WO2003016147A2 - Recipient auto-chauffant jetable - Google Patents

Recipient auto-chauffant jetable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003016147A2
WO2003016147A2 PCT/IL2002/000673 IL0200673W WO03016147A2 WO 2003016147 A2 WO2003016147 A2 WO 2003016147A2 IL 0200673 W IL0200673 W IL 0200673W WO 03016147 A2 WO03016147 A2 WO 03016147A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
heating unit
ignition
heating
solid substances
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2002/000673
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003016147A3 (fr
Inventor
Mordehay Tenenboum
Reuven Tal
Original Assignee
Convenience Heating Technologies, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Convenience Heating Technologies, Ltd. filed Critical Convenience Heating Technologies, Ltd.
Priority to AU2002330723A priority Critical patent/AU2002330723A1/en
Publication of WO2003016147A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003016147A2/fr
Priority to US10/487,033 priority patent/US20040206346A1/en
Publication of WO2003016147A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003016147A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within the package
    • B65D81/3484—Packages having self-contained heating means, e.g. heating generated by the reaction of two chemicals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F24V30/00—Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a disposable self-heating container assembly for use for heating the contents of a container.
  • the devices may be classified according to the mechanism used for heat generation into four groups.
  • a first group employs hydration processes, a second employs acid-base reactions.
  • a third employs spontaneous oxidation-reduction reactions in aqueous solutions, and a fourth employs kinetically non-spontaneous oxidation-reduction reactions between solid oxidant and a solid reductant.
  • Each group will now be addressed in turn.
  • the third approach uses oxidation-reduction reactions occurring in the aqueous phase.
  • Examples of this type include U.S. Patent No. 5,517,981 to
  • Oxidation reactions of this type are highly exothermic, providing greater heat per unit storage volume than hydration reactions.
  • the use of such reactions also presents certain problems. Firstly, the reactions tend to progress very rapidly, making it difficult to ensure efficient heat transfer to the liquid food. Furthermore, because of the need for the presence of some water, substantial energy is wasted in heating the water or boiling part of it. Finally, most reactions in this group produce significant quantities of dangerous gases such as hydrogen, and the waste solution may include hazardous substances, leading to numerous safety and environmental problems.
  • a fourth group of devices achieve significant advantages of efficiency, simplicity of structure and controllability by using solid phase self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reactions, which include oxidation-reduction processes in the solid-state (such as thermite reactions).
  • SHS high-temperature synthesis
  • These reactions are basically redox reactions between metals or semimetals and metal oxide, such as aluminum, silicon and ferric oxide.
  • these reactions are gas-less processes that involve harmless materials, and generate large amounts of heat per unit volume (or weight) of the reagents.
  • the temperature of SHS reactions is above 1000°C, which requires good heat transfer and a safe metallic inner container.
  • the rate of reaction may be controlled by appropriate choice of metals and metal oxides, grain size ofthe solids and path of reaction.
  • the components may be safely and conveniently mixed within a single chamber until activated by the user.
  • Self-heating devices based on various thermite reactions have been proposed. Examples include U.S. Patents Nos. 4,506,654 to Zellweger et al., 4,819,612 to Okamoto et al, 4,949,702 to Suzuki et al, 5,020,509 to Suzuki et al., and 5,220,908 Iizuna et al.
  • the fuel is a mixture of a metal or alloys, such as silicon or ferrosilicon and a metal oxide, such as ferric oxide or cupric oxide.
  • the present invention provides a disposable self-heating container assembly for use for heating the contents of a container, a heating unit for use in the assembly, a disposable self-heating container convenience package for storage, sales and end usage, and corresponding method for heating the contents of a container.
  • a disposable self-heating-container assembly for storing and heating a stored liquid
  • the container assembly comprising (a) container having a contained volume substantially enclosed by a plurality of walls including at least one side wall, a bottom and a cover, at least one of said walls providing a recessed cavity extending into said contained volume, at least one of said walls configured for structural interconnection with a heating unit support element; (b) a heating unit support element configured so as to support a heating unit at least partially inserted into said recessed cavity, and for structural interconnection with said container; (c) a disposable heating unit fixed to said base; and (d) a spout apparatus associated with a dispensing aperture, said spout apparatus including a pressure-released seal assembly, said spout apparatus being configured so as to inhibit direct oral consumption of the heated liquid contents of said container.
  • the recessed cavity is provided in the bottom.
  • the configuration for structural interconnection is provided in said at least one side wall proximal to and in association with said bottom.
  • the structural interconnection allows for relative displacement between said heating unit support element and said container.
  • the actuation is by relative displacement of said container and said heating unit support element.
  • the spout apparatus is deployed within dispensing aperture, the pressure-released seal configured to seal the container until a contained pressure with the container reaches a predefined level above atmospheric pressures.
  • the pressure- release seal opens at the predefined level of pressure, the heated liquid is thereby allowed to be dispensed from the container by way of the spout apparatus.
  • the spout is located in a recess between structural portions of the container which inhibit direct oral consumption of contents ofthe container.
  • structural dimensions of the spout apparatus inhibit direct oral consumption of contents ofthe container.
  • a cooling receptacle associated with the container.
  • a disposable heating unit for use with the disposable self-heating-container assembly of claim 1, the disposable heating unit comprising a housing including: a first combination of at least two solid substances which undergo an exothermic chemical reaction which is kinetically non-spontaneous at room temperature, the exothermic chemical reaction having a first activation energy; an ignition region containing at least a second combination of at least two solid substances which undergo an exothermic chemical reaction which is kinetically non-spontaneous at room temperature, the exothermic chemical reaction having a second activation energy; and an ignition mechanism including a primer and an ignition implement, the ignition implement deployed so as to ignite the primer when the ignition mechanism is actuated, the ignition of the primer initiating the exothermic chemical reaction of the second combination of solid substances thereby initiating the exothermic chemical reaction of the first combination of solid substances.
  • the first activation energy is higher than the second activation energy.
  • the first combination of at least two solid substances includes at least one substance selected from the group consisting of metals, semimetals, metal alloys and metal-semimetal alloys.
  • the first combination of at least two solid substances includes at least one metal oxide.
  • the second combination of solid substances includes at least one substance selected from the group consisting of metals, semimetals, metal alloys, and metal-semimetal alloys.
  • the second combination of at least two solid substances includes at least one metal oxide.
  • the first combination of solid substances is located within a first region, the ignition region being substantially circumscribed by the first region, the ignition mechanism being associated with the ignition region such that ignition of the primer occurs substantially within the ignition region.
  • the ignition mechanism is configured such that the actuation is by relative displacement between the ignition implement and the primer.
  • s disposable self-heating-container convenience package for storing, selling, heating, and serving a stored liquid, the convenience package comprising: a container having a contained volume substantially enclosed by a plurality of walls including at least one side wall, a bottom and a cover, at least one ofthe walls providing a recessed cavity extending into the contained volume; a heating unit disposed within the recessed cavity; and at least one serving receptacle associated with the container.
  • a heating unit support element configured so as to support the heating unit in alignment with the recessed cavity.
  • the heating unit is the heating unit referred to above.
  • a spout apparatus associated with the container, the spout apparatus including a pressure-released seal assembly, the spout apparatus being configured so as to inhibit direct oral consumption of contents ofthe container.
  • the serving receptacle is additionally configured for use as a cooling receptacle.
  • At least one serving receptacle is deployed so that together with the container cover there is provided a substantially enclosed storage volume for storage of food items.
  • a method for heating the contents of a container comprising: providing a housing in thermal communication with the contents of the container, the housing containing a mixture of at least two solid substances which undergo a main chemical reaction which is exothermic but is not kinetically spontaneous at room temperature; and activating the main chemical reaction by ignition of a primer which initiates an intermediate exothermic chemical reaction.
  • a safety device which prevents accidental activation and which can be removed prior to usage.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-section taken through a first embodiment of a disposable self-heating-container assembly, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, for storing and heating a stored liquid;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a preferred embodiment of an ignition mechanism, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a pressure-released seal and dispensing spout for use with various embodiments of the present invention, shown in its closed state;
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-section taken through a first embodiment of a disposable self-heating-container convenience package, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, for storing, selling and heating a stored liquid.
  • the present invention provides a disposable self-heating container assembly for use for heating the contents ofthe container, a heating unit for use in the container assembly, a disposable self-heating container convenience package for storage, sales and end usage, and corresponding methods for heating the contents of a container.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a disposable self-heating-container assembly, constructed and operative according to the teachings ofthe present invention, which employs a disposable heating unit for heating a stored liquid.
  • the assembly employs a disposable heating unit which has a housing 10 including a first region 12 containing a combination of at least two solid substances which undergo a primary reaction that is an exothermic chemical reaction which is kinetically non-spontaneous at room temperature requiring relatively high activation energy.
  • the housing further contains an ignition region 14, adjacent to first region 12, which contains a second combination of solid substances which undergo an exothermic chemical reaction defining at least one intermediate reaction.
  • This intermediate reaction is also kinetically non-spontaneous at room temperature but has a relatively low activation energy. This provides the relatively high activation energy for the primary reaction.
  • An ignition mechanism 16, containing a primer and an ignition pin, is configured for ignition ofthe primer substantially within the ignition region 14.
  • Pyrotechnic primers such as percussion primers and stab primers are devices well known to those skilled in the art of pyrotechnics.
  • the composition and structure of primers is taught in numerous patents, such as US Patents 5,466,315 and 5,717,159, The primer used here is a stab primer.
  • the ignition pin penetrates into the primer, the primary pyrotechnic material is ignited as a result ofthe heat generated by the friction ofthe penetration.
  • the ignition pin ignites the primer initiating an intermediate exothermic reaction of the substances in the ignition region 14.
  • the heat generated by this reaction is sufficient to provide the required activation energy to initiate the reaction of the solid substances in the first region 12.
  • This latter reaction then progresses, generating heat which is transferred through housing 10 to the contents of the container.
  • This method of using a chain of reactions to initiate a primary reaction is well known within the art of pyrotechnics.
  • the present invention is applicable to a very wide range of applications in which a liquid (used herein to refer also to a mixture of solids together with a liquid) needs to be warmed, heated, boiled or cooked in circumstances in which conventional heat sources are unavailable, unsafe or inconvenient.
  • the invention may be used for heating water which may be used for preparing drinks, instant soups and the like, or for a range of other uses such as personal hygiene.
  • beverages, soups or solids such as vegetables mixed in water or other liquids may be heated directly within the container. All such applications are referred to generically as "liquid food” applications.
  • Other possible non-food applications include, but are not limited to, heating of fumigants and various chemicals for any purpose required.
  • the heating element of the present invention may be produced in numerous forms suited to a wide range of different applications.
  • the heating unit is part of a disposable container which is used to store a liquid prior to use, and then to heat and dispense the liquid on demand. The entire assembly is then discarded.
  • the heating element may be a replaceable insert within a reusable container, forming what may be regarded as a kettle operated by single-use replaceable inserts.
  • the heating unit may be implemented as a free-standing heating element for immersion into a container in a manner similar to an electric immersion heater.
  • the primary reaction is a solid-solid exothermic reaction which is kinetically non-spontaneous at room temperature and pressure requiring relatively high activation energy while the intermediate reaction is a solid-solid exothermic reaction which is kinetically non- spontaneous at room temperature and pressure requiring relatively low activation energy, and the intermediate reaction being initiated by ignition of a primer.
  • the primary reaction is an oxidation reaction between a metal, semimetal, metal alloy, metal-semimetal alloy or mixtures thereof with one or more metal oxide.
  • silicon is combined with a metal, typically iron or aluminum, to achieve a slower rate of reaction than when using a metal alone.
  • a preferred rate of reaction has been observed when using a ratio, by weight, of silicon to aluminum of greater than 1:1, and preferably about 2:1.
  • a preferred example of the metal oxide is ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ).
  • a preferred example of the overall composition of the solid substances of the primary reaction is about 22% silicon, about 11% aluminum and about 67% ferric oxide, by weight.
  • the rate of reaction can be further adjusted by varying the mechanical properties of the mixture. Relevant parameters include the grain size of the particles, the degree of consolidation, and the path ofthe reaction as defined by the shape ofthe container.
  • this preferably employs a solid oxidant as the first reagent.
  • a solid oxidant include, but are not limited to, at least one of potassium permanganate, manganese oxide, potassium chlorate, barium peroxide and potassium nitrate.
  • the solid oxidant in the ignition region 14 is present together with a metal and/or semi-metal or alloy thereof.
  • a typical preferred example employs 22% aluminum, 5% silicon, and 73% KMnO 4 .
  • the ignition region 14 is preferably separate from the first region 12 which contains the mixture for the primary reaction, but can optionally be implemented overlapping or intermixed therewith. The physical properties ofthe solid within the ignition region 14 may be varied to affect the rate of reaction.
  • At least part of the ignition region 14 is disposed within a recess formed in first region 12 so that at least part of the ignition region 14 is substantially circumscribed by first region 12.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates what is believed to be a particularly advantageous configuration for the disposable self-heating-container assembly of the present invention.
  • a container 18 which has a contained volume 20 substantially enclosed by a plurality of walls including at least one side-wall 22, a bottom 24 and a cover 26. At least one of the walls, most preferably bottom 24, provides a recessed cavity 28 projecting into contained volume 20.
  • Housing 10 is disposed within recessed cavity 28 so as to be displaceable relative to container 18.
  • the ignition mechanism 16 is deployed between housing 10 and a surface of recessed cavity 28, the ignition pin actuation block 40 is supported by the ignition mechanism housing 42 which also contains the primer which is ignited by relative displacement between housing 10 and container 18.
  • displacement of housing 10 relative to container 18 serves as an actuation mechanism to cause ignition of the primer substantially within the ignition region 14 to initiate heating.
  • the displacement of the housing relative to the container is achieved by pressing the container 18 toward the base 110 thereby causing the ignition actuation block 40 to come into contact with the bottom 24 of the container.
  • the actuation block is then displaced into the ignition mechanism housing 42 thereby igniting the primer.
  • first region 12 closest to the outside of container 18 may be provided with a layer of material 34 which is stable at high temperatures and has a high heat-capacity, such as ceramics. This serves as a heat storage device, prolonging the period over which heat is given out by the heating unit.
  • material 34 provides an additional safety buffer zone between the intense heat of the reaction region and proximal surfaces external to the container.
  • the entire container 18 is preferably made from materials which can withstand high temperatures, typically steel or other metals approved for use with food, and is coated with an insulating material, typically plastic.
  • heating element may optionally be located in positions other than in bottom 24.
  • the recessed cavity may be formed in the cover.
  • This embodiment also illustrates certain additional safety features which, it should be appreciated, are equally applicable to any other embodiments of the invention described above.
  • various options may be used to prevent accidental actuation of heating unit 10 prior to use. In the example illustrated here, actuation of heating element 10 is achieved by relative displacement of container 18 and a base portion 110 which are temporarily locked against relative movement by a spring locking element 112 which engages a slot 114 in each and must be removed prior to initiation .
  • Additional or alternative structures which may be used to advantage to offer similar or complementary preventive properties include, but are not limited to, bayonet structures which must be rotated to allow relative vertical motion , and tear-off retaining elements such as a plastic retaining ring.
  • ignition mechanism 16 is shown clearly in Figure 2. Specifically, ignition pin actuation block 40 is supported by the ignition mechanism housing 42 so as to align the ignition pin 46 with the primer 44. As the base and container sections ofthe disposable self-heating-container assembly are pressed together, the ignition pin actuation block comes into contact with the bottom of the container. This, in turn, causes the ignition pin actuation block to move further into the ignition mechanism housing, causing the ignition pin to come into contact with the primer, thereby igniting the primer.
  • a spout apparatus 88 that also acts as a pressure-released seal, and includes a dispensing spout 104.
  • spout apparatus 88 is formed from a flexible hollow plug 90 which fits into an aperture 92.
  • Plug 90 has a radially projecting ridge 94 which is slightly oversized for aperture 92 but which can be inserted due to the flexibility ofthe plug material.
  • Plug 90 also features a cylindrical recess 96 that narrows to an opening 98 in the portion ofthe plug that is inserted through the aperture.
  • a lock element 100 is slidable within recess 96 of plug 90 between a i locked position, shown here, and a pressure-released dispensing position.
  • lock element 100 becomes locked by friction against side of the recess that is pressed between the lock element and the periphery of aperture 92 such that lock element 100 cannot be removed. This prevents premature emptying out of the contents of container 18, since lock element 100 blocks the dispensing passageway between holes 98 and 102.
  • the heating unit is actuated, the temperature of the contents of the container starts to rise. When the water content reaches a predefined temperature, typically about 95°C, sufficient steam pressure is generated to displace lock element 100 to its pressure-released dispensing position.
  • lock element 100 When lock element is displaced to its pressure-released dispensing position, the hot contents of the container may be dispensed through holes 98 and 102, and spout 104 respectively. As shown here, the spout 104 is positioned back from the edge of the container cover so as to inhibit oral consumption ofthe heated liquid directly from the container. It should be noted that lock element 100 may further be held in place by components such as shear-pins or having a small protrusion from lock element 100, which is releasable at a predetermined pressure, fit into a grove in plug 90.
  • this spout apparatus provides a highly advantageous combination of properties for applications in which a fluid to be heated is stored in container 18 prior to use, since the container cannot be emptied prior to or during operation ofthe heating unit. At the same time, since the seal is released automatically by pressure increase within the container, excessive pressure build up is avoided. In addition, in cases of extreme pressure build, possibly caused by the malfunction of the moving parts of the seal, the entire flexible plug would be ejected from the aperture thereby releasing the pressure. In such an event, the flexible plug would remain connected to the container by the safety retaining strap 106 which is fixed to the cover of the container. -—
  • the liquid food within the container is at boiling temperature, which is too hot to consume.
  • a major consideration in the design of the spout is to prevent the user from consuming the liquid food directly from the container.
  • the spout enables the user to conveniently pour the liquid food into the receptacle described in figure 4 below. During this process, the liquid food comes into contact with the ambient air and is thereby sufficiently for consumption. This is the same principle as pouring a liquid from a kettle into a cup.
  • FIG 4 shows additional features of the disposable self- heating-container convenience package for storing, selling and heating a stored liquid.
  • at least one serving receptacle may be secured over the cover ofthe container.
  • the attached serving receptacle serves two purposes. Firstly, it directly provides the needed serving receptacle to aid in the cooling process of the heated liquid as mentioned above Further, it provides a storage volume for supplemental food items such as cookies, crackers, or candies.
  • the serving receptacle may vary in size and shape depending on the size of the container and the serving requirements of the liquid inside. For soups, the container may have a larger circumference and the serving receptacle may be in the form of a bowl with a spoon and crackers inside.
  • the serving receptacle may be in the form of a cup with a cookie, and sugar and creamer packets inside.
  • the serving receptacle may be in the form of a cup with a cookie, and sugar and creamer packets inside.
  • multiple-serving sized containers there may be two or more serving receptacles, each containing a supplemental food item.
  • the embodiment shown here includes an elongated larger sized container 18, fitted with two cups 120.
  • the convenience package, as illustrated, could provide heated beverage, cups, cookies, sugar and creamer for two people.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble auto-chauffant jetable destiné à chauffer les contenus d'un récipient, cet ensemble comprenant un récipient préalablement rempli de liquide, un élément support d'unité chauffante et une unité chauffante jetable. Cette unité chauffante jetable comprend une première zone contenant une première combinaison d'au moins deux substances solides qui subissent une réaction chimique exothermique qui n'est pas spontanée à température ambiante et qui nécessite une énergie d'activation relativement haute. Contiguë à cette première zone, se trouve une zone d'allumage contenant une seconde combinaison d'au moins deux substances solides qui subissent une réaction chimique exothermique qui n'est pas spontanée à température ambiante et qui nécessite une énergie d'activation relativement faible. Une amorce est agencée pour l'allumage à étroite proximité de cette seconde combinaison de substances solides dans la zone d'allumage. Cette seconde combinaison de substances solides subit une réaction chimique exothermique lorsqu'elle est exposée à l'allumage de l'amorce, lançant ainsi la réaction chimique exothermique des substances solides.
PCT/IL2002/000673 2001-08-16 2002-08-15 Recipient auto-chauffant jetable WO2003016147A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002330723A AU2002330723A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2002-08-15 Disposable self-heating container
US10/487,033 US20040206346A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-02-17 Disposable self-heating container

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL14493901A IL144939A0 (en) 2001-08-16 2001-08-16 Disposable self-heating container
IL144939 2001-08-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003016147A2 true WO2003016147A2 (fr) 2003-02-27
WO2003016147A3 WO2003016147A3 (fr) 2004-03-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL2002/000673 WO2003016147A2 (fr) 2001-08-16 2002-08-15 Recipient auto-chauffant jetable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040206346A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002330723A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL144939A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003016147A2 (fr)

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CN110712868A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-21 武汉塞恩集日用品有限公司 一种温度可控的自加热包装盒

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US7722782B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2010-05-25 Rechargeable Battery Corporation Portable heating apparatus and metal fuel composite for use with same
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CN110712868A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-21 武汉塞恩集日用品有限公司 一种温度可控的自加热包装盒
CN110712868B (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-07-31 江苏百仕得科技有限公司 一种温度可控的自加热包装盒

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IL144939A0 (en) 2002-06-30
AU2002330723A1 (en) 2003-03-03

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