WO2003066796A1 - Opacifiants - Google Patents
Opacifiants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003066796A1 WO2003066796A1 PCT/EP2003/001185 EP0301185W WO03066796A1 WO 2003066796 A1 WO2003066796 A1 WO 2003066796A1 EP 0301185 W EP0301185 W EP 0301185W WO 03066796 A1 WO03066796 A1 WO 03066796A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- suspension
- less
- ionic surfactant
- preferably less
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0089—Pearlescent compositions; Opacifying agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
- A61K8/375—Esters of carboxylic acids the alcohol moiety containing more than one hydroxy group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/39—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/85—Polyesters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/86—Polyethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/42—Colour properties
- A61K2800/43—Pigments; Dyes
- A61K2800/436—Interference pigments, e.g. Iridescent, Pearlescent
Definitions
- This invention relates to opacifiers, which can be suspended in liquids to provide an opaque, creamy visual effect and conceal inhomogeneities.
- the invention in its preferred embodiment, relates to pearhsers.
- Pearhsers are a species of opacifier, which typically comprise small, thin, transparent platelet crystals, which can be suspended in a parallel configuration. When so suspended, light falling on the crystals undergoes complex multiple reflections within the substrate, similar to those which occur in a pearl and giving rise to similar optical interference effects.
- Natural pearls comprise alternate layers of calcium carbonate and protein.
- Artificial pearhsers include guanine/hypoxanthine crystals extracted from fish scales, mica, various salts of lead, zinc, mercury and bismuth (e.g. bismuth oxychloride), titanium oxide and various fatty acid derivatives such as magnesium stearate, coconut monoethanolamide, ethylene glycol distearate , ethylene glycol monostearate and polyethyleneglycol stearates.
- Fish scale extracts are too expensive and the inorganic pearhsers are either too toxic for general use in toiletries e.g. lead, mercury, or relatively ineffective e.g. bismuth.
- the fatty acid derivatives are therefore now the most widely used pearhsers.
- the manner in which it is suspended has an important effect on its visual impact. Difficulty is sometimes encountered obtaining the desired effect when incorporating pearhsers into aqueous formulations.
- glycol stearate pearhsers all comprise mixtures of ethylene glycol mono stearate (EGMS) and ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS), together sometimes with polyethylene glycol stearates, in varying proportions.
- EGMS ethylene glycol mono stearate
- EGDS ethylene glycol distearate
- homologues such as palmitates, arachi dates and behenates are substantially equivalent to the corresponding stearates, but are very unlikely to be used in practice on economic grounds, as well as being technically less preferred.
- the invention will therefore be described with particular reference to stearate esters, but it is to be understood that references herein to "stearates" are intended to embrace the equivalent esters of other C16-22 fatty acids, and mixtures thereof, whenever the context permits.
- glycol ester opacifiers ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol, stearates, and their equivalents.
- aqueous glycol ester opacifier suspension which comprises an aqueous non-ionic surfactant medium and suspended solid glycol ester opacifier characterised in that the aqueous medium comprises from 5 to 30% by weight total, based on the total weight of the suspension, of non-ionic surfactant and has a cloud point greater than 50°C, said suspension containing a total of from 0 to 12% EGMS and greater than 15% EGDS by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.
- the EGDS is preferably present in a proportion of more thanl6%, more preferably more than 17%, even more preferably more than 20%, more preferably still, more than 25%, most preferably more than 28% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.
- the upper limit of the EGDS concentration depends on the nature of the aqueous medium, including the presence of any deflocculants, and also on the maximum viscosity that is acceptable to the end user. For example, EGDS concentrations as high as 40%, or even higher, can be envisaged. In practice the EGDS concentration is preferably less than 38%, more preferably less than 36%, most preferably less than 35%, by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.
- the amount of EGMS is critical to obtaining an acceptable viscosity and good pearl effects. Whereas it is possible to obtain suspensions up to about 12% EGMS if sufficient deflocculant and/ or dispersant is used, and/ or if relatively low total payloads and/ or relatively high viscosity can be tolerated, we generally prefer that the concentration of EGMS is below 10%. It is more preferably less than 9%, even more preferably less than 8% and most preferably less than 7%, and, for best mobility at high payloads, is preferably as low as possible. However, for a good pearl effect, it is preferred to include at least 2%, more preferably at least 3%, even more preferably at least 4%, most preferably at least 5%, EGMS by weight of the suspension.
- the aqueous medium including any dissolved electrolyte, hydrotrope, EGMS, or other soluble ingredients, as well as the non -ionic surfactant, when separated from suspended solids, e.g. by centrifuging at 20,000G, should preferably have a cloud point greater than 55°C, more preferably greater than 60°C, even more preferably greater than 65°C, most preferably greater than 70°C, e.g. 80 to 100°C.
- the non-ionic surfactant is usually present as a clear, optically isotropic Ll-phase.
- the concentration of surfactant is high and / or there is a high enough level of electrolyte, the surfactant may form a structured system, usually a lamellar (G- or L ⁇ ) or dispersed lamellar, or spherulitic (i.e. comprising dispersed concentrically layered spheroids) phase. These are typically optically anisotropic.
- the non-ionic surfactant and water may, according to an embodiment of the invention, form a clear, optically isotropic micellar solution, which exhibits small angle X-ray diffraction peaks, having a spacing characteristic of hexagonal symmetry.
- Such systems are believed to comprise prolate micelles in a substantially or predominantly parallel orientation.
- Such LI -phases lie close to the Ll/M-phase boundary and may be regarded as precursors of the M-phase. They will be referred to herein as "protohexagonal".
- protohexagonal we believe that, in the presence of dissolved ethylene glycol monostearate, the protohexagonal-phase forms lamellar or spherulitic structured systems.
- the concentration of non-ionic surfactant in the aqueous phase is preferably greater than 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, more preferably greater than 10%, even more preferably more than 12%, most preferably more than 15%), but preferably less than 28%, more preferably less than 25%, even more preferably less than 23%, most preferably less than 20%.
- the non-ionic surfactant preferably comprises at least one ethoxylated surfactant, preferably a C 8 to25, especially oto ⁇ o, straight or branched chain alcohol, 1 to 60 mole, preferably 2 to 20 mole, ethoxylate.
- the alcohol may be fatty alcohol or synthetic e.g. branched chain alcohol.
- the non-ionic surfactant has a mean HLB greater than 3, more preferably greater than 6, most preferably greater than 8, but preferably less than 16, more preferably less than 15, most preferably less than 12.
- ethoxylate and/or propoxylated non-ionic surfactants which may be present, include C ⁇ - alkylphenol ethoxylates, ethoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated alkanolamides, ethoxylated alkyl sorbitan and/or glyceryl esters and propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block co-polymers.
- non-ionic surfactants include amine oxides, fatty alkanolamides such as coconut monoethanolamide, and coconut diethanolamide, alkyl polyglycosides, sugar esters and alkylaminoethyl fructosides and glucosides.
- the viscosity of the suspension may be reduced, and the maximum practicable payload of opacifier thereby increased, if a non-ionic or anionic deflocculant is included.
- the latter may comprise one or two fatty alkyl or alkenyl groups linked to a large (e.g. more than lOOamu, preferably more than 200, more preferably more than 300, even more preferably more than 400, yet more preferably more than 500, most preferably more than 600amu) non-ionic or anionic hydrophilic group.
- the deflocculant has an HLB greater than 12, more preferably greater than 13, even more preferably greater than 14, most preferably greater than 15.
- the composition may contain a non- ionic dispersant, which has an HLB below 10, preferably below 8, more preferably below 7, even more preferably below 6, most preferably below 5, but above 1.1 preferably above 1.5, more preferably above 2, still more preferably above 3, most preferably above 4.
- suitable dispersants include glyceryl and poly (e.g.
- glyceryl esters especially of one or preferably more fatty acids, such as stearic, oleic, erucic or isostearic acid.
- sorbitan mono-, or preferably di-, esters of (preferably longer chain) fatty acids are particularly preferred.
- the proportion of the added deflocculant and /or dispersant is preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 1%, even more preferably less than 0.7%, most preferably less than 0.5%, by weight, based on the weight of the suspension
- the weight ratio of suspended glycol stearate to non-ionic surfactant in the aqueous phase be greater than 1:1, more preferably greater than 1.5:1, even more preferably greater than 1.7: 1, more preferably still, greater than 2:1, most preferably greater than 2.2:1, but preferably less than 3: 1, more preferably less than 2.7: 1, even more preferably less than 2.5:1, more preferably still, less than 2.4:1, most preferably less than 2.3: 1.
- the aqueous medium may comprise dissolved electrolyte, which may improve the stability of the suspension, e.g. by contributing to the structuring of the surfactant.
- the electrolyte may, for instance comprise sodium chloride or any other water soluble salt of an alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium, or of ammonium and a strong acid. It may comprise a water-soluble citrate, acetate, acrylate, lactate, borate, carbonate, silicate, phosphate, pyrophosphate, polyphosphate, phosphonate or any other water- soluble salt in concentrations up to saturation, compatible with a stable, pourable suspension.
- the aqueous medium may additionally comprise a preservative.
- Solvents are preferably absent, but may sometimes be used in small quantities to improve mobility.
- alcohols such as ethanol or isopropanol
- glycols such as ethylene or propylene glycol, glycerol
- polyethylene glycols and glycol ethers may be present, sometimes in concentrations as high as 10% by weight, but more usually less than 5%, especially less than 2%, e.g. less than 1%.
- Hydrotropes, such as urea, or toluene-, cumene- or xylene- sulphonates are not normally needed, but could be added in amounts up to about 5% by weight, e.g. 0.1 to 2%, if desired.
- the suspensions of the invention can contain any chemically compatible ingredient that may be required or tolerated in the customer's formulation, including minor proportions, e.g. up to 10% by weight, preferably less than 8%, more preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 2%, of anionic and / or amphoteric surfactants, or of cationic surfactants.
- these essential ingredients are water, non-ionic surfactant and glycol stearates, together, usually, with preservative and, sometimes, electrolyte.
- the suspensions be substantially free from ionic surfactants, e.g. containing less than 2%, preferably less than 1.5%, more preferably less than 1%, even more preferably less than 0.7%, more preferably still less than 0.5%, most preferably less than 0.4%, by weight , based on the total weight of the suspension.
- the suspensions of the invention are preferably made by mixing the ingredients at, or raising a mixture of the ingredients to, a temperature above the melting point of the EGDS, e.g. above 60°C, preferably above 70°C, typically 80 to 90°C, stirring the mixture to disperse the molten wax and cooling to re-crystallise the wax.
- a temperature above the melting point of the EGDS e.g. above 60°C, preferably above 70°C, typically 80 to 90°C
- stirring the mixture to disperse the molten wax and cooling to re-crystallise the wax.
- we prefer to cool the mixture slowly e.g. less than 0.5°C per minute, preferably less than 0.2°C, especially between 0.15 and 0.01°C per minute.
- the product had a viscosity (Brookfield, spindle 3, 20°C, 30sec) of 3Pas, a 10% dilution pH of 5, and a particle size of 10 to 20 ⁇ .
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003210218A AU2003210218A1 (en) | 2002-02-09 | 2003-02-06 | Opacifiers |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0203062.5 | 2002-02-09 | ||
GB0203062A GB0203062D0 (en) | 2002-02-09 | 2002-02-09 | Opacifiers |
GB0205388A GB0205388D0 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2002-03-07 | Opacifiers |
GB0205388.2 | 2002-03-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003066796A1 true WO2003066796A1 (fr) | 2003-08-14 |
Family
ID=27736194
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/001185 WO2003066796A1 (fr) | 2002-02-09 | 2003-02-06 | Opacifiants |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2003210218A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003066796A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008040770A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-10 | Rhodia Operations | Cristaux a base de distearate d'ethylene glycol, leur procede de preparation et leurs utilisations |
WO2012177886A3 (fr) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-11-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Procédé de formation de cristaux à utiliser dans composition d'hygiène personnelle |
WO2020173761A1 (fr) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | Basf Se | Cires à éclat nacré à base biologique |
GB202115485D0 (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-15 | Innospec Active Chemicals Llc | Compositions and methods |
WO2023057767A1 (fr) | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-13 | Innospec Active Chemicals Llc | Compositions et procédés |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4654163A (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1987-03-31 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Nonionic fluent pearl luster dispersions |
US4717501A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1988-01-05 | Kao Corporation | Pearl luster dispersion |
EP0568848A1 (fr) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-11-10 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Dispersions aqueuses à lustre nacré s'écoulant bien |
EP0581193A2 (fr) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-02 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Dispersions nacrées capables d'écouler, exemptes d'agents conservateurs |
WO1995003782A1 (fr) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-09 | Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited | Concentre formant une surface perlee pour produits de soins |
US5403508A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-04-04 | Hoechst Ag | Pearlescent dispersions comprising fatty acid glycol ester and non-ionic surfactant |
DE19511571A1 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Perlglanzkonzentrat mit newton'schem Viskositätsverhalten |
WO1997013498A1 (fr) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-17 | Rhone-Poulenc Inc. | Concentres nacres doux, formes a froid |
WO1998038973A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-09-11 | Rhodia Inc. | Concentres nacrants doux formes a froid |
-
2003
- 2003-02-06 AU AU2003210218A patent/AU2003210218A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-06 WO PCT/EP2003/001185 patent/WO2003066796A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4717501A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1988-01-05 | Kao Corporation | Pearl luster dispersion |
US4654163A (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1987-03-31 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Nonionic fluent pearl luster dispersions |
EP0568848A1 (fr) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-11-10 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Dispersions aqueuses à lustre nacré s'écoulant bien |
US5403508A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-04-04 | Hoechst Ag | Pearlescent dispersions comprising fatty acid glycol ester and non-ionic surfactant |
EP0581193A2 (fr) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-02 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Dispersions nacrées capables d'écouler, exemptes d'agents conservateurs |
WO1995003782A1 (fr) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-09 | Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited | Concentre formant une surface perlee pour produits de soins |
DE19511571A1 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Perlglanzkonzentrat mit newton'schem Viskositätsverhalten |
WO1997013498A1 (fr) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-17 | Rhone-Poulenc Inc. | Concentres nacres doux, formes a froid |
WO1998038973A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-09-11 | Rhodia Inc. | Concentres nacrants doux formes a froid |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008040770A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-10 | Rhodia Operations | Cristaux a base de distearate d'ethylene glycol, leur procede de preparation et leurs utilisations |
FR2906715A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-11 | Rhodia Recherches & Tech | Cristaux a base de distearate d'ethylene glycol, leur procede de preparation et leurs utilisations |
WO2012177886A3 (fr) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-11-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Procédé de formation de cristaux à utiliser dans composition d'hygiène personnelle |
US9138429B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2015-09-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process of forming crystals for use in a personal care composition |
US10117813B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2018-11-06 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Process of forming crystals for use in a personal care composition |
WO2020173761A1 (fr) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | Basf Se | Cires à éclat nacré à base biologique |
WO2023057767A1 (fr) | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-13 | Innospec Active Chemicals Llc | Compositions et procédés |
GB202115485D0 (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-15 | Innospec Active Chemicals Llc | Compositions and methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003210218A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
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