JP3429905B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerating machine, and more particularly to an absorption refrigerating machine having two types of working medium systems and having high thermal efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of absorption refrigerator,
For example, an apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is known.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a high temperature generator, 2 is a low temperature generator cylinder having a low temperature generator 3 and a rectification column 4, and 5 is a first evaporator comprising an evaporator 6 and an absorber 7.・ Absorber cylinder, 8
Is a second evaporator / absorber cylinder composed of an evaporator 9 and an absorber 10, 11 is a partial condenser / condenser cylinder composed of a partial condenser 12 and a condenser 13, and 14 ・ 15 ・ 16 ・ 17 ・18 is a pump,
21, 22 and 23 are heat exchangers, and the absorption liquid pipe 31.
32, 33, 34 and refrigerant pipes 41, 42, 43, 44
First refrigeration, which is connected by piping through 45, and which uses the high-temperature generator 1, the low-temperature generator 3, and the first evaporator / absorber barrel 5, for example, water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide aqueous solution as an absorption liquid. The second cycle of the cycle and the low-temperature generator cylinder 2, the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder 11 and the second evaporator / absorber cylinder 8 uses, for example, trifluoroethanol as a refrigerant and n-methylpyrrolidone as an absorption liquid. A refrigerating cycle is configured, and cold water is circulated and supplied to an indoor unit (not shown) or the like by a cold water pipe 51 that is routed through the inside of the evaporators 6 and 9 so that cooling operation can be performed.

Reference numeral 52 is a heat source pipe for supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the high-temperature generator 1, and 53 is provided so as to sequentially pass through the inside of the absorbers 7 and 10 and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11. The cooling water pipe 51 is connected to an outdoor unit (not shown) or an appropriate warm wastewater source, or is connected so that river water can be taken in, and the cooling water pipe 53 is connected to an indoor unit (not shown). The heating operation using the heat pump function is also possible.

That is, in the cooling operation of the absorption refrigerating machine illustrated in FIG. 2, the dilute liquid of the absorber 7 becomes the heat exchanger 21.
The concentrated liquid, which has been concentrated by evaporating and separating the refrigerant by the heating action of the steam flowing through the heat source pipe 52 in the high temperature generator 1 via the heat exchanger 22, passes through the heat exchanger 22. 9, the refrigerant vapor generated and separated in the high temperature generator 1 is condensed via the low temperature generator 3 and the heat exchanger 21 and flows into the evaporator 6, and the inside of the cold water pipe 51 is absorbed by the endothermic action during evaporation. The water flowing through is cooled.

Further, the dilute liquid of the absorber 10 flows into the low temperature generator barrel 2 via the heat exchanger 23, and the concentrated liquid concentrated by evaporating and separating the refrigerant in the low temperature generator barrel 2 is the heat exchanger. After the refrigerant vapor flowing into the absorber 10 via 23 and generated and separated in the low temperature generator 3 is rectified in the rectification tower 4, the partial condenser 12
Flow into.

The liquid condensed in the dephlegmator 12 returns to the rectification column 4 through the refrigerant pipe 44, and is not condensed in the dephlegmator 12 but enters the condenser 13 and the condensed liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator 9. Then
The water that flows inside the cold water pipe 51 is further cooled by the endothermic action during evaporation, and is circulated and supplied to an indoor unit (not shown) to perform the cooling action.

In the heat source pipe 52, for example, electromagnetic type on-off valves 61 and 62 are installed together with the gas-liquid separator 52a as shown in the figure, and by opening and closing these on-off valves, a high temperature which is a heat source. The supply / stop of high-pressure steam to the high-temperature generator 1 is controlled, and the generation / separation of the refrigerant can be controlled.

Further, the heat generated when the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorbers 7 and 10 is carried by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 53 to an outdoor unit (not shown) or a cooling tower and radiated to the outside air. It

On the other hand, the cooling water pipe 53 is connected to the indoor unit,
The heat generated when the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorbers 7 and 10 and the cooling water (hot water) heated by the refrigerant vapor in the demultiplexer / condenser body 11 are circulated and supplied to the indoor unit for heating. At the time of operation, the cold water pipe 51 is connected to an outdoor unit or an appropriate warm wastewater source, or connected so that river water can be taken in,
The refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporators 6 and 9.

By connecting the cold water pipe 51 and the cooling water pipe 53 as described above, a so-called heat pump operation can be performed in which heat is drawn from the low temperature heat source to perform heating operation.

[0012]

However, in the absorption refrigerator having the above-mentioned rectification column, the rectification of the refrigerant cannot be sufficiently performed at the start of the rectification operation. There is a problem that the refrigerant mixed with the liquid is supplied to the evaporator, the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant rises, and the performance of the absorption refrigerator is not sufficiently exhibited.

Therefore, in order to prevent the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the evaporator from rising, measures such as blowing a certain amount of the refrigerant from the evaporator to the absorber have been taken. Since all of the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid and circulates as a dilute liquid, it must be heated again to evaporate and separate the refrigerant, and there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor. The solution was a problem.

[0014]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and includes a high temperature generator and
A first refrigeration cycle in which a low temperature generator of a low temperature generator cylinder equipped with a rectification tower and a first evaporator / absorber cylinder including a first evaporator and a first absorber are connected by piping. And a low temperature generator cylinder, a partial condenser / condenser cylinder including a partial condenser and a condenser, and a second evaporator including a second evaporator and a second absorber. In an absorption refrigerator comprising two kinds of working medium systems, which constitutes a second refrigeration cycle by connecting a pipe to an absorber body,

A circulation pipe for a condensed refrigerant connecting the condenser and the second evaporator, and a reflux liquid pipe for circulating the stored liquid from the liquid phase portion of the second evaporator to the rectification column. , The first connection in which the liquids flowing in both pipes are connected by heat exchange
And the configuration of

In the first structure, a second structure in which a reflux liquid pump is provided in the reflux liquid pipe,

In the first structure, the reflux liquid pipe is branched from the discharge side pipe of the refrigerant circulation pump installed in the second evaporator, and the reflux liquid pipe is provided with the reflux liquid pump. And the third configuration,

In the second or third configuration, the first
And, the rotation of the reflux liquid pump is controlled based on the temperature of the cold water during the cooling operation in which the cold water cooled through the cold water pipe that is routed through the inside of the second evaporator is circulated to the indoor unit. A fourth configuration having a reflux control device;

In the second or third structure, the first
And the temperature of the cold water that flows into the first evaporator during the cooling operation in which the cold water that has been cooled through the cold water pipe that has passed through the inside of the second evaporator is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit; A fifth configuration in which a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump is provided based on the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the evaporator of No. 2,

In the second or third configuration, the first
And the temperature of the hot water during heating operation in which hot water heated through a cooling water pipe that is routed through the inside of the second absorber and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser body is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit And a sixth configuration in which a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump is provided based on

In the second or third configuration, the first
And the first unit during the heating operation in which hot water heated through the cooling water pipe that is piped through the inside of the second absorber and the inside of the partial condenser / condenser body is circulated to the indoor unit. The rotation of the reflux liquid pump is controlled based on the temperature of the hot water flowing into the absorber, the temperature of the hot water flowing out of the second absorber, or the temperature of the hot water flowing out of the condenser / condenser barrel. A seventh configuration having a reflux control device;

In the second or third configuration, the first
Also, during the heating operation in which the warm water heated through the cooling water pipe that has been piped through the inside of the second absorber and the inside of the partial condenser / condenser barrel is circulated to the indoor unit, Two
An eighth configuration in which a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump is provided based on the temperature of the heat source water cooled through the cold water pipe that is routed through the inside of the evaporator of

In the second or third configuration, the first
Also, during the heating operation in which the warm water heated through the cooling water pipe that has been piped through the inside of the second absorber and the inside of the partial condenser / condenser barrel is circulated to the indoor unit, Two
Ninth configuration in which a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump is provided based on the difference in inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat source water cooled through the cold water pipe that is routed through the inside of the evaporator of And, are provided.

[0024]

[Operation] When the time has not passed since the start of operation, the rectification of the refrigerant in the rectification column is not sufficiently performed, and the refrigerant containing a relatively large amount of absorbing liquid passes through the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder. When there is a concern that the evaporation of the refrigerant will be suppressed by flowing into the second evaporator, the stored liquid is refluxed from the liquid phase part of the second evaporator to the rectification column, so that the refrigerant in the liquid phase part The absorption liquid concentration decreases, and the evaporating action of the refrigerant is restored.

Moreover, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid stored in the liquid phase portion of the second evaporator and the high-temperature condensate condensed in the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder are heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger to be refined. Since it flows into the distillation column or the second evaporator, the amount of heat required for the evaporation separation and rectification of the refrigerant in the low-temperature generator barrel is small, and the cooling of the cold water in the second evaporator can be performed efficiently.

In particular, the temperature of the cold water during the cooling operation in which the cold water cooled by the cold water pipes routed through the inside of the first and second evaporators is circulated to the indoor unit, and the first and the second
The temperature of hot water heated by the cooling water pipes that are piped through the inside of the absorber and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser barrel are circulated to the indoor unit. Based on the temperature of the heat source water in the, in the absorption refrigerator having a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump,

The operation of reducing the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the liquid phase portion and recovering the evaporating action of the refrigerant can be automatically performed.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 1, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 have the same functions as those described with reference to FIG. 2, and description thereof is omitted within the range that does not hinder the understanding of the present invention.

Reference numeral 46 in the figure denotes a liquid phase portion 9a of the second evaporator 9.
And a rectification tower 4, which is a reflux liquid pipe, and a pump 19 provided in the middle of the refrigerant liquid to be circulated from the liquid phase portion 9a to the rectification tower 4 and condensed by the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11. However, heat exchange with the condensate flowing through the refrigerant pipe 45 to the evaporator 9 can be performed by the heat exchanger 24 on the way.

Reference numeral 71 is a control device for controlling the amount of heat input to the high temperature generator 1 and for controlling the rotation of the pump 19. The control device 71 is a temperature installed at the evaporator 6 inlet side of the cold water pipe 51. The temperature difference is calculated based on the temperature data measured and output by the sensor 72 and the temperature sensor 73 installed on the evaporator 9 outlet side of the cold water pipe 51, and the opening degree of the on-off valve 61 is adjusted based on the temperature difference. A well-known function of proportionally controlling the amount of heat supplied to the high temperature generator 1 by means of a pump 19
By changing the frequency of the power supplied to the
The temperature sensor 73 has a control function of increasing the rotation speed of the pump 19 when the temperature of the cold water that is measured and output increases, and decreasing the rotation speed of the pump 19 when the temperature of the cold water decreases.

Therefore, in the absorption refrigerating machine for cooling operation according to the present invention, the absorbing liquid is rectified in the rectification column 4 at the initial stage of the operation when the rectification action in the rectification column 4 is not sufficient.
After flowing into the evaporator 9 via the dephlegmator / condenser body 11, the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the liquid phase portion 9a is increased, the evaporation of the refrigerant is suppressed, the cooling action is decreased, and the cooling water take-out temperature is lowered. When the temperature rises, the amount of the refrigerant that flows back from the liquid phase section 9a to the rectification column 4 increases, so that the concentration of the liquid absorption medium in the liquid phase section 9a decreases, and the cooling action in the evaporator 9 is restored.

Moreover, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid stored in the liquid phase portion 9a and the high-temperature condensate condensed in the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11 exchange heat with the heat exchanger 24 and the rectification column. 4 or into the evaporator 9, a small amount of heat is required to evaporate and separate the refrigerant in the low temperature generator barrel 2, and the cold water in the evaporator 9 can be efficiently cooled.

When the temperature difference between the temperature data of the cold water measured by the temperature sensors 72 and 73, for example, the temperature of the cold water flowing into the evaporator 6 and the temperature of the cold water taken out from the evaporator 9 decreases, the control device 71 reduces the pump 19. Even if the control function of decreasing the rotation speed of the pump 19 is provided by increasing the rotation speed of the pump and expanding the rotation speed, the same operation and effect as above can be obtained.

When the cold water pipe 51 is connected to an outdoor unit or an appropriate warm wastewater source or river water so that the water can be taken in, and the cooling water pipe 53 is connected to the indoor unit to use this device for heating operation, cooling is performed. When the temperature of the hot water measured and output by the temperature sensor 76 installed on the outlet side of the condenser 13 of the water pipe 53 is low, the rotation speed of the pump 19 is increased, and when the temperature of taking out the hot water is increased, the rotation speed of the pump 19 is decreased. Thus, the control device 71 is configured.

Therefore, even during the heating operation, the absorbing liquid passes through the rectification tower 4, the dephlegmator, and the condenser barrel 11 at the initial stage of the operation where the rectification action in the rectification tower 4 is insufficient. When the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the liquid phase portion 9a rises to suppress the evaporation of the refrigerant, the heat pump action decreases, and the temperature of hot water taken out from the cooling water pipe 53 decreases, the liquid phase Since the amount of the refrigerant flowing back from the portion 9a to the rectification column 4 increases, the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant liquid in the liquid phase portion 9a decreases, and the heat pump action in the evaporator 9 is restored.

Even if the control device 71 is configured to control not based on the temperature sensor 76 but on the temperature data of the hot water measured by the temperature sensor 75 installed on the outlet side of the absorber 10 of the cooling water pipe 53, it is similar to the above. The effect of is obtained.

Further, the control device 71 includes a temperature sensor 74.
75 or the temperature data of hot water measured by the temperature sensors 74 and 76, for example, when the temperature difference between the temperature of hot water flowing into the absorber 7 and the temperature of hot water taken out from the absorber 10 decreases, the rotation speed of the pump 19 increases, Even if it is configured so as to have a control function of reducing the number of rotations of the pump 19 when enlarged, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

Further, the control device 71 is configured to increase the rotation speed of the pump 19 when the temperature measured and output by the temperature sensor 72 installed in the cold water pipe 51 rises, and to decrease the rotation speed of the pump 19 when the temperature falls. Alternatively, if the temperature difference measured and output by the temperature sensors 72 and 73 is reduced, the rotational speed of the pump 19 is increased, and if it is increased, the rotational speed of the pump 19 is decreased. Is obtained.

Even if the suction side of the pump 19 is connected to the discharge side pipe of the pump 17, the same operational effect as the absorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

Since the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the claims.

[0041]

As described above, according to the absorption refrigerating machine of the present invention, the rectification of the refrigerant in the rectification column is not sufficiently carried out, for example, when the time has not passed from the start of operation, and the comparison is made. When a refrigerant containing a large amount of absorbing liquid flows into the second evaporator via the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder and there is a concern that the evaporation of the refrigerant will be suppressed, the liquid phase portion of the second evaporator By refluxing the stored liquid from the liquid to the rectification column, the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the liquid phase portion is lowered and the evaporating action of the refrigerant is recovered, so the evaporating action in the evaporator is suppressed and the capacity is reduced. Never.

Moreover, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid stored in the liquid phase portion of the second evaporator and the high-temperature condensate condensed in the dephlegmator / condenser barrel are heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger to be refined. Since it flows into the distillation column or the second evaporator, the amount of heat required for the evaporation separation and rectification of the refrigerant in the low-temperature generator barrel is small, and the cooling of the cold water in the second evaporator can be performed efficiently.

In particular, the temperature of the cold water during the cooling operation in which the cold water cooled by the cold water pipes routed through the inside of the first and second evaporators is circulated to the indoor unit, and the first and the second
The temperature of hot water heated by the cooling water pipes that are piped through the inside of the absorber and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser barrel are circulated to the indoor unit. Based on the temperature of the heat source water in the, in the absorption refrigerator having a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump,

Since the operation of reducing the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the liquid phase portion and recovering the evaporating action of the refrigerant is automatically performed, the operability is excellent.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 High temperature generator 2 Low temperature generator 3 Low temperature generator 4 rectification tower 5 First evaporator / absorber barrel 6 evaporator 7 absorber 8 Second evaporator / absorber barrel 9 evaporator 9a Liquid phase part 10 absorber 11 dephlegmator / condenser body 12-divider 13 condenser 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 pumps 21, 22, 23, 24 heat exchanger 31, 32, 33, 34 Absorbing liquid piping 41 ・ 42 ・ 43 ・ 44 ・ 45 Refrigerant piping 46 Reflux liquid piping 51 Cold water piping 52 Heat source piping 53 Cooling water piping 61 ・ 62 open / close valve 71 Control device 72 ・ 73 ・ 74 ・ 75 ・ 76 Temperature sensor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Takao Tanaka 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Yuto Kobayashi 2-chome, Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka No. 5 In Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuya Hirose 2-5-5 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 62-37650 (JP, A) JP-A-1-98862 (JP, A) JP-A-6-221710 (JP, A) JP-A-58-123071 (JP, A) JP-A-3-199860 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 15/00 F25B 15/00 303 F25B 15/00 306 F25B 33/00

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A high temperature generator, a low temperature generator of a low temperature generator cylinder equipped with a rectification column, and a first evaporator / absorber cylinder comprising a first evaporator and a first absorber. A first refrigeration cycle by connecting the pipes to the low temperature generator cylinder,
The second condenser is formed by connecting the condenser / condenser cylinder including the condenser and the condenser and the second evaporator / absorber cylinder including the second evaporator and the second absorber by pipe connection. Constituting a refrigeration cycle, 2
In an absorption refrigerating machine composed of various types of working medium systems, a circulation pipe for a condensed refrigerant that connects the condenser and the second evaporator, and a liquid phase portion of the second evaporator to the rectification column. An absorption refrigerator, wherein a reflux liquid pipe for refluxing the stored liquid is connected by pipes so that liquids flowing in both pipes can exchange heat with each other. 2. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a reflux liquid pump is provided in the reflux liquid pipe. 3. The reflux liquid pipe according to claim 1, wherein the reflux liquid pipe is branched and extended from the discharge side pipe of the refrigerant circulation pump installed in the second evaporator, and the reflux liquid pipe is provided with the reflux liquid pump. Absorption refrigerator. 4. Based on the temperature of the cold water at the time of cooling operation in which the cold water cooled through the cold water pipes routed through the inside of the first and second evaporators is circulated to the indoor unit,
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux pump. 5. The cold water cooled through a cold water pipe arranged through the insides of the first and second evaporators is circulated to the indoor unit and flows into the first evaporator during cooling operation. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a reflux amount control device that controls the rotation of the reflux liquid pump based on the temperature of the cold water and the temperature of the cold water that flows out from the second evaporator. 6. A heating system for circulating hot water heated through an inside of a first absorber and a second absorber and an inside of a dephlegmator / condenser barrel to an indoor unit through a cooling water pipe. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a reflux amount control device that controls the rotation of the reflux pump based on the temperature of the hot water during operation. 7. Heating for supplying hot water circulated to a indoor unit by circulating hot water heated through cooling water pipes that are piped through the insides of the first and second absorbers and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser barrel. The temperature of the hot water flowing into the first absorber during operation, and the second
Temperature of hot water flowing out of the absorber of
The recirculation amount control device for controlling the rotation of the recirculation liquid pump based on the temperature of the hot water flowing out from the condenser barrel.
Or the absorption refrigerator according to 3. 8. A heating system that circulates hot water heated through an inside of the first and second absorbers and an inside of a dephlegmator / condenser body through a cooling water pipe to an indoor unit. During operation, based on the temperature of the heat source water cooled through the cold water pipes that have been piped through the inside of the first and second evaporators,
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux pump. 9. A heating system that circulates hot water heated through an inside of a first absorber and a second absorber and an inside of a dephlegmator / condenser barrel through a cooling water pipe to an indoor unit. At the time of operation, a reflux amount control device for controlling the rotation of the reflux liquid pump based on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet ports of the heat source water cooled through the cold water pipes routed through the insides of the first and second evaporators is provided. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 or 3.