WO2003074510A1 - Dithiolan-derivate zur immobilisierung von biomolekülen auf edelmetallen und halbleitern - Google Patents
Dithiolan-derivate zur immobilisierung von biomolekülen auf edelmetallen und halbleitern Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having sulfur atoms, with or without selenium or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/655345—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having sulfur atoms, with or without selenium or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms the sulfur atom being part of a five-membered ring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D339/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D339/02—Five-membered rings
- C07D339/04—Five-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2, e.g. lipoic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2565/00—Nucleic acid analysis characterised by mode or means of detection
- C12Q2565/60—Detection means characterised by use of a special device
- C12Q2565/607—Detection means characterised by use of a special device being a sensor, e.g. electrode
Definitions
- Dithiolane derivatives for immobilizing biomolecules on precious metals and semiconductors are Dithiolane derivatives for immobilizing biomolecules on precious metals and semiconductors
- the present invention relates to dithiolane derivatives, conjugates of the dithiolane derivatives with organic chemical or biochemical molecules, processes for producing the dithiolane derivatives and the conjugates, a coated noble metal or semiconductor structure which comprises a noble metal coated substrate or a semiconductor carrier and a dithiolan derivative immobilized thereon or a conjugate according to the invention, a biochip which contains the noble metal or semiconductor structure according to the invention and the use of the dithiolan derivatives according to the invention for immobilizing organochemical or biochemical Molecules on precious metals, precious metal alloys or semiconductors.
- oligonucleotide chips or "DNA microarrays” or “oligonucleotide microarrays”
- biomolecules that are immobilized on different types of, for example, particulate, in particular spherical, carriers. It is not relevant whether the biomolecules such as oligonucleotides from monomeric or oligomeric synthons 1968
- the anchoring on the surface is stable and functional, i.e. It is ensured, for example, that the immobilized organic-chemical or biological-chemical molecules, such as oligonucleotides, peptides, etc., do not detach even under repeated or multiple use under the conditions of use.
- the grafted (immobilized) molecule e.g. can also be split off for the purpose of analysis under certain conditions.
- the binding energy of the interaction of elemental gold with (alkane) thiols is of the order of about 30 to about 40 kcal / mol (Nuzzo et al. (1986) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109: 2358-2368; Nuzzo et al. (1990) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112: 558-569).
- the interaction of gold and other noble metals with vicinal dithiol compounds should be considerably more stable, since the binding energy per molecule increases here (Wang et al. (1998) J. Phys. Chem. B, 102: 9922-9927; Cheng et al. (1995) Anal. Chem. 67: 2767-2775).
- lipoic acid constructs are known in the prior art which are used in particular for immobilizing biomolecules on gold surfaces; see. e.g. Madoz et al. (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119: 1043-1051; Blonder et al. (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120: 9335-9341; Stevenson et al. (2002) J. Nanosci. Nanotech. 2; 397-404; Kim et al. (2002) Langmuir 18: 1460-1462.
- these lipoic acid conjugates have significant disadvantages.
- Et al the (bio) molecule to be conjugated with the lipoic acid derivative must first be derivatized accordingly in order to make it accessible for reaction with the lipoylation reagent.
- Holupirek (dissertation, University of Ulm, section Polymers, 1976) describes the possibility of attaching lipoic acid as a substituent to oligonucleotides and using these substituents to purify the target oligonucleotide from the product mixture of solid-phase synthesis via affinity chromatography on organic mercury columns.
- the method proved to be impractical, which was due in particular to the very inefficient introduction of the lipoic acid residue into oligonucleotides.
- regeneration of the lipoylated oligonucleotide was difficult after affinity purification.
- the bridge link R 1 does not have to be present, but can consist of an optionally substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or heteroaliphatic chain, which can be saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, but can also be an aromatic radical or contain aromatic radicals and will typically include between 0 and 20 carbon atoms.
- Preferred bridge members are, for example, corresponding single or multiple methylene groups such as methylene, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexamethylene.
- a particularly preferred bridge member R 1 is a tetramethylene group.
- R 2 and R 3 of the diol spacer can be the same or different and are in principle not particularly restricted. They can be selected independently of one another from aliphatic and heteroaliphatic groups, which can be saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched and / or optionally substituted and usually comprise 1 to 10 C atoms. However, R 2 and R 3 can also be corresponding substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups or contain them.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are preferably selected such that a number of C atoms differ from the dithiolane Group up to the group -OR 4 or -OR 5 results from about 5 to about 20, with saturated aliphatic or heteroaliphatic groups being preferred as sterically less problematic groups.
- the radical R 2 of the diol spacer is therefore preferably selected from (CH 2 ) n groups, where n is an integer from 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5. Spacers in which R 2 is methylene (CH 2 ) are particularly preferred.
- the hydroxyl groups of the diol spacer in the dithiolane derivative of the above formula A according to the invention are identical or differently substituted or unsubstituted.
- the radicals R 4 and R 5 can therefore both be, for example, both an H atom or an acid-labile protective group, for example dimethoxytrityl or a related group.
- the radicals R 4 and R 5 are preferably different.
- R 4 is H and R 5 is an acid-labile protective group or vice versa (cf. in this connection the specific examples of the reaction schemes shown in FIGS. 1 to 3).
- Suitable acid-labile protective groups such as dimethoxytrityl and similar groups, are known to a person skilled in the art and are described, for example, by Seliger in Beaucage et al. (Ed.) Current Protocols in Nucleic Acid and Chemistry, Vol. 1: 2.3.1-2.3.34, Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000. The relevant disclosure content of this document is hereby incorporated in full by reference into the present invention.
- Protective groups of this type are particularly suitable for coupling reactions with nucleic acids such as oligonucleotides.
- Further substituents of the hydroxyl groups of the diol spacer are amino and / or hydroxy coupling groups.
- Coupling groups of this type are known in the prior art and are correspondingly activatable residues, for example those residues which are used to anchor biomolecules, in particular oligonucleotides, but also low molecular weight organic chemical molecules, on supports containing amino or hydroxyl groups, for example appropriate polymer carriers, for example long-chain amino-CPG, in particular aminopropyl-CPG, can be used.
- Such coupling groups are in particular dicarbonyl groups such as a succinyl group.
- Other amino and / or hydroxy coupling groups which are preferably used in accordance with the present invention are phosporamidite groups, for example a beta-cyanoethoxy-diisopropylaminophosphane radical.
- the coupling group as an activatable radical, enables the dithiolane bridge-spacer unit to be linked to a hydroxyl or amino group.
- Particularly preferred dithiolane derivatives of the present invention are those in which R 4 is H or an acid-labile protective group, for example a dimethoxytrityl group, and R 5 is a dicarbonyl group, in particular a succinyl group. Conversely, it can also be R 5 H or an acid-labile protective group and R 4 can be a dicarbonyl group.
- Particularly preferred embodiments of such a dithiolane derivative are designed such that the dicarbonyl group, for example a succinyl group, is covered with a polymer carrier an amide or ester bond is connected.
- Such a particularly preferred dithiolane derivative of the present invention is a dithiolane modifier shown in the following formula I, in this case a lipoic acid modifier:
- R 4 in the above formula AH or again an acid-labile protective group (for example a dimethoxytrityl group) and R 5 in the above formula A is a phosphoramidite group, where the substituents R 4 and R 5 may also be reversed.
- An N, N-diisopropyl-beta-cyanoethoxyphosphoramidite as R 5 or R 4 is very particularly preferred.
- the dithiolane derivative according to the invention is excellently suitable for introducing dithiolane groups (with an attached bridge member) into (low molecular weight) organochemical compounds and biochemical molecules which have amino and / or hydroxyl groups.
- Another object of the present invention therefore forms a conjugate of the dithiolane derivative as defined above and an organic chemical or biochemical molecule containing at least one amino or hydroxyl group, which conjugate the group via the amino or hydroxyl group -R 4 or the group -R 5 in formula A above.
- the corresponding lipoic acid derivative is particularly suitable for this inventive use of the dithiolane derivative, since this substituent, when applied to a noble metal surface, such as a gold surface, provides high binding energy.
- derivatives of the present invention derived from lipoic acid form particularly easily controllable SAMs.
- lipoic acid is easily available as a starting material and at an affordable price.
- the lipoic acid substituent is a naturally occurring biological molecule, which is why this substituent is used, for example, in medical-therapeutic or medical-diagnostic applications of immobilized or non-immobilized corresponding conjugates, for example oligonucleotides, especially one Antisense or antigen therapy poses less or no risk of toxicity.
- other compounds which have the characteristic dithiolane radical can also be used as a substituent in the dithiolane derivative according to the invention and thus also in the conjugate according to the invention.
- the organic-chemical or biological-chemical molecule in the conjugate according to the invention is generally understood to mean any such compound which has at least one amino or hydroxyl group.
- the organic-chemical molecule is, for example, a low-molecular organic-chemical compound with a molecular weight of, for example, ⁇ 1500 Da to understand.
- Biochemical molecules in the conjugate according to the invention are, in particular, those which have at least a portion which comes from a naturally occurring compound.
- biochemical molecules are accordingly peptides, oligopeptides, polypeptides, in particular proteins, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids and their constituents, in particular fatty acids, and also nucleic acids and their constituents, that is to say nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides and polynucleotides.
- Mixed forms of the above-mentioned biochemical molecules can of course also be used in general, for example lipoproteins, glycoproteins etc.
- nucleic acids and their building blocks that is to say nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides and polynucleotides. These can be deoxyribonucleotide species as well as ribonucleotide species and their mixed forms.
- nucleic acid species according to the invention can be single-stranded or double-stranded or both single-stranded and double-stranded.
- oligonucleotide or polynucleotide also encompasses analog structures, such as, for example, peptide nucleic acids.
- oligonucleotide-analog structures can be used in the conjugate according to the invention, which have at least one chemical modification compared to naturally occurring molecules.
- chemical modification means that the nucleic acid species containing the conjugate according to the invention is changed by replacing, adding or removing individual or more atoms or groups of atoms in comparison to naturally occurring nucleic acid species.
- the chemical modification is preferably designed such that the nucleic acid contains at least one analog of naturally occurring nucleotides.
- nucleotide analogs that can be used according to the invention are phosphoramidates, phosphorothioa- te, peptide nucleotides, methylphosphonates, 7-deazaguanosine, 5-methylcytosine and inosine and 2-alkoxy-substituted ribonucleotide species.
- the dithiolane derivative in particular a lipoic acid derivative
- the dithiolane derivative can be via the 5-C atom of the corresponding nucleo - Sids / nucleotides or conjugated via the terminal 5'-C atom of the oligo- or polynucleotide (where the nucleoside, nucleotide, oligo- or polynucleotide replaces the group -OR 5 in the above formula A) or it can be conjugated via the 3'-C atom of the nucleoside / nucleotide or via the terminal 3'-C atom of the oligo- or polynucleotide (the nucleoside, nucleotide, oligo- or polynucleot
- a dithiolane derivative is particularly suitable, such as a corresponding lipoic acid derivative, which is bonded to a suitable polymer support via a corresponding coupling group according to the invention.
- a particularly preferred example of a dithiolane derivative which is particularly suitable for the 3'-terminal conjugation is shown in the formula I above.
- a dithiolane-substituted, preferably lipoic acid-substituted, phosphorous ester amide reagent is particularly suitable for conjugating a dithiolane derivative as defined above with biomolecules, in particular oligonucleotides and polynucleotides, which enables the dithiolane residue, for example a lipoic acid residue, to be attached terminally and / or internally at any desired position of oligonucleotide chains.
- Corresponding molecules, in particular oligonucleotides can thus be dithiolanylated, in particular lipoylated, one or more times with the aid of the present invention.
- a specific example of a particularly suitable dithiolane derivative of the present invention is shown in Formula II above.
- conjugates according to the invention are advantageous, for example, over known thiol conjugates in that they can easily be stored for a long time, while the conventional thiol conjugates are stable only under inert conditions.
- the present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the dithiolane derivative defined above, comprising the steps: (a) providing a dithiolane compound of the formula B.
- R 2 , R 3 and Y are as defined in Formula A above.
- the radicals R 4 and R 5 are further introduced into the dithiolane-diol compound formed by processes known to a person skilled in the art.
- the activation of the carbonyl or sulfonyl group of the dithiolane compound according to formula B above takes place by converting it to an activated ester, in particular to a dicarboximide ester, such as an NHS ester.
- a suitable dicarboximide such as hydroxysuccinimide
- the dithiolane compound according to the above formula B can be converted to a corresponding acid halide, for example by reacting the dithiolanoic acid compound with oxalyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride. Since the acid chloride formed is often not very stable, steps (b) and (c) above are advantageously carried out simultaneously by adding the appropriate agent for the preparation of the acid halide and the corresponding diol spacer compound to the compound of the formula B.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the process according to the invention for the preparation of the dithiolane derivative with the aid of the conversion of lipoic acid to an NHS ester, the further synthesis steps to a 3'-lipoic acid modifier CPG or one Lipoic acid phosphoramidites are shown.
- the preparation of lipoic acid aminopropanediol is an example of the preparation of the dithiolane derivative according to the invention from the dithiolanoic acid, in this case Lipoic acid, using oxalyl chloride and reaction with aminopropane-1, 2-diol in scheme 4 (Fig. 4).
- the present invention comprises a method for producing the conjugate according to the invention, which comprises the steps:
- the dithiolane derivative is preferably provided by the production process defined above.
- the organochemical or biochemical compound containing at least one amino or hydroxyl group is preferably one of the compounds specified above.
- the process according to the invention for producing the conjugate is particularly preferred if a dithiolane derivative is used which contains a dicarbonyl group which connects the dithiolane bridge-spacer construct to a polymer support via an amide or ester bond.
- a dithiolane derivative which contains a dicarbonyl group which connects the dithiolane bridge-spacer construct to a polymer support via an amide or ester bond.
- a specific example of such a compound is shown in Formula I above.
- the lipoic acid residue is connected via an amide bond to the amino group of a 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol spacer.
- One of the hydroxyl groups of the spacer is substituted with a protective group, here dimethoxytrityl, which is split off selectively before the construction of an oligonucleotide chain.
- the further hydroxyl group of the 3-aminopropane-1, 2-diol spacer is, for example, a succinyl residue with a group known from the prior art which is used for anchoring oligonucleotides to polymer supports containing amino or hydroxyl groups.
- the structure of the oligonucleotide chain is generated from this exposed hydroxyl group in accordance with the prior art, it being irrelevant whether this structure of 3'- or 5 - End of ago.
- a corresponding nucleic acid chain for example an oligonucleotide chain
- the residue containing the lipoic acid or dithiolane group remains bound to the oligonucleotide chain via the spacer.
- Another preferred method for producing a conjugate according to the invention uses the dithiolane derivative in which R 4 is H or an acid-labile protective group, for example a dimethoxytrityl group, and R 5 is a phosphoramidite group, in particular N, N-diisopropyl-beta-cyanoethoxyphosphoramidite , is.
- R 4 is H or an acid-labile protective group
- R 5 is a phosphoramidite group, in particular N, N-diisopropyl-beta-cyanoethoxyphosphoramidite
- a specific embodiment of a dithiolane derivative according to the invention in this case a lipoic acid derivative, is shown in Formula II above.
- a hydroxyl group of the spacer is protected with a corresponding protective group, for example dimethoxytrityl.
- the second hydroxyl group is connected to an activatable radical known from the prior art, for example a phosphoramidite radical, in formula II a (beta-cyanoethoxy) diisopropylaminophosphane radical.
- an activatable radical known from the prior art, for example a phosphoramidite radical, in formula II a (beta-cyanoethoxy) diisopropylaminophosphane radical.
- this activatable radical enables attachment to a hydroxyl or amino group.
- the dimethoxytrityl protective group is split off in accordance with known processes.
- the hydroxyl function obtained in this way can then optionally be used to attach a further nucleotide unit.
- the dithiolane derivatives according to the invention are therefore very particularly suitable for producing corresponding nucleic acid conjugates, oligonucleotides being particularly preferred.
- the dithiolane derivative of the present invention comprising the specific bridging member diol spacer structure, has the advantage over the reagents known in the prior art that it can easily be used in standard nucleic acid synthesis processes, such as, for example, in the phosphoramidite method and anchoring to polymer supports etc., can be set.
- standard nucleic acid synthesis processes such as, for example, in the phosphoramidite method and anchoring to polymer supports etc.
- Such methods are described, for example, by Gait (Oligonucleotide synthesis: a practical approach, IRL Press, Oxford, 1987), and the relevant disclosure content of this document is fully incorporated into the present invention.
- Gait Oligonal synthesis: a practical approach, IRL Press, Oxford, 1987
- the course of a synthesis cycle in the phosphoramidite method is shown by way of example in FIG. 6.
- the dithiolane derivative according to the invention is particularly suitable for immobilizing organic chemical or biological chemical molecules on noble metals or noble metal alloys and on semiconductors.
- a coated noble metal structure is also provided, which
- (c) comprises at least one dithiolane derivative according to the invention immobilized at least in regions on the noble metal layer and / or at least one conjugate according to the invention immobilized at least in regions on the noble metal layer as defined above.
- a coated semiconductor structure comprising a thiol-binding semiconductor carrier and at least one dithiolane derivative according to the invention immobilized at least in regions on the semiconductor and / or at least one conjugate according to the invention immobilized at least in regions on the semiconductor as defined above.
- Preferred semiconductor structures according to the invention are those in which gallium arsenide or indium phosphide is coated with dithiolane derivatives or conjugates according to the invention; with regard to the binding of thiols on semiconductors cf. eg Lunt et al. (1991) J. Appl. Phys. 70: 7449; Gu et al.
- Layer structures in which the immobilized dithiolane derivative and / or the immobilized conjugate form / form a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) are preferred according to the invention.
- This embodiment of the coated noble metal or semiconductor structure according to the invention provides a controlled layer of the immobilized molecules, for example biomolecules such as oligonucleotides.
- SAM self-assembled monolayer
- the layer structure can be formed according to the invention in such a way that, in addition to the dithiolane derivative according to the invention or the conjugate, for example, a spacer (cf. Southern et al. (1999) The Chiping Forecast 21: 5- 9; Southern et al. (1997) Nucl. Acid Res. 25: 1155-1161).
- the hybridization efficiency can be increased, for example, by using probe oligos loosely packed on the surface (Southern et al. (1997), supra).
- a so-called mixed oligo-SAM can be formed in the conjugated oligonucleotides according to the invention, in addition to the dithiolane derivative according to the invention or the conjugate thereof with an oligonucleotide, a customary alkanethiol for controlling the density of the desired oligo-SAM is added.
- a customary alkanethiol for controlling the density of the desired oligo-SAM is added.
- Gold has a binding capacity of lipoic acid of 7.1 x 10 "10 mol / cm 2 (Pirrung (2002) Angew. Chem. 114: 1326-1341).
- the layer structures according to the invention are those from the prior art, particularly conventional ones thiol-modified oligonucleotide layers, in that, due to the presence of the vicinal dithiol group, the dithiolane derivative of the present invention has a higher binding energy on the carrier material, which is why a more stable connection can be expected from the double anchoring (see Wang et al. (1998 ), supra; Cheng et al. (1995), supra).
- coated noble metal or semiconductor structures according to the invention are further distinguished by the fact that the constituents and the structure itself can be produced by standard synthesis processes.
- conventional thiol-modified oligonucleotides from the prior art require elaborate treatment or workup so that the -SH group desired for chemisorption of the corresponding conjugate is released.
- noble metals such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, palladium, ruthenium and iridium and alloys of noble metals are suitable for the coated noble metal structure according to the invention.
- a particularly preferred noble metal according to the invention is gold.
- the coated noble metal structure according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the substrate is at least partially flat.
- glass, plastics, semiconductors (in particular silicon) and metals, preferably those which differ from the noble metal of the coating are used as carrier materials.
- the surface of the carrier material can be treated or coated in accordance with a method known to a person skilled in the art in order to bind the noble metal or the noble metal alloy to be applied. Glass carriers are currently used as standard for biochips, in particular microarrays.
- particles made of precious metals or Precious metal alloys or particulate carrier materials coated therewith in question there are also particles made of precious metals or Precious metal alloys or particulate carrier materials coated therewith in question, so that the substrate can also be designed in particulate form according to the invention.
- materials such as polymers, for example polystyrene, glass, silica, etc., are particularly suitable.
- the noble metal or semiconductor structure is particularly suitable for use as a nucleic acid array, in particular as a DNA microarray, on biochips.
- a biochip is also provided according to the invention, which comprises the coated noble metal / semiconductor structure according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows in a synthesis scheme the preparation of a dithiolane derivative according to the invention, in the present case a CPG modifier reagent according to formula I (scheme 1).
- a CPG modifier reagent according to formula I (scheme 1).
- Lipoic acid is reacted with aminopropane-1,2-diol with activation by DCC, giving the corresponding propane-2,3-diol-1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid amide.
- one of the hydroxyl groups is protected with 4,4'-dimethoxytrityl chloride.
- Succinic anhydride is added to the free hydroxyl group, a succinyl residue and then a p-nitrophenyl ester is produced by activation with DCC.
- the ester activated in this way is reacted with amino-CPG to give the dithiolane derivative of the formula I coupled to the polymer support.
- FIG. 2 shows in synthesis scheme 2 the preparation of a dithiolane derivative according to the invention which has a phosphoramidite group on a hydroxyl oxygen of the diol spacer, propane-2,3-diol-1,2- dithiolan-3-pentanoic acid amide is assumed, which can be shown according to Scheme 1 of FIG. 1.
- the lipoic acid amide-spacer conjugate is reacted with chlorine-N, N-diisopropyl-beta-cyanophosphine and N, N-diisopropylamine in dry dichloromethane to give the compound of formula II.
- the corresponding S'-lipoic acid modifier-CPG or a lipoic acid phosphoramidite for example, can then be produced, as shown in FIG. 1 (Scheme 1) or FIG. 2 (Scheme 2).
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the production of lipoic acid aminopropanethiol in a further synthesis scheme (Scheme 4).
- lipoic acid is reacted with oxalyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride, thus obtaining an activated compound which reacts with aminopropane-1,2-diol to give the desired product.
- 5A shows a schematic representation of the immobilization of oligonucleotide-lipoic acid conjugates according to the invention, the lipoic acid derivative being linked to the 3'-C atom of the terminal nucleotide.
- FIG. 5B shows, in a representation corresponding to FIG. 5A, the conjugation of the lipoic acid derivative to the terminal 5'-C atom of the conjugated oligonucleotide.
- D L-alpha-lipoic acid, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, 3-aminopropane-1, 2-diol, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, dichloromethane, 4,4 , -dimethoxytriphenylmethyl chloride, pyridine (dry), methanol, dimethylaminopyridine, succinic anhydride, ethyl acetate, di oxane, p-nitrophenol, triethylamine, aminopropyl-CPG (for production see Amino-CPG, http://www.interactiva.de), dimethylformamide, acetic anhydride, diethyl ether.
- the derivatized carrier was washed carefully with dimethylformamide, methanol and diethyl ether and dried.
- the lipoic acid carrier was capped with a solution of acetanhydride / pyridine / dimethylaminopyridine (10: 90: 1). It was then washed thoroughly with methanol and diethyl ether and thoroughly dried under high vacuum.
- propane-2,3-diol-0-4-4'-dimethoxytriphenylmethyl-1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid amide which is produced, for example, according to the first exemplary embodiment.
- Propane-2,3-diol-3-0-4-4'-dimethoxytriphenylmethyl-1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid amide (1.25 mmol, 2.2 ⁇ g) and dry N, N-diisopropylethylamine ( 6 mmol, 0.78 g) were dissolved in 45 ml of dry dichloromethane under argon. Chloro-N, N-diisopropyl-beta-cyanoethoxyphosphoramidite (2.5 mmol, 0.6 g) was slowly added to this solution within 5 min and the mixture was stirred under argon for 1 h.
- the desired product could be methane / hexane / triethylamine (50: 50: 1%) are eluted isocratically (check by TLC, eluent: dichloromethane / hexane / triethylamine (50: 50: 1%), detection: UV light, with the trityl group under HCI vapor can be made visible).
- the solvent was spun in and the purified lipoic acid phosphoramidite was dried in vacuo. The synthesis is shown in Scheme 2 (Fig. 2).
- oligonucleotide syntheses were carried out according to a standard protocol on an Expedite TM Syntheziser (PerSeptive Biosystems). All synthesized oligonucleotides were then purified using HPLC as standard. The syntheses of 3'-, ⁇ '-lipoylated oligonucleotides could be confirmed by MALDI.
- Oligonucleotides (lip oligonucleotides) modified with 3'-C and 5'-C were added to 1, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 30 pmol in 3 ⁇ l of 1 M NaH 2 PO 4 (pH 4.1) with lipoic acid cleaned gold carrier applied. The gold carriers were leave saturated chamber for 2 h. After immobilization, the liquid drops were pipetted off and rinsed thoroughly with double-distilled water.
- the gold carrier was incubated with lip oligonucleotides for the prevention of non-specific binding in a 1 mM solution of thio-polyethylene glycol MW 5000 (Rapp Polymers) for 45 min. It was then rinsed carefully with double-distilled water. Remaining water drops were blown off with nitrogen.
- the coated slide was hybridized with radioactive labeled oligonucleotides, which had the complementary sequence to the immobilized nucleotides (hybridization with 32 P, 1 M NaCI-TE buffer, overnight at room temperature).
- the immobilization of lipoylated oligonucleotides was confirmed with the help of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies.
Abstract
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP03706580A EP1480969A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-02-26 | Dithiolan-derivate zur immobilisierung von biomolekülen auf edelmetallen und halbleitern |
AU2003208767A AU2003208767A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-02-26 | Dithiolane derivatives for immobilizing biomolecules on noble metals and semiconductors |
US10/926,575 US20050059728A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2004-08-26 | Dithiolane derivatives for immobilising biomolecules on noble metals and semiconductors |
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DE10209641.4 | 2002-03-05 | ||
DE10209641 | 2002-03-05 | ||
DE10251229.9 | 2002-11-04 | ||
DE10251229A DE10251229A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-11-04 | Dithiolan-Derivate zur Immobilisierung von Biomolekülen auf Edelmetallen und Halbleitern |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US10/926,575 Continuation US20050059728A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2004-08-26 | Dithiolane derivatives for immobilising biomolecules on noble metals and semiconductors |
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WO2003074510A1 true WO2003074510A1 (de) | 2003-09-12 |
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PCT/EP2003/001968 WO2003074510A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-02-26 | Dithiolan-derivate zur immobilisierung von biomolekülen auf edelmetallen und halbleitern |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20050059728A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1480969A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003208767A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003074510A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008035559A1 (de) | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-11 | Rupert Goihl | Elektrolumineszenz oder Photovoltaikquelle |
US10781175B2 (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | Am Chemicals Llc | Solid supports and phosphoramidite building blocks for oligonucleotide conjugates |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101196667B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-15 | 2012-11-02 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 피에이치 민감성 금속 나노 입자를 이용한 항암제 전달 시스템 |
CA2928190C (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2023-09-19 | Chemgenes Corporation | Dithiolane functionalized nucleoside amidites and supports for stronger immobilization of bio-molecules on solid surfaces |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20030059865A1 (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-03-27 | Nelson Deanna Jean | Oligo(ethylene glycoll)-terminated 1,2-dithiolanes and their conjugates useful for preparing self-assembled monolayers |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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IL123887A0 (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-30 | Sankyo Co | Dithiolan derivatives their use and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
US6090842A (en) * | 1998-03-10 | 2000-07-18 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Lipoic acid analogs |
CA2352144A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-02 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University In Jerusale M | Scavenger compounds |
US6458908B1 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2002-10-01 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Sulfur-containing unsaturated carboxylate compound and its cured products |
US6369098B1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2002-04-09 | Bethesda Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Dithiolane derivatives |
US6387945B2 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2002-05-14 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Lipoic acid analogs |
US6570025B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2003-05-27 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Sulfur compound and use thereof |
KR100453344B1 (ko) * | 2000-09-22 | 2004-10-20 | 미쯔이카가쿠 가부시기가이샤 | 아크릴산 에스테르화합물 및 그 용도 |
KR100604688B1 (ko) * | 2001-05-15 | 2006-07-25 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 아크릴산에스테르 화합물 및 그 용도 |
-
2003
- 2003-02-26 AU AU2003208767A patent/AU2003208767A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-26 WO PCT/EP2003/001968 patent/WO2003074510A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-26 EP EP03706580A patent/EP1480969A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-08-26 US US10/926,575 patent/US20050059728A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
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US20030059865A1 (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-03-27 | Nelson Deanna Jean | Oligo(ethylene glycoll)-terminated 1,2-dithiolanes and their conjugates useful for preparing self-assembled monolayers |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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T.CAROFIGLIO: "SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERISATION A. CHEMISORPTION ON GOLD OF A B-CYCLODEXTRIN-LIPOIC ACID CONJUGATE.", TETRAHEDRON LETTERS., vol. 42, no. 31, 2001, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, AMSTERDAM., NL, pages 5241 - 4, XP004254124, ISSN: 0040-4039 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008035559A1 (de) | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-11 | Rupert Goihl | Elektrolumineszenz oder Photovoltaikquelle |
US10781175B2 (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | Am Chemicals Llc | Solid supports and phosphoramidite building blocks for oligonucleotide conjugates |
US11447451B2 (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2022-09-20 | Am Chemicals Llc | Solid supports and phosphoramidite building blocks for oligonucleotide conjugates |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050059728A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
EP1480969A1 (de) | 2004-12-01 |
AU2003208767A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
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