EP2815036B1 - Waterproof mobile building consisting of several sections - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a mobile building covering a floor surface including protecting the surface against the weather.

The invention relates more particularly to a large mobile building which is capable of being divided into several sections, making the movement of the building relatively easy, fast and secure by the absence of lifting operations of the sections and the absence of work. in height from the staff.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

A storage facility, for example a radioactive or chemical material, comprises cells dug in the ground, in which waste is stored.

When digging and filling a cell, the location of the cell must be protected from outside weather conditions, including wind and rain.

Such protection is commonly achieved through a building consisting mainly of a metal structure covered with a tarpaulin. Indeed, such a type of building has a relatively low weight and therefore does not risk causing a subsidence of the land on which it is installed.

The dimensions of the building allow vehicles to move without constraints under the building and the shape of the building limits including its catch in the wind.

In general, a building is about 180 meters long, 30 meters wide and 15 meters high at the top. The building is also shaped tunnel semicircular section, its cross section is shaped circular arc.

When a cell is filled and closed, it no longer needs to be protected, the building is then moved to the location of a new cell which is disposed near the filled cell.

Moving the building is done by separating the building into several sections, moving the sections to the new location and then fixing the sections between them and the ground.

Because of the large dimensions of the building, and more particularly of its height, the operations of separation, displacement and attachment of the sections relative to each other involve work at staff height. Such workstations are considered to be at risk positions.

In addition, each section is moved using lifting cranes. Such a mode of displacement is also risky because of the large mass and the volume of the raised section. Also, in case of wind, the movement of the section is impossible or even prohibited for security reasons.

Finally, the time of completion of the separation, displacement and securing of the sections is particularly important because of the difficulty of the operations to be performed. For example, the total time for moving a building is about two months.

In order to facilitate the movement of sections of a building made from a metal structure covered with a sheet, it is known to mount each section on wheels adapted to pivot relative to the structure about a vertical axis. These wheels are well adapted to a flat and hard ground, but their use is difficult on a soft ground, for example in ground, such as that for a site of storage of waste.

The document GB-A-742 917 describes a mobile building made of several identical sections that are movable on parallel rails.

The rails allow the movement of each section, regardless of the terrain on which the building is installed.

According to this document, the connection of two adjacent sections is made by contact with their adjacent ends facing each other. Also, rubber bands mounted on the ends of the sections achieve, by their cooperation, a seal of the connection between the two sections.

However, this document only describes a contact connection of the two sections against each other, it does not describe means for fixing the two sections with each other. The document US 2,828,757 A discloses the technical features of the preamble of claim 1.

The object of the invention is to propose a mobile building consisting of several sections, and comprising means for securing two sections with each other which are able to fix the sections to each other and which make it possible to limit dangerous work and staff height.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

• une charpente métallique recouverte par au moins un pan de bâche;
• des moyens de liaison du tronçon au sol permettant le déplacement du tronçon sur le sol indépendamment des autres tronçons,

chaque extrémité longitudinale de la charpente d'un tronçon comportant une poutre d'extrémité s'étendant dans un plan vertical transversal, qui est apte à être reliée à une poutre d'extrémité en vis-à-vis d'un tronçon adjacent par l'intermédiaire de moyens de verrouillage
les-dits moyens de verrouillage relient les dites deux poutres d'extrémité de deux tronçons adjacents de manière fixe et de manière étanche l'une avec l'autre, et sont aptes à être démontés pour permettre la séparation desdits deux tronçons,
caractérisé en ce que le bâtiment comporte des moyens de commande et d'entraînement des moyens de verrouillage qui sont agencés à distance des moyens de verrouillage pour que la solidarisation des deux tronçons adjacents l'un avec l'autre s'effectue sans intervention de personnel en hauteur.The invention proposes a movable building for covering an elongated terrain of principal longitudinal orientation, the building comprising a plurality of adjacent sections contiguous longitudinally, each section comprising:

• a metal frame covered by at least one sheet of tarpaulin;
• connecting means of the section on the ground allowing the displacement of the section on the ground independently of the other sections,

each longitudinal end of the frame of a section comprising an end beam extending in a transverse vertical plane, which is adapted to be connected to an end beam opposite an adjacent section by a intermediate locking means
said locking means connect said two end beams of two adjacent sections in a fixed manner and in a sealed manner with each other, and are capable of being disassembled to allow separation of said two sections,
characterized in that the building comprises means for controlling and driving the locking means which are arranged at a distance from the locking means so that the joining of the two adjacent sections with each other takes place without the intervention of personnel in height.

The remote control and drive of the locking means allow the personnel involved on the building for the assembly or separation of the sections, not to work at height. Also, this makes it possible to limit the duration of the manipulations.

Preferably, the locking means comprise a movable locking member carried by a first of said two end beams, which is adapted to selectively cooperate with an associated strike carried by the other of said two end beams to effect the fixing of the two end beams with each other.

Preferably, said two end beams comprise a plurality of locking members and latches, which are distributed along said two end beams.

Preferably, the building comprises means for simultaneously actuating all the locking members of said two end beams vis-à-vis.

Preferably, the locking means comprise a covering sheet which longitudinally covers two adjacent end beams so that the lateral edges of the cover sheet are arranged on either side of said two end beams, to seal the connection between the two said adjacent end beams.

Preferably, the cover sheet is adapted to be hoisted from the ground to the top of the section, along said two adjacent end beams by the control and driving means.

Preferably, the end beams of the sections are bent in the transverse vertical plane in the shape of a circular arc extending from the ground to the top of the section and the cover sheet is hoisted along the beams of the end following the curvature of the end beams.

Preferably, each panel of sheet extends longitudinally between an end beam and an intermediate beam or between two end beams, and each end beam and each intermediate beam of the section comprises a rail guide which is adapted to receive rollers carried by the longitudinal end edge of the associated tarpaulin pan.

Preferably, the longitudinal end edges of the cover sheet pan are arranged longitudinally on either side of the longitudinal end edges of the cover panels, which are connected to the end beams of the sections.

Preferably, each section comprises means for connecting the section with the ground, which are capable of selectively cooperating with longitudinal rails for guiding the moving section in a longitudinal direction, or with rails of a set of rails having an orientation. distinct from the longitudinal direction _.

Preferably, the connecting means comprise a longitudinal roller which is adapted to cooperate with the longitudinal rails and which is movable between a disengagement position in which the connecting means are able to cooperate with the longitudinal rails, and a position of engagement. wherein the connecting means cooperate with the rails of said set of rails.

Preferably, when the longitudinal roller is in the disengaged position, the connecting means cooperate with the longitudinal rails when the section is situated longitudinally at the rails of the said set of rails, or the section is placed on means for supporting the rails. longitudinal when the section is not located longitudinally at the rails of said set of rails.

Preferably, the connecting means are able to lift the entire section when the longitudinal roller is moved from its disengagement position to its engagement position.

Preferably, the connecting means comprise locking means of the section to the longitudinal rails when the longitudinal roller is in the disengaged position.

Preferably, the building comprises an interior passageway which is arranged at its top and each section comprises a segment of the passageway.

Preferably, at least one section comprises a curved inner scale extending generally from the ground to the associated segment of the section, which is made in several consecutive sections of different curvatures.

• une partie à pente forte, en forme d'échelle conventionnelle, qui comporte de préférence des moyens de condamnation de son accès ;
• une partie formant un escalier de machine ;
• une partie formant escalier courant ;
• une partie formant une rampe forte ;
• une partie formant une rampe normale ;
• une partie formant une rampe douce.

Preferably, the scale comprises, from the ground to the top of the section:

• a steep slope portion in the form of a conventional scale, which preferably comprises means for condemning its access;
• a part forming a machine stairway;
• a part forming a running staircase;
• a part forming a strong ramp;
• a part forming a normal ramp;
• a part forming a gentle ramp.

Preferably, the structure of each section consists of an assembly of external beams each extending in a transverse vertical plane, and longitudinal beams which connect the external beams together, and said structure comprises prestressing cables.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'une installation comportant un bâtiment mobile selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en bout d'un tronçon du bâtiment représenté à la figure 1;
• la figure 3 est une représentation schématique en perspective du tronçon du bâtiment représenté aux figures 1 et 2 ;
• la figure 4A est une section suivant un plan longitudinal du tronçon représenté à la figure 3, montrant la disposition relative des poutres et des pans de bâche ;
• la figure 4B est un détail à plus grande échelle de la section représentée à la figure 4A, montrant le pan de bâche de couverture ;
• la figure 5 est une vue latérale de l'installation représentée à la figure 1;
• la figure 6 est un détail en perspective d'un tronçon montrant les moyens de liaison de tronçons avec le sol ;
• les figure 7A et 7B sont des vues montrant les différentes positions relatives d'un galet longitudinal ;
• la figure 8 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'une installation montrant un tronçon d'extrémité du bâtiment lorsqu'il a été déplacé vers les rails transversaux;
• la figure 9 est un détail de moyens de verrouillage de deux tronçons l'un avec l'autre ;
• les figure 10A et 10B sont des vues montrant les différentes positions relatives des moyens de verrouillage ;
• la figure 11 est un détail du tronçon représenté à la figure 2, montrant la coursive supérieure ;
• la figure 12 est une représentation schématique d'une échelle à crinoline équipant au moins un tronçon du bâtiment ;
• la figure 13 est un détail des moyens de liaison, montrant les crochets anti envol.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures among which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of an installation comprising a mobile building according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is an end view of a section of the building represented in the figure 1 ;
• the figure 3 is a schematic representation in perspective of the section of the building represented in Figures 1 and 2 ;
• the Figure 4A is a section along a longitudinal plane of the section shown at figure 3 , showing the relative arrangement of the beams and tarpaulins;
• the Figure 4B is a larger-scale detail of the section shown in the Figure 4A showing the cover sheet;
• the figure 5 is a side view of the installation shown in figure 1 ;
• the figure 6 is a perspective detail of a section showing the connection means of sections with the ground;
• the Figure 7A and 7B are views showing the different relative positions of a longitudinal roller;
• the figure 8 is a schematic perspective view of an installation showing an end section of the building when it has been moved to the transverse rails;
• the figure 9 is a detail of locking means of two sections with each other;
• the Figure 10A and 10B are views showing the different relative positions of the locking means;
• the figure 11 is a detail of the section represented at figure 2 , showing the upper passageway;
• the figure 12 is a schematic representation of a crinoline ladder equipping at least one section of the building;
• the figure 13 is a detail of the connecting means, showing anti-flying hooks.

DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

For the description of the invention, the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in FIG. figure 1 .

In the following description, identical, similar or similar elements will be designated by the same reference numerals.

Orientation from front to back will also be adopted as the longitudinal direction and from right to left with reference to figure 1 .

Introduction of the installation

We have shown figure 1 an installation 10, for example a storage installation 10, for example for radioactive waste with low or very low activity.

This installation 10 comprises hollow cells 12 dug in the ground in which waste is stored. When a cell 12 is full, it is covered with a mound of earth 14.

During the operation of a cell 12, that is to say during the digging of the cell 12, its filling and its cover by the mound of earth 14, the location of the cell 12 is protected by a building 16 covering at least the entire cell 12.

The building 16 consists of an elongate structure of longitudinal main orientation, which forms a tunnel of semi-circular section, that is to say that the cross section of the building is in an arc, preferably globally a half circle.

When the cell 12 has been covered by a mound of earth 14, the building 16 is moved to the location of another cell that will be exploited.

To allow its movement, the building 16 is made of a plurality of sections 18 which are contiguous to each other, and which are able to be separated and then moved one after the other.

Structure of the sections

As can be seen in more detail at figures 2 and 3 each section 18 comprises a metal structure 20 covered with a tarpaulin.

The metal structure 20 consists of a frame made by an assembly of metal sections, and a set of cables 22 prestressing the frame. Such a combination of a metal frame and cables 22 is generally referred to as a "braced structure".

The use of the cables 22 makes it possible to confer on the structure 20 a certain rigidity, while preserving a structure of simple and light construction.

As can be seen at figure 2 , the metal structure 20 of each section 18 is symmetrical with respect to a vertical longitudinal plane P located in the longitudinal main axis of the section 18.

In the following description, we will describe only half of the metal structure 20 of a section 18, the other half being deduced from the first by simple symmetry.

As can be seen at figure 3 , the structure 20 comprises first beams 24 which are bent according to the shape of the building 16, that is to say here in the shape of a circular arc.

Each curved beam 24 extends in a transverse vertical plane from the ground to the top S of the building 16. The curved beams 24 are parallel to each other and are longitudinally offset relative to each other on a regular basis , according to a constant step.

The structure 20 also comprises end beams 26, which are bent similarly to the other curved beams 24, which are parallel to the curved beams 24, and which are located at the longitudinal ends of the structure 20, corresponding to the longitudinal ends of the section 18.

In another aspect, the structure comprises an intermediate beam 27 which is also bent similarly to the curved beams 24, and which is located longitudinally in the center of the structure 20. As an alternative embodiment, the metal structure does not comprise such an intermediate beam 27.

All of these beams 24, 26, 27 are interconnected by longitudinal beams 28.

Preferably, each longitudinal beam 28 extends longitudinally from one end beam 26 to the other end beam 26. The longitudinal beams 28 are distributed along the beams 24, 26, 27 regularly, c that is, at a constant interval.

Preferably, the longitudinal beams 28 are fixed on the beams 24, 26, 27 at the inner edges of said beams 24, 26, 27. Thus, the longitudinal beams 28 are located generally inside the structure and the beams 24, 26, 27 are located outside the structure 20.

Fixing the longitudinal beams 28 with the beams 24, 26, 27 is carried out by any known means, for example by welding or by bolting.

The two halves of the structure 20 are fixed together at the top S of the structure 20 by any known means, for example by welding or by bolting the upper ends of the beams 24, 26, 27.

Tarpaulin assembly

As previously mentioned, each section 18 comprises a cover which covers the metal structure 20.

As can be seen at Figures 3, 4A and 4B each half of the metal structure 20 is covered by two covering panels 30 which are placed on the curved beams 24.

Each panel 30 extends longitudinally from an end beam 26 to the intermediate beam 27. Also, each pan 30 extends from the ground to the top S of the structure 20.

Thus, each section 18 comprises four covering sheets 30.

Such a number of covering sheets 30 makes it possible to optimize the size and mass of each panel of cover 30 so that it can be easily handled by a person when he is placed on the metal structure 20.

According to an alternative embodiment, each section 18 comprises two sheets of sheet 30, each sheet covering 30 covering one half of the section 18 and extends from one end beam 26 to the other end beam 26.

As can be seen at Figure 4A each pan 30 is covered by cables 32 each of which extends from the ground to the top S of the structure 20. Each cable 32 is located longitudinally at an intermediate position between two beams 24, 26, 27 adjacent.

Each cable 32 presses inwardly on the sheet of associated sheet 30 in order to keep it resting on the metal structure 20, especially in windy conditions. For this purpose, a certain voltage is applied to each cable 32.

The connection between a longitudinal end edge 30a of a tarpaulin pan 30 and the end beam 26 or the associated intermediate beam 27 is formed by means of a guide rail 34 which is carried by the beam d end 26 or the associated intermediate beam 27. The guide rail 34 is mounted on a portion 36 of the beam 26, 27 which protrudes outwardly with respect to the curved beams 24 and with respect to the sheet pan 30.

The guide rail 34 is adapted to receive rollers 38 which are carried by the longitudinal end edge 30a of the tarpaulin sheet 30 associated.

Each edge 30a of the tarpaulin portion 30 carries a plurality of rollers 38 which are all received in the associated guide rail 34. The rollers are able to move along the guide rail 34 when the cover sheet 30 is hoisted on the metal structure 20.

The mounting of the tarpaulin on the metal structure 20 is effected by raising each sheet of sheet 30 from the ground, pulling it by its upper end thereof, for example by means of cables (not shown).

The rollers 38 attached to the edges 30a of each sheet pan 30 are guided in the associated guide rail 34. Thus, the tarpaulin pan 30 slides up on curved beams 24, without the risk of shifting on one side or another.

Also, each guide rail 34 is bent similarly to the beam 26, 27 which carries it and it extends along this beam 26, 27. This bending of the guide rails 34 allows to have a regular guide of rollers 38.

The fact that the curved beams 24 are located outside the metal structure relative to the longitudinal beams 28 prevents the sheet pan 30 meets an obstacle when hoisted.

Also, the contact between the sheet and the metal structure 20 is formed at the outer edge of each curved beam 24, which extends from the top S of the building to the ground. Thus, the moisture that condenses on the sheet can only trickle down to the ground, without accumulating on the beams 28. The risk that the water falls on the cell 12 in the form of drops such as rain, are limited.

Solidarization of two adjacent sections.

When using the building 16, the sections 18 are connected to each other by locking means which provide a connection of two adjacent sections 18.

The locking means serve to fix the adjacent sections 18 with each other and to seal the connection between the sections 18.

As previously mentioned, each longitudinal end of a section comprises an end beam 26. Each end beam 26 of a section 18 cooperates with the end beam 26 opposite the end beam 26. an adjacent section 18 via the locking means.

Linking sections

The joining of two sections 18 adjacent to each other is carried out on the one hand by joining them one to the other and putting their end beams 26 in contact with one another. against each other.

As can be seen at figures 9 , 10A and 10B , the sections 18 comprise locking means 60 of two sections 18 adjacent to each other.

The locking means 60 are made in two complementary parts each of which is carried by one of the two end beams 26 opposite the sections 18.

A first portion 62 of the locking means 60 consists of a movable locking member 62, which is carried by the end beam 26 of a first section, here the section 18 of the left shown in the figures.

The second part 64 of the locking means 60 consists of a striker which is carried by the end beam 26 of the second section 18, here the straight section 18 shown in the figures.

The keeper 64 extends longitudinally outwardly of the second section 18, that is to say in the direction of the end beam 26 of the first section. The striker 64 further comprises a slot 66 in which the movable locking member 62; is able to be received in part to cooperate with the waste 64.

The end beam 26 of the first section 18 further comprises an opening 68 which is traversed by the striker 64 when the sections are contiguous to each other at their respective end beams 26.

Each end beam 26 further comprises a plate 72 extending in a substantially vertical transverse plane, which carries the movable locking member 62 or the striker 64, respectively. The opening 68 which is traversed by the striker 64 is thus formed in the plate 72 of the end beam 26 associated with the movable locking member 62, that is to say here the plate 72 on the left.

As can be seen in more detail at Figures 10A and 10B , the movable locking member 62 is mounted to move relative to the associated end beam 26 and with respect to the striker 64 between an unlocking position shown in FIG. figure 10A , in which the movable locking member 62 is not received in the slot 66, and a locking position shown in FIG. figure 10B in which the movable locking member 62 is received in the light 66.

In the unlocking position, the movable locking member does not cooperate with the striker 64, does not prevent the longitudinal displacement of the keeper 64 and thus the second section 18 with respect to the first section 18.

In the locking position, a part 70 of the movable locking member 62, which is in the form of a slope, is received in the slot 66. The movable locking member 62 is then in abutment and cooperates with the striker 64, preventing then the longitudinal displacement of the second section 18 with respect to the first section 18.

Preferably, each section 18 is made so that a first end beam 26 carries the movable locking member 62 and the second end beam 26 carries the striker 64.

According to a preferred embodiment of the building 16, the connection of two sections 18 with each other is performed by a plurality of locking means 60 as described above.

These locking means 60 are distributed along the end beams 26 in order to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the forces caused by the attachment, on each end beam 26.

Each end beam 26 of a section 18 then comprises a plurality of movable locking members 62 or a plurality of latches 64.

Also, the end beam 26 which carries the plurality of movable locking members 62 comprises a single member (not shown) for driving all the movable locking members 62 carried by said beam 26, in simultaneous movement.

The control member is arranged close to the ground, so that it can be manipulated by a person without having to work at height.

The control member may be connected to the movable locking member 62 via a cable system, or by other known systems such as a pneumatic system or an electrical system.

This control member allows an operator to perform the control and the driving of the locking means 60 from the ground.

It is therefore not necessary for the operator to intervene directly on each of the locking means, he does not have to perform operation at height.

Watertight connection

To seal the connection between two end beams 26 contiguous, and to provide protection against the weather, the securing means comprise a cover sheet 40 which extends from the ground to the top S of the building 16.

Each cover sheet 40 performs the continuity of the seal obtained by the sections 18.

According to another aspect, each section also comprises a cover sheet 40 which is mounted at its intermediate beam 27, to achieve the continuity of the seal obtained by the cover panels 30.

Each cover sheet 40 extends longitudinally on either side of the intermediate beam 27, or two end beams 26 contiguous when the sections 18 are assembled, covering the edges 30a of two sheets of tarpaulin 30 associates.

The longitudinal end 40a of each cover sheet 40 is associated with a cable 42 which keeps the roof covering sheet 40 resting on the cover panels 30 and also allows to hoist the cover sheet 40 from the ground, along the intermediate beam 27 or along the two adjoining end beams 26 to the top S of the section 18.

Ground connection

The installation 10 is generally located on a soft ground, for example earth.

As can be seen at figures 1 and 5 the sections 18 rest on longitudinal rails 46 arranged on either side of the cell 12 to be covered.

Preferably, to ensure the stability of the building 16, the rails 46 are supported by longitudinal foundation members 44.

These foundation elements 44, commonly called "sills", consist for example of longitudinal beams that are placed on the ground, or buried in part, in the extension of each other. The sills 44 may also consist of concrete beams that are poured into trenches dug in the ground.

According to an alternative embodiment, when the ground is sufficiently hard, the rails 46 are placed directly on the ground.

The longitudinal rails 46 make it possible to ensure good positioning of the sections 18 with respect to each other, both vertically and transversely. Also, the longitudinal rails 46 can move longitudinally sections 18 as will be described in more detail later.

According to a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal members 44 are inclined relative to the horizontal.

Here, the sills are inclined downwardly from a central zone 48 longitudinally of the building 16.

For example, the slope of the longitudinal members 44 is 1%.

As mentioned above, the metal structure 20 is of the "bracing" type. The pre-stressing cables 22 of the metal frame also make it possible to adapt the shape of the metal structure 20 to the slope on which the section 18 is placed.

Thus, despite the slope of the longitudinal members 44, all the sections are well parallel to each other, which allows them to be joined together. In addition, the prestressing cables 22 make it possible to adapt the shape of the metal structure 20 of each section 18 located at the central zone 48, to allow their assembly.

As can be seen in more detail at figure 6 each section 18 is placed on the longitudinal members 44 and the longitudinal rails 46 at its two lower ends 18a, which we will call later feet.

The legs 18a of each section comprise connecting means 50 which cooperate with the longitudinal members 44 and the longitudinal rails 46 selectively. Thus, when the building 16 is in use, the legs 18a of the section 18 are placed on the longitudinal members 44 or on the longitudinal rails 46, so as not to allow the displacement of the section 18, and when the section 18 is to be moved, the connecting means 50 cooperate with the longitudinal rails 46 for guiding the section 18 moving along the longitudinal rails 46.

Longitudinal displacement of sections

As can be seen at figures 6 , 7A and 7B , the connecting means 50 comprise longitudinal rollers 52, each of which is adapted to cooperate with an associated longitudinal rail 46 when the section 18 is to be moved.

Each longitudinal roller 52 is movably mounted relative to the metal structure between a disengagement position shown in FIG. Figure 7A in which it is located above and away from the associated longitudinal rail 46, and an engagement position shown in FIG. Figure 7B in which it cooperates with the associated longitudinal rail 46.

When the longitudinal rollers 52 are in the disengagement position, the metal structure 20 rests on the longitudinal members 44 or the longitudinal rails 46 at its feet 18a, as previously described, so that the section 18 can not move relative to the ground .

When the longitudinal rollers 52 are in the engagement position, the metal structure 20 is lifted vertically with respect to its position resting on the longitudinal members 44 and the longitudinal rails 46. The metal structure 20 is then located above and away from the longitudinal members 44 and longitudinal rails 46. The section 18 can then move relative to the ground by rolling it by the cooperation of the longitudinal rollers 52 with the longitudinal rails 46.

As a preferred but nonlimiting example, each section comprises four longitudinal rollers 52 each of which is arranged at a longitudinal end of a foot 18a of the section 18.

The longitudinal rollers 52 are here pivotally mounted relative to the metal structure 20 about a transverse axis A and a jack 54 is associated with each longitudinal roller 52 to move the roller 52 associated from one position to another.

The power and the stroke of each cylinder 54 are determined so that all the cylinders 54 of the section 18 are able to lift the entire section 18.

By the cooperation of longitudinal rollers 52 and longitudinal rails 46, it is relatively easy to move longitudinally each section 18 along the cell 12, without the need for lifting means.

There is therefore no bulky element evolving in height. Also, there is no requirement to have an operator work at height in order to hook it to lifting means.

Transversal movement of sections

As can be seen at figure 1 , the cells 12 of the installation 10 are arranged parallel to each other, and are offset transversely.

Thus, to move the building 16 from one cell to another, each section 18 must be moved longitudinally and it must also be moved from one cell 12 to another in a transverse displacement.

As has been said previously, the longitudinal rollers 52 and the longitudinal rails 46 make it possible to move each section 18 of the building 16 longitudinally relatively easily.

To enable each section 18 to be shifted transversely from one cell 12 to another, the installation 10 comprises a set of transverse rails 56, here two transverse rails 56, on which each section 18 is able to move transversely.

The transverse rails 56 are positioned longitudinally close to one end of the cells 12. The transverse displacement of each section 18 is therefore effected outside the cells 12.

The connecting means comprise transverse rollers 58 which are capable of cooperating with the transverse rails 56.

So that the cooperation of the longitudinal rollers 52 with the longitudinal longitudinal rails 46 on the one hand and the cooperation of the transverse rollers 58 with the transverse rails 56 on the other hand do not disturb each other, the transverse rollers 56 are arranged so that when the longitudinal rollers 52 are in the disengaged position, that is to say that they are raised, the transverse rollers 58 cooperate with the transverse rails 56 and when the longitudinal rollers 52 are in the position of engagement with the longitudinal rails 46, the transverse rollers 58 can not cooperate with the transverse rails 56.

Also, when a section 18 is not at the level of the transverse rails 56, the transverse rollers 58 can not cooperate with the transverse rails 56.

By way of non-limiting example, here the transverse rollers 58 are shifted transversely inwards with respect to the longitudinal rollers 52.

The installation 10 comprises a plurality of longitudinal rails 46 which are arranged on either side of each cell 12 and the transverse rails extend over the entire transverse dimension of the installation 10.

Subsequently, a succession of steps will be described during the displacement of a section 18 from the position of a cell 12 to the position of another cell 12.

In a first step, the jacks 54 of the connecting means 50 are actuated to move the longitudinal rollers 52 to their engagement position. The section 18 is then raised and the rollers 52 cooperate with the longitudinal rails 46.

Then, in a second step, the section 18 is moved longitudinally by any known means. For example, the section 18 is moved by coupling a propulsion unit (not shown) to the longitudinal rollers 52. The section 18 is thus transferred from its initial position to a position located longitudinally at the end of the cell 12, in which the transverse rollers 58 are located vertically above the transverse rails 56, as can be seen in figure 8 .

Then, in a third step, the cylinders 54 of the connecting means 50 are actuated to move the longitudinal rollers 52 to their disengagement position. The section 18 is then lowered so that the transverse rollers 58 cooperate with the transverse rails 56, and so that the longitudinal rollers 52 no longer cooperate with the longitudinal rails 46.

In a fourth step, the section 18 is moved transversely, for example by propulsion units as mentioned above, as can be seen in FIG. figure 1 , until the section 18 reaches a transverse position at the new cell 12 on which the building 16 will be moved.

In this position, the longitudinal rollers 52 are located vertically above the longitudinal rails 46 associated with the new cell 12.

In a fifth step, the jacks 54 of the connecting means 50 are actuated to move the longitudinal rollers 52 to their engagement position. The section 18 is then raised and the longitudinal rollers 52 cooperate with the longitudinal rails 46.

In a sixth step, the section 18 is driven longitudinally along the longitudinal rails 46 by the drive means to the final longitudinal position.

Finally, in a seventh step, the cylinders 54 of the connecting means 50 are actuated to move the longitudinal rollers 52 to their disengaged position. The section 18 is then lowered to come to rest on the longitudinal members 44 or the longitudinal rails 46.

This succession of steps is substantially identical for the displacement of each of the sections 18 of the building 16.

For the sake of exploitable surface gain, the installation 10 may have only one longitudinal rail 46 between two adjacent cells 12. In such a case, the building can not be moved from a cell 12 directly to the adjacent cell 12.

The displacement of the building 16 will then be effected by moving its sections 18 to a new cell which is not the cell adjacent to the cell 12 which is completed, or by using the longitudinal rails 46 associated with other cells 12, to form buffer zones in which the sections 18 are temporarily arranged before they can be moved to the new cell 12.

Anti-flight or anti-lift system

When operating the cell 12 which is protected by the building 16 or when a section 18 is detached from the other sections 18, it is possible that the wind rushes into it, which risks the lift, the section may then be shifted from its original position, or it may fly.

Such a possibility of flight of a section 18 is particularly dangerous and may be prohibited by construction and / or operating standards.

That's why as we can see at the figure 13 each section comprises anti-flight or anti-lifting means which consist of hooks 126 which are able to cooperate selectively with the longitudinal rails or the transverse rails, according to the position of the section 18.

The hooks are retractable, to disengage the rails.

Upper course

As can be seen at figures 2 and 11 , the building 16 comprises, in the upper part, a corridor which extends over the entire length of the building 16, and which is located under the top S thereof.

The corridor allows access to building elements that are located in height, securely.

Since the building 16 is made of several sections 18 which are contiguous to each other, the corridor is also made of several segments 76, each segment 76 of the passageway is associated with a section 18 of the building 16.

When the sections 18 of the building 16 are joined and joined to each other, the segments 76 of the corridor are also in the extension of each other.

In the following description, reference will be made to a single segment 76 of the corridor. It will be understood that this description applies similarly to the other segments 76.

As can be seen in more detail at figure 11 , the segment 76 is fixed to the metal structure 20 of the associated section 18, at the level of the top S thereof.

The segment comprises mainly lateral walls 78 of vertical longitudinal principal orientation, and a horizontal floor 80.

The segment 76 is suspended from the metal structure 20, that is to say that the upper end 78s of each side wall 78 is fixed to the metal structure 20, so that the side walls extend downwards to from the top S of the metal structure 20.

Here, the upper end 78s of each side wall 78 is fixed to a beam of the metal structure 20. Preferably, the upper end 78s of each side wall 78 is fixed to an end beam 26, and if appropriate at the intermediate beam 27, of the metal structure 20.

Each side wall 78 forms a welded structure comprising vertical uprights 82 and sleepers (not shown). The sleepers are attached to the uprights and form railings preventing the fall of personnel. The height of each side wall 78 is also determined to allow the movement of a person on the corridor without constraints.

Each longitudinal end of the segment 76 is adapted to be locked by a gate 84. Each gate 84 is hinged relative to a post 82, to be open or closed when the segments 76 are joined, to allow the passage of a person.

The passageway thus allows a person to access the components of the building 16 which are arranged at the top S of the latter.

In particular, the corridor gives access to lighting systems 86 from inside the building and ventilation systems 88.

The lighting systems 86 comprise in particular a luminaire 90 and a butt 92 carrying the luminaire 90. The buttock 92 is also hingedly mounted on an upright 82 of a side wall, in order to facilitate access to the luminaire 90.

The passageway also makes it possible to access pulleys 94 cooperating, for example, with tensioning cables of the sheets 30, with the cables 32 pressing on the covering panels 30 to adjust the tension thereof, or with the cables 42 cover sheets 40.

It is then possible to replace a tarpaulin section 30, 40 damaged by another piece of tarpaulin 30, 40 new, by acting on the pulleys 94.

Thus, the damaged tarpaulin 30, 40 is lowered progressively then the tarpaulin 30, 40 new is hoisted on the metal structure 20 via the pulleys 94.

These operations are implemented by an operator who is installed on the corridor, it is then protected against any risk of falling.

Ladder with crinoline

Access to the corridor, located at the top of building 16, is achieved through a crinoline ladder 96.

The crinoline ladder 96 extends from the ground to the corridor. It is arranged inside the building 16, the person going up or down the ladder 96 is thus protected from outside weather conditions.

As can be seen at figure 12 , the scale 96 has a variable curvature along the beams 26. The various curvatures of the scale 96 are defined to reduce the size of the scale inside the building 16 and also to facilitate the movements and displacements of the staff inside the building 16.

The scale thus consists of several successive parts whose curvature of each is adapted to the slope of the scale.

• une partie 100 à pente forte, en forme d'échelle conventionnelle, qui comporte de préférence des moyens de condamnation de son accès ;
• une partie 102 formant un escalier de machine ;
• une partie 104 formant escalier courant ;
• une partie 106 formant une rampe forte ;
• une partie 108 formant une rampe normale ;
• une partie 110 formant une rampe douce.

Thus, the scale 96 comprises, from the ground towards the summit:

• a portion 100 with a steep slope in the form of a conventional scale, which preferably comprises means for condemning its access;
• a part 102 forming a machine staircase;
• a part 104 forming a running staircase;
• a portion 106 forming a strong ramp;
• a portion 108 forming a normal ramp;
• a part 110 forming a gentle ramp.

The ladder 96 also includes side posts 112 and railings 114, to prevent the fall of the ascending or descending person of the ladder 96.

The length of the building 16 being relatively large, it will be understood that the building may have only one scale 96 as described above, which is mounted on a section 18, or several scales 96 which are distributed in the building 16, in several associated sections 18.

Cover of the summit of the section

As can be seen in particular at figure 11 , the top S of each section 18 has a ridge 116 which is located above the upper ends of the panels 30 of tarpaulin.

This ridge 116 makes it possible to cover the space between the ends facing the panels 30 of the tarpaulin, to complete the protection against the weather.

The ridge 116 is also located at a distance from the tarpaulins 30, allowing natural ventilation of the building 16, thus limiting condensation.

Side and end doors

The protection of the interior of the building 16 against external climatic conditions is effected by sealing the two longitudinal ends of the building 16.

For this purpose, the building 16 comprises two end sections 18, each of which has a transverse closing wall 118, as can be seen in FIG. figure 8 .

The closure wall 118 further comprises access doors 120 allowing persons to enter the building interior, as well as gates 122 allowing the passage of large vehicles.

Preferably, the gates 122 are slidably mounted transversely with respect to the closure wall 118.

Access to the interior of the building 16 may also be allowed via lateral doors 124 arranged on certain sections and distributed over the entire length of the building, as can be seen for example in the figure 5 .

Transfer procedure of the building.

The transfer of the building 16 which has just been described above is mainly carried out according to the following steps.

First, the building 16 is prepared for the separation of the sections 18.

For this purpose, the covering sheet 40 covering the end beams 26 are disassembled, the electrical appliances such as the lighting 86 and the ventilation systems 88 are disconnected, the gates 84 of the corridor are closed and the ladder with crinoline 96 is doomed.

Then, the sections 18 are successively separated from each other.

For this, the locking means 60 are actuated to move the movable locking members 62 to their unlocked position, then the longitudinal rollers 52 and optionally the transverse rollers are coupled to propulsion units.

Each section 18 is then moved from one location to another according to the steps described above, by selectively coupling the longitudinal rollers 52 and the transverse rollers 58 by actuating the jacks 54 with the longitudinal rails 46 and with the transverse rails 56, respectively .

When the section 18 is in its final position, the cylinders 54 are actuated to move the longitudinal rollers 52 to their disengaged position and so that the section 18 rests on the longitudinal members 44 or the longitudinal rails 46. Next, the section 18 is secured. adjacent section 18 which has already been placed in position by actuating the locking means 60 to move the movable locking member 62 to its locking position.

Finally, when all the sections 18 have been moved, the building 16 is prepared for a new operation.

For this purpose, the crinoline ladder 96 is put back into service, the gates 84 of the passageway are open, the cover sheet sections 40 which cover the end beams 26 are replaced, the electrical appliances such as the Lighting 86 and ventilation systems 88 are reconnected.

It can be seen that all the operations carried out by a person are carried out either from the corridor or on the ground.

Also, no section 18 of the building is moved by its lifting by means of external handling devices.

Consequently, the risks of accidents related to the displacement of the entire building 16 are greatly reduced.

Claims (18)

1. Mobile building (16) for covering a stretch of land with a main longitudinal orientation, with the building (16) comprising a plurality of adjacent sections (18) longitudinally adjoined, of which each section (18) comprises:

   - a metal frame (20) covered by at least one piece of tarp;

   - means (50) for connecting the section (18) to the ground allowing for the movement of the section (18) on the ground separately from the other sections (18),
   each longitudinal end of the frame (20) of a section (18) comprising an end beam (26) extending in a transverse vertical plane, which is capable of being connected to an end beam (26) opposite an adjacent section (18) though the intermediary of means (60) for locking,
   said means (60) for locking sealingly and immovably connect said two end beams (26) of two adjacent sections (18) together, and are capable of being dismantled in order to allow for the separation of said two sections (18),
   characterised in that the building (16) comprises means for controlling and driving the means (60) for locking which are arranged apart from the means (60) for locking, so that the securing of the two adjacent sections (18) together is carried out without intervention of personnel at a height.
2. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the means (60) for locking comprise a mobile locking member (62) carried by a first of said two end beams (26), which is able to selectively cooperate with an associated strike plate (64) carried by the other of said two end beams (26) in order to carry out the fastening of the two end beams (26) together.
3. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that said two end beams (26) comprise a plurality of locking members (62) and strike plates (64), which are distributed along said two end beams (26).
4. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that it comprises means for simultaneously actuating all of the locking members (62) of said two opposite end beams (26).
5. Building (16) as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that the means (60) for locking comprise a piece of covering tarp (40) which longitudinally covers two adjacent end beams (26) in such a way that the side edges (40a) of the piece of covering tarp (40) are arranged on either side of said two end beams (26), in order to seal the connection between the two said adjacent end beams (26).
6. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the piece of covering tarp (40) is capable of being raised from the ground to the top of the section (18), along said two adjacent end beams (26) by the means for controlling and driving.
7. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the end beams (26) of the sections (18) are arched in the transverse vertical plane in the form of an arc of circle extending from the ground to the top (S) of the section (18) and in that the piece of covering tarp (40) is raised along the end beams (26) by following the curvature of the end beams (26).
8. Building (16) as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that each piece of tarp (30) extends longitudinally between an end beam (26) and an intermediate beam (27) or between two end beams (26), and in that each end beam (26) and each intermediate beam (27) of the section (18) comprises a guide rail (34) which is able to receive rollers (38) carried by the longitudinal end edge (30a) of the associated piece of tarp (30).
9. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, in combination with any of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the longitudinal end edges (40a) of the piece of covering tarp (40) are arranged longitudinally on either side of the longitudinal end edges (30a) of the pieces of tarp (30), which are connected to the end beams (26) of the sections (18).
10. Building (16) as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that each section (18) comprises means (50) for connecting the section (18) with the ground, which are able to selectively cooperate with longitudinal rails (46) for guiding the section (18) in movement according to a longitudinal direction, or with rails (56) of a set of rails that have an orientation separate from the longitudinal direction.
11. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the means (50) for connecting comprise a longitudinal roller (52) that is able to cooperate with the longitudinal rails (46) and which is mobile between a disengaged position wherein the means (50) for connecting are able to cooperate with the longitudinal rails (46), and an engaged position wherein the means (50) for connecting cooperate with the rails (56) of said set of rails.
12. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that when the longitudinal roller (52) is in disengaged position, the means (50) for connecting cooperate with the longitudinal rails (46) when the section (18) is located longitudinally on rails (56) of said set of rails, or the section (18) is installed on means (44) for supporting longitudinal rails (46) when the section (18) is not located longitudinally on rails (56) of said set of rails.
13. Building (16) as claimed in one of claims 11 or 12, characterised in that the means (50) for connecting are able to lift the entire section (18) when the longitudinal roller (52) is moved from its disengaged position to its engaged position.
14. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the means (50) for connecting comprise means (60) for locking the section (18) to the longitudinal rails (46) when the longitudinal roller (52) is in disengaged position.
15. Building (16) as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that it comprises an inside passageway which is arranged on its top (S) and in that each section (18) comprises a segment (76) of the passageway.
16. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that at least one section (18) comprises a curved inside ladder (96) that globally extends from the ground, to the associated segment (76) of the section (18), which is carried out with several consecutive sections (100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110)) with different curvatures.
17. Building (16) as claimed in the preceding claim, characterised in that the ladder comprises, from the ground to the top of the section (18):

    - a portion (100) with a steep slope, in the form of a conventional ladder, which comprises more preferably means for locking out access to it;

    - a portion (102) forming a machine staircase;

    - a portion (104) forming common staircase;

    - a portion (106) forming a steep ramp;

    - a portion (108) forming a normal ramp;

    - a portion (110) forming a gentle ramp.
18. Building (16) as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that the frame (20) of each section (18) consists of an assembly of external beams (24, 26, 27) each extending in a transverse vertical plane, and of longitudinal girders (28) which connect the external beams (24, 26, 27) together, and in that said structure comprises prestressing cables (32).

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