JPH03152362A - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To hold pressure in a high temperature generator within predetermined pressure range by providing a refrigerant vapor line for introducing refrigerant vapor generated in a high temperature side generator to a low pressure generator or a condenser by bypassing without passing the heating side of a generator of next stage, and providing a valve for regulating refrigerant vapor amount to be bypassed to the vapor line. CONSTITUTION:A bypass tube 31 is provided between a tube 27 for discharging refrigerant vapor generated in a high temperature generator 4 and a tube 28 for discharging refrigerant vapor generated from an intermediate temperature generator 5, and refrigerant vapor generated in the generator 4 is introduced to the heating side of a low temperature generator 6 or a condenser 3. A bypass valve 19 for regulating the bypass amount of the refrigerant in response to the internal pressure of the generator 4 is provided in the tube 31. Thus, the internal pressure can be lowered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to a triple-effect absorption refrigerator in which the internal pressure of a high temperature generator can be adjusted.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, multiple effect absorption refrigerators such as double effect and triple effect are well known1, and the main components include a high temperature generator, a medium temperature generator, a low temperature generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a heat exchanger. In triple-effect absorption refrigerators, the internal pressure of the high-temperature generator (the saturation temperature of the solution) tends to be high.

The internal pressure of the high temperature generator is 1.
, it is common to operate below a predetermined pressure. This is because the higher the pressure, the higher the manufacturing cost of the equipment, although the classification as a pressure vessel also differs.

However, the internal pressure of the high-temperature generator increases as the cooling water temperature rises, and also increases as the load increases, that is, as it approaches full load. The problem was how to operate near the load.

In addition, for dual-effect absorption refrigerators, technologies have been developed such as branching off the dilute solution from the absorber and introducing a portion of it into the low-temperature generator1, and methods for effectively recovering waste heat. As for triple-effect absorption refrigerators, no research has yet been conducted on the energy-saving aspects of the triple-effect absorption refrigerator.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a triple-effect absorption refrigerator that can maintain the pressure inside a high-temperature generator within a predetermined pressure.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a high temperature generator,
A refrigerator that performs a triple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle by connecting medium-temperature generators, low-temperature generators, condensers, absorbers, evaporators, and heat exchangers with solution piping and refrigerant piping as main components. The refrigerant vapor generated by the side generator is
A refrigerant vapor line is provided that bypasses the heating side of the next stage generator and leads to a lower pressure generator or condenser, and the vapor line is equipped with a valve to adjust the amount of refrigerant vapor to be bypassed. This is an absorption refrigerator characterized by the following:

In the present invention, the refrigerant vapor line to be bypassed is a line that leads the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature generator to the solution side of the medium temperature generator or the heating side of the low temperature generator, or a line that leads the refrigerant vapor generated in the medium temperature generator to the heating side of the low temperature generator This is the line that leads the steam to the solution side of the low temperature generator or to the condenser. The valve for adjusting the amount of refrigerant vapor has a mechanism for adjusting the amount of refrigerant vapor to be bypassed so that the internal pressure of the high temperature generator does not exceed a predetermined pressure.

[For production]

In the present invention, by having the above configuration,
When the internal pressure of the high-temperature generator is low, such as when the cooling water temperature is low or the load is small, a triple-effect cycle is performed, and as the internal pressure rises, a portion of the generated steam is transferred to the next generator heating side. By bypassing it and guiding it to the low pressure side, the internal pressure can be lowered. The bypassed refrigerant vapor is subjected to a double effect cycle (1), resulting in a double or triple mixed cycle. If the total amount is bypassed, it becomes a double-effect cycle.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram showing an example of an absorption refrigerator of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a solution pump 13 pumps the dilute solution from the absorber 2.
1. Pass through the heated sides of the low-temperature heat exchanger 7, medium-temperature heat exchanger 8, and high-temperature heat exchanger 9 in order to exchange heat and increase the temperature,
It is introduced into the high temperature generator 4. In the high temperature generator 4 , the solution is concentrated by being heated by an external heat source 15 , and the refrigerant vapor generated at this time is led to the heating side of the medium temperature generator 5 through a pipe 27 . On the other hand, the concentrated solution passes through the heating side of the high-temperature heat exchanger 9 from the pipe 22 and is cooled, and then is led to the medium-temperature generator 5 through the pipe 23.

In the medium-temperature generator 5, the dilute solution is heated by the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature generator 4, further concentrated, and passed through the heating side of the medium-temperature heat exchanger 8 through the tube 24 to heat the dilute solution.
It is introduced into the low temperature generator 6 through the pipe 25. Furthermore, the refrigerant vapor generated in the medium-temperature generator 5 is combined with the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature generator 4 and passed through the heating side of the medium-temperature generator 5, and then passes through the heating side of the low-temperature generator 6 into the condenser. 3 will be introduced. Then, it passes through the heating side of the medium-temperature heat exchanger 8, and then passes through the low-temperature generator 6.
The concentrated solution introduced into the absorber 2 is further heated and concentrated to become a concentrated solution, which passes through the heating side of the low temperature heat exchanger 7 through the tube 26 to heat the dilute solution, and then enters the absorber 2. The absorber 2 is cooled by cooling water 16, absorbs the refrigerant, and is diluted to form a dilute solution 1, which is circulated through a solution line by an absorption pump 13. The steam generated by the low temperature generator 6 is led to the condenser 3, cooled by cooling water 17, and condensed.

The refrigerant in the condenser 3 is led to the evaporator 1 through a pipe 29, where it extracts heat from the cold water 18, exhibits a refrigerating effect, and evaporates. The evaporated refrigerant vapor is absorbed into a solution in the absorber 2. The refrigerant that does not evaporate is circulated by the refrigerant pump 14 through the pipe 30 to the evaporator l.

In such a refrigerator, a bypass pipe 31 is provided between a pipe 27 for discharging refrigerant vapor generated by the high temperature generator 4 and a pipe 28 for discharging refrigerant vapor generated from the medium temperature generator 5. , the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature generator 4 is guided to the heating side of the low temperature generator 6 or to the condenser 3 without passing through the heating side of the medium temperature generator 5. Further, the bypass pipe 31 is provided with a bypass valve 19 for adjusting the bypass amount of refrigerant according to the internal pressure of the high temperature generator 4. In addition, in this drawing, the bypass pipe is provided as described above, but in addition to this, the bypass pipe is used as a bypass pipe to guide the pipe 28 for discharging the refrigerant vapor coming out of the medium temperature generator 5 to the solution side of the low temperature generator 6. Alternatively, a bypass pipe leading to the condenser 3 may be used.

Furthermore, in such a refrigerator, when steam is used as the external heat source 15, the high temperature generator 4 is heated, the steam that has become a drain is drawn out from the piping 32, and the dilute solution exiting the high temperature heat exchanger 9 is The high temperature drain heat exchanger 10 provided for heating is used, and the drain coming out of 10 is used as the medium temperature drain heat exchanger 11 for heating the dilute solution coming out of the medium temperature heat exchanger 8. is used as a heating source for the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 for heating the dilute solution exiting the low-temperature heat exchanger 7, and exhaust heat is sufficiently recovered and discharged.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a bypass pipe is provided to bypass a part of the refrigerant vapor generated in a higher temperature generator without passing it through the heating side of the next generator, so the internal pressure of the high temperature generator is high. In this case, the generated steam can be bypassed and guided to the low pressure side, lowering the internal pressure. In addition, since the bypass pipe is equipped with a bypass valve, by controlling the amount of refrigerant vapor bypassed, the internal pressure of the high temperature generator can be controlled, enabling a mixed cycle of triple effect cycle and double effect cycle. This is a very economical refrigerator that can be used for many purposes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram showing an example of an absorption refrigerator of the present invention. ■... Evaporator, 2... Absorber, 3... Condenser, 4
... high temperature generator, 5 ... medium temperature generator, 6 ... low temperature generator, 7 ... low temperature heat exchanger, 8 ... medium temperature heat exchanger, 9 ... high temperature heat exchanger, 10... High temperature drain heat exchanger, 11... Medium temperature drain heat exchanger, 12... Low temperature drain heat exchanger, 13... Solution pump, 14... Refrigerant pump, 15... External heat source , 16.16...Cooling water, 18...Cold water, 19...Bypass valve, 31...
bypass pipe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. High temperature generator, medium temperature generator, low temperature generator, condenser,
In a refrigerator that uses an absorber, evaporator, and heat exchanger as its main components and connects them with solution piping and refrigerant piping to perform a triple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant vapor generated by the generator on the higher temperature side is A refrigerant vapor line is provided that bypasses the heating side of the next stage generator and leads to a lower pressure generator or condenser, and the vapor line is equipped with a valve to adjust the amount of refrigerant vapor to be bypassed. An absorption refrigerator characterized by: 2. Absorption refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant vapor line is a line that guides the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature generator to the solution side of the medium temperature generator or the heating side of the low temperature generator. Machine. 3. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant vapor line is a line that guides the refrigerant vapor generated in the medium temperature generator to the solution side of the low temperature generator or to the condenser. 4. The absorption refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein the valve for adjusting the amount of refrigerant vapor has a mechanism for adjusting the amount of refrigerant vapor to be bypassed so that the internal pressure of the high temperature generator does not exceed a predetermined pressure. Machine.