JPS6040788B2 - absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention uses a fluid belonging to a relatively low temperature range (hereinafter referred to as low temperature fluid) as a heating source, such as waste heat, hot water obtained from geothermal heat or a solar overflow device, as a driving heat source for an absorption refrigerator. This article relates to an absorption refrigerator that enables

Various absorption refrigerators have been proposed that use low-temperature fluid as the driving heat source in combination with the driving heat source of a normal absorption refrigerator (hereinafter referred to as this type of absorption refrigerator). It is necessary to lower the boiling point of the liquid by setting its concentration lower than that of the dilute absorption liquid in generators using high-temperature fluid (high-temperature heat source), and to widen the heating area of generators using low-temperature fluid to prevent the generation of cold butterflies. Since it is necessary to accelerate the cooling process, there is a drawback that the equipment becomes larger for the same refrigeration capacity.

In addition, if the concentration of the absorption liquid in the generator using low-temperature fluid is set low without increasing the size of the equipment,
The concentration of the absorption liquid that circulates between the components of this type of absorption refrigerator, such as the absorption liquid in the absorber and the absorption liquid in the generator that uses high-temperature fluid, is also low, resulting in a decrease in refrigeration capacity. It was hot. The present invention has been made in view of these points, and in addition to making the generator section using a low-temperature fluid into a four-type generator, it is possible to operate only with a high-temperature heat source while saving or not using a high-temperature fluid, that is, an expensive high-temperature heat source. This type of absorption refrigerator (the purpose is to provide an inexpensive low-temperature fluid type) that can exhibit the same refrigerating capacity as an absorption refrigerator.

The main idea will be explained below according to the drawings. In Figure 1,
1 is a high temperature generator that heats and separates the refrigerant from the dilute absorption liquid using a heater 2 such as a gas burner, and 3 further heats and separates the refrigerant from the intermediate liquid using the latent heat of the vaporized refrigerant generated in the high temperature generator 1. A low-temperature generator, 4 is a condenser that liquefies the gaseous soot flowing from these generators 1 and 3 in a cooler 5 and supplies it to an evaporator 6, and 7 is a condenser built in the evaporator 3 to handle the external cooling load. 8 is a cooler that cools the circulating cold water using the latent heat of vaporization of the cold butterfly; 9 is a cooler that cools the cold butterfly that has been vaporized in the evaporator 7 with the concentrated absorption liquid supplied from the generator 3; an absorber designed to maintain a cooling function; 10 a quencher for removing the reaction heat generated when absorbing a refrigerant in the absorption liquid 9 to prevent a decrease in absorption capacity; tamaru absorption,
This is an absorption liquid pump that returns to the generator 1 via heat exchangers 12 and 13, and these are connected to piping to form a cold soot circulation path (
Hereinafter referred to as the first cold soot circulation path) and the absorption liquid circulation path (hereinafter referred to as the first cold soot circulation path)
Hereinafter, a second absorption liquid circulation path) is formed to constitute a normal (dual effect) absorption refrigeration cycle.

Note that 14 indicates a water heater for supplying hot water. In contrast to a normal absorption refrigeration cycle configured with such a first cold soot circulation path and a first absorption liquid circulation path, in the present invention, the generator 1
. A second cold soot circulation path and a second absorption liquid circulation path are formed separately from the cold soot circulation path and the first absorption liquid circulation path, and the low pressure condenser 16 is connected to the condenser 4 of the absorption refrigeration cycle. There is also a built-in cooler 18 that uses cooling water that is kept at a lower temperature than the condenser 4 by, for example, guiding the cooling water that enters the absorber 9 in parallel.

In addition, the low pressure generator 16 is directly supplied with the diluted absorption liquid from the absorption liquid pump 11, and the temperature of the heater 19, which uses low-temperature fluid as the heat source, has reached a temperature sufficient to drive the generator. If detected by the detector 20, the controller 21 opens the valve 23 of the dilute absorption liquid line 22 to operate the low-pressure generator unit, while also responding to the operating status of the low-temperature heat source and the size of the chilled water load. Since the heating amount of the generator 1 is adjusted by the fuel control valve 24, it is possible to save energy from high-temperature heat sources such as fuel in accordance with the operating amount of the low-pressure generator unit. As described above, in the absorption refrigerator of the present invention, since cooling water having a lower temperature than the cooling water flowing to the condenser 4 is passed to the low-pressure condenser 16, the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure condenser 16 and this temperature are The low-pressure condenser 16 can have a function of keeping the saturated vapor pressure of the cold soot lower than that of the condenser 4, and this function allows the saturated vapor pressure and saturated temperature of the absorption liquid in the low-pressure generator 15 to be lower than that of the condenser 4. [Boiling point] can be lower than those in generators 1 and 3.

Then, waste heat and other heat used in the low-pressure generator 15 is recovered to a level lower than the heat source of the low-temperature generator 3, and the diluted absorbent liquid sent to the low-pressure generator 15 is converted into the absorbent liquid flowing out from the low-temperature generator 3. It can be concentrated to the same level as the concentration. In addition, in the absorption refrigerator of the present invention, compared to a conventional absorption refrigerator of this type in which cooling water of the same temperature level as the cooling water supplied to the condenser 4 is supplied to the low pressure condenser 16, waste Heat and other heat can be recovered to a low temperature level and used for concentrating the absorption liquid, so that more heat source energy on the generators 1 and 3 side can be saved.
Therefore, in the absorption refrigerator of the present invention, unlike conventional absorption refrigerators of this type, it is not necessary to set the concentration of the circulating absorption liquid low to lower its boiling point to the temperature level at which the low-temperature fluid can be used. Furthermore, there is no need to increase the size of the chest 17, which is the generation and condensation unit, in order to promote the generation of cold soot. In addition, FIG. 4 shows a comparison between a diagram A of a conventional absorption refrigerator using a low-temperature fluid as a heat source and a diagram B of an absorption refrigerator of the present invention, and a concentration-pressure diagram of a thiumpromide absorption liquid. In the absorption refrigerator of the present invention, the concentration of the absorption liquid in the first circulation path, in other words, the concentration of the absorption liquid in the first circulation path, in other words, the concentration of the absorption liquid in the first circulation path, in other words, the concentration of the absorption liquid in the first circulation path, in other words, The absorption liquid concentration in the second circulation path can be increased to the same level as the absorption liquid concentration in the absorption chiller using scarlet water, solar hot water, or other inexpensive low-temperature fluids, so it is possible to increase the absorption liquid concentration in the second circulation path to the same extent as the absorption liquid concentration in the absorption chiller. By simply installing a small generation condensation unit in a refrigerator, it is possible to achieve the same refrigeration capacity as a normal absorption chiller that operates with an expensive high-temperature heat source, while saving energy from an expensive high-temperature heat source or without using it. It can be demonstrated.

Moreover, the absorption refrigerator of the present invention is different from the conventional absorption refrigerator of this type in which the cooling water supplied to the condenser and the cooling water from the overflow bell are supplied to the low-pressure condenser, in other words, the absorption refrigerator which circulates the absorption Compared to conventional absorption chillers of this type, which require a low concentration setting, it is possible to utilize scarlet hot water, solar hot water, etc. to a low temperature level, which could not be operated with conventional absorption chillers of this type. It is possible to operate using a low-temperature level heat source, or it is capable of recovering even more heat from 9E hot water, solar hot water, and other low-temperature fluids, and this type of low-temperature fluid has a high heat recovery rate. It has high practical value as an absorption refrigerator. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a third heat exchanger 26 is provided in the pipe line 25 for the diluted absorption liquid supplied to the low-pressure generator 15, and compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. The flow of the concentrated absorption liquid supplied from the low pressure generator 15 to the absorption liquid becomes smooth.

Further, FIG. 3 shows the dilute absorption liquid pipe line 25 in the embodiment shown in FIG.
In addition, an absorption liquid pump 27 is added to promote liquid circulation to the low-pressure generator 15. In both cases, the shape of the generator, which uses low-temperature fluid as a heat source, is made smaller than before, as in Fig. 1. Moreover, it is possible to easily save energy from high-temperature heat sources.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing an embodiment of an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, Figs. 2 and 3 are main part configuration diagrams showing other embodiments, and Fig. 4 is an absorption refrigeration cycle diagram showing an absorption refrigeration cycle. It is a concentration pressure diagram of a liquid. 1, 3 - generator, 4 - condenser, 5 - cooler, 7 - evaporator, 9 - absorber, 12, 13 - heat exchanger, 15 - low pressure generator, 17 - low pressure condenser, 18 - cooling vessel, 26 ~ heat exchanger. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Generator using combustion gas or other high-temperature heating source;
A low-pressure generator using waste heat or other low-temperature heating source and the refrigerant vaporized by the generator are used in the refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path, which consists of a condenser, evaporator, absorber, and heat exchanger connected via piping. In an absorption refrigerator, a low-pressure condenser that condenses diluted absorbent liquid is connected in parallel with a low-pressure condenser to form a refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path separate from the above-mentioned refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path. The absorbent inlet of the low-pressure generator is placed on the absorbent outlet side of the absorber, and the absorbent outlet of the low-pressure generator is placed on the absorbent inlet side of the absorber so that the liquid is guided to the low-pressure generator, concentrated, and then returned to the absorber. , respectively, and the low-pressure condenser and evaporator are connected to each other so as to guide the refrigerant condensed in the low-pressure condenser to the evaporator, and the low-pressure condenser has a cooler inside the condenser. An absorption refrigerator characterized in that a condenser cooler and a separate cooler are built into a low-pressure condenser so as to circulate cooling water at a lower temperature than that of the cooling water.