JP2003021420A - Absorption refrigerating plant and its operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption refrigerating plant that can be operated stably with high efficiency by utilizing the heat energy of a portable heat accumulator, and to provide a method of operating the plant. SOLUTION: This absorption refrigerating plant has a regenerator, condenser 3, absorber 2, evaporator 1, heat exchangers, absorbing solution pump 12, and refrigerant pump 11 and is designed to use the heat energy stored in the portable heat accumulator 4 as its heating source energy. The heat energy stored in the accumulator 4 can be used through a medium, such as high-temperature water, steam, etc. Since the accumulator 4 is detachably connected to the refrigerating plant, heat energy can be used as the heating source energy of the absorbing solution in the regenerator. In addition, the regenerator can be constituted of a heating source section 4 using an attachable/detachable portable heat accumulator and a gas-liquid separator section 5 which divides the absorbing solution into a condensed absorbing solution 22 and refrigerant vapor 28 independently from the heat accumulator.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigeration system, and more particularly to an absorption refrigeration system and a method of operating the absorption refrigeration system which can be operated by using heat energy generated at a remote place.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of thermal energy is supplied to a customer who needs a cold heat source for air conditioning of a building, cooling of a chemical process of a factory, etc. from a place remote from the customer.
Transported as heat energy by hot water or steam piping system,
The usage method of generating a cold heat source by a hot water or steam driven absorption refrigeration system installed on the customer side has been adopted. However, if this method is used in an overcrowded city, the cost of laying the piping will be enormous, and the construction period required for the laying will be long. The outbreak is also a source of social nuisance. Therefore, when a large amount of surplus heat energy is generated in a place relatively far from the consumer, this heat energy cannot be effectively used in many cases. Even if the place where a large amount of surplus heat energy is generated and the place where demand is the same, heat generation and use are not at the same time, so effective use is often impossible.
In the past, in order to use this generated heat source, it was necessary to manufacture a cold heat source and store it at a low temperature. Since there is no high-efficiency low-temperature absorption refrigeration system, this heat storage is only sensible heat and requires a large heat storage tank, which is an obstacle.

In the above piping system, heat energy is transported as high-temperature water or steam, and this heat energy is used directly or in the case of high-temperature water, as direct or indirect heating energy for an absorption refrigeration system. When high-temperature heat energy can be supplied, a double-effect absorption refrigeration system is used to ensure high-efficiency operation and save energy.
In the conventional double-effect absorption refrigeration system, if the specified stable high-temperature and high-pressure heat energy is not supplied as the heat source,
It is not possible to secure the prescribed high efficiency operation. The heat accumulator has a predetermined amount of heat generated, that is, before the heat storage energy starts to be generated, before the heat storage energy runs out, or when the demand heat amount changes.
It has the property that it cannot secure high-temperature water or steam at a specified temperature or pressure. Therefore, in the absorption refrigeration system, even when the portable heat storage device is directly used as a regenerator, due to the same characteristics, the absorption refrigeration system cannot exhibit the required performance / efficiency during the above-mentioned fixed time.

Further, in the conventional multi-effect absorption refrigeration system using a cooling tower, even if the cooling water inlet temperature decreases as the outside-air wet-bulb temperature decreases, the multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle is fixed, so that it is optimal and efficient. Is not driving well and misses the opportunity of energy saving driving. Such a technique has the following problems. (1) There is a need for another thermal energy transport system that is relatively inexpensive and that can realize a thermal energy transport system in a short construction period. (2) In order to make the portable heat storage device usable as a thermal energy transport system, a device for generating high-temperature water or steam for driving the absorption refrigeration device from the portable heat storage device on the customer side is required. If provided, a system similar to the piping system can be realized. However, the cost of this equipment has a negative effect.

(3) When the conventional absorption refrigeration system is used, high temperature water or steam is once generated in the heat generation process of the portable heat storage device, and this steam indirectly transfers the absorption solution of the regenerator of the absorption refrigeration system. Since the temperature and pressure are lowered due to this heat transfer effect, it becomes difficult to use the multi-effect absorption refrigeration system and it becomes impossible to operate it with high efficiency. (4) The heat accumulator has a characteristic that a predetermined amount of heat generation, that is, high-temperature water or steam having a predetermined temperature or pressure cannot be secured for a certain period of time such as the start of heat release, the end of heat release, and the change of the demanded heat amount. This state has the same characteristics even in the case of an absorption refrigeration system in which a portable heat storage device is directly used as a regenerator, and the required performance
Not only is it not possible to exert efficiency, but it is also not possible to ensure stable operating conditions. (5) In a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system using a cooling tower, the cooling water inlet temperature is lowered at night when the wet-bulb temperature is relatively low, on days when the humidity is low, and in the intermediate period, and as many effects as possible are used. Cycles should be available, but low temperature cooling water has not been used in the past.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and utilizes the heat energy of the portable heat storage device to the maximum extent, and an absorption refrigeration system capable of highly efficient and stable operation. It is an object to provide the driving method.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, heat exchangers, an absorbing solution pump and a refrigerant pump are at least main constituent devices. In the absorption refrigeration apparatus having a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe that connect them, the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device is used as the heat source energy of the device. In the absorption refrigeration system, the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device can be used via a medium such as high-temperature water or steam, and the portable heat storage device is detachably connected to the absorption refrigeration device. , One constituent function of the regenerator of the device or one of its constituent devices, which can be used as the heat source energy of the absorption solution in the regenerator, and the regenerator is a removable portable heat storage device. It can be composed of the heating source part used and the gas-liquid separator part which separates the concentrated absorbing solution and the refrigerant vapor independently from the heat storage device.

The absorption refrigerating apparatus of the present invention can be driven by a single-effect or multiple-effect (double-effect, triple-effect, four-effect, four-effect, depending on the temperature and / or pressure of the heating energy that can be generated by the portable heat storage device. It is possible to select the optimum effect absorption refrigeration system that enables the most efficient operation from among various types of absorption refrigeration systems (for heavy effects, etc.). In addition, the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device can be used. Furthermore, in the present invention, in the operating method of the multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system, the portable heat storage device is directly heated by the portable heat storage device at the start of heat dissipation, at the time of completion of heat dissipation, and at the time of change in heat demand. When the absorbing solution of the high temperature and high pressure regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, the regenerator detects this phenomenon by one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level, and the refrigerant generated in the regenerator. The steam is bypassed by the lower-stage regenerator and introduced into the heating source side of the next lower-stage regenerator at a controlled flow rate to automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operating state. .

In the method for operating the multi-effect absorption refrigeration system, when the inlet temperature of the cooling water to be passed through the absorber and the condenser, which are the components of the system, changes, this phenomenon occurs in the regenerator of the highest temperature and high pressure. Is detected at one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is
By bypassing the lower-stage regenerator and introducing it to the heating source side of the next lower-stage regenerator by controlling the flow rate, a highly efficient and stable operating state can be automatically maintained. Further, in the operating method of these multi-effect absorption refrigeration apparatus, when the heating temperature of the heating source and the cooling water inlet temperature are changed, it is detected which one has changed, and the refrigerant vapor to be introduced into the regenerator. The flow rate of the heating source can be controlled, and a change in the heating temperature of the heating source can be detected by a temperature sensor provided in the dilute solution pipe at the outlet of the regenerator. The temperature sensor provided in the pipe detects and controls which of these control signals is prioritized, and the regenerator with the highest temperature and high pressure detects this phenomenon by one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is detected with the control mechanism that bypasses the lower regenerator and controls the flow rate to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator and introduces it with high efficiency and stability. Automatic operating conditions Rukoto can.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a portable heat storage device is used instead of the piping system to transport the heat energy from the generation site to the demand destination. Further, since it is a heat storage device, it is not necessary that the supply amount and the demand amount are the same amount and at the same time. The portable heat storage device may be used either as it is integrated with the equipment of the transportation means or divided into the portable heat storage device. The portable heat accumulator that has stored heat exchanges heat with a heat medium to produce high-temperature water, steam, etc., and uses the high-temperature water, steam, etc. as a heat source energy source of a regenerator of an absorption refrigeration system to manufacture a cold heat source. The portable heat regenerator that has stored heat is directly used as a regenerator constituent functional device of the absorption refrigeration system, and the equipment necessary for heat transfer through an indirect medium is unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost of the absorption refrigeration system is reduced. ,
By directly using the portable heat storage device as a part of the constituent function of the regenerator, it is possible to eliminate the heat transfer temperature difference loss and the heat radiation loss that occur due to indirect heat exchange. Further, in the present invention, by directly flowing the absorbent solution to the portable heat storage device to heat it, a high solution temperature close to the heat-generating temperature of the portable heat storage device can be obtained. A multi-effect cycle can be realized and highly efficient operation becomes possible.

The heat accumulator starts generation of heat energy (heat dissipation),
For a certain period of time, such as a change in the amount of heat demand, before the completion of energy release, it is not possible to secure a certain amount of heat generation, that is, high temperature water or steam of a certain temperature or pressure, but in this state, the portable heat storage device is used as a direct regenerator. The same applies to the absorption refrigeration system described above. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to avoid the required performance and efficiency, and to avoid an unstable operating state,
This phenomenon is detected by one or more of the temperature, pressure and absorption solution level in the hottest regenerator and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator (or gas-liquid separator) is detected by the lower regenerator. Bypassing and controlling the flow rate to introduce it to the heating side of the next lower regenerator, ensure the specified performance and stable operation. In addition, the multi-effect absorption refrigeration system using a cooling tower utilizes the characteristic that the cooling water inlet temperature decreases at night when the wet bulb temperature is relatively low, on days when the humidity is low, and in the intermediate period, and as many effects as possible are obtained. In order to use the absorption refrigeration cycle, the state where the maximum multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle becomes impossible due to the rise of the cooling water inlet temperature is one of the temperature, pressure and absorption solution level in the hottest regenerator. Detected by the above, by bypassing the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator by the lower regenerator, and introducing the flow rate control to the heating side of the next lower regenerator, the predetermined performance is obtained. And ensure stable operation.

Next, the structure of the present invention will be specifically described.
In the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention, the model selected as the absorption refrigeration system is determined by the temperature level of the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device. That is, the higher the temperature level at which the portable heat accumulator radiates heat, the higher the efficiency of operation from the various types of absorption refrigeration equipment for single-effect and multiple-effect (double-effect, triple-effect, quadruple-effect, etc.). It is a good idea to select a high-efficiency absorption refrigeration system that has a multi-stage absorption refrigeration cycle that enables However, the temperature level at which the portable heat storage device radiates the stored heat generally depends on the temperature level of the heating energy when the heat is stored in the portable heat storage device and the type of the heat storage material of the heat storage device. Although the structure and size of the portable heat storage device differ depending on the transportation means, here, the structure of the portable heat storage device when the vehicle is transported by land will be described with reference to the sectional configuration diagram of FIG. FIG. 5: is a figure explaining the basic structure of the heat storage part 4A of a portable heat storage device.

The heat storage section 4A includes a body 200, a tube plate 202,
It has a heat exchanger structure composed of a large number of heat transfer tubes 201 and a header 204, and has a body 200 and a large number of heat transfer tubes 201.
The space is filled with heat storage material 203. The relatively low temperature dilute solution flows into the lower portion of the header 204 from the regenerator inlet dilute solution pipe 20 and flows through the large number of heat transfer tubes 201. Here, the high temperature dilute solution heated by the high temperature heat energy stored in the heat storage material 203 and collected in the upper part of the header 204 is stored in the heat storage outlet high temperature dilute solution pipe 21.
Get out of. Depending on the heat source temperature, a quadruple-effect absorption refrigeration system or the like can be selected, but here, as an example, in consideration of the case of using exhaust heat energy, the temperature level for radiating heat may have a sufficiently high heat storage energy. An example of adopting a portable heat storage device will be described below with reference to the flow configuration diagram of FIG.

In FIG. 1, the regenerator is provided with a valve 15 and a valve 16 and uses a removable portable regenerator 4 as a heating part, and the regenerator independently of the portable regenerator 4 concentrates the absorbing solution and the refrigerant. It is a triple effect absorption refrigerating device configured as a gas-liquid separator 5 for separating into vapor. In FIG. 1, the diluted solution which is obtained by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 2 and diluted is a pipe 1 by a solution pump 12.
Via the first solution heat exchanger 8, the second solution heat exchanger 9,
In the third solution heat exchanger 10, after being preheated by the high temperature concentrated solution from the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 5, respectively, through the valve 15 and the regenerator inlet dilute solution pipe 20. It flows into the portable heat storage device 4. The dilute solution is heated to a high temperature by radiating the heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device 4, and enters the gas-liquid separator 5 via the heat storage device outlet high temperature dilute solution pipe 21 and the valve 16.

When the flow cross-sectional area of the high temperature dilute solution pipe 21 for the heat storage outlet and the valve 16 is sufficiently large, the dilute solution is heated in the portable heat storage device 4, the high temperature dilute solution pipe 21 for the heat storage outlet, the valve 16, etc. There is also a case where the solution is heated to a high temperature, a part thereof becomes a refrigerant vapor, and the solution is sent to the gas-liquid separator 5 in a state where the solution starts to be concentrated.
In FIG. 1, the portable heat storage device 4 and the gas-liquid separator are shown as divided examples, but the gas-liquid separator 5 can be integrated inside the portable heat storage device 4. In FIG. 6, the gas-liquid separation function 5 is provided in the header 204 of the heat storage unit 4A of the portable heat storage unit.
It is stored as D. In this case, the valve corresponding to the valve 16 in FIG. 1 is the valve 1 in the gas-liquid separator outlet concentrated solution pipe 22.
6B and the valve 16A in the refrigerant vapor pipe 28 at the gas-liquid separator outlet are required at two places. The high-temperature concentrated solution concentrated by separating the refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separator 5 is passed through the gas-liquid separator outlet concentrated solution pipe 22 to the third solution heat exchanger 10,
In the second solution heat exchanger 9 and the first solution heat exchanger 8, they are cooled by a low temperature dilute solution and enter the absorber 2 via the absorber inlet pipe 27. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the concentrated solution from the gas-liquid separator 5 is supplied from the pipe 121 to the circulation pump 12
It is also possible to circulate it to the heat storage unit 4 via 0 to improve the heat transfer performance in the heat storage unit 4.

On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 enters the second regenerator 6 through the gas-liquid separator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe 28, and enters from the outlet side of the second solution heat exchanger 9. The dilute solution is split, heated through the second regenerator inlet dilute solution pipe 23, and heated to dilute the second regenerator 6 to concentrate the dilute solution. The concentrated concentrated solution is concentrated solution piping 24 at the outlet of the second regenerator.
Through the third solution heat exchanger 10 and the concentrated solution from the third solution heat exchanger 10, and is cooled in the second solution heat exchanger 9 and the first solution heat exchanger 8 by the low temperature dilute solution respectively, and the absorber inlet Piping 2
Enter the absorber 2 via 7. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor generated by being heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor in the second regenerator 6 is
First regeneration via the second regenerator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe 30 enters the first regenerator 7, is branched off from the outlet side of the first solution heat exchanger 8, and is passed through the first regenerator inlet dilute solution pipe 25 for first regeneration. The dilute solution sprinkled on the vessel 7 is heated to concentrate the dilute solution. The concentrated concentrated solution merges with the concentrated solution from the second solution heat exchanger 9 through the first regenerator outlet concentrated solution pipe 27, and is cooled by the low temperature dilute solution in the first solution heat exchanger 8. Then, it enters the absorber 2 through the absorber inlet pipe 27.

The refrigerant vapor condensed in the second regenerator 6 merges with the medium-temperature intermediate-pressure refrigerant vapor flowing through the second regenerator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe 30 via the second regenerator refrigerant liquid pipe 31. The refrigerant liquid condensed in the first regenerator is sent to the condenser 3 via the first regenerator refrigerant liquid pipe 32. The refrigerant vapor generated by being heated by the medium-temperature medium-pressure refrigerant vapor in the first regenerator enters the condenser 3 and is cooled by the cooling water to become the refrigerant liquid. This refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator 1 via the condenser outlet refrigerant liquid pipe 33 together with the refrigerant liquid condensed in the first regenerator 7. On the other hand, in the evaporator 1, the refrigerant liquid is pumped / sprayed by the refrigerant pump 11 through the evaporator refrigerant liquid pipe 34 to remove heat from the cold water and evaporate to become the refrigerant vapor and enter the absorber 2. . Although not shown, the cold water that has been deprived of heat has a low temperature and is supplied to the demand side as a cold heat source. The refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1 is absorbed by the concentrated solution sprayed on the absorber 2 to become a dilute solution, and is sent from the lower part of the absorber 2 to the first solution heat exchanger 8 via the pipe 19 by the solution pump 12. And repeat the cycle. The heat generated when the concentrated solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 2 is cooled by the cooling water. In the example of FIG. 1, the cooling water is flowed from the absorber 2 to the condenser 3 in series, but parallel water flow and a reverse water flow method can also be adopted.

When the portable heat storage unit 4 starts to radiate heat, when the heat radiation is completed, or when the demanded heat amount changes, the heating medium or the absorption solution directly heated by the portable heat storage unit 4 of one component of the regenerator is set to a predetermined value. If the heating temperature of is not reached, the regenerator function,
The temperature detection controller 13 detects this phenomenon with a regenerator,
The control valve 14 is opened / closed by a signal from this to secure a stable operating state and the most efficient multiple-effect absorption refrigeration cycle under this condition. That is, when the temperature of the heating energy is relatively low, the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5 has a relatively low temperature, and the refrigerant pressure generated in the vessel is relatively low. However, since the vapor pressure of the heating refrigerant in the second regenerator 6 and the first regenerator 7 is reduced, the dilute solution is not sufficiently concentrated, and the generated vapor amount is reduced. Since the internal pressure of 7 decreases, the flow of the concentrated solution from each of the regenerators 6 and 7 to the absorber 2 becomes poor, which may lead to an unstable operating state. Therefore, in order to avoid this state, as described above, the control valve 14 is controlled to open and close, and the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 2
It is possible to supply a relatively high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor to the first regenerator 7 via 9 to maintain a stable operating state and an optimum multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state. .

In FIG. 1, this state is detected by the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but this gas-liquid separator 5
In this case, this state can also be detected by the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here, that is, the generated refrigerant vapor pressure, and the absorption liquid level. That is, in this state, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively low in the gas-liquid separator 5, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor decreases, and the pressure difference between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 decreases. The amount of the concentrated solution flowing into the liquid separator outlet concentrated solution pipe 22 decreases, and as a result, the level of the concentrated solution rises. Therefore, by detecting one or more of temperature, pressure and liquid level, the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator is bypassed to the lower regenerator and the next lower regenerator is heated. It is possible to automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operating state by introducing the flow rate control on the source side. Although not shown in the figure, there are places where equivalent detection can be performed in or around the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator 5, and the third regenerator 5B and the second regenerator described in FIG. The same detection method can be adopted in the device 6 and its surroundings.

When the cooling water inlet temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, the temperature of the concentrated solution in the first regenerator 7, the second regenerator 6 and the bottom of the gas-liquid separator rises, that is, in each state, the concentration of the concentrated solution rises. With the refrigerant vapor pressure, the dilute solution cannot be sufficiently concentrated, so that the refrigerant vapor pressures of each of the refrigerants increase in a chain, and a normal triple effect absorption refrigeration cycle becomes impossible, resulting in stable and highly efficient operating conditions. There is a risk that it cannot be secured. Therefore, in order to avoid this state, as described above, the control valve 14 is controlled to be opened / closed, and the refrigerant vapor of relatively high temperature and high pressure is supplied to the first regenerator 7 via the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 29 to stabilize the temperature. It is possible to maintain a stable operating state and to maintain an optimum multi-effect absorption refrigeration cycle in this state.

In FIG. 1, this state is detected by the temperature of the concentrated solution at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 5, but in the case of this gas-liquid separator 5, the vapor pressure of the solution concentrated here, that is, the generated refrigerant vapor. This state can also be detected by the pressure and the level of the absorbing liquid. That is, in this state, the temperature of the concentrated solution becomes relatively high in the gas-liquid separator 5, the refrigerant vapor pressure rises, and the differential pressure between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the absorber 2 rises. Since the flow of the concentrated solution is improved, the liquid level of the concentrated solution is lowered. Therefore, one or more of temperature, pressure, and liquid level are detected, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator bypasses the lower regenerator and the heating source of the next lower regenerator. It is possible to automatically maintain a highly efficient and stable operating state by introducing the flow rate control to the side. Although not illustrated in FIG. 1, it is a place where equivalent detection can be performed in or around the regenerator or the gas-liquid separator 5, and the third regenerator 5B and the second regenerator described in FIG. The same detection method can be adopted in the device 6 and its surroundings.

In the case where the heating medium or the absorption solution which is directly heated in the portable heat storage unit 4 which is one component of the regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, and when the cooling water inlet temperature rises above the predetermined temperature. Then, the above-mentioned phenomenon occurring in the gas-liquid separator 5 is the opposite phenomenon, but these phenomena are detected by a temperature sensor provided in the dilute solution pipe at the outlet of the heat accumulator when a change in the heating temperature of the heating source is detected. In addition, the change in the cooling water inlet temperature is detected by a temperature sensor provided in the cooling water inlet pipe, and the control signal is used to judge and control which control is prioritized. This phenomenon
Flow rate control to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator by bypassing the lower regenerator with the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator or gas-liquid separator by detecting one or more of pressure and absorption liquid level By using the control mechanism introduced after that, it is possible to selectively perform control that automatically maintains a highly efficient and stable operating state.

FIG. 2 is a flow configuration diagram of an absorption refrigeration system of the present invention, which is the same as that of FIG. 2 also has the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 and has the same function, but in FIG. 2, since the second regenerator 6 is not provided, the overheat temperature of the heating source has a predetermined value. When the temperature is not reached or the cooling water inlet temperature rises, the refrigerant vapor generated by the gas-liquid separator 5 bypasses the lower regenerator 7 and is directly introduced into the condenser 3 while controlling the flow rate. There is. FIG. 3 is a flow configuration diagram of a single-effect absorption refrigeration system which is an absorption refrigeration system of the present invention in which a heat storage device is directly incorporated. Also in FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 have the same functions, but in this device, one regenerator function is performed by the portable heat storage device 4 and the gas-liquid separator 5A in the single-effect absorption refrigeration device. Therefore, it does not have a control function for the temperature change of the heating source or the cooling water.

FIG. 4 is a flow configuration diagram of a triple effect absorption refrigeration system which is an absorption refrigeration system of the present invention in which a heat storage device is indirectly incorporated. In FIG. 4, the energy stored in the regenerator 4 is transported by the water supply pump 100 by the water introduced from the regenerator water supply pipe 102, and is heated through the heat transfer tube in the regenerator 4 to become high temperature and high pressure. The water is introduced into the vapor-liquid separator 5C of the steam from the high temperature water pipe 103, and the generated high temperature high pressure steam is discharged from the pipe 104 to the third regenerator 5B.
The steam drain, which is used as a heating source of the third regenerator 5B and is condensed in the third regenerator 5B, passes through the steam drain pipe 105 and is circulated from the pipe 106 to the gas-liquid separator 5C via the drain trap. The liquefied water is supplied from the pipe 107 to the water supply pump 10
It is circulated to the heat storage device 4 via 0. Although steam is used as a heating medium here, the heating medium may be high-temperature water, oil, or the like. Thus, in FIG.
Instead of the heat storage unit 4 and the gas-liquid separator 5 shown in FIG.
Except that B is used, it functions as in FIG. 1 and can be controlled in the same manner.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) It is possible to supply the heat energy generated at a place distant from the consumer to the heat consumer for the purpose of district heating / cooling, cooling of the factory chemical process, etc., and obtain the cold heat source required for air conditioning and freezing. (2) Generated energy that cannot be used directly at the location where heat energy is generated is stored until needed, and the heat storage device is transported to heat consumers away from the location where it is generated to make effective use of energy and Energy saving can be achieved. (3) Use a portable heat storage device to transport thermal energy. (4) A district heating / cooling facility, a customer, or the like can operate the absorption refrigerating device by using the supplied thermal energy of the portable heat storage device to produce the required cold energy.

(5) With respect to the supplied thermal energy, the absorption refrigeration apparatus can be selected and used at low cost and with high efficiency. (6) Energy consumption is reduced by realizing energy saving by high efficiency of the absorption refrigeration system, transport amount of thermal energy by the portable heat storage device is reduced, transport cost is reduced, and environment from the cooling tower is reduced. It reduces the amount of heat radiated to the environment and reduces the load on the environment. (7) By enabling efficient operation, a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system that reduces the amount of water used for heat dissipation to cooling water and the amount of power consumption can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow configuration diagram of a triple effect absorption refrigeration system showing an example of an absorption refrigeration system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow configuration diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigeration system showing another example of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow configuration diagram of a single-effect absorption refrigeration system showing another example of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow configuration diagram of a triple effect absorption refrigeration system showing another example of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an example of an absorption refrigeration apparatus for a heat storage device used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing another example of the absorption refrigeration system for a heat storage device used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial configuration diagram showing another example of the heat storage device and the gas-liquid separator used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Evaporator, 2: Absorber, 3: Condenser, 4: Portable heat storage device, 5: Gas-liquid separator, 5A: Gas-liquid separator, 5B: Third regenerator, 5C: Gas-liquid separation of vapor Vessel, 5D: gas-liquid separation function of portable heat storage device, 6: second regenerator, 7: first regenerator, 8: first solution heat exchanger, 9: second solution heat exchanger, 10: third Solution heat exchanger, 11: Refrigerant pump, 12: Solution pump, 1
3: pressure detection controller, 14: control valve, 15: valve, 16:
Valve, 17: cold water, 18: cooling water, 19: dilute solution piping, 2
0: Regenerator inlet dilute solution pipe, 21: Regenerator outlet high temperature dilute solution pipe, 22: Gas-liquid separator outlet concentrated solution pipe, 22A: Third regenerator outlet concentrated solution pipe, 23: Second regenerator inlet diluted solution Piping, 24: Second regenerator outlet concentrated solution piping, 25: First regenerator inlet diluted solution piping, 26: First regenerator outlet concentrated solution piping, 2
7: Absorber inlet concentrated solution pipe, 28: Gas-liquid separator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe, 28A: Third regenerator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe, 29:
Refrigerant vapor bypass pipe, 30: Second regenerator outlet refrigerant vapor pipe, 31: Second regenerator outlet refrigerant liquid pipe, 32: First regenerator outlet refrigerant liquid pipe, 33: Condenser outlet refrigerant liquid pipe, 34:
Evaporator refrigerant liquid pipe, 100: Water supply pump, 101: Drain trap, 102: Heat storage water supply pipe, 103: Heat storage high temperature water pipe, 104: High temperature high pressure steam pipe, 105: Steam drain pipe, 106: Steam drain pipe, 107: Water supply pump inlet piping

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F25B 27/02 F25B 27/02 K

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An absorption refrigeration system having a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, an absorption solution pump and a refrigerant pump as at least main components, and a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe connecting these components, An absorption refrigerating apparatus, wherein heat energy stored in a portable heat storage device is used as a heating source energy of the apparatus. 2. The heat energy stored in the portable heat storage device is used via a medium.
The absorption refrigeration system described. 3. The portable heat accumulator is detachably connected to the absorption refrigeration system and serves as one constituent function of the regenerator of the apparatus or one constituent device thereof, and a heating source for an absorption solution in the regenerator. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, which is used as energy. 4. The regenerator includes a heating source section that uses a removable portable heat storage unit, and a gas-liquid separator section that separates the concentrated absorption solution and the refrigerant vapor independently from the heat storage unit. 4. The absorption refrigeration system according to claim 3, wherein 5. The absorption refrigeration system may be selected from a variety of single-effect or multi-effect absorption refrigeration systems that can be driven according to the temperature and / or pressure of the heating energy that can be generated by the portable heat storage device. The absorption refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an absorption refrigeration system having an optimum effect that enables the most efficient operation is selected. 6. The absorption refrigeration system of claim 5, wherein the multi-effect absorption refrigeration system uses the thermal energy stored in the portable heat storage device for a regenerator having the highest temperature and high pressure. 7. The method of operating a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system according to claim 6, wherein the portable heat storage device is directly heated by the portable heat storage device at the start of heat release, the completion of heat release, and the change in the required heat quantity. When the absorption solution of the highest temperature and high pressure regenerator does not reach the predetermined heating temperature, this phenomenon is generated by the regenerator by detecting one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level. The refrigerant vapor that bypasses the lower-stage regenerator and is introduced into the next-stage lower-stage regenerator by controlling the flow rate, and automatically maintains a highly efficient and stable operating state. Method of operating a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system. 8. The method for operating a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when the cooling water inlet temperature passed to the absorber and the condenser, which are the constituent components of the device, changes, This phenomenon is detected by a high-temperature high-pressure regenerator at one or more of temperature, pressure, and absorption liquid level, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is bypassed to the lower regenerator and the next lower regenerator. A method for operating a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system, which is characterized in that the flow rate is controlled and introduced to the heating source side, and a highly efficient and stable operation state is automatically maintained. 9. The method for operating a multi-effect absorption refrigerating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the heating temperature of the heating source and the cooling water inlet temperature change, which is changed, the regeneration is performed. A method for operating a multi-effect absorption refrigeration system, characterized in that the flow rate of refrigerant vapor introduced into the reactor is controlled. 10. The method for operating a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system according to claim 9, wherein the change in the heating temperature of the heating source is:
The temperature sensor provided in the dilute solution pipe at the outlet of the heat storage unit detects it, and the change in the cooling water inlet temperature is detected by the temperature sensor provided in the cooling water inlet pipe. Which control should be prioritized by this detection signal? This phenomenon is detected by the regenerator of the highest temperature and high pressure at one or more of temperature, pressure and absorption liquid level, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is bypassed to the lower regenerator. Operation of a multiple-effect absorption refrigeration system characterized by automatically maintaining a highly efficient and stable operating state by using a control mechanism that controls and introduces the flow rate to the heating source side of the next lower regenerator Method.