draw ratio (VV) to be used, we adhered to the definition in EPS 0080274, page 6, line 51: W = (1 + POY elongation (%) / 100). To simulate a transport, coils of these settings were placed in a thermal chamber 20 Exposed to a temperature of 60 ° C for hours. The bobbin shape and the textile characteristics changed only insignificantly. Comparative Example 4

The procedure was as in Example 1 with the following differences. The additive dosing system was disconnected from the product line so that no elongation enhancer was fed. Furthermore, the winder box was removed and in the vicinity of the winding package a temperature of 34 ° C was set at the same measuring point at a room temperature of 24 ° C.

Due to the lack of elongation enhancer, a lower elongation compared to Example 1 and thus a lower maximum W is obtained. The capacity and thus the economy of the spinning station is reduced accordingly. The inadequate heat treatment of the thread winding leads to a boil-off shrinkage of approx. 53%, which decreases by 9% abs. reduced to 44%. A subsequent 60 ^o C treatment as above reduces the cooking shrinkage by about 40% abs.

The other parameters and characteristics are listed in Tables 1 to 4.

Table 1: Test parameters

absolute: based on the titer

Table 1: Test parameters (continued!)

, absolutely ² : based on the titer

Table 2: Material properties of the pre-oriented PTMT filaments ¹

CV: coefficient of variation

^1st measured after 4 weeks of storage under normal conditions Table 2: Material properties of the pre-oriented PTMT filaments ¹

CV: coefficient of variation

": measured after 4 weeks of storage under normal conditions

drawtexturizing

The PTMT filament bobbins of Examples 1 and 2 were stored for four weeks in a normal climate in accordance with DIN 53802 and then presented to a stretch texturing machine from Barmag, type FK6-S-900. The test parameters of the stretch texturing for the production of so-called SET filaments are shown in Table 3, the material properties of the resulting bulky SET filaments are summarized in Table 4

The texturing errors were recorded using Fima Barmag's UNITENS with the following limit settings: UP / LP = 3.0 cN, UM LM * 6.0 cN.

Table 3: Test parameters of the triangular texture

F -CV: coefficient of variation of F

Table 4: Material properties of the stretch-textured filaments

Claims

claims:

1. Process for the production and winding of pre-oriented polyester multifilament games, which consist of at least 85 wt .-% based on the total weight of the multifilament yarn made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) and between 0.05 wt .-% and 2.5

% By weight, based on the total weight of the multifilament yarn, of at least one additive polymer as an elongation-increasing agent, characterized in that a long-term storage-stable thread winding package is provided which is insensitive to elevated temperatures during storage and transport, by the thread winding package of the polyester multifilament -Gams at a temperature irn

Range from> 45 ° C to 65 ° C heat treated

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread winding package is heat-treated using heated rolls or rollers.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one

Thread winding package heat treated using radiant heat.

4. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thread winding package is heat-treated using heated gases.

5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thread winding package is heat-treated within a housing which surrounds the sleeve with the thread winding package.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a gas is passed through an inlet into the housing.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas is removed from the housing through an outlet.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas is circulated in a circuit which comprises the inlet and the outlet.

9. The method according to claim 7 and / or 8, characterized in that in

Direction of movement of the game supplies the gas behind the sleeve and exhausts it in front of the sleeve.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas is heated outside the housing.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the temperature inside the housing is measured and the temperature of the gas is adjusted by suitable heating such that the temperature inside the housing is in the range from> 45 ° C to 65 ° C.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one winds up the thread winding package in such a way that it has a cheese-like shape

13. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one polyester multifilament yarn is heat-treated at a temperature in the range from 50 ° C to 150 ° C before winding.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one polyester multifilament yarn is heat-treated using heatable godets.

15. The method according to claim 13 and / or 14, characterized in that the at least one polyester multifilament yarn is heat-treated using heated gases.

16. The method according to at least one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the at least one polyester multifilament yarn is heat-treated using radiant heat.

17. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a) the spinning delay is set in the range from 70 to 500, b) the filaments are passed through a cooling delay zone of 30 mm to 200 mm in length directly after emerging from the spinneret, c ) the filaments cool below the solidification temperature, d) the filaments at a distance between 500 mm and 2500 mm in length from the

The underside of the nozzle bundles, e) sets the thread tension in front of and between the take-off godets between 0.05 cN / dtex to 0.20 cN / dtex, f) winds the thread with a thread tension between 0.025 cN / dtex and 0.15 cN / dtex.

18. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding speed is set between 2200 m / min and 600O m / min.

19. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that PBT and or PTMT with an intrinsic viscosity in

Range from 0.7 dl / g to 0.95 dl / g.

20. Preoriented polyester multifilament yarns obtainable by a process according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after four weeks of storage under normal conditions according to DIN 53802 a) an elongation at break between 75% and 145%, b) a boiling shrinkage in the area from 0 to 10%, c) a normal uster below 1.1%, d) a coefficient of variation of the breaking load ≤ 4.5% and e) a coefficient of variation of the elongation at break <4.5%.

21. A process for the production of bulky yarns, characterized in that multi-filament yarns according to claim 20 in a stretch texturing machine at a

Speed of at least 500 m / min stretch textured.

22. Bulky polyester SET filaments obtainable by a method according to claim 21, characterized in that their tensile strength is more than 20 cN / tex and the elongation at break is more than 32%.

23. Bulky polyester HE filaments obtainable by a process according to claim 21, characterized in that their tensile strength is more than 20 cN / tex and the elongation at break is more than 30%.