WO2003031882A1

WO2003031882A1 - Absorption refrigeration device

Info

Publication number: WO2003031882A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/010371
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shozo Saito
Original assignee: Ebara Corporation
Priority date: 2001-10-04
Filing date: 2002-10-04
Publication date: 2003-04-17
Also published as: JP2003114066A

Abstract

An absorption refrigeration device comprises, a regenerator, a condenser (3), an absorber (2), an evaporator (1), a heat exchanger, an absorption solution pump (12), and a refrigerant pump (11), the device having solution piping and refrigerant piping for connecting these components. As the heating source energy for the device, use is made of heat energy accumulated in a portable heat accumulator (4). The heat energy accumulated in the portable heat accumulator (4) can be used through a medium, such as high temperature water or steam. The portable heat accumulator (4) is removably connected to the absorption refrigeration device and can be used to provide the heating source energy for the absorption solution in the regenerator. Further, the regenerator may be composed of a removable heating source (4) using a portable heat accumulator, and a gas-liquid separator (5) for separation into an absorption solution (22) concentrated independently of the heat accumulator and a refrigerant vapor (28).

Description

Description Absorption refrigeration equipment Technical field

The present invention relates to an absorption refrigeration apparatus, and more particularly, to an absorption refrigeration apparatus that can be operated using heat energy generated at a location distant from a customer and an operation method thereof. Background art

Conventionally, customers who need a cold heat source for air conditioning of buildings, cooling in factory chemical processes, etc., use piping with large amounts of heat energy and hot water or steam from locations away from the customers. It has been adopted a method of transporting heat energy as heat energy and using a hot water or steam driven absorption refrigeration system installed on the customer side to generate a cold heat source.

However, if this method is used in an overcrowded city, the cost of laying the pipes is enormous, and the construction time required for the laying is long. In addition, when laying the pipes under the road, traffic congestion may occur. Because it occurs, it is also a source of social annoyance.

For this reason, if the place where a large amount of surplus heat energy is generated is relatively far away from consumers, this heat energy often cannot be used effectively. Even if the place where a large amount of surplus heat energy is generated and the place of demand are in the same place, the generation and use of heat do not occur at the same time, so the surplus heat energy often cannot be used effectively. Conventionally, in order to use this generated heat source, it was necessary to manufacture a cold heat source and store it at low temperature. Since there is no high-efficiency low-temperature absorption refrigeration system, this heat storage is only sensible heat and requires a large heat storage tank. This is an obstacle.

In the above-mentioned method using piping, thermal energy is transported as high-temperature water or steam, and this thermal energy is used directly or, in the case of high-temperature water, as direct or indirect heating energy for absorption refrigeration equipment.

When high-temperature heat energy can be supplied, a double-effect absorption refrigeration system is used to ensure high-efficiency operation and achieve energy savings. If the high-temperature, high-pressure thermal energy is not supplied as a heat source, the specified high-efficiency operation cannot be ensured.

For a certain period of time, such as when heat storage energy starts to be generated, before heat storage energy is depleted, or when the amount of heat demand changes, it is not possible to secure a predetermined heat value, that is, high-temperature water or steam at a predetermined temperature or pressure. Has characteristics.

For this reason, even when a portable regenerator is used directly as a regenerator, the absorption refrigeration system cannot exhibit the required performance-efficiency for the above-mentioned fixed time because of the same characteristics.

In addition, conventional multi-effect absorption refrigeration systems that use cooling towers are optimal and efficient because the multi-effect absorption refrigeration unit is fixed even if the inlet temperature of the cooling water decreases as the outside-air wet-bulb temperature decreases. It is not a good driving and misses the opportunity of energy saving driving.

Such a technology had the following problems.

(1) There is a need for another thermal energy transport system that is relatively inexpensive and that can realize the thermal energy transport system in a short period of time.

(2) In order to make the portable regenerator usable as a thermal energy transport system, the customer needs a device to generate high-temperature water or steam for driving the absorption refrigeration unit from the portable regenerator. If provided, a system similar to the case using piping can be realized. However, the cost of this equipment is This has a negative effect on realizing a transportation system.

(3) If a conventional absorption refrigeration unit is used, high-temperature water or steam is once generated in the heat generation process of the portable regenerator, and the steam indirectly heats the absorption solution in the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration unit. As a result, the temperature and pressure decrease due to this heat transfer effect, which makes it difficult to use the multiple effect absorption refrigeration system and makes it impossible to operate the device with high efficiency.

(4) The regenerator has the property that it cannot secure a predetermined calorific value, that is, high-temperature water or steam at a predetermined temperature or pressure, for a certain period of time, such as when heat radiation starts, before heat radiation ends, or when the amount of heat demand changes. . Even in the case of an absorption refrigeration unit that uses a portable regenerator as a direct regenerator, not only can the required performance and efficiency not be exhibited due to similar characteristics, but also a stable operation state cannot be ensured.

(5) The multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system using a cooling tower takes advantage of the feature that the inlet temperature of the cooling water drops during the night when the wet bulb temperature is relatively low, the day when the humidity is low, and the interim period. Should be available to the public. However, conventionally, low-temperature cooling water has not been used.

(6) After using the removable portable heat storage unit only as the heating part of the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration unit or as a regenerator equipped with a gas-liquid separator, Absorbent solution remains, and the absorption refrigeration system consumes the absorbent solution, which hinders the next operation. Also, in the next heat storage process, the absorbent solution as residual liquid will hinder operation. In addition, corrosion inhibitors, acid and alkalinity adjusters, etc. added to the absorbing solution may be substances whose emission to the environment is restricted. Removing the residual solution from the absorbing solution and discharging it to the environment causes pollution. Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigeration apparatus that can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and that can operate stably with high efficiency by maximizing the heat energy of a portable regenerator and a method of operating the absorption refrigeration apparatus. This is the first purpose.

In addition, the present invention provides an absorption refrigeration apparatus that maximizes the use of the heat energy of a portable heat storage device, cleans the heat storage device without affecting the environment, and enables stable operation with high efficiency. This is the second purpose.

In order to achieve the first object, in the present invention, a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, an absorbing solution pump and a refrigerant pump are provided at least as main components, and these are provided. In an absorption refrigerating apparatus having a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to be connected, heat energy stored in a portable regenerator is used as a heat source energy of the apparatus.

In the above absorption refrigeration apparatus, the thermal energy stored in the portable regenerator can be used via a medium such as high-temperature water or steam. The portable regenerator is detachably connected to the absorption refrigeration apparatus, and is used as one component function or one component device of a regenerator of the apparatus, and is used as one heat source energy of an absorbing solution in the regenerator. Is also good. Further, the regenerator includes a heating source unit using a detachable portable heat storage unit, and a gas-liquid separator unit that separates the concentrated absorption solution and refrigerant vapor independently from the heat storage unit. be able to.

The absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention may be a single-effect or multiple-effect (dual-effect, triple-effect, or four-effect) drivable depending on the temperature and temperature or pressure of the heating energy that can be generated by the portable regenerator. It is possible to select an absorption refrigeration system that has the optimal effect that enables the most efficient operation from among the absorption refrigeration systems that have the highest efficiency. The multi-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus can use the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device in the regenerator having the highest temperature and pressure. Further, according to the present invention, in the operation of the multi-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus, the portable heat storage device is directly heated by the portable heat storage device at the start of heat release, at the completion of heat release, or at the time of a change in the amount of required heat. If the absorption solution of the high-temperature and high-pressure regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, the regenerator detects this phenomenon based on one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level and generates the regenerator. The refrigerant vapor to be bypassed to the lower stage regenerator is introduced into the heating source side of the next lower stage regenerator by controlling the flow rate, and a highly efficient and stable operating state is automatically maintained. It is.

In the operation of the above-mentioned multi-effect absorption refrigeration system, if the temperature of the cooling water inlet passing through the absorber and the condenser, which are the components of the above-mentioned system, changes, the above-mentioned high-temperature and high-pressure regenerator causes this phenomenon to occur. Detects based on one or more of pressure and absorbing liquid level, and introduces refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator by controlling the flow rate to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator, bypassing the lower regenerator Thus, a highly efficient and stable operation state can be automatically maintained.

Further, in the above-described method of operating the multiple effect absorption refrigeration apparatus, when the heating temperature of the heating source and the cooling water inlet temperature change, the change is detected and the refrigerant vapor introduced into the regenerator is detected. Flow control can be performed. The change in the heating temperature of the heating source is detected by a temperature sensor provided in the outlet pipe for the dilute solution of the regenerator, and the change in the inlet temperature of the cooling water is determined by the temperature provided in the inlet pipe for the cooling water. The sensor detects and detects and determines which control is given priority based on this detection signal, and the above-mentioned highest temperature and high pressure regenerator detects this phenomenon based on one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level. The control mechanism that controls the flow rate of the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator, bypassing the lower regenerator, and introduces a highly efficient and stable Operating conditions can be automatically maintained.

In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, An evaporator, a heat exchanger, an absorption solution pump and a refrigerant pump are provided at least as main components, and in an absorption refrigerating apparatus having a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe connecting these components, one of the functions of the regenerator or its function As one component, a detachable portable heat storage device is provided, and after the portable heat storage device is used as a heat source energy in the regenerator, a function of cleaning the portable heat storage device is provided. Things.

In the absorption refrigerating apparatus, the portable regenerator, or disconnect the movable transportable regenerator from absorption refrigerating apparatus, or _c the portable heat accumulator which may comprise a function for cleaning without detaching the regenerator of the heating unit Only, or it can have a configuration function as a heating unit and a gas-liquid separator. The cleaning of the portable heat storage device can be performed by using refrigerant vapor and / or refrigerant liquid inside the absorption refrigeration apparatus, or another cleaning liquid. Cleaning of the portable regenerator is performed by injecting high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor from another regenerator or gas-liquid separator in the absorption refrigeration unit, and / or injecting refrigerant liquid from a refrigerant cycle. Can be done by

The absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention can be a single-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus, a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus, or a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus in which the number of multiple effects is selected according to the temperature of the heating source. '' Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a portable heat storage device used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a mouth of a triple effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing an example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the portable heat storage device used in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial configuration diagram showing another example of the portable heat storage device and the gas-liquid separator used in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flow configuration diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a single-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flow configuration diagram of a triple effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow configuration diagram of a triple effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing an example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flow configuration diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flow configuration diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a single-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flow configuration diagram when the portable heat storage device used in the present invention is washed independently. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, an absorption refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, a portable heat storage device is used to transport heat energy from a place where heat energy is generated to a demand destination, instead of using a pipe. Also, since the heat storage is used, the amount of supply and demand is the same, and the supply and demand of thermal energy do not need to occur at the same time.

Portable regenerators shall be used with the equipment of the transportation means, or Any of those using the regenerator and the transportation means separately may be used. The portable heat storage device that has stored heat is converted into high-temperature water, steam, etc. by heat exchange with a heat medium, and the high-temperature water, steam, etc. are used as a heat source energy source for the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration unit to manufacture a cold heat source.

The portable heat storage device that has stored the heat is directly used as a component of the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration unit, eliminating the need for equipment necessary for heat transfer through indirect media, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the absorption refrigeration unit. In addition, by using the portable heat storage device directly as part of the function of the regenerator, it is possible to eliminate the heat transfer temperature difference loss and heat dissipation loss generated by indirect heat exchange.

Further, in the present invention, by directly flowing the absorption solution into the portable regenerator and heating it, a high solution temperature close to the heatable temperature of the portable regenerator can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to realize a cycle with more multiple effects, and to operate with high efficiency.

For a certain period of time, such as the start of heat energy generation (radiation), the completion of energy release, and the change in the amount of demand heat, the regenerator cannot secure a predetermined calorific value, that is, high-temperature water or steam at a predetermined temperature or pressure. This is the same in the case of an absorption refrigeration unit that uses a portable heat storage device as a direct regenerator. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the required performance and efficiency from being exhibited, and to avoid an unstable operation state, this phenomenon is performed by using the highest temperature regenerator or the like so that the temperature, the pressure, and the absorption solution Detected based on one or more of the surface levels, the refrigerant vapor generated by the regenerator (or gas-liquid separator) is bypassed to the lower regenerator, and the heating side of the next lower regenerator The required performance and stable operation are ensured by introducing the flow rate into the system. In addition, the multi-effect absorption refrigeration system that uses a cooling tower takes advantage of the fact that the inlet temperature of the cooling water drops during the night when the wet bulb temperature is relatively low, on days when the humidity is low, and in the interim period. In order to use a utility absorption refrigeration cycle, The condition in which the maximum multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle is not possible due to the rise in the inlet temperature of the drainage water, based on one or more of the temperature, pressure, and liquid level of the absorbing solution in the highest temperature regenerator etc. Detects the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator, bypasses the lower regenerator, and introduces the refrigerant vapor into the heating side of the next lower regenerator by controlling the flow rate. Ensure stable operation.

Next, the configuration of the absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described.

In the absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention, the model selected as the absorption refrigeration apparatus is determined by the temperature level of the heat energy stored in the portable regenerator. In other words, from among various types of absorption refrigeration systems, single-effect and multi-effect (double-effect, triple-effect, quadruple-effect, etc.), a high-efficiency absorption refrigeration unit with multi-stage absorption that can operate at the highest efficiency It is advisable to select an absorption refrigeration system that has a higher efficiency, and the higher the temperature level at which the portable heat storage device radiates heat, the higher the efficiency of the absorption refrigeration system. However, the temperature level at which the portable regenerator dissipates heat generally depends on the temperature level of the heating energy when storing heat in the portable regenerator and the type of heat storage material of the regenerator.

Although the structure and size of the portable heat storage device differ depending on the means of transportation, here, the structure of the portable heat storage device when transported on land by car will be described with reference to the cross-sectional configuration diagram of FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a basic structure of a heat storage unit 4A of a removable portable heat storage device. .

The heat storage unit 4A has a heat exchanger structure including a body 200, a tube sheet 2 -02, a number of heat transfer tubes 201, a header 204, and a partition plate 205. I have. The space between the body 200 and the large number of heat transfer tubes 201 is filled with heat and heat storage material 203. The relatively low-temperature dilute solution flows into the lower part of the header 204 from the dilute solution inlet pipe 20 of the regenerator, and flows through many heat transfer tubes 201. Heat transfer tube 2 Inside 01, the dilute solution is heated by the high-temperature heat energy stored in the heat storage material 203 and collected at the upper part of the header 204. The high-temperature dilute solution collected at the top of the header 204 exits from the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator.

Depending on the heat source temperature of the heat storage energy of the portable heat storage, a quadruple effect absorption refrigeration system can be selected.However, here, as an example, the temperature level at which heat is dissipated considering the use of waste heat energy An example in which a portable heat storage device having a moderately high heat storage energy is used will be described below with reference to the flow diagram of FIG.

Fig. 2 shows the portable regenerator 4 that can be attached and detached by providing valves 15 and 16 as the heating part of the regenerator, and separates the concentrated absorption solution and refrigerant vapor from the portable regenerator 4. 1 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerating apparatus provided with a gas-liquid separator 5 for separation.

In FIG. 2, the dilute solution diluted by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 2 is supplied to the first solution heat exchanger 8, the second solution heat exchanger 9, and the third solution via the pipe 19 by the solution pump 12. After being preheated by the high-temperature concentrated solution from the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 5 in the solution heat exchanger 10, respectively, the valve 15 and the diluent inlet pipe of the regenerator It flows into the portable regenerator 4 via 20.

The dilute solution that has flowed into the portable regenerator 4 is heated by the heat of the heat energy stored in the portable regenerator 4 and is heated to a high temperature, passing through the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator and the valve 16. Into the gas-liquid separator 5.

If the cross-sectional area of the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 and valve 16 of the regenerator is sufficiently large, the portable regenerator 4 and high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator and the valve 16 In some cases, the dilute solution is heated to a high temperature, a part thereof becomes a refrigerant vapor, and is sent to the gas-liquid separator 5 in a state where the solution has started concentration. Fig. 2 shows an example in which the portable heat storage device 4 and the gas-liquid separator 5 are divided. It is also possible to integrate the inside of the container 4. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the gas-liquid separator 5 is integrated into the portable heat storage device 4. In FIG. 3, the gas-liquid separation function 5D is housed in the header 204 of the heat storage section 4A of the portable heat storage device. In this case, the valve corresponding to the valve 16 in FIG. 2 is a valve 16 B in the concentrated solution outlet pipe 22 of the gas-liquid separator and a valve 16 B in the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 28 of the gas-liquid separator. It is needed in two places like valve 16A.

The high-temperature concentrated solution concentrated by separating the refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separator 5 passes through the concentrated solution outlet pipe 22 of the gas-liquid separator, and the third solution heat exchanger 10 and the second solution In the heat exchanger 9 and the first solution heat exchanger 8, each is cooled by a low-temperature dilute solution, and enters the absorber 2 through the inlet pipe 27 of the absorber. Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the concentrated solution from the gas-liquid separator 5 is circulated from the pipe 12 1 to the regenerator 4 via the circulation pump 120 to improve the heat transfer performance in the regenerator 4. You can also try to do it.

On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 enters the second regenerator 6 from the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 28 of the gas-liquid separator. The refrigerant vapor that has entered the second regenerator 6 is diverted at the outlet side of the second solution heat exchanger 9 and is dispersed into the second regenerator 6 via the diluted solution inlet pipe 23 of the second regenerator. The diluted solution is heated, and the diluted solution is concentrated. The concentrated concentrated solution is combined with the concentrated solution from the third solution heat exchanger 10 via the concentrated solution outlet D pipe 24 of the second regenerator to form the second solution heat exchanger 9, In the one-solution heat exchanger 8, each is cooled by a low-temperature dilute solution and enters the absorber 2 through the inlet pipe 27 of the absorber.

The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor generated by being heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor in the second regenerator 6 enters the first regenerator 7 via the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 30 of the second regenerator. The refrigerant vapor entering the first regenerator 7 is diverted at the outlet side of the first solution heat exchanger 8 and enters the first regenerator 7 via the diluted solution inlet pipe 25 of the first regenerator. The sprayed dilute solution is heated and the dilute solution is concentrated. The concentrated concentrated solution joins with the concentrated solution from the second solution heat exchanger 9 through the concentrated solution outlet pipe 26 of the first regenerator, and is cooled by the first solution heat exchanger 8 at low temperature. After being cooled by the solution, it enters the absorber 2 via the inlet pipe 27 of the absorber.

The refrigerant vapor condensed in the second regenerator 6 passes through the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 31 of the second regenerator to the medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor flowing through the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 30 of the second regenerator. Join. The refrigerant liquid condensed in the first regenerator 7 is sent to the condenser 3 via the refrigerant liquid outlet pipe 32 of the first regenerator. The refrigerant vapor generated by being heated by the medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor in the first regenerator 7 enters the condenser 3, where it is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 18 to be a refrigerant liquid. This refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator 1 via the refrigerant liquid outlet pipe 33 of the condenser together with the refrigerant liquid condensed in the first regenerator 7.

In the evaporator 1, the refrigerant liquid is pumped and sprayed by the refrigerant pump 11 through the refrigerant liquid pipe 34 of the evaporator, and evaporates by removing heat from the cold water flowing through the chilled water pipe 17 to evaporate. And enter absorber 2. Although not shown in Fig. 2, the cold water deprived of heat has a low temperature and is supplied to the demand side as a cold heat source. The refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1 is absorbed by the concentrated solution sprayed in the absorber 2 to become a dilute solution, and the lower part of the absorber 2 is heated by the solution pump 12 via the pipe 19 through the first solution heat. It is sent to exchanger 8 and repeats the cycle described above. The heat generated when the concentrated solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 2 is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 18.

In the example of Fig. 2, the cooling water flows from the absorber 2 to the condenser 3 in series.However, even if the cooling water flows in parallel, or conversely, the water flows from the condenser 3 to the absorber 2, Good. The portable regenerator 4 is directly heated by the heating medium or the portable regenerator 4 as a component of the regenerator at the start of heat release, at the completion of heat release, or when the amount of heat demand changes. If the absorbed solution does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, this phenomenon is detected by the temperature detection controller 13 in the regenerator, which constitutes the function of the regenerator, and the signal from the temperature detection controller 13 is output. Control the opening and closing of the control valve 14 to ensure a stable operating state and the most efficient multiple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle under these conditions.

That is, when the temperature of the heating energy is relatively low, the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5 is relatively low in temperature, and the generated refrigerant pressure in the vessel is relatively low, so that a complete triple effect absorption refrigeration cycle is performed. Becomes impossible. Then, since the vapor pressure of the heating refrigerant in the second regenerator 6 and the first regenerator 7 decreases, sufficient concentration of the dilute solution is not performed, and the amount of generated vapor decreases. Since the internal pressures of the regenerators 6 and 7 decrease, the flow of the concentrated solution from the regenerators 6 and 7 to the absorber 2 becomes worse, and the operation may become unstable. In order to avoid this state, the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close as described above, and the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is supplied to the first regenerator 7 through the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 29. Supply to one regenerator 7. As a result, it is possible to maintain a stable operation state and maintain an optimal multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state.

In FIG. 2, the unstable operation state is detected based on the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but in the case of the gas-liquid separator 5, the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here is detected. That is, it is possible to detect this state based on the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid. That is, in the unstable operation state described above, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively low in the gas-liquid separator 5 and the pressure of the refrigerant vapor decreases, and the difference between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 The pressure decreases, the amount of gas flowing into the concentrated solution pipe 22 at the outlet of the gas-liquid separator decreases, and as a result, the level of the concentrated solution rises. Therefore, one or more of the temperature, pressure, and liquid level are detected, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator is bypassed to the lower regenerator to heat the next lower regenerator. Controlled flow to the source side And automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operating condition. Although not shown in FIG. 2, there is a place in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator 5 where equivalent detection is possible or in the vicinity thereof, and the third regenerator 5 B described in FIG. The same detection method can be adopted in the regenerator 6 and its periphery. When the inlet temperature of the cooling water rises above a predetermined temperature, the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 5 increases. In other words, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor generated in each unit in this state cannot concentrate the dilute solution sufficiently, so that the pressure of each refrigerant vapor increases in a chain, and the normal triple effect absorption refrigeration is performed. Cycles become impossible, and there is a risk that stable and efficient operating conditions cannot be ensured. To avoid this state, as described above, the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close, and the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is supplied to the first regenerator 7 through the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 29. It is possible to maintain a stable operating state and maintain an optimal multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state.

In FIG. 2, the unstable operation state is detected based on the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but in the case of the gas-liquid separator 5, the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here is That is, it is also possible to detect this state based on the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid. That is, in the unstable operation state, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively high in the gas-liquid separator 5, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor increases, and the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 As the differential pressure rises, the flow of the concentrated solution becomes better, and the level of the concentrated solution drops. Accordingly, one or more of the temperature, pressure, and liquid level are detected, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator is bypassed to the lower regenerator and the next lower regenerator It is possible to automatically maintain a high-efficiency and stable operation state by introducing a flow rate control to the heating source side. Although not shown in FIG. 2, there are places where the same detection is possible in or around the regenerator or gas-liquid separator 5 and explained in FIG. 7. The same detection method can be adopted in the third regenerator 5B, the second regenerator 6, and the periphery thereof which are specified.

The case where the absorbing solution directly heated by the heating medium or the portable regenerator 4 as one component of the regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, and the case where the cooling water inlet temperature rises above the predetermined temperature are as follows: The phenomenon that occurs in the gas-liquid separator 5 described above is the reverse phenomenon. A change in the heating temperature of the heating source was detected by a temperature sensor provided in the outlet pipe 21 for the dilute solution of the regenerator, and a change in the inlet temperature of the cooling water was provided in the cooling water inlet pipe 18. The temperature sensor detects the temperature, pressure, and the level of the absorbing liquid using a regenerator with the highest temperature and pressure. A control mechanism for detecting by one or a plurality of the refrigerant vapors generated in the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator, bypassing the lower regenerator and controlling the flow rate to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator to introduce the refrigerant vapor. By using this, it is possible to selectively perform control for automatically maintaining a highly efficient and stable operation state.

FIG. 5 is a flow configuration diagram of a double effect absorption refrigeration apparatus of the present invention in which a heat storage device is directly incorporated as in FIG.

In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same elements and have the same functions, but in FIG. 5, since the second regenerator 6 is not provided, the heating temperature of the heating source is set to a predetermined value. When the temperature does not reach or when the inlet temperature of the cooling water rises, the refrigerant vapor generated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is introduced into the condenser 3 by bypassing the lower regenerator 7 and directly controlling the flow rate. I have to do that.

FIG. 6 is a flow configuration diagram of a single-effect absorption refrigerating apparatus of the present invention in which a regenerator is directly incorporated.

Also in FIG. 6, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 is a by which _c This device shows the elements having the same functions, a single regenerator functions as a single-effect absorption refrigeration system with portable regenerator 4 Since the gas-liquid separator 5 A is used, it does not have a control function for the temperature change of the heating source and cooling water.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the mouth of the triple-effect absorption refrigeration system of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention in which a heat storage device is indirectly incorporated.

In FIG. 7, the energy stored in the heat storage unit 4 is transported by the water supply pump 100 by the water introduced from the heat storage unit water supply pipe 102, and is heated through the heat transfer tube in the heat storage unit 4. The high-temperature, high-pressure water is introduced into the steam-liquid separator 5C from the high-temperature water pipe 103, and the generated high-temperature, high-pressure steam is used as the heating source for the third regenerator 5B from the pipe 104. Then, the steam drain condensed in the third regenerator 5B passes through the steam drain pipe 105, is circulated from the pipe 106 via the drain trap 101 to the gas-liquid separator 5C. The liquefied water is circulated from the pipe 107 to the regenerator 4 via the feedwater pump 100. Here, steam is used as the heating medium, but the heating medium may be high-temperature water, oil, or the like.

As described above, in FIG. 7, the function is the same as that of FIG. 2 except that the third regenerator 5B is used instead of the regenerator 4 and the gas-liquid separator 5 of FIG. be able to.

According to the above-described first embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Heat energy generated at a location away from the customer can be supplied to the heat customer for district heating and cooling, cooling in the factory chemical process, etc., and the cooling source required for air conditioning and refrigeration can be provided. .

(2) Generated energy that cannot be used directly at the place where heat energy is generated is stored in the heat storage unit until it is needed, and the heat storage unit is transported to the heat generator at the place where the heat energy is generated or at a location away from the place where the heat energy is generated. Can be used effectively and nationally Energy saving can be achieved.

(3) Portable heat storage can be used to transport thermal energy.

(4) District cooling and heating facilities and consumers can operate the absorption refrigeration system using the supplied thermal energy of the portable regenerator to produce the required energy from the cooling source.

(5) An inexpensive and highly efficient absorption refrigeration system can be selected and used as the absorption refrigeration system for the supplied thermal energy.

(6) Reduce energy consumption by realizing energy savings with high efficiency of absorption refrigeration systems, reduce the amount of heat energy transported by portable regenerators, reduce transportation costs, and reduce environmental impact from cooling towers and other facilities. The amount of heat dissipated to the environment is reduced, and the load on the environment can be reduced.

(7) By enabling efficient operation, a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system that reduces the amount of water used for heat dissipation to cooling water and the like and the power consumption can be achieved.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members or elements having the same functions or functions as the members or elements in the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and parts that are not particularly described are the same as those in the first embodiment. .

In the present embodiment, after the detachable portable heat storage device is used only as a heating part of the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration device or as a regenerator provided with a gas-liquid separator, the absorption solution inside the portable heat storage device is used. (Including the added corrosion inhibitor and acid alkalinity adjuster in the absorption solution) Return the absorption refrigeration system to the interior of the absorption refrigeration unit, and clean the inside with the refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration cycle to remove the environment. There is no discharge of the absorbing solution into the refrigeration system, and a pollution-free absorption refrigeration system can be obtained.

Next, the configuration of the absorption refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described. I will tell.

In the absorption refrigerating apparatus according to the present invention, the model selected as the absorption refrigerating apparatus is determined by the temperature level of the heat energy stored in the portable regenerator. In other words, from various absorption refrigeration systems of single-effect and multi-effect (double-effect, triple-effect, quadruple-effect, etc.), a high-efficiency absorption refrigeration cycle with a multi-stage effect that enables the most efficient operation. It is advisable to select an absorption refrigeration system with high efficiency, and the higher the temperature level at which the portable heat storage radiates heat, the higher the efficiency of the absorption refrigeration system. However, the temperature level at which the portable heat storage device radiates heat generally depends on the temperature level of the heating energy used to store heat in the portable heat storage device and the type of heat storage material of the heat storage device.

In the present embodiment, the portable regenerator shown in FIG. 1 is used as a part of a regenerator of an absorption refrigerating apparatus of an absorption refrigerating apparatus as described later, and as a regenerator as shown in FIG. After the heat storage energy of the portable heat storage device is released, the portable heat storage device can be cut off by returning the absorbed solution to the absorption refrigeration unit as much as possible. Inside, the absorbing solution that has flowed remains on the inner surface of the heat transfer tube.

After the energy of the heating source is used, the remaining absorption solution inside the portable regenerator will consume the absorption solution for the absorption refrigeration system, and will hinder the next operation. In the next heat storage process, the absorption solution as a residual solution also becomes an obstacle.

In addition, corrosion inhibitors, acids, alkalinity adjusters, etc., added to the absorbing solution may be substances whose emission to the environment is restricted, so that general portable heat storage devices Removal of the residual solution from the absorbing solution by the method and discharge to the environment causes pollution. Therefore, the recovery method of the present invention for the absorption solution or the like used in the absorption refrigeration apparatus is an important technique. In the present invention, a heat transfer tube of a portable heat storage device is used for transferring the refrigerant vapor and the refrigerant liquid in the absorption refrigeration apparatus.

It is used for washing the absorption solution inside such as 201 so that the refrigerant containing the absorption solution returns to the absorption refrigeration apparatus. The refrigerant vapor and refrigerant liquid are injected into the portable regenerator using the pressure difference inside the absorption refrigeration system during operation. There are other methods, which will be described later.

Depending on the heat source temperature of the heat storage energy of the portable heat storage, a quadruple effect absorption refrigeration system can be selected.However, here, as an example, the temperature level at which heat is dissipated considering the use of waste heat energy An example in which a portable heat storage device having moderately high heat storage energy is used will be described below with reference to the flow configuration diagram of FIG.

Fig. 8 shows a portable regenerator 4 equipped with an automatic valve 15 and a valve 16 that is detachable and used as a heating part of the regenerator.The concentrated absorption solution and refrigerant vapor are independent of the portable regenerator 4. 1 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerating apparatus provided with a gas-liquid separator 5 for separation. In FIG. 8, the dilute solution diluted by absorbing the refrigerant vapor by the absorber 2 is supplied to the first solution heat exchanger 8, the second solution heat exchanger 9 and the third solution 9 by the solution pump 12 via the pipe 19. After being preheated by the high-temperature concentrated solution from the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 5 in the heat exchanger 10, respectively, the valve 15 and the inlet pipe for the dilute solution of the regenerator 2 After flowing through 0, it flows into the portable regenerator 4.

The dilute solution that has flowed into the portable regenerator 4 is heated by the heat of the heat energy stored in the portable regenerator 4 to a high temperature, and passes through the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator and the valve 16. Into the gas-liquid separator 5.

If the cross-sectional area of the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 and valve 16 of the regenerator is sufficiently large, the portable regenerator 4 and high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator and the valve 16 In some cases, the dilute solution is heated to a high temperature, a part thereof becomes a refrigerant vapor, and is sent to the gas-liquid separator 5 in a state where the solution has started concentration. Figure 8 shows a portable heat storage device 4 Although the example in which the gas-liquid separator 5 and the gas-liquid separator 5 are divided is shown, the gas-liquid separator 5 can be integrated into the portable heat storage device 4. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the gas-liquid separator 5 is integrated into the portable heat storage device 4. In FIG. 3, the gas-liquid separation function 5D is housed in the header 204 of the heat storage section 4A of the portable heat storage device. In this case, the valve corresponding to the valve 16 in FIG. 8 is the valve 16 B in the concentrated solution outlet pipe 22 of the gas-liquid separator and the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 28 in the gas-liquid separator. It is needed in two places like valve 16A.

On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 enters the second regenerator 6 from the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 28 of the gas-liquid separator. Refrigerant vapor entering the second regenerator 6 is diverted at the outlet side of the second solution heat exchanger 9, and is sprayed into the second regenerator 6 via the diluted solution inlet pipe 23 of the second regenerator. Heat the dilute solution and concentrate the dilute solution. The concentrated concentrated solution merges with the concentrated solution from the third solution heat exchanger 10 via the concentrated solution outlet pipe 24 of the second regenerator, and the second solution heat exchanger 9, In the solution heat exchanger 8, each is cooled by a low-temperature dilute solution, and enters the absorber 2 via the inlet pipe 27 of the absorber.

The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor generated by being heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor in the second regenerator 6 enters the first regenerator 7 via the refrigerant vapor outlet pipe 30 of the second regenerator. Refrigerant vapor that has entered the first regenerator 7 exits the first solution heat exchanger 8 Then, the diluted solution sprayed into the first regenerator 7 via the diluted solution inlet pipe 25 of the first regenerator is heated, and the diluted solution is concentrated. The concentrated concentrated solution joins with the concentrated solution from the second solution heat exchanger 9 through the concentrated solution outlet pipe 26 of the first regenerator, and is cooled by the first solution heat exchanger 8 at low temperature. After being cooled by the solution, it enters the absorber 2 via the inlet pipe 27 of the absorber.

In the evaporator 1, the refrigerant liquid is pumped and dispersed by the refrigerant pump 11 through the refrigerant liquid pipe 34 of the evaporator, and evaporates by removing heat from the cold water flowing through the chilled water pipe 17 to evaporate. And enter absorber 2. Although not shown in Fig. 8, the cold water deprived of heat has a low temperature and is supplied to the demand side as a cold heat source. The refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1 is absorbed by the concentrated solution sprayed in the absorber 2 to become a dilute solution, and the first solution heat is supplied from the lower part of the absorber 2 via the pipe 19 by the solution pump 12 by the solution pump 12. It is sent to exchanger 8 and repeats the cycle described above. The heat generated when the concentrated solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 2 is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 18.

In the example of Fig. 8, the cooling water is passed in series from the absorber 2 to the condenser 3, but it can also be passed in parallel, or conversely, from the condenser 3 to the absorber 2. Good. At the start of heat release from portable heat storage unit 4, at the end of heat release, at the time of change in heat demand, etc. Therefore, if the absorption solution directly heated by the portable regenerator 4 as a component of the regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, this phenomenon occurs in the parts that constitute the regenerator and in the regenerator. The temperature is detected by the temperature detection controller 13 and the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close based on the signal from the temperature detection controller 13 to ensure a stable operating condition and the most efficient multi-effect absorption refrigeration under these conditions. Secure the cycle.

That is, when the temperature of the heating energy is relatively low, the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5 is relatively low in temperature, and the generated refrigerant pressure in the vessel is relatively low, so that a complete triple effect absorption refrigeration cycle is performed. Becomes impossible. Then, since the vapor pressure of the heating refrigerant in the second regenerator 6 and the first regenerator 7 decreases, sufficient concentration of the dilute solution is not performed, and the amount of generated vapor decreases. Since the internal pressures of the regenerators 6 and 7 decrease, the flow of the concentrated solution from the respective regenerators 6 and 7 to the absorber 2 becomes worse, which may result in unstable operation. In order to avoid this state, the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close as described above, and the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is supplied to the first regenerator 7 via the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 29. Supply to the first regenerator 7. As a result, it is possible to maintain a stable operation state and maintain an optimum multiple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state.

In FIG. 8, the unstable operation state is detected based on the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but in the case of the gas-liquid separator 5, the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here is That is, it is possible to detect this state based on the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid. That is, in the unstable operation state described above, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively low in the gas-liquid separator 5 and the pressure of the refrigerant vapor decreases, and the difference between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 The pressure decreases, the amount of gas flowing into the concentrated solution pipe 22 at the outlet of the gas-liquid separator decreases, and as a result, the level of the concentrated solution rises. Therefore, one or more of temperature, pressure, and liquid level are detected, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator is sent to the lower stage. By bypassing the regenerator and introducing it to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator by controlling the flow rate, it is possible to automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operation state. Although not shown in FIG. 8, there are places where the same detection can be made in or around the regenerator or gas-liquid separator 5.

When the inlet temperature of the cooling water rises above a predetermined temperature, the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 5 rises. In other words, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor generated in each unit in this state cannot concentrate the dilute solution sufficiently, so that the pressure of each refrigerant vapor increases in a chain, and the normal triple effect absorption refrigeration is performed. Cycles become impossible, and there is a risk that stable and efficient operating conditions cannot be ensured. In order to avoid this state, as described above, the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close, and the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is supplied to the first regenerator 7 via the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 29. As a result, it is possible to maintain a stable operation state and maintain an optimal multiple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state.

In FIG. 8, the unstable operation state is detected based on the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but in the case of the gas-liquid separator 5, the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here is detected. That is, it is also possible to detect this state based on the pressure of the generated refrigerant vapor and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid. That is, in the unstable operation state, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively high in the gas-liquid separator 5, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor increases, and the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 As the differential pressure rises, the flow of the concentrated solution becomes better, and the level of the concentrated solution drops. Accordingly, one or more of the temperature, pressure, and liquid level are detected, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator is bypassed to the lower regenerator and the next lower regenerator It is possible to automatically maintain a high-efficiency and stable operation state by introducing a flow rate control to the heating source side. Although not shown in FIG. 8, there is a portion where the same detection can be performed in or around the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator 5. The case where the absorbing solution directly heated by the heating medium or the portable regenerator 4 as one component of the regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, and the case where the cooling water inlet temperature rises above the predetermined temperature are as follows: The phenomenon that occurs in the gas-liquid separator 5 described above is the reverse phenomenon. A change in the heating temperature of the heating source is detected by a temperature sensor provided in the dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the regenerator, and a change in the cooling water inlet temperature is detected by the temperature provided in the cooling water inlet pipe 18. The sensor detects this and determines and determines which control is prioritized based on this detection signal. At the same time, the regenerator with the highest temperature and pressure is used to detect this phenomenon in terms of temperature, pressure, and the liquid level of the absorbing liquid. One or more detectors, and a control mechanism that bypasses the refrigerant vapor generated by the regenerator or gas-liquid separator through the lower regenerator and controls the flow rate to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator is used. As a result, it is possible to selectively perform control for automatically maintaining a highly efficient and stable operation state.

The portable regenerator 4, which is a component of the regenerator, can be connected to the absorption refrigerating unit after the heat storage energy has been released, so that the absorption solution that has flowed as much as possible can be separated into the portable regenerator. In the inside of the heat transfer tube 201 shown in FIG. 1 of FIG. 4, for example, the flowing absorbing solution adheres to the inner surface including the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 201 and remains. If the portable regenerator 4 is disconnected as it is, the amount of the absorbing solution in the absorption refrigerating unit decreases by the amount of the remaining absorbing solution, and the desorbing of the portable regenerator 4 multiple times causes the absorption solution in the unit to run short and stable. Operation becomes impossible. For this reason, in the example shown in FIG. 8, immediately before disconnecting the portable regenerator 4, the highest temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor in the absorption refrigeration system exists using the pressure difference inside the absorption refrigeration system during operation. High-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor flows back to the portable heat storage device 4 from the liquid separator 5 through the valve 16 and the high-temperature dilute solution outlet pipe 21 of the heat storage device, and this refrigerant vapor is used as shown in Fig. 1 of the portable heat storage device 4. The inside of the heat transfer tube 201 shown is cleaned, and the refrigerant containing the absorbing solution etc. is transferred to the low pressure absorber 2 by using the pressure difference through the automatic valve 36 and the piping 38. And collect. Immediately before the start of this washing operation, the solution pump 12 is stopped to stop the supply of the dilute solution to the dilute solution inlet pipe 20 of the regenerator, and the automatic valve 35 is closed, and the second regenerator Blocking the flow of refrigerant vapor to 6. At this time, if the automatic valve 15 is closed, the refrigerant containing all the absorbing solution and the like is recovered to the absorber 2 from the pipe 38. If the automatic valve 15 is left open, the refrigerant containing the absorbing solution, etc., flows back together with the absorbing solution, and can be simultaneously recovered in the absorber 2, the first regenerator 7, and the second regenerator 6. .

In FIG. 8, the refrigerant containing the absorbing solution is returned to the absorber 2, but it is also possible to return the refrigerant from the pipe 39 to the condenser 3 via the automatic valve 36 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to implement both the method shown in FIG. 8 and the method shown in FIG. 9 together. Although not shown as an embodiment, as long as the pressure is lower than the inside of the portable regenerator 4 and the refrigerant containing the absorbing solution can be returned, the evaporator 1, the second regenerator 6, the first regenerator Refrigerant containing the absorbing solution may be returned to the vessel 7 and related piping. However, when returned to the refrigerant cycle side, it becomes contaminated by the absorbing solution of the refrigerant, and during the next operation, it will be operated while regenerating this dirt.When returned to the solution cycle of the absorber 2, etc., After the start of the operation, the operation will be performed while concentrating the absorption solution corresponding to the amount of the recovered refrigerant liquid, and a considerable amount of operating energy will be lost.

Instead of the refrigerant vapor from the gas-liquid separator 5, the refrigerant liquid of the refrigerant cycle may be injected into the portable heat storage device 4 as shown in FIGS. Since the pressure of the injected refrigerant liquid is higher than the internal pressure of the portable regenerator 4 and injected, as shown in Fig. 11, the auxiliary pump is used when the supply pressure of the refrigerant pump 11 is insufficient. May be provided. As shown in Fig. 10, an auxiliary pump 45 is provided depending on the place where the refrigerant liquid is sucked, and this auxiliary pump 45 is forcibly operated during washing to condense the refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the condenser 3 into the refrigerant of the condenser. Liquid outlet piping 3 Piping bypassing from 3 A method is also possible in which the pressure is increased by an auxiliary pump 45 via 40 and the cleaning refrigerant is supplied to the portable regenerator 4 via a pipe 41 and an automatic valve 37. The suction location of the refrigerant liquid is not limited to the bottom of the evaporator 1 in FIG. 11 and the bottom of the condenser 3 in FIG. 10 and is not shown as an example, but the refrigerant in the second regenerator 6 in FIG. A liquid outlet pipe 31 may be used. Further, it is more preferable to provide a structure for storing the refrigerant liquid in these places.

In the case of injecting the refrigerant liquid, in FIG. 10, just before the cleaning is started, the solution pump 12 is stopped, and the automatic valves 15 and 35 are closed. In this implementation method, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separator 5 flows into the portable regenerator 4 through the valve 16 and the pipe 21 together with the refrigerant liquid injected from the pipe 41. However, the inside of the portable regenerator 4 will be cleaned. In this case, if the automatic valve 35 is not provided and the valve 16 is an automatic valve, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separator 5 is shut off, cleaning with only the refrigerant liquid can be performed. Further, the automatic valve 35 is a valve in the vapor passage, and if the valve 16 is an automatic valve, this is a valve in the solution passage. Therefore, it is economical to use the automatic valve 16 instead of the valve 16, and it is possible to adopt the best method after examining which method is the best.

When the automatic valve 15 is kept open, the same effect as that described in the example of FIG. 8 is obtained.

In FIG. 11, the automatic valves 15 and 16 are closed immediately before the start of washing, and the solution pump 12 is stopped. As in the case of FIGS. 8 and 10 described above, it is possible to carry out the case where the automatic valve 15 is kept open.

In the method of injecting the refrigerant liquid as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 instead of the cleaning method using the refrigerant vapor in FIG. 8, in particular, the absorption solution in the portable regenerator 4 is filled with the automatic valve 36 and In the case where the liquid is quickly recovered from the pipe 38 to the absorber 2, the refrigerant liquid injected into the portable heat storage device 4 contains the heat storage material 20 shown in FIG. 3 is sufficiently heated by the remaining thermal energy, and relatively high-pressure steam can be generated, so that sufficient cleaning ability can be exhibited.

Fig. 4 shows that the absorbing solution is circulated between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the portable regenerator 4 for the purpose of quickly transferring the heat source energy of the portable regenerator 4 or efficiently transferring heat to the absorbing solution. An embodiment adopting the method will be described. In order to forcibly circulate the absorption solution, a circulation pump for regenerator solution 120 is required.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment, in which the portable regenerator 4 is separated from the absorption refrigeration system, and the refrigerant liquid or other cleaning liquid extracted from the inside of the system is valved in the cleaning liquid tank 300. Filled via 304 and piping 303, and the cleaning liquid pump 301 sends refrigerant liquid or other cleaning liquid via piping 302 to the inside of the portable regenerator 4. The washing liquid contaminated with the absorbing solution or the like is collected in a recovery liquid tank 309 via a pipe 307. The liquid containing the absorption solution and the like collected in the recovery liquid tank 309 is absorbed from the recovery tank 309 via the pipe 310 and the valve 311 in the case of the refrigerant liquid extracted from the absorption refrigeration system. By returning to the refrigeration system and performing operation for purifying the refrigerant, discharge to the environment is avoided. In this case, there are two methods for purifying the refrigerant. If it is collected on the absorption solution side, the absorption solution will be diluted, and this can be realized by extending the operation time to concentrate this amount of absorption solution at startup. The other method is a method in which the refrigerant liquid is recovered to the refrigerant liquid side. In this case, the operation is performed while a part of the refrigerant liquid is injected into the absorption solution cycle side during operation. In either case, extra heating energy is consumed to clean the refrigerant liquid.

If another cleaning solution is used, the cleaning solution is concentrated and regenerated to separate the dirt, or if the substance is not harmful to the environment even if it is discharged as it is, it will be diluted to below the regulated concentration and discarded . In this case, the absorption refrigeration unit needs to replenish the absorption solution and other additives. However, the time during cleaning and used for cleaning The operation time of the absorption refrigerating apparatus corresponding to the concentration time of the refrigerant liquid can be effectively used.

The various cleaning methods of the present invention for the portable regenerator 4 compare and compare the absorbing solution to be used and its additive substances, consideration for the environment, the amount of energy used for cleaning, the cost of the cleaning equipment, and the like. The optimal method can be adopted from the various methods described above.

According to the above-described second embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) It is possible to supply heat energy generated from a place away from the customer to the heat customer for district heating and cooling, cooling in the chemical process of the factory, etc., and to provide the cooling source necessary for air conditioning and refrigeration. it can.

(2) Generated energy that cannot be used directly at the place where heat energy is generated is stored in the heat storage unit until it is needed, and the heat storage unit is transported to the heat generator at the place where the heat energy is generated or at a location away from the place where the heat energy is generated. Can be used effectively, and 'national energy savings can be made possible.

(3) Portable heat storage can be used to transport thermal energy.

(6) The portable regenerator is used directly as a part of the heating equipment (regenerator) of the absorption refrigeration unit, and there is no heat loss, and it is a compact and economical absorption refrigeration unit. be able to.

(7) Portable regenerator absorbs a part of the equipment (regenerator) for heating refrigerating equipment Since it is used as a vessel, the absorbing solution etc. remains inside the portable heat storage after use, but the remaining absorbing solution can be removed.

(8) The used regenerator of the absorption refrigeration system can be washed efficiently without harming the environment due to the discharge of the washing liquid. Industrial applicability

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention is used suitably for the absorption refrigeration apparatus which can be operated using the thermal energy produced | generated in the place away from the consumer.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. An absorption refrigeration unit that has at least main components including a regenerator, condenser, absorber, evaporator, heat exchanger, absorption solution pump and refrigerant pump, and has a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe connecting these

An absorption refrigeration apparatus, wherein heat energy stored in a portable heat storage device is used as a heat source energy of the apparatus.

2. The absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal energy stored in the portable regenerator is used via a medium.

3. The portable regenerator is detachably connected to the absorption refrigeration unit, and is used as one component function or one component device of a regenerator of the device, and is used as a heating source energy of the absorbing solution in the regenerator. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the absorption refrigeration apparatus is used.

4. The regenerator includes a heating source unit using a detachable portable heat storage unit, and a gas-liquid separator unit that separates the concentrated absorption solution and refrigerant vapor independently from the heat storage unit. 4. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:

5. The absorption refrigeration unit has the highest efficiency among the single-effect or multiple-effect absorption refrigeration units that can be driven according to the temperature and Z or pressure of the heating energy that can be generated by the portable regenerator. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an absorption refrigeration apparatus having an optimal effect that enables operation is selected.

6. The absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the multi-effect absorption refrigerating apparatus uses heat energy stored in the portable regenerator for a regenerator having the highest temperature and pressure.

7. The operation of the multi-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the portable heat accumulator is directly heated by the portable heat accumulator at the start of heat release, at the completion of heat dissipation, or at the time of a change in the amount of required heat. If the absorption solution of the high-pressure regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, the regenerator detects this phenomenon based on at least one of the temperature, pressure, and absorption liquid level, and occurs in the regenerator. The feature is that refrigerant vapor is bypassed through the lower regenerator and introduced into the heating source side of the next lower regenerator by controlling the flow rate to automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operating state. To operate a multiple effect absorption refrigeration system.

8. The operation of the multi-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, when the temperature of the cooling water inlet that is passed through the absorber and the condenser, which are constituent components of the apparatus, changes, the regenerator having the highest temperature and pressure is used. This phenomenon is detected based on one or more of the temperature, pressure, and absorption liquid level, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is bypassed to the lower regenerator and the heating source side of the next lower regenerator. A method for operating a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system, characterized by automatically controlling a high-efficiency and stable operating state by introducing a controlled flow rate into the system.

9. When the heating temperature of the heating source and the inlet temperature of the cooling water change, which one has changed is detected, and the flow rate of the refrigerant vapor introduced into the regenerator is controlled. Or the operation method of the multiple-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus according to 8.

10. A change in the heating temperature of the heating source was detected by a temperature sensor provided in a dilute solution outlet pipe of the regenerator, and a change in the cooling water inlet temperature was provided in the cooling water inlet pipe. The temperature sensor detects the temperature and the control signal is used to determine which control is given priority. At the same time, the regenerator with the highest temperature and high pressure reduces this phenomenon to one or more of temperature, pressure and the level of the absorbing liquid level. High efficiency and high efficiency by using a control mechanism that detects refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator based on the flow rate and introduces the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator by bypassing the lower regenerator. 10. The method for operating a multiple effect absorption refrigeration system according to claim 9, wherein a stable operation state is automatically maintained.

11 1. An absorption refrigeration unit that has at least main components including a regenerator, condenser, absorber, evaporator, heat exchanger, absorption solution pump, and coolant pump, and has a solution pipe and a coolant pipe that connect these components.

A removable portable heat storage device is provided as one component function of the regenerator or one component device thereof, and after using the portable heat storage device as a heat source energy of the absorbing solution in the regenerator, the portable regenerator is used. An absorption refrigeration apparatus having a function of washing a portable heat storage device.

12. The absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portable regenerator has a function of separating the portable regenerator from the absorption refrigerating apparatus or washing without separating the regenerator.

13. The absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portable regenerator has only a heating section of a regenerator, or has a configuration function as a heating section and a gas-liquid separator.

14. Cleaning of the portable regenerator is performed by removing the refrigerant vapor inside the absorption refrigeration system.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning is performed with Z or a refrigerant liquid or another cleaning liquid.

14. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to any one of 1 to 13.

15. Cleaning of the portable regenerator is performed by injecting high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor from another regenerator or gas-liquid separator in the absorption refrigeration unit and / or injecting refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant cycle. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the absorption refrigeration is carried out by introducing and removing the absorption solution inside to the low pressure side of the absorption refrigeration apparatus.

16. The absorption refrigeration unit is a single-effect absorption refrigeration unit, a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration unit, or a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration unit in which the number of multiple effects is selected according to the temperature of the heating source. Item 16. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 11 to 15.