WO2003073835A1 - Shelter for fruit trees comprising abutted greenhouse units rigidified with rigging and equipped with means for tensioned unfolding of foldable roofs - Google Patents

Shelter for fruit trees comprising abutted greenhouse units rigidified with rigging and equipped with means for tensioned unfolding of foldable roofs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003073835A1
WO2003073835A1 PCT/FR2003/000718 FR0300718W WO03073835A1 WO 2003073835 A1 WO2003073835 A1 WO 2003073835A1 FR 0300718 W FR0300718 W FR 0300718W WO 03073835 A1 WO03073835 A1 WO 03073835A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arches
cable
shelter
chapel
horticultural
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2003/000718
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bruno Schmitt
Original Assignee
Schmitt Recherche & Developpement S.C.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmitt Recherche & Developpement S.C. filed Critical Schmitt Recherche & Developpement S.C.
Priority to AU2003232282A priority Critical patent/AU2003232282A1/en
Publication of WO2003073835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003073835A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of horticultural activities, and more particularly shelters for fruit trees in particular. Its purpose is a modular greenhouse, comprising a framework supporting a retractable flexible cover.
  • the trusses are usually each formed from a hoop, incidentally reinforced by a triangulated system composed of profiles, and are aligned by being braced to be kept at a distance from each other. These poles are carried by the poles which raise them from the ground.
  • a major drawback lies in the annoying presence of the posts, in particular with regard to their size and the movement of staff around the fruit trees. Both their location and their number should be taken into account to limit the consequences of this drawback.
  • Reference may in particular be made to patents FR2289111 (TOSELLO), GB1545477 (DAVIES), FR1586497 (TIMOTHY) which 0 describe shelters of this kind. It appears that the difficulty to be resolved lies in the fact that either the framework is massive, therefore costly and difficult to assemble on site, or it is bulky. It turns out that the habits adopted in the field reside in a compromise to be found between a limited number of poles and arches making up the framework, and the massive character of the latter.
  • FR2604860 consists in resting the hoops of the trusses on beams which extend transversely from one chapel to another, these beams being carried by posts.
  • the arches are each carried by the corresponding beam on the one hand at their end, and on the other hand at their top by means of a mast carried by the beam in the extension of the corresponding pole. If such a solution makes it possible to lighten the supporting structure of the arches on the one hand, and to facilitate the circulation of personnel around the fruit trees on the other hand, the overall framework carrying the cover remains massive and bulky.
  • a second problem to be solved resides in the fixing under tension of the cover, which must nevertheless be quickly retractable and inversely deployable according to the climatic conditions.
  • the shelter comprises a single chapel of semi-cylindrical conformation, to facilitate the operation of the cover along the arches which are used as a guide member for the covers during their winding. It also results in a compromise to be found, which lies in the constraint of conforming the shelter into a single semi-cylindrical chapel, and the faculty of retraction and rapid deployment of the cover.
  • a shelter the framework of which is robust without, however, being massive, or of an inopportune bulk which may affect a circulation around the fruit trees, and a circulation of to each other of a plurality of adjacent chapels.
  • a shelter equipped with means allowing retraction and rapid deployment of the flexible cover, without however being subject to a particular conformation of the chapels, the retracted cover preferably being easily accessible by an operator for his protection.
  • a shelter comprising means for maintaining overall tension of the cover, which make it possible to continuously adjust this tension, to adapt it at a given instant to climatic conditions and according to the evolution of coverage over time.
  • the horticultural shelter of the present invention comprises a framework delimiting a plurality of successively adjacent chapels.
  • This frame which constitutes a support for a retractable flexible cover, comprises support posts for a plurality of trusses, including a first group of posts for anchoring the frame to the ground.
  • the trusses each include a rigid hoop and are aligned, and braced, so as to be kept at a distance from each other.
  • the arches of the farms delimiting the same chapel are joined to the corresponding arches of a neighboring chapel, each arch being supported at its top by a median post and at its ends by a basic transverse element extending transversely from a chapel to the 'other.
  • the arches of the end chapels are further supported by respective support posts of their free end.
  • such a shelter is mainly recognizable in that the framework is kept rigid by first triangulated structures for keeping the arcs in conformation in their general plane, and by second triangulated structures extending in a longitudinal plane substantially. median of a respective chapel.
  • first and second triangulated structures advantageously combine rigid elements supported by said transverse base element and a wiring connecting these rigid elements to one another.
  • the overall cover of the shelter being made up of a plurality of elementary covers assigned to each of the chapels, the elementary covers are equipped with individual power means for their deployment under tension and conversely their positive folding. These individual means implement in particular at least one winch exerting traction on at least one of the edges of the corresponding elementary cover. It follows from these provisions that the frame is made light and not massive thanks to its rigid support by said first and second triangulated structures.
  • the rigid elements which it comprises comprise support legs inclined in the general plane of the arch, and a suspended pole participating in a second group of poles, this suspended pole bearing on the transverse base element to support the arch at its top.
  • the wiring for its part, comprises the transverse base element consisting of a base transverse cable, and a broken line transverse cable connecting the ends of the arch to one another.
  • the basic transverse cable and the broken line transverse cable successively connect to each other the successively butted hoops of the chapels, and are anchored to the ground at their ends to transversely brace the structural assembly composed of the butted hoops.
  • the rigid elements that the first triangulated structure comprises comprise posts of the first group supporting arches at their top, the suspended posts of the second group and spacers connecting together the arches of the same chapel, at less at their ends if not also at their top.
  • the wiring consists of a longitudinal bracing wiring, which includes a longitudinal cable, at least basic, and at least one longitudinal cable with broken line which successively connect those of the posts of the first group carrying the arches and the hanging posts of the second group. It should be noted that at least the basic longitudinal cable is anchored to the ground at its ends, otherwise also the longitudinal cable with broken line.
  • each of the elementary covers is provided at its ends with a respective rod for maintaining its edges in conformation, said winch at least being arranged in end of the chapel for operating at least one tension cable oriented in the direction of extension of the chapel. It will be understood that this tension cable is in relation with at least one of said rods by means of return pulleys.
  • Fig.1, Fig.2 and Fig.3 are diagrams of a framework of a shelter for fruit trees according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, respectively front view, front perspective view and perspective view On top.
  • Fig.4 is a perspective diagram from above, illustrating a first alternative embodiment of fastening means under tension and means of overall tensioning of a flexible cover deployable on a frame shown in the previous figures.
  • Fig.5 is a perspective view from above, illustrating the means of fixing the cover on the frame shown in fig.4.
  • Fig.6 is a perspective view from above, illustrating the overall tensioning means of the cover on the frame, shown in fig.4.
  • Fig.7 is a perspective view of bias, illustrating the operating member of the fastening means under tension and overall tensioning of the cover on the frame shown in fig.4.
  • FIGS. 10 and FIG. 11 are diagrams in perspective from above, illustrating a second alternative embodiment of the means for fastening under tension a flexible cover to a framework shown in the preceding figures, the cover being in the folded position
  • FIGS. 12 and fig 13 are perspective views from above, illustrating the means of tensioning the cover, according to the alternative embodiment shown in fig 10 and fig 11, respectively in the deployed position and in the folded position of the cover
  • a horticultural shelter comprises a framework 1 delimiting a plurality of chapels 2, 2 ', 2 "successively adjacent, which comprises posts 3.3' and 4, 4 ', 4" supporting a plurality of trusses aligned and braced so as to be kept at a distance from each other
  • the arrangement of the trusses is such that they jointly define the volume of protection offered by each of the associated chapels
  • This framework 1 constitutes a support for a retractable flexible cover 13 and 13 'assigned to each of the chapels 2,2', 2 "
  • Each truss comprises a rigid hoop 5, 5 ′, 5 "held in conformation in its general plane by a first triangulated structure
  • the hoops 5 of the trusses delimiting the same chapel 2 are joined to the corresponding hoops 5 'of a neighboring chapel 2'
  • Each hoop 5 is supported at its top by a median pole 4 or 6, these poles being either poles 4 participating in a first anchoring group of the framework 1 to the ground, or suspended poles 6 participating in the first triangulated structure
  • the arches 5 and 5 "of the end chapels are also preferably supported by respective support posts 3.3 'from their free end
  • the framework 1 is organized to offer the possibility of circulating under the shelter of a chapel 2, 2 ', 2 "to another, and that the posts 4,4', 4" of the first group, d '' a limited number are not located in the areas usually reserved for traffic around trees It will nevertheless be noted that the provisions of the invention, taken alone or in combination, are applicable both to a shelter composed of several nests, that '' to a shelter including a unique chapel It also appears that the structure of the shelter is such that the framework is generally lightened compared to those of the prior art, which facilitates its installation and makes it possible to reduce the cost of obtaining the shelter.
  • the arches 5 of a common chapel 2 are interconnected by rigid spacers 8, 8 ', 8 ". These spacers are oriented longitudinally in the direction of extension of the chapels 2, 2', 2", and include a clearance end spacers 8'8 "of the arches and incidentally a top spacer 8, the end spacers 8" of the arches butted 5.5 'of two neighboring chapels 2.2' being combined. According to various variant embodiments which will be described later, the spacers 8, 8 ′, 8 "are either rigid as illustrated in FIGS. 10 to FIG. 13, being constituted by tubes for example, or formed by cables, and in particular main cables 19, as illustrated in fig.4 to fig.7.
  • the first triangulated system combines transverse wiring 9, 9 ', 9 "and 10 and rigid elements, the transverse wiring comprising a basic transverse cable 10 and a broken line transverse cable 9 which connects the ends of the arch 5.
  • These provisions are favorable to the overall stiffening of the frame, in that these same cables 10 and 9 are anchored to the ground at their ends 11, 11 ', so as to transversely brace the structural assembly composed of butted arches 5, 5 ', 5 "of successive chapels 2, 2', 2".
  • the rigid elements of the first triangulated structure include support legs 12, 12 ′, which connect the base cable 10 to a respective intermediate zone of the arches 5, situated between their top and one of their corresponding ends. These support legs 12, 12 ′ are also connected in bracing at the end of the arch 5 and at its top by the broken line cable 9, 9 ′, 9 ′′ participating in the first triangulated system. Furthermore, at minus the hoops 5, 5 ′, 5 "at the end of the chapels are braced in the longitudinal direction of the chapels by reinforcing legs 14,14 '.
  • the framework 1 further comprises second triangulated structures each formed by a longitudinal bracing wiring of the chapels to which each second triangulated structure is assigned.
  • second triangulated structures connect the trusses of the same chapel 2 to one another, by means of the poles 4 and 6 for supporting the poles 5.
  • the participating longitudinal wiring of the second triangulated structure successively alternately connects the suspended poles 6 to the ground anchor posts 4.
  • This wiring comprises longitudinal cables, base 7 and top 15, and longitudinal wiring 16,16 'with broken line. inals participating in the second triangulated structures are anchored to the ground 40 by means of posts at the longitudinal end of the chapels 2,2 ′, 2 ".
  • the conformation of the arches 5, 5 ′, 5 can indifferently be in a basket handle, in Romanesque or Gothic vault, or even in a half drop of water. It will be noted more particularly that this freedom of choice of a any shape of the arches 5, 5 ', 5 “and therefore the volume of the chapels 2,2', 2" which they define, is notably made possible, not only thanks to the structure proposed by the invention as to the organization of the frame 1, but also thanks to the provisions it provides for the means of deployment and maintenance of the flexible cover of the shelter, as they will be described below.
  • the overall cover of the shelter is composed of a plurality of elementary covers 13 or 13 ', assigned to each of the chapels, which are each provided at their ends with respective rods 17, 17' to keep their edges in conformation. At least one of these rods 17, 17 ′ is freely supported by the arches 5 jointly delimiting the corresponding chapel, so as to be movable in sliding along these arches 5, with a view to the deployment and conversely of the folding of the elementary covers 13.13.
  • a first rod 17 of the elementary covers 13 is connected by means of at least one first rope 18 to a main cable 19 oriented in the direction of extension of the chapels 2.
  • the second rod 17 'of the elementary covers 13' is in turn connected by means of at least a second rope 21 to a first tensioned cable 22 wound around a first winch 23.
  • This first tension cable 22 is oriented in the direction of extension of the corresponding chapel 2 'substantially parallel to the main cable 19.
  • the connection of the corresponding end of the second rope 21 with the corresponding rod 17 ′ of the elementary cover 13 ′ is carried out by means 24 of attachment which can be easily broken by a voluntary gesture by the user.
  • connection of the other end of the second rope 21 is effected by fixing this end to the first tension cable 22, by means of a flange 25 arranged in a cable clamp, after its passage along a first return pulley 26 which is anchored 27 on the main cable 19, or similarly on the frame 1.
  • each of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ can be rapidly deployed and fixed to the framework 1, by virtue of the easily breakable connection means, and can be easily energized from the operation of the corresponding first winch 23.
  • these arrangements are such that each of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ can be quickly and easily wound around one of their rods, respectively 17 or 17 ′, after their connection with the first corresponding rope 18 has been broken.
  • the shelter is furthermore equipped with means for occasionally adjusting the overall tension of each, or even jointly of the whole, of the elementary covers after they have been fixed to the framework 1.
  • These adjustment means comprise a set of straps, preferably elastic, which are oriented transversely to the chapels 2, 2 ′, 2 "while resting on the elementary covers, and which are equally distributed along the length of the chapels while being located in space separating two poles 4 and 6 for supporting the poles 5.
  • a first end of the straps 28 is connected to the main cable 19, this connection being for example effected by means 29 of fastening which are easily broken by a voluntary gesture by the user.
  • end of the straps 28 ′ is connected to a second tension cable 30 wound around a second winch 31.
  • connection of the second end of the straps 28 ′ is effected by fixing this end to the second tension cable 30, by means of a flange 32 arranged in a cable clamp for example, after its passage along a second return pulley 33.
  • This pulley 33 is anchored 34 on the main cable 19, or similarly on the frame 1.
  • the second tension cable 30 is oriented in the direction of extension of the corresponding chapel, substantially parallel to the main cable 19.
  • this similar orientation and arrangement of the first 22 and second 30 tension cables makes it possible to place the first and second winches 23 and 31 near one of the other.
  • the first 23 and second 31 winches are advantageously brought together in a single member, supported by the main cable 19 or in a similar manner by the framework 1.
  • a first rod 17 of the elementary cover 13 is fixed to the arches 5 of the corresponding chapel 2
  • At least one strap 41 is engaged at each of its ends, by means of at least one pulley 42 and 42 'respectively, on tension cables 43 and 43' which are respectively assigned to them and which are maneuverable by a respective winch 44 and 44 '
  • the strap 41 is also engaged between its ends on the second rod 17', which is movable along the arches 5
  • the straps 41 are preferably in plurality by being connected in a similar manner to the winches 44 and 44 'and to the second rod 17', to allow suitable guidance of the rod 17 'sliding on the hoops 5
  • the strap 41 is engaged on the second rod 17 'via a flange 45, an intermediate strap 46 engaged on this flange 45 extending the strap 41 from the second rod 17' to the corresponding tension cable 43, circulating at through a guide 47 carried by the frame 1, and in particular by the first rod 17 fixed to the arches 5
  • control means notably comprising temperature sensors, hygrometric sensors and wind sensors for example.
  • the arrangements illustrated and described for the covers 13 and 13 ′ are for their visible ends in the figures, and that it must be understood that these arrangements are to be transposed from one of the covers 13 and 13 'with regard to their corresponding edges.
  • the stiffening wiring of the frame 1 such as that participating in the first and second triangulated systems in particular, and that participating in the means of tensioning the cover 13, 13 ′, both at its fixing and at its global tensioning, are preferably formed from galvanized steel cables.
  • the shelter is further equipped with means for discharging rainwater received by each of the elementary covers 13,13 '.
  • These means comprise in the first place means for holding the edges of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ at a distance from the ends of the arches 5, 5 ′, 5 ", as shown in FIGS. 3 and FIG. 4. constituted by the first 18 and second 21 ropes, participating in the means of fastening elementary covers 13,13 '.
  • the means for evacuating rainwater comprise flaps 35.35 'or 36.36', supported by the frame 1, which substantially extend the elementary covers 13.13 'from their edges to the base. 5.5 'arches. These flaps 35.35 'or 36.36' are placed under the arches 5.5 'so as to provide a ventilation space 37.37' between them and the elementary covers 13.13 '.
  • the means for evacuating rainwater comprise chutes 38 for evacuating the water collected by the flaps 35.35 ′ or 36.36 ′, which are in particular supported by the framework 1 at the base of the arches 5.5.
  • the ventilation spaces 37.37 ′ are provided with retractable shutter members, such as 39.39 ′ or 35.35 ′.
  • 39.39 ′ consist of at least one inflatable flexible sheath occupying the corresponding ventilation space 37 or 37 ′.
  • These flexible sheaths 39, 39 ' are shaped to either close the ventilation space 37, 37' when inflated, or free this space when they are deflated.
  • these shutter members consist of the flaps 35, 35 ′ themselves, which are mounted in an articulated manner at the base of the arches 5.5 ′ between an open position in which they release the ventilation space, 37 in the example illustrated, and a closed position in which they obstruct this ventilation space, 37 'in the example illustrated.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a horticultural shelter comprising a framework (1) delimiting a plurality of successively adjacent greenhouse units (2, 2', 2''), the arches (5) of the trusses delimiting a common greenhouse unit (2) being abutted to the corresponding arches (5') of a neighbouring greenhouse unit (2') and being supported at the top by a post (4, 6), the framework (1) constituting a support for a flexible and retractable roof (13, 13'). The framework (1) is maintained rigid by triangulated structures to maintain in configuration the arches (5, 5', 5'') and for longitudinally rigidifying the greenhouse units, which associate rigid elements (12, 12', 6) supported by a transverse base element (10) and a rigging (10, 9, 7, 15, 16, 16') linking together said rigid elements. Each greenhouse unit comprises a roof equipped with individual power means for tensioned unfolding and positive folding.

Description

ABRI PUOR ARBRES FRUITTIERS COMPORTANT DES CHAPELLES ABOUTTEES RIGIDIFIEES PAR CABLAGE ET EQUIPEES DE MOYENS DE DEPLOIEMENT SOUS TENSION DE COUVERTURES REPLIABLESSHELTER FOR FRUIT TREES COMPRISING WIRED JOINTED CHAPES AND EQUIPPED WITH DEPLOYMENT UNDER TENSION OF FOLDABLE COVERS
L'invention est du domaine des activités horticoles, et plus particulièrement des abris pour les arbres fruitiers notamment. Elle a pour objet une serre modulable, comprenant une ossature porteuse d'une couverture souple escamotable.The invention is in the field of horticultural activities, and more particularly shelters for fruit trees in particular. Its purpose is a modular greenhouse, comprising a framework supporting a retractable flexible cover.
10 On connaît dans le domaine horticole des abris susceptibles de protéger des arbres fruitiers à encontre des intempéries. Traditionnellement, ces abris comprennent une ossature de soutien d'une couverture souple de protection.10 We know in the horticultural field shelters capable of protecting fruit trees against bad weather. Traditionally, these shelters include a support frame with a flexible protective cover.
Un premier problème à résoudre réside dans l'organisation générale de l'ossature. Il a été proposé des ossatures composées de poteaux d'ancrage au solA first problem to be resolved lies in the general organization of the framework. Frames composed of ground anchor posts have been proposed
15 pour le soutien de fermes porteuses de la couverture. Ces fermes sont alignées à distance par groupe pour délimiter une chapelle, plusieurs chapelles latéralement adjacentes pouvant être successivement installées pour composer ensemble un abri global. Les fermes sont couramment chacune formée à partir d'un arceau, accessoirement renforcé par un système triangulé composé de profilés, et sont 0 alignées en étant entretoisées pour être maintenues à distance les unes des autres. Ces arceaux sont portés par les poteaux qui les élèvent du sol.15 for the support of farms carrying the cover. These farms are aligned at a distance in groups to delimit a chapel, several laterally adjacent chapels can be successively installed to compose a global shelter. The trusses are usually each formed from a hoop, incidentally reinforced by a triangulated system composed of profiles, and are aligned by being braced to be kept at a distance from each other. These poles are carried by the poles which raise them from the ground.
Un inconvénient majeur réside dans la présence gênante des poteaux, au regard notamment de leur encombrement et de la circulation du personnel autour des arbres fruitiers. Il est à prendre en considération tant leur emplacement que 5 leur nombre, pour limiter les conséquences de cet inconvénient. Pour cela, il est habituel dans le domaine d'organiser l'ossature en structure robuste et massive, en agençant les fermes à partir d'arceaux formés en profilés rigides, qui sont portés par des poteaux massifs. On pourra notamment se reporter aux brevets FR2289111 (TOSELLO), GB1545477 (DAVIES), FR1586497 (TIMOTHY) qui 0 décrivent des abris du genre. Il apparaît que la difficulté à résoudre réside dans le fait que soit l'ossature est massive, donc coûteuse et délicate à assembler sur site, soit elle est encombrante. Il en ressort que les habitudes prises dans le domaine résident dans un compromis à trouver entre un nombre limité de poteaux et d'arceaux composant l'ossature, et le caractère massif de cette dernière.A major drawback lies in the annoying presence of the posts, in particular with regard to their size and the movement of staff around the fruit trees. Both their location and their number should be taken into account to limit the consequences of this drawback. For this, it is usual in the field to organize the framework in a robust and massive structure, by arranging the trusses from arches formed in rigid profiles, which are carried by massive posts. Reference may in particular be made to patents FR2289111 (TOSELLO), GB1545477 (DAVIES), FR1586497 (TIMOTHY) which 0 describe shelters of this kind. It appears that the difficulty to be resolved lies in the fact that either the framework is massive, therefore costly and difficult to assemble on site, or it is bulky. It turns out that the habits adopted in the field reside in a compromise to be found between a limited number of poles and arches making up the framework, and the massive character of the latter.
Une solution proposée par FR2604860 (CESBRON) consiste à faire reposer les arceaux des fermes sur des poutres qui s'étendent transversalement d'une chapelle à une autre, ces poutres étant portées par des poteaux. Les arceaux sont chacun porté par la poutre correspondante d'une part à leur extrémité, et d'autre part à leur sommet par l'intermédiaire d'un mât porté par la poutre dans le prolongement du poteau correspondant. Si une telle solution permet d'alléger la structure porteuse des arceaux d'une part, et de faciliter la circulation du personnel autour des arbres fruitiers d'autre part, l'ossature globale porteuse de la couverture reste massive et encombrante. Un deuxième problème à résoudre réside dans la fixation sous tension de la couverture, qui doit néanmoins être rapidement escamotable et inversement déployable selon les conditions climatiques. Il a été proposé des mécanismes comprenant un treuil et un câblage, pour exercer une traction sur les extrémités de la couverture en vue de son enroulement autour d'un tambour. On pourra notamment se reporter aux brevets FR2672333 (GUIRARD) et FR2761226 (DURET) qui décrivent de tels mécanismes. Selon une telle approche, l'abri comprend une chapelle unique de conformation hémicylindrique, pour faciliter la manœuvre de la couverture le long des arceaux qui sont exploités comme organe de guidage des couvertures lors de leur enroulement. Il en découle encore un compromis à trouver, qui réside dans la contrainte de conformer l'abri en une chapelle unique hémicylindrique, et la faculté d'escamotage et de déploiement rapide de la couverture. Il en ressort que de tels mécanismes ne sont pas transposables à des abris réservés à la culture horticole d'arbres fruitiers, dans lesquels les espaces couverts respectivement par les chapelles adjacentes doivent être communiquant les uns avec les autres. Par ailleurs, et toujours au regard de la protection des arbres fruitiers, la hauteur nécessairement conséquente des chapelles rend délicat l'escamotage de la couverture, en raison de la faculté qui est souhaitable d'être offerte de permettre un accès aisé à la couverture escamotée par un opérateur, pour notamment procéder à sa protection au regard des intempéries et du rayonnement solaire.One solution proposed by FR2604860 (CESBRON) consists in resting the hoops of the trusses on beams which extend transversely from one chapel to another, these beams being carried by posts. The arches are each carried by the corresponding beam on the one hand at their end, and on the other hand at their top by means of a mast carried by the beam in the extension of the corresponding pole. If such a solution makes it possible to lighten the supporting structure of the arches on the one hand, and to facilitate the circulation of personnel around the fruit trees on the other hand, the overall framework carrying the cover remains massive and bulky. A second problem to be solved resides in the fixing under tension of the cover, which must nevertheless be quickly retractable and inversely deployable according to the climatic conditions. Mechanisms have been proposed comprising a winch and wiring, for exerting traction on the ends of the cover for its winding around a drum. Reference may in particular be made to patents FR2672333 (GUIRARD) and FR2761226 (DURET) which describe such mechanisms. According to such an approach, the shelter comprises a single chapel of semi-cylindrical conformation, to facilitate the operation of the cover along the arches which are used as a guide member for the covers during their winding. It also results in a compromise to be found, which lies in the constraint of conforming the shelter into a single semi-cylindrical chapel, and the faculty of retraction and rapid deployment of the cover. It appears that such mechanisms cannot be transposed to shelters reserved for the horticultural cultivation of fruit trees, in which the spaces covered respectively by the adjacent chapels must be communicating with each other. Furthermore, and always with regard to the protection of fruit trees, the necessarily substantial height of the chapels makes it difficult to retract the cover, because of the option which is desirable to be offered to allow easy access to the retracted cover by an operator, in particular to protect it against bad weather and solar radiation.
Un autre problème à résoudre réside dans l'organisation de la couverture pour la maintenir globalement sous tension nonobstant une variation des conditions climatiques, qui peuvent être occasionnellement violentes. La couverture doit non seulement être fixée sous tension sur la ferme correspondante, mais en outre doit être fermement maintenue en position, sans pour autant rendre son escamotage et son déploiement difficile. On relèvera qu'il est donc souhaitable que le maintien global sous tension de la couverture soit ajustable. Il a été proposé de maintenir la couverture sur l'ossature par l'intermédiaire de moyens de mise sous tension mettant en œuvre une sangle transversale ayant prise sur la couverture, reliée à ses extrémités à un dispositif de mise sous tension élastique de type à genouillère ou analogue. On pourra notamment se reporter au brevet FR2727825 (DESPUJOLS). Un inconvénient de ce type de dispositif réside dans une mise sous tension globale de la couverture rendue dépendante de sa fixation à l'ossature. Le but général de la présente invention est de proposer un abri horticole, pour arbres fruitiers notamment, comportant des dispositions pour surmonter les problèmes et inconvénients susvisés.Another problem to solve resides in the organization of the cover to keep it globally under tension notwithstanding a variation of the climatic conditions, which can be occasionally violent. The cover must not only be fixed under tension on the corresponding truss, but also must be firmly held in position, without making its retraction and its deployment difficult. It will be noted that it is therefore desirable that the overall maintenance of the cover under tension be adjustable. It has been proposed to maintain the cover on the frame by means of tensioning means implementing a transverse strap having taken on the cover, connected at its ends to an elastic tensioning device of the toggle type. or the like. Reference may in particular be made to patent FR2727825 (DESPUJOLS). A drawback of this type of device lies in an overall tensioning of the cover made dependent on its attachment to the frame. The general object of the present invention is to provide a horticultural shelter, for fruit trees in particular, comprising provisions to overcome the above problems and drawbacks.
Plus précisément, il est proposé par la présente invention un tel abri, dont l'ossature soit robuste sans pour autant, ni être massive, ni d'un encombrement inopportun pouvant porter atteinte à une circulation autour des arbres fruitiers, et à une circulation de l'une à l'autre d'une pluralité de chapelles adjacentes. Plus précisément encore, il est proposé par la présente invention un tel abri équipé de moyens permettant un escamotage et un déploiement rapide de la couverture souple, sans pour autant être assujetti à une conformation particulière des chapelles, la couverture escamotée étant de préférence facilement accessible par un opérateur en vue de sa protection. Plus précisément enfin, il est proposé par la présente invention un tel abri comportant des moyens de maintien sous tension globale de la couverture, qui permettent d'ajuster en continu cette tension, pour l'adapter à un instant donné aux conditions climatiques et selon l'évolution du comportement de la couverture dans le temps.More precisely, it is proposed by the present invention such a shelter, the framework of which is robust without, however, being massive, or of an inopportune bulk which may affect a circulation around the fruit trees, and a circulation of to each other of a plurality of adjacent chapels. More precisely still, it is proposed by the present invention such a shelter equipped with means allowing retraction and rapid deployment of the flexible cover, without however being subject to a particular conformation of the chapels, the retracted cover preferably being easily accessible by an operator for his protection. More precisely finally, it is proposed by the present invention such a shelter comprising means for maintaining overall tension of the cover, which make it possible to continuously adjust this tension, to adapt it at a given instant to climatic conditions and according to the evolution of coverage over time.
L'abri horticole de la présente invention comprend une ossature délimitant une pluralité de chapelles successivement adjacentes. Cette ossature, qui constitue un support pour une couverture souple escamotable, comprend des poteaux de soutien d'une pluralité de fermes, dont un premier groupe de poteaux d'ancrage de l'ossature au sol. Les fermes comprennent chacune un arceau rigide et sont alignées, et entretoisées, de manière à être maintenues à distance l'une de l'autre. Les arceaux des fermes délimitant une même chapelle sont aboutés aux arceaux correspondant d'une chapelle voisine, chaque arceau étant soutenu à son sommet par un poteau médian et à ses extrémités par un élément transversal de base s'étendant transversalement d'une chapelle à l'autre. Les arceaux des chapelles d'extrémité sont en outre soutenus par des poteaux de soutien respectif de leur extrémité libre.The horticultural shelter of the present invention comprises a framework delimiting a plurality of successively adjacent chapels. This frame, which constitutes a support for a retractable flexible cover, comprises support posts for a plurality of trusses, including a first group of posts for anchoring the frame to the ground. The trusses each include a rigid hoop and are aligned, and braced, so as to be kept at a distance from each other. The arches of the farms delimiting the same chapel are joined to the corresponding arches of a neighboring chapel, each arch being supported at its top by a median post and at its ends by a basic transverse element extending transversely from a chapel to the 'other. The arches of the end chapels are further supported by respective support posts of their free end.
Selon la présente invention, un tel abri est principalement reconnaissable en ce que l'ossature est maintenue rigide par des premières structures triangulées de maintien en conformation des arceaux dans leur plan général, et par des deuxièmes structures triangulées s'étendant dans un plan longitudinal sensiblement médian d'une chapelle respective. Ces premières et deuxièmes structures triangulées associent avantageusement des éléments rigides soutenus par le dit élément de base transversal et un câblage reliant entre eux ces éléments rigides. La couverture globale de l'abri étant quant à elle composée d'une pluralité de couvertures élémentaires affectées à chacune des chapelles, les couvertures élémentaires sont équipées de moyens individuels de puissance pour leur déploiement sous tension et inversement leur repliement positifs. Ces moyens individuels mettent notamment en œuvre au moins un treuil exerçant une traction à l'un au moins d'un bord de la couverture élémentaire correspondante. Il résulte de ces dispositions que l'ossature est rendue légère et peu massive grâce à son maintien rigide par lesdites premières et deuxièmes structures triangulées.According to the present invention, such a shelter is mainly recognizable in that the framework is kept rigid by first triangulated structures for keeping the arcs in conformation in their general plane, and by second triangulated structures extending in a longitudinal plane substantially. median of a respective chapel. These first and second triangulated structures advantageously combine rigid elements supported by said transverse base element and a wiring connecting these rigid elements to one another. The overall cover of the shelter being made up of a plurality of elementary covers assigned to each of the chapels, the elementary covers are equipped with individual power means for their deployment under tension and conversely their positive folding. These individual means implement in particular at least one winch exerting traction on at least one of the edges of the corresponding elementary cover. It follows from these provisions that the frame is made light and not massive thanks to its rigid support by said first and second triangulated structures.
Ces dispositions permettent notamment de réduire le nombre et l'importance des poteaux de soutien du premier groupe d'ancrage de l'ossature au sol, sans pour autant faire obstacle à la mise en place d'une couverture susceptible d'être déployée en étant fermement maintenue sous tension selon les conditions atmosphériques. On comprendra en cela que cette mise sous tension ferme de la couverture peut intervenir sans mettre en péril le maintien en rigidité de l'ossature, nonobstant sa légèreté intrinsèque.These provisions make it possible in particular to reduce the number and the importance of the support posts of the first anchoring group of the framework on the ground, without however hindering the installation of a cover likely to be deployed by being firmly maintained under tension according to atmospheric conditions. It will be understood in this that this firm tensioning of the cover can occur without jeopardizing the rigidity of the frame, notwithstanding its intrinsic lightness.
Selon une forme préférée de réalisation de la première structure thangulée, les éléments rigides qu'elle comporte comprennent des jambes de soutien inclinées dans le plan général de l'arceau, et un poteau suspendu participant d'un deuxième groupe de poteaux, ce poteau suspendu prenant appui sur l'élément de base transversal pour soutenir l'arceau à son sommet. Le câblage quant à lui comprend l'élément de base transversal constitué d'un câble transversal de base, et un câble transversal à ligne brisée reliant l'une à l'autre les extrémités de l'arceau.According to a preferred embodiment of the first thangulated structure, the rigid elements which it comprises comprise support legs inclined in the general plane of the arch, and a suspended pole participating in a second group of poles, this suspended pole bearing on the transverse base element to support the arch at its top. The wiring, for its part, comprises the transverse base element consisting of a base transverse cable, and a broken line transverse cable connecting the ends of the arch to one another.
De préférence, le câble transversal de base et le câble transversal à ligne brisée relient successivement les uns aux autres les arceaux successivement aboutés des chapelles, et sont ancrés au sol à leurs extrémités pour contreventer transversalement l'ensemble structurel composé des arceaux aboutés.Preferably, the basic transverse cable and the broken line transverse cable successively connect to each other the successively butted hoops of the chapels, and are anchored to the ground at their ends to transversely brace the structural assembly composed of the butted hoops.
Selon une forme préférée de réalisation, les éléments rigides que comporte la première structure triangulée comprennent des poteaux du premier groupe soutenant des arceaux à leur sommet, les poteaux suspendus du deuxième groupe et des entretoises reliant entre eux les arceaux d'une même chapelle, au moins à leurs extrémités sinon aussi à leur sommet. Le câblage est quant à lui constitué d'un câblage de contreventement longitudinal, qui comprend un câble longitudinal, au moins de base, et au moins un câble longitudinal à ligne brisée qui relient successivement entre eux ceux des poteaux du premier groupe porteurs des arceaux et les poteaux suspendus du deuxième groupe. On relèvera qu'au moins le câble longitudinal de base est ancré au sol à ses extrémités, sinon aussi le câble longitudinal à ligne brisée.According to a preferred embodiment, the rigid elements that the first triangulated structure comprises comprise posts of the first group supporting arches at their top, the suspended posts of the second group and spacers connecting together the arches of the same chapel, at less at their ends if not also at their top. The wiring consists of a longitudinal bracing wiring, which includes a longitudinal cable, at least basic, and at least one longitudinal cable with broken line which successively connect those of the posts of the first group carrying the arches and the hanging posts of the second group. It should be noted that at least the basic longitudinal cable is anchored to the ground at its ends, otherwise also the longitudinal cable with broken line.
Selon une forme préférée de réalisation visant au déploiement et inversement au repliement de la couverture de l'abri, chacune des couvertures élémentaires est dotée à ses extrémités d'une tringle respective de maintien de ses bords en conformation, ledit treuil au moins étant disposé en bout de chapelle pour manœuvrer au moins un câble de tension orienté dans le sens d'extension de la chapelle. On comprendra que ce câble de tension est en relation avec l'une au moins des dites tringles par l'intermédiaire de poulies de renvoi. La présente invention va être décrite en relation avec les figures des planches annexées qui illustrent des exemples préférés de réalisation de cette invention, dans lesquelles planches:According to a preferred embodiment intended for the deployment and conversely for the folding of the cover of the shelter, each of the elementary covers is provided at its ends with a respective rod for maintaining its edges in conformation, said winch at least being arranged in end of the chapel for operating at least one tension cable oriented in the direction of extension of the chapel. It will be understood that this tension cable is in relation with at least one of said rods by means of return pulleys. The present invention will be described in relation to the figures of the appended plates which illustrate preferred examples of embodiment of this invention, in which plates:
Les fig.1 , fig.2 et fig.3 sont des schémas d'une ossature d'un abri pour arbres fruitiers selon une forme préférée de réalisation de l'invention, respectivement vue de face, vue en perspective avant et vue en perspective de dessus.Fig.1, Fig.2 and Fig.3 are diagrams of a framework of a shelter for fruit trees according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, respectively front view, front perspective view and perspective view On top.
La fig.4 est un schéma en perspective de dessus, illustrant une première variante de réalisation de moyens de fixation sous tension et de moyens de mise sous tension globale d'une couverture souple déployable sur une ossature représentée sur les figures précédentes.Fig.4 is a perspective diagram from above, illustrating a first alternative embodiment of fastening means under tension and means of overall tensioning of a flexible cover deployable on a frame shown in the previous figures.
La fig.5 est une vue en perspective de dessus, illustrant les moyens de fixation de la couverture sur l'ossature représentés sur la fig.4.Fig.5 is a perspective view from above, illustrating the means of fixing the cover on the frame shown in fig.4.
La fig.6 est une vue en perspective de dessus, illustrant les moyens de mise sous tension globale de la couverture sur l'ossature, représentés sur la fig.4. La fig.7 est une vue en perspective de biais, illustrant l'organe de manœuvre des moyens de fixation sous tension et de mise sous tension globale de la couverture sur l'ossature représentés sur la fig.4.Fig.6 is a perspective view from above, illustrating the overall tensioning means of the cover on the frame, shown in fig.4. Fig.7 is a perspective view of bias, illustrating the operating member of the fastening means under tension and overall tensioning of the cover on the frame shown in fig.4.
Les fig.8 et fig.9 sont des schémas illustrant des variantes respectives d'obturation d'espaces de ventilation de l'abri représenté sur les figures précédentes. Les fig 10 et fig 11 sont des schémas en perspective de dessus, illustrant une deuxième variante de réalisation des moyens de fixation sous tension d'une couverture souple sur une ossature représentée sur les figures précédentes, la couverture étant en position repliée, Les fig 12 et fig 13 sont des vues en perspective de dessus, illustrant les moyens de mise sous tension de la couverture, selon la variante de réalisation représentée sur les fig 10 et fig 11 , respectivement en position déployée et en position repliée de la couvertureFig.8 and Fig.9 are diagrams illustrating respective variants of closing ventilation spaces of the shelter shown in the previous figures. FIGS. 10 and FIG. 11 are diagrams in perspective from above, illustrating a second alternative embodiment of the means for fastening under tension a flexible cover to a framework shown in the preceding figures, the cover being in the folded position, FIGS. 12 and fig 13 are perspective views from above, illustrating the means of tensioning the cover, according to the alternative embodiment shown in fig 10 and fig 11, respectively in the deployed position and in the folded position of the cover
Sur les fig 1 à fig 3, un abri horticole comprend une ossature 1 délimitant une pluralité de chapelles 2, 2', 2" successivement adjacentes, qui comprend des poteaux 3,3' et 4, 4', 4" de soutien d'une pluralité de fermes alignées et entretoisées de manière à être maintenues à distance l'une de l'autre La disposition des fermes est telle qu'elles définissent conjointement le volume de protection offert par chacune des chapelles y afférentes Cette ossature 1 constitue un support pour une couverture souple escamotable 13 et 13' affectée à chacune des chapelles 2,2',2"In fig 1 to fig 3, a horticultural shelter comprises a framework 1 delimiting a plurality of chapels 2, 2 ', 2 "successively adjacent, which comprises posts 3.3' and 4, 4 ', 4" supporting a plurality of trusses aligned and braced so as to be kept at a distance from each other The arrangement of the trusses is such that they jointly define the volume of protection offered by each of the associated chapels This framework 1 constitutes a support for a retractable flexible cover 13 and 13 'assigned to each of the chapels 2,2', 2 "
Chaque ferme comprend un arceau rigide 5, 5', 5" maintenu en conformation dans son plan général par une première structure triangulée Les arceaux 5 des fermes délimitant une même chapelle 2 sont aboutés aux arceaux correspondant 5' d'une chapelle voisine 2' Chaque arceau 5 est soutenu à son sommet par un poteau médian 4 ou 6, ces poteaux étant soit des poteaux 4 participant d'un premier groupe d'ancrage de l'ossature 1 au sol, soit des poteaux suspendus 6 participant de la première structure triangulée On remarquera que les arceaux 5 et 5" des chapelles d'extrémité sont en outre préférentiellement soutenus par des poteaux de soutien respectif 3,3' de leur extrémité libreEach truss comprises a rigid hoop 5, 5 ′, 5 "held in conformation in its general plane by a first triangulated structure The hoops 5 of the trusses delimiting the same chapel 2 are joined to the corresponding hoops 5 'of a neighboring chapel 2' Each hoop 5 is supported at its top by a median pole 4 or 6, these poles being either poles 4 participating in a first anchoring group of the framework 1 to the ground, or suspended poles 6 participating in the first triangulated structure It will be noted that the arches 5 and 5 "of the end chapels are also preferably supported by respective support posts 3.3 'from their free end
Il apparaît que l'ossature 1 est organisée pour offrir la possibilité de circuler sous l'abri d'une chapelle 2, 2', 2" à une autre, et que les poteaux 4,4', 4" du premier groupe, d'un nombre limité, ne sont pas situés dans les zones habituellement réservées à la circulation autour des arbres On relèvera néanmoins que les dispositions prévues par l'invention, prises seules ou en combinaison, sont applicables tant à un abri composé de plusieurs chapelles, qu'à un abri comprenant une chapelle unique Il apparaît aussi que la structure de l'abri est telle que l'ossature est globalement allégée par rapport à celles de l'art antérieur, ce qui facilite son installation et permet de réduire le coût d'obtention de l'abri.It appears that the framework 1 is organized to offer the possibility of circulating under the shelter of a chapel 2, 2 ', 2 "to another, and that the posts 4,4', 4" of the first group, d '' a limited number are not located in the areas usually reserved for traffic around trees It will nevertheless be noted that the provisions of the invention, taken alone or in combination, are applicable both to a shelter composed of several chapels, that '' to a shelter including a unique chapel It also appears that the structure of the shelter is such that the framework is generally lightened compared to those of the prior art, which facilitates its installation and makes it possible to reduce the cost of obtaining the shelter.
Les arceaux 5 d'une chapelle commune 2 sont reliés entre eux par des entretoises rigides 8, 8', 8". Ces entretoises sont orientées longitudinalement dans le sens d'extension des chapelles 2, 2', 2", et comprennent un jeu d'entretoises d'extrémités 8'8" des arceaux et accessoirement une entretoise de sommet 8, les entretoises d'extrémités 8" des arceaux aboutés 5,5' de deux chapelles voisines 2,2' étant confondues. Selon diverses variantes de réalisation qui seront décrites plus loin, les entretoises 8, 8', 8" sont, soit rigides telles qu'illustrées sur les fig.10 à fig.13, en étant constituées par des tubes par exemple, soit formées par des câbles, et notamment des câbles principaux 19, tel qu'illustré sur les fig.4 à fig.7.The arches 5 of a common chapel 2 are interconnected by rigid spacers 8, 8 ', 8 ". These spacers are oriented longitudinally in the direction of extension of the chapels 2, 2', 2", and include a clearance end spacers 8'8 "of the arches and incidentally a top spacer 8, the end spacers 8" of the arches butted 5.5 'of two neighboring chapels 2.2' being combined. According to various variant embodiments which will be described later, the spacers 8, 8 ′, 8 "are either rigid as illustrated in FIGS. 10 to FIG. 13, being constituted by tubes for example, or formed by cables, and in particular main cables 19, as illustrated in fig.4 to fig.7.
Le premier système triangulé associe un câblage transversal 9, 9', 9" et 10 et des éléments rigides, le câblage transversal comprenant un câble transversal de base 10 et un câble transversal à ligne brisée 9 qui relie l'une à l'autre les extrémités de l'arceau 5. Un même câble transversal de base 10 et un même câble transversal à ligne brisée 9, 9', 9" sont utilisés pour relier les extrémités des arceaux 5, 5', 5" avec celles des arceaux voisins des chapelles 2, 2', 2" adjacentes. Ces dispositions sont favorables à la rigidification globale de l'ossature, en ce que ces mêmes câbles 10 et 9 sont ancrés au sol à leurs extrémités 11 ,11', de manière à contreventer transversalement l'ensemble structurel composé des arceaux aboutés 5, 5', 5" des chapelles successives 2, 2', 2".The first triangulated system combines transverse wiring 9, 9 ', 9 "and 10 and rigid elements, the transverse wiring comprising a basic transverse cable 10 and a broken line transverse cable 9 which connects the ends of the arch 5. The same basic transverse cable 10 and the same broken line transverse cable 9, 9 ′, 9 "are used to connect the ends of the arches 5, 5 ′, 5" with those of the neighboring arches of the adjacent chapels 2, 2 ', 2 ". These provisions are favorable to the overall stiffening of the frame, in that these same cables 10 and 9 are anchored to the ground at their ends 11, 11 ', so as to transversely brace the structural assembly composed of butted arches 5, 5 ', 5 "of successive chapels 2, 2', 2".
Les éléments rigides de la première structure triangulée comprennent des jambes de soutien 12,12', qui relient le câble de base 10 à une zone respective intermédiaire des arceaux 5, située entre leur sommet et l'une de leurs extrémités correspondantes. Ces jambes de soutien 12,12' sont en outre reliées en contreventement à l'extrémité de l'arceau 5 et à son sommet par le câble 9, 9', 9" à ligne brisée participant du premier système triangulé. Par ailleurs, au moins les arceaux 5, 5', 5" d'extrémité des chapelles sont contreventés dans le sens longitudinal des chapelles par des jambes de renfort 14,14'. Ces jambes de renfort 14,14' prennent appui d'une part dans la zone intermédiaire de liaison entre les jambes de soutien 12, 12' et les arceaux 5, 5', 5", et d'autre part contre le poteau de soutien voisin, et notamment le poteau suspendu 6 tel qu'illustré sur les figures. Par ailleurs, l'ossature 1 comprend en outre des deuxièmes structures triangulées formées chacune d'un câblage de contreventement longitudinal des chapelles auxquelles chaque deuxième structure triangulée est affectée. Les deuxièmes structures triangulées relient entre elles les fermes d'une même chapelle 2, par l'intermédiaire des poteaux 4 et 6 de soutien des arceaux 5. Plus particulièrement, le câblage longitudinal participant de la deuxième structure triangulée relie successivement en alternance les poteaux suspendus 6 aux poteaux d'ancrage 4 au sol. Ce câblage comprend des câbles longitudinaux, de base 7 et de sommet 15, et un câblage longitudinal 16,16' à ligne brisée. Les câbles longitudinaux participant des deuxièmes structures triangulées sont ancrés au sol 40 par l'intermédiaire de poteaux d'extrémité longitudinale des chapelles 2,2',2".The rigid elements of the first triangulated structure include support legs 12, 12 ′, which connect the base cable 10 to a respective intermediate zone of the arches 5, situated between their top and one of their corresponding ends. These support legs 12, 12 ′ are also connected in bracing at the end of the arch 5 and at its top by the broken line cable 9, 9 ′, 9 ″ participating in the first triangulated system. Furthermore, at minus the hoops 5, 5 ′, 5 "at the end of the chapels are braced in the longitudinal direction of the chapels by reinforcing legs 14,14 '. These reinforcement legs 14,14 'bear on the one hand in the intermediate connection zone between the support legs 12, 12' and the arches 5, 5 ', 5 ", and on the other hand against the support post next door, and in particular the suspended post 6 as illustrated in the figures In addition, the framework 1 further comprises second triangulated structures each formed by a longitudinal bracing wiring of the chapels to which each second triangulated structure is assigned. second triangulated structures connect the trusses of the same chapel 2 to one another, by means of the poles 4 and 6 for supporting the poles 5. More particularly, the participating longitudinal wiring of the second triangulated structure successively alternately connects the suspended poles 6 to the ground anchor posts 4. This wiring comprises longitudinal cables, base 7 and top 15, and longitudinal wiring 16,16 'with broken line. inals participating in the second triangulated structures are anchored to the ground 40 by means of posts at the longitudinal end of the chapels 2,2 ′, 2 ".
On relèvera que la conformation des arceaux 5, 5', 5" peut indifféremment être en anse de panier, en voûte romane ou gothique, ou encore en demi-goutte d'eau. On relèvera plus particulièrement que cette liberté de choix d'une quelconque conformation des arceaux 5, 5', 5" et donc du volume des chapelles 2,2',2" qu'ils définissent, est notamment rendue possible, non seulement grâce à la structure proposée par l'invention quant à l'organisation de l'ossature 1 , mais aussi grâce aux dispositions qu'elle prévoit concernant les moyens de déploiement et de maintien de la couverture souple de l'abri, tels qu'elles vont être décrites ci-après.It will be noted that the conformation of the arches 5, 5 ′, 5 "can indifferently be in a basket handle, in Romanesque or Gothic vault, or even in a half drop of water. It will be noted more particularly that this freedom of choice of a any shape of the arches 5, 5 ', 5 "and therefore the volume of the chapels 2,2', 2" which they define, is notably made possible, not only thanks to the structure proposed by the invention as to the organization of the frame 1, but also thanks to the provisions it provides for the means of deployment and maintenance of the flexible cover of the shelter, as they will be described below.
La couverture globale de l'abri est composée d'une pluralité de couvertures élémentaires 13 ou 13', affectées à chacune des chapelles, qui sont chacune dotées à leurs extrémités de tringles respectives 17, 17' de maintien de leurs bords en conformation. L'une au moins de ces tringles 17,17' est librement soutenues par les arceaux 5 délimitant conjointement la chapelle correspondante, de manière à être mobile en glissement le long de ces arceaux 5, en vue du déploiement et inversement du repliement des couvertures élémentaires 13,13'. Selon une première variante de réalisation des moyens de mise sous tension de la couverture, illustrée sur les fig.4 à fig.7, une première tringle 17 des couvertures élémentaires 13 est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un premier filin 18 à un câble principal 19 orienté dans le sens d'extension des chapelles 2. La deuxième tringle 17' des couvertures élémentaires 13' est quant à elle reliée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un deuxième filin 21 à un premier câble de tension 22 enroulé autour d'un premier treuil 23. Ce premier câble de tension 22 est orienté dans le sens d'extension de la chapelle correspondante 2' sensiblement parallèlement au câble principal 19. La liaison de l'extrémité correspondante du deuxième filin 21 avec la tringle correspondante 17' de la couverture élémentaire 13' est effectuée par des moyens 24 de fixation facilement ruptible par un geste volontaire de l'utilisateur. La liaison de l'autre extrémité du deuxième filin 21 est quant à elle effectuée par fixation de cette extrémité sur le premier câble de tension 22, au moyen d'une bride 25 agencée en serre-câble, après son passage le long d'une première poulie de renvoi 26 qui est ancrée 27 sur le câble principal 19, voire de manière analogue sur l'ossature 1 .The overall cover of the shelter is composed of a plurality of elementary covers 13 or 13 ', assigned to each of the chapels, which are each provided at their ends with respective rods 17, 17' to keep their edges in conformation. At least one of these rods 17, 17 ′ is freely supported by the arches 5 jointly delimiting the corresponding chapel, so as to be movable in sliding along these arches 5, with a view to the deployment and conversely of the folding of the elementary covers 13.13. According to a first alternative embodiment of the means for tensioning the cover, illustrated in FIGS. 4 to FIG. 7, a first rod 17 of the elementary covers 13 is connected by means of at least one first rope 18 to a main cable 19 oriented in the direction of extension of the chapels 2. The second rod 17 'of the elementary covers 13' is in turn connected by means of at least a second rope 21 to a first tensioned cable 22 wound around a first winch 23. This first tension cable 22 is oriented in the direction of extension of the corresponding chapel 2 'substantially parallel to the main cable 19. The connection of the corresponding end of the second rope 21 with the corresponding rod 17 ′ of the elementary cover 13 ′ is carried out by means 24 of attachment which can be easily broken by a voluntary gesture by the user. The connection of the other end of the second rope 21 is effected by fixing this end to the first tension cable 22, by means of a flange 25 arranged in a cable clamp, after its passage along a first return pulley 26 which is anchored 27 on the main cable 19, or similarly on the frame 1.
Ces dispositions sont telles que chacune des couvertures élémentaires 13,13' peut être rapidement déployée et fixée sur l'ossature 1 , grâce aux moyens de liaison facilement ruptible, et être facilement mise sous tension à partir de la manœuvre du premier treuil correspondant 23. Inversement, ces dispositions sont telles que chacune des couvertures élémentaires 13, 13' peut être rapidement et facilement enroulées autour de l'une de leur tringle, respectivement 17 ou 17', après rupture de leur liaison avec le premier filin correspondant 18.These arrangements are such that each of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ can be rapidly deployed and fixed to the framework 1, by virtue of the easily breakable connection means, and can be easily energized from the operation of the corresponding first winch 23. Conversely, these arrangements are such that each of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ can be quickly and easily wound around one of their rods, respectively 17 or 17 ′, after their connection with the first corresponding rope 18 has been broken.
Il en découle aussi de manière analogue que l'abri est facilement et rapidement montable et démontable, tant en ce qui concerne l'ossature 1 tel que visé plus haut, qu'en ce qui concerne la pose et la dépose des couvertures élémentaires 13 et 13'.It also follows in a similar manner that the shelter is easily and quickly mountable and dismountable, both with regard to the framework 1 as mentioned above, as with regard to the installation and removal of the elementary covers 13 and 13 '.
Toujours selon cette variante, l'abri est en outre équipé de moyens de réglage occasionnel de la tension globale de chacune, voire conjointement de l'ensemble, des couvertures élémentaires après leur fixation à l'ossature 1. Ces moyens de réglage comprennent un jeu de sangles, préférentiellement élastiques, qui sont orientées transversalement aux chapelles 2, 2', 2" en prenant appui sur les couvertures élémentaires, et qui sont équiréparties suivant la longueur des chapelles en étant situées dans l'espace séparant deux poteaux 4 et 6 de soutien des arceaux 5. Une première extrémité des sangles 28 est reliée au câble principal 19, cette liaison étant par exemple effectuée par des moyens 29 de fixation facilement ruptible par un geste volontaire de l'utilisateur. La deuxième extrémité des sangles 28' est quant à elle reliée à un deuxième câble de tension 30 enroulé autour d'un deuxième treuil 31. Cette liaison de la deuxième extrémité des sangles 28' est effectuée par la fixation de cette extrémité sur le deuxième câble de tension 30, au moyen d'une bride 32 agencée en serre câble par exemple, après son passage le long d'une deuxième poulie de renvoi 33. Cette poulie 33 est ancrée 34 sur le câble principal 19, ou de manière analogue sur l'ossature 1. On comprendra que de manière analogue aux dispositions relatives à l'orientation du premier câble de tension 22, le deuxième câble de tension 30 est orienté dans le sens d'extension de la chapelle correspondante, sensiblement parallèlement au câble principal 19. On notera aussi que cette similitude d'orientation et de disposition des premier 22 et deuxième 30 câbles de tension permet de placer les premier et deuxième treuils 23 et 31 à proximité l'un de l'autre. Sur l'exemple de réalisation illustré, les premier 23 et deuxième 31 treuils sont avantageusement rassemblés en un organe unique, supporté par le câble principal 19 ou de manière analogue par l'ossature 1.Still according to this variant, the shelter is furthermore equipped with means for occasionally adjusting the overall tension of each, or even jointly of the whole, of the elementary covers after they have been fixed to the framework 1. These adjustment means comprise a set of straps, preferably elastic, which are oriented transversely to the chapels 2, 2 ′, 2 "while resting on the elementary covers, and which are equally distributed along the length of the chapels while being located in space separating two poles 4 and 6 for supporting the poles 5. A first end of the straps 28 is connected to the main cable 19, this connection being for example effected by means 29 of fastening which are easily broken by a voluntary gesture by the user. end of the straps 28 ′ is connected to a second tension cable 30 wound around a second winch 31. This connection of the second end of the straps 28 ′ is effected by fixing this end to the second tension cable 30, by means of a flange 32 arranged in a cable clamp for example, after its passage along a second return pulley 33. This pulley 33 is anchored 34 on the main cable 19, or similarly on the frame 1. It will be understood that in a similar manner to the provisions relating to the orientation of the first tension cable 22, the second tension cable 30 is oriented in the direction of extension of the corresponding chapel, substantially parallel to the main cable 19. It will also be noted that this similar orientation and arrangement of the first 22 and second 30 tension cables makes it possible to place the first and second winches 23 and 31 near one of the other. In the illustrated embodiment, the first 23 and second 31 winches are advantageously brought together in a single member, supported by the main cable 19 or in a similar manner by the framework 1.
Il découle des dispositions susvisées qu'il est rendu possible une intervention rapide de l'utilisateur sur les conditions de mise sous tension globale des couvertures élémentaires 13,13', tant individuellement que collectivement. On comprendra notamment que cette intervention occasionnelle peut être effectuée facilement en cas d'une détente des couvertures élémentaires 13,13', suite à ces conditions climatiques violentes ou suite à l'usure. On notera concernant les différents moyens, tels que 20,20'24,29, de fixation facilement ruptible par un geste volontaire de l'utilisateur, que ces moyens sont avantageusement constitués par des organes d'accrochage, tel que crochets, mousquetons ou analogues. Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation des moyens de mise sous tension de la couverture, illustrée sur les fig 10 à fig 13, une première tringle 17 de la couverture élémentaire 13 est fixée sur les arceaux 5 de la chapelle correspondante 2 Au moins une lanière 41 est en prise à chacune de ses extrémités, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une poulie de renvoi 42 et 42' respective, sur des câbles de tension 43 et 43' qui leurs sont respectivement affectés et qui sont manœuvrables par un treuil respectif 44 et 44' La lanière 41 est par ailleurs en prise entre ses extrémités sur la deuxième tringle 17', qui est mobile le long des arceaux 5 Ces dispositions sont telles que la lanière 41 est refermée en boucle sur elle-même pour exercer une traction sur la couverture élémentaire 13 au déploiement et inversement au repliement, au moyen d'un treuil respectif 44 et 44' de manœuvre d'un câble de tension 43 et 43' correspondant On remarquera notamment sur la fig 10 la présence de support 48 de renvoi de la lanière 41 , qui s'étend sous la couverture élémentaire 13, ces guides 48 étant portés par l'armature 1It follows from the aforementioned provisions that it is made possible rapid intervention by the user on the conditions of global tensioning of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′, both individually and collectively. It will be understood in particular that this occasional intervention can be carried out easily in the event of a relaxation of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′, following these severe climatic conditions or following wear. It will be noted with regard to the various means, such as 20, 20, 24, 29, of fastening easily breakable by a voluntary gesture of the user, that these means are advantageously constituted by hooking members, such as hooks, carabiners or the like. . According to a second alternative embodiment of the means for tensioning the cover, illustrated in FIGS. 10 to FIG. 13, a first rod 17 of the elementary cover 13 is fixed to the arches 5 of the corresponding chapel 2 At least one strap 41 is engaged at each of its ends, by means of at least one pulley 42 and 42 'respectively, on tension cables 43 and 43' which are respectively assigned to them and which are maneuverable by a respective winch 44 and 44 'The strap 41 is also engaged between its ends on the second rod 17', which is movable along the arches 5 These arrangements are such that the strap 41 is closed in a loop on itself to exert traction on the elementary cover 13 in deployment and vice versa in folding, by means of a respective winch 44 and 44 ′ for operating a corresponding tension cable 43 and 43 ′. It will be noted in particular in FIG. presence of support 48 for returning the strap 41, which extends under the elementary cover 13, these guides 48 being carried by the frame 1
On relèvera que la manœuvre de la tringle mobile 17' le long des arceaux est effectué par un maintien ferme de la tringle mobile 17', à partir des tensions antagonistes respectivement exercées sur cette tringle mobile 17' par les treuils 44 et 44' lors du déploiement et inversement du repliement de la couverture élémentaire 13It will be noted that the maneuvering of the movable rod 17 'along the arches is carried out by a firm hold of the movable rod 17', from the opposing tensions exerted respectively on this movable rod 17 'by the winches 44 and 44' during the deployment and vice versa of the folding of the elementary cover 13
On comprendra que les lanières 41 sont de préférence en pluralité en étant reliées de manière similaire aux treuils 44 et 44' et à la deuxième tringle 17', pour permettre un guidage idoine de la tringle 17' en glissement sur les arceaux 5 La lanière 41 est en prise sur la deuxième tringle 17' par l'intermédiaire d'une bride 45, une lanière intermédiaire 46 en prise sur cette bride 45 prolongeant la lanière 41 depuis la deuxième tringle 17' vers le câble de tension 43 correspondant, en circulant à travers un guide 47 porté par l'ossature 1 , et notamment par la première tringle 17 fixée aux arceaux 5It will be understood that the straps 41 are preferably in plurality by being connected in a similar manner to the winches 44 and 44 'and to the second rod 17', to allow suitable guidance of the rod 17 'sliding on the hoops 5 The strap 41 is engaged on the second rod 17 'via a flange 45, an intermediate strap 46 engaged on this flange 45 extending the strap 41 from the second rod 17' to the corresponding tension cable 43, circulating at through a guide 47 carried by the frame 1, and in particular by the first rod 17 fixed to the arches 5
On relèvera que pour ces différentes variantes de réalisation des moyens de mise sous tension de la couverture de l'abri, il est rendu possible d'utiliser des mêmes câbles de tension 22,43,43' pour l'ensemble des couvertures élémentaires 13,13', ces câbles 22,43,43' s'étendant successivement selon cette variante non représentée sur les figures, de l'une à l'autre et dans le sens d'extension des chapelles 2, 2', 2", par l'intermédiaire de poulies de renvoi, en étant relié à un treuil correspondant unique de manœuvre et commun à l'ensemble des couvertures élémentaires 13,13' simultanément mais néanmoins individuellement manœuvrables.It will be noted that for these various alternative embodiments of the means for tensioning the cover of the shelter, it is made possible to use the same tension cables 22,43,43 ′ for all of the elementary covers 13, 13 ', these cables 22,43,43' extending successively according to this variant not shown in the figures, from one to the other and in the direction of extension of the chapels 2, 2 ′, 2 ", by means of deflection pulleys, while being connected to a corresponding corresponding winch for maneuvering and common to all elementary covers 13,13 'simultaneously but nevertheless individually operable.
On relèvera encore que les différents treuils sont indifféremment chacun à manœuvre manuelle ou motorisée. Dans ce dernier cas, il est avantageux de placer la motorisation des treuils sous la dépendance de moyens de commande, comprenant notamment des capteurs de température, des capteurs hygrométriques et des capteurs éoliens par exemple.It will also be noted that the different winches are indifferently each with manual or motorized operation. In the latter case, it is advantageous to place the motorization of the winches under the control of control means, notably comprising temperature sensors, hygrometric sensors and wind sensors for example.
On comprendra que les dispositions illustrées et décrites pour les couvertures 13 et 13' le sont pour leurs extrémités visibles sur les figures, et qu'il doit être compris que ces dispositions sont à transposer de l'une à l'autre des couvertures 13 et 13' au regard de leurs bords correspondant. On notera aussi que le câblage de rigidification de l'ossature 1 , tel que celui participant des premier et deuxième systèmes triangulés notamment, et celui participant des moyens de mise sous tension de la couverture 13,13', tant à sa fixation qu'à sa mise sous tension globale, sont de préférence formés à partir de câbles en acier galvanisé. En se reportant aux fig.8 et fig.9, l'abri est en outre équipé de moyens d'évacuation des eaux pluviales reçues par chacune des couvertures élémentaires 13,13'. Ces moyens comprennent en premier lieu des moyens de maintien des bords des couvertures élémentaires 13,13' à distance des extrémités des arceaux 5, 5', 5", tel que cela apparaît sur les fig.3 et fig.4. Ces moyens sont constitués par les premier 18 et deuxième 21 filins, participant des moyens de fixation sous tension des couvertures élémentaires 13,13'.It will be understood that the arrangements illustrated and described for the covers 13 and 13 ′ are for their visible ends in the figures, and that it must be understood that these arrangements are to be transposed from one of the covers 13 and 13 'with regard to their corresponding edges. It will also be noted that the stiffening wiring of the frame 1, such as that participating in the first and second triangulated systems in particular, and that participating in the means of tensioning the cover 13, 13 ′, both at its fixing and at its global tensioning, are preferably formed from galvanized steel cables. Referring to fig.8 and fig.9, the shelter is further equipped with means for discharging rainwater received by each of the elementary covers 13,13 '. These means comprise in the first place means for holding the edges of the elementary covers 13, 13 ′ at a distance from the ends of the arches 5, 5 ′, 5 ", as shown in FIGS. 3 and FIG. 4. constituted by the first 18 and second 21 ropes, participating in the means of fastening elementary covers 13,13 '.
En deuxième lieu, les moyens d'évacuation des eaux pluviales comprennent des bavettes 35,35' ou 36,36', soutenues par l'ossature 1 , qui prolongent sensiblement les couvertures élémentaires 13,13' depuis leurs bords jusqu'à la base des arceaux 5,5'. Ces bavettes 35,35' ou 36,36' sont placées sous les arceaux 5,5' de manière à ménager un espace de ventilation 37,37' entre elles et les couvertures élémentaires 13,13'. En troisième lieu enfin, les moyens d'évacuation des eaux pluviales comprennent des goulottes 38 d'évacuation des eaux collectées par les bavettes 35,35' ou 36,36', qui sont notamment soutenues par l'ossature 1 à la base des arceaux 5,5'. Selon une forme préférée de réalisation, les espaces de ventilation 37,37' sont pourvus d'organes d'obturation escamotables, tels que 39,39' ou 35,35'.Secondly, the means for evacuating rainwater comprise flaps 35.35 'or 36.36', supported by the frame 1, which substantially extend the elementary covers 13.13 'from their edges to the base. 5.5 'arches. These flaps 35.35 'or 36.36' are placed under the arches 5.5 'so as to provide a ventilation space 37.37' between them and the elementary covers 13.13 '. Finally, thirdly, the means for evacuating rainwater comprise chutes 38 for evacuating the water collected by the flaps 35.35 ′ or 36.36 ′, which are in particular supported by the framework 1 at the base of the arches 5.5. According to a preferred embodiment, the ventilation spaces 37.37 ′ are provided with retractable shutter members, such as 39.39 ′ or 35.35 ′.
Selon une première variante illustrée sur la fig.8, ces organes d'obturationAccording to a first variant illustrated in FIG. 8, these shutter members
39,39' sont constitués par au moins une gaine souple gonflable occupant l'espace de ventilation 37 ou 37' correspondant. Ces gaines souples 39,39' sont conformées pour, soit obturer l'espace de ventilation 37,37' lorsqu'elles sont gonflées, soit libérer cet espace lorsqu'elles sont dégonflées.39.39 ′ consist of at least one inflatable flexible sheath occupying the corresponding ventilation space 37 or 37 ′. These flexible sheaths 39, 39 'are shaped to either close the ventilation space 37, 37' when inflated, or free this space when they are deflated.
Selon une deuxième variante illustrée sur la fig.9, ces organes d'obturation sont constitués par les bavettes 35,35' elles-mêmes, qui sont montées de manière articulée à la base des arceaux 5,5' entre une position d'ouverture dans laquelle elles libèrent l'espace de ventilation, 37 sur l'exemple illustré, et une position de fermeture dans laquelle elles obstruent cet espace de ventilation, 37' sur l'exemple illustré. According to a second variant illustrated in FIG. 9, these shutter members consist of the flaps 35, 35 ′ themselves, which are mounted in an articulated manner at the base of the arches 5.5 ′ between an open position in which they release the ventilation space, 37 in the example illustrated, and a closed position in which they obstruct this ventilation space, 37 'in the example illustrated.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1.- Abri horticole comprenant une ossature (1 ) délimitant une pluralité de chapelles (2, 2', 2") successivement adjacentes, cette ossature (1 ) comprenant des poteaux (3,3' et 4, 4', 4") de soutien d'une pluralité de fermes, dont un premier groupe de poteaux (3,3' et 4,4', 4") d'ancrage de l'ossature (1 ) au sol, les fermes comprenant chacune un arceau rigide (5, 5', 5") et étant alignées, et entretoisées, de manière à être maintenues à distance l'une de l'autre, les arceaux (5) des fermes délimitant une même chapelle (2) étant aboutés aux arceaux correspondant (5') d'une chapelle voisine (2'), chaque arceau (5) étant soutenu à son sommet par un poteau médian (4,6) et à ses extrémités par un élément transversal de base (10) s'étendant transversalement d'une chapelle à l'autre, les arceaux (5 et 5") des chapelles d'extrémité étant en outre soutenus par des poteaux de soutien respectif (3,3') de leur extrémité libre, l'ossature (1) constituant un support pour une couverture souple escamotable (13 et 13'), caractérisé en ce que l'ossature (1) est maintenue rigide par des premières structures triangulées de maintien en conformation des arceaux (5, 5', 5") dans leur plan général, et par des deuxièmes structures triangulées s'étendant dans un plan longitudinal sensiblement médian d'une chapelle respective (2, 2', 2"), ces premières et deuxièmes structures triangulées associant des éléments rigides (12, 12', 6) soutenus par le dit élément de base transversal (10) et un câblage (10,9,7,15,16,16') reliant entre eux ces éléments rigides, la couverture globale de l'abri étant quant à elle composée d'une pluralité de couvertures élémentaires (13,13') affectées à chacune des chapelles (2, 2', 2") et équipées de moyens individuels de puissance pour leur déploiement sous tension et inversement leur repliement positifs, qui mettent en œuvre au moins un treuil exerçant une traction à l'un au moins d'un bord de la couverture élémentaire(13,13') correspondante.1.- Horticultural shelter comprising a framework (1) delimiting a plurality of chapels (2, 2 ', 2 ") successively adjacent, this framework (1) comprising posts (3.3' and 4, 4 ', 4") supporting a plurality of trusses, including a first group of posts (3.3 'and 4.4', 4 ") for anchoring the frame (1) to the ground, the trusses each comprising a rigid arch ( 5, 5 ', 5 ") and being aligned, and braced, so as to be kept at a distance from each other, the arches (5) of the farms delimiting the same chapel (2) being abutted to the corresponding arches ( 5 ') of a neighboring chapel (2'), each arch (5) being supported at its top by a median post (4,6) and at its ends by a basic transverse element (10) extending transversely d 'one chapel to another, the arches (5 and 5 ") of the end chapels being further supported by respective support posts (3,3') from their free end, the framework (1) constituting a support for r a retractable flexible cover (13 and 13 '), characterized in that the framework (1) is held rigid by first triangulated structures for maintaining the shape of the arches (5, 5', 5 ") in their general plane, and by second triangulated structures extending in a substantially median longitudinal plane of a respective chapel (2, 2 ', 2 "), these first and second triangulated structures associating rigid elements (12, 12', 6) supported by the said transverse basic element (10) and a wiring (10,9,7,15,16,16 ') connecting these rigid elements together, the overall cover of the shelter being in turn composed of a plurality of elementary covers (13,13 ') assigned to each of the chapels (2, 2', 2 ") and equipped with individual power means for their deployment under tension and conversely their positive folding, which implement at least one winch exerting a traction on at least one edge of the hatch corresponding elementary structure (13,13 ').
2.- Abri horticole selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la première structure triangulée associe d'une part les éléments rigides comprenant des jambes de soutien (12,12') inclinées dans le plan général de l'arceau (5), et un poteau suspendu (6) participant d'un deuxième groupe de poteaux et prenant appui sur l'élément de base transversal (10) pour soutenir l'arceau (5) à son sommet, et d'autre part un câblage comprenant l'élément de base transversal constitué d'un câble transversal de base (10) et un câble transversal à ligne brisée (9, 9', 9") reliant l'une à l'autre les extrémités de l'arceau (5).2.- horticultural shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that the first triangulated structure combines on the one hand the rigid elements comprising support legs (12,12 ') inclined in the general plane of the arch (5), and a hanging post (6) participating in a second group of posts and taking support on the transverse base element (10) to support the arch (5) at its top, and on the other hand a wiring comprising the transverse base element consisting of a base transverse cable (10) and a broken line transverse cable (9, 9 ', 9 ") connecting the ends of the arch (5) to each other.
3.- Abri horticole selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le câble transversal de base (10) et le câble transversal à ligne brisée (9, 9', 9") relient successivement les uns aux autres les arceaux (5, 5', 5") successivement aboutés des chapelles (2, 2', 2"), et sont ancrés au sol à leurs extrémités (11 ,11 ') pour contreventer transversalement l'ensemble structurel composé des arceaux (5, 5', 5") aboutés.3.- horticultural shelter according to claim 2, characterized in that the basic transverse cable (10) and the broken line transverse cable (9, 9 ', 9 ") successively connect the arches (5, 5 ', 5 ") successively butted chapels (2, 2', 2"), and are anchored to the ground at their ends (11, 11 ') to transversely brace the structural assembly composed of arches (5, 5', 5 ") abutted.
4.- Abri horticole selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3 caractérisé en ce que la deuxième structure triangulée associe d'une part des éléments rigides comprenant des poteaux (4, 4', 4") du premier groupe soutenant des arceaux (5, 5', 5") à leur sommet, les poteaux suspendus (6) du deuxième groupe et des entretoises (8,8') reliant entre eux les arceaux (5) d'une même chapelle (2), au moins à leurs extrémités sinon aussi à leur sommet, et d'autre part un câblage de contreventement longitudinal comprenant un câble longitudinal (7,15) au moins de base (7) et au moins un câble longitudinal à ligne brisée (16,16') qui relient successivement entre eux ceux des poteaux (4, 4', 4") du premier groupe porteur des arceaux (5) et les poteaux suspendus (6) du deuxième groupe, au moins le câble longitudinal de base (7) étant ancré au sol à ses extrémités, sinon aussi le câble longitudinal à ligne brisée (16,16').4.- horticultural shelter according to any one of claims 2 and 3 characterized in that the second triangulated structure combines on the one hand rigid elements comprising posts (4, 4 ', 4 ") of the first group supporting arches ( 5, 5 ', 5 ") at their top, the hanging posts (6) of the second group and spacers (8.8') connecting the arches (5) of the same chapel (2), at least at their ends if not also at their top, and on the other hand a longitudinal bracing wiring comprising a longitudinal cable (7.15) at least base (7) and at least one longitudinal cable with broken line (16.16 ') which successively connect those of the poles (4, 4 ', 4 ") of the first group carrying the poles (5) and the suspended poles (6) of the second group, at least the longitudinal base cable (7) being anchored to the ground at its ends, otherwise also the longitudinal cable with broken line (16,16 ').
5.- Abri horticole selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacune des couvertures élémentaires (13,13') est dotée à ses extrémités d'une tringle respective (17,17') de maintien de ses bords en conformation, ledit treuil au moins étant disposé en bout de chapelle (2) pour manœuvrer au moins un câble de tension orienté dans le sens d'extension de la chapelle (2), ce câble de tension étant en relation avec l'une au moins des dites tringles (17,17') par l'intermédiaire de poulies de renvoi. 5.- Horticultural shelter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the elementary covers (13,13 ') is provided at its ends with a respective rod (17,17') holding its edges in conformation, said winch at least being arranged at the end of the chapel (2) for maneuvering at least one tension cable oriented in the direction of extension of the chapel (2), this tension cable being in relation with at least one said rods (17,17 ') by means of return pulleys.
6 - Abri horticole selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une première tringle (17) des couvertures élémentaires (13) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un premier filin (18) à un câble principal (19) orienté dans le sens d'extension des chapelles (2), la deuxième tringle (17') étant quant à elle reliée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un deuxième film (21) à un premier câble de tension (22) enroulé autour d'un premier treuil (23), le deuxième filin (21 ) étant fixé au premier câble de tension (22) après son passage le long d'une première poulie de renvoi (26) ancrée (27) sur le câble principal (19)6 - Horticultural shelter according to claim 5, characterized in that a first rod (17) of the elementary covers (13) is connected by means of at least a first rope (18) to a main cable (19) oriented in the direction of extension of the chapels (2), the second rod (17 ') being in turn connected via at least one second film (21) to a first tension cable (22) wound around '' a first winch (23), the second rope (21) being fixed to the first tension cable (22) after its passage along a first deflection pulley (26) anchored (27) on the main cable (19)
7 - Abri horticole selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé de moyens de réglage occasionnel de la tension globale des couvertures élémentaires (13,13'), ces moyens de réglage comprenant un jeu de sangles (28,28') qui sont orientées transversalement aux chapelles (2, 2', 2") en prenant appui sur les couvertures élémentaires (13,13'), ces sangles (28,28') étant équiréparties suivant la longueur des chapelles (2, 2', 2") et étant situées dans l'espace séparant deux poteaux (4,6) de soutien des arceaux (5), une première extrémité des sangles (28) étant reliée au câble principal (19), la deuxième extrémité des sangles (28') étant quant à elle reliée à un deuxième câble de tension (30) orienté dans le sens d'extension de la chapelle correspondante et enroulé autour d'un deuxième treuil (31), après son passage le long d'une deuxième poulie de renvoi (33) ancrée (34) sur le câble principal (19)7 - Horticultural shelter according to claim 6, characterized in that it is equipped with means for occasional adjustment of the overall tension of the elementary covers (13,13 '), these adjustment means comprising a set of straps (28,28' ) which are oriented transversely to the chapels (2, 2 ', 2 ") bearing on the elementary covers (13,13'), these straps (28,28 ') being equally distributed along the length of the chapels (2, 2' , 2 ") and being located in the space separating two poles (4,6) for supporting the arches (5), a first end of the straps (28) being connected to the main cable (19), the second end of the straps ( 28 ') being in turn connected to a second tension cable (30) oriented in the direction of extension of the corresponding chapel and wound around a second winch (31), after its passage along a second pulley return (33) anchored (34) on the main cable (19)
8 - Abri horticole selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une première tringle (17) de la couverture élémentaire (13) est fixée sur les arceaux (5) de la chapelle correspondante (2), et en ce qu'au moins une lanière (41 ) est en prise, d'une part à chacune de ses extrémités, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une poulie de renvoi (42,42'), sur des câbles de tension (43,43') qui leurs sont respectivement affectés et qui sont manœuvrables par un treuil respectif (44,44'), et d'autre part entre ses extrémités sur la deuxième tringle (17"), qui est mobile le long des arceaux (5), de sorte que la lanière (41) est refermée en boucle sur elle- même pour exercer une traction sur la couverture élémentaire (13) au déploiement et inversement au repliement au moyen d'un treuil respectif (44,44') de manœuvre d'un câble de tension (43,43') correspondant.8 - Horticultural shelter according to claim 5, characterized in that a first rod (17) of the elementary cover (13) is fixed on the arches (5) of the corresponding chapel (2), and in that at least a strap (41) is engaged, on the one hand at each of its ends, by means of at least one return pulley (42,42 '), on tension cables (43,43') which theirs are respectively affected and which are maneuverable by a respective winch (44,44 '), and on the other hand between its ends on the second rod (17 "), which is movable along the hoops (5), so that the strap (41) is closed in a loop on itself to exert traction on the elementary cover (13) during deployment and conversely to folding back by means of a respective winch (44,44 ') for operating a corresponding tension cable (43,43').
9 - Abri horticole selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la lanière (41) est en prise sur la deuxième tringle (17') par l'intermédiaire d'une bride (45), une lanière intermédiaire (46) en prise sur cette bride (45) prolongeant la lanière9 - Horticultural shelter according to claim 8, characterized in that the strap (41) is engaged on the second rod (17 ') via a flange (45), an intermediate strap (46) engaged on this flange (45) extending the strap
(41) depuis la deuxième tringle (17') vers le câble de tension correspondant(41) from the second rod (17 ') to the corresponding tension cable
(43,43'), en circulant à travers un guide (47) porté par l'ossature (1 ).(43,43 '), by circulating through a guide (47) carried by the frame (1).
10.- Abri horticole selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'abri est équipé de moyens d'évacuation des eaux pluviales reçues par la couverture (13,13'), ces moyens comprenant :10.- Horticultural shelter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shelter is equipped with means of evacuation of rainwater received by the cover (13,13 '), these means comprising:
- des moyens de maintien des bords des couvertures élémentaires (13,13') à distance des extrémités des arceaux (5, 5', 5"), - des bavettes (35, 35', 36, 36') soutenues par l'ossature (1), qui prolongent sensiblement les couvertures élémentaires (13,13') depuis leurs bords jusqu'à la base des arceaux (5,5'), de manière à ménager un espace de ventilation (37,37') entre elles et les couvertures élémentaires (13,13'),- means for holding the edges of the elementary covers (13,13 ') at a distance from the ends of the arches (5, 5', 5 "), - flaps (35, 35 ', 36, 36') supported by the frame (1), which substantially extend the elementary covers (13,13 ') from their edges to the base of the arches (5,5'), so as to provide a ventilation space (37,37 ') between them and elementary covers (13,13 '),
- des goulottes (38) d'évacuation des eaux collectées par les bavettes (35, 35', 36, 36'). - Chutes (38) for evacuating the water collected by the flaps (35, 35 ', 36, 36').
PCT/FR2003/000718 2002-03-06 2003-03-06 Shelter for fruit trees comprising abutted greenhouse units rigidified with rigging and equipped with means for tensioned unfolding of foldable roofs WO2003073835A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AU2003232282A AU2003232282A1 (en) 2002-03-06 2003-03-06 Shelter for fruit trees comprising abutted greenhouse units rigidified with rigging and equipped with means for tensioned unfolding of foldable roofs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0202848A FR2836779B1 (en) 2002-03-06 2002-03-06 SHELTER FOR FRUIT TREES IN PARTICULAR, INCLUDING A FRAME RIGIDIFIED BY WIRING AND CENTRALIZED MEANS FOR POWERING UP A FLEXIBLE COVER
FR02/02848 2002-03-06

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2183961A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-12 Oswald Braendlin Film canopy system
ITRM20130375A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-28 Magel Di Borracci Nicola & C S A S COVERING SYSTEM FOR CULTIVATIONS PROVIDED WITH MEANS OF QUICK ENROLLMENT OF COVERING TOWELS
WO2017121787A1 (en) 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Magif S.A.S. Di Angelo Cappi & C. System for the movement of covering sheets
EP3395163A1 (en) * 2017-04-25 2018-10-31 Andreas Hoffelner Protecting device for agricultural row crops
IT201900006677A1 (en) * 2019-05-09 2020-11-09 Bagaglini Prefabbricati Soc A Responsabilita Limitata SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION AND PROTECTION IN TENT PLANTS OF CULTIVATED AREAS

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NL1025210C2 (en) * 2004-01-09 2005-07-12 Klimrek I E B V Cap construction for a greenhouse.
FR2883320B1 (en) 2005-03-21 2007-10-12 Alyzios Serres Et Equipements SHELTER FOR AGRICULTURAL OR OTHER ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING A BODY WITH A FLEXIBLE RETRACTABLE COVER

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DE1039295B (en) * 1957-07-24 1958-09-18 Karl Lederer Device for protecting plants, preferably vines
FR2214398A1 (en) * 1973-01-24 1974-08-19 Profil Sa Ind Financ Le
FR2289111A1 (en) 1974-10-30 1976-05-28 Tosello Ugo Metal frame for greenhouses - has tubular construction, with plastic sheet cover, grill and sky-light
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2183961A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-12 Oswald Braendlin Film canopy system
ITRM20130375A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-28 Magel Di Borracci Nicola & C S A S COVERING SYSTEM FOR CULTIVATIONS PROVIDED WITH MEANS OF QUICK ENROLLMENT OF COVERING TOWELS
WO2017121787A1 (en) 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Magif S.A.S. Di Angelo Cappi & C. System for the movement of covering sheets
EP3395163A1 (en) * 2017-04-25 2018-10-31 Andreas Hoffelner Protecting device for agricultural row crops
IT201900006677A1 (en) * 2019-05-09 2020-11-09 Bagaglini Prefabbricati Soc A Responsabilita Limitata SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION AND PROTECTION IN TENT PLANTS OF CULTIVATED AREAS
WO2020225726A1 (en) * 2019-05-09 2020-11-12 Bagaglini Prefabbricati S.R.L. System for the irrigation and the protection of cultivated areas in overhead trellis installations

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AU2003232282A1 (en) 2003-09-16
FR2836779A1 (en) 2003-09-12

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