WO2002097251A1 - Portabler stromerzeuger mit verbrennungsmotoren für biogasverbrennung - Google Patents
Portabler stromerzeuger mit verbrennungsmotoren für biogasverbrennung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002097251A1 WO2002097251A1 PCT/DE2002/002006 DE0202006W WO02097251A1 WO 2002097251 A1 WO2002097251 A1 WO 2002097251A1 DE 0202006 W DE0202006 W DE 0202006W WO 02097251 A1 WO02097251 A1 WO 02097251A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- axes
- transfer device
- engine
- cylinders
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1815—Rotary generators structurally associated with reciprocating piston engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/007—Other engines having vertical crankshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/222—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders in star arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/1808—Number of cylinders two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
- F02B63/044—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators the engine-generator unit being placed on a frame or in an housing
- F02B63/048—Portable engine-generator combinations
Definitions
- Energy from biogas plants is one of the renewable (regenerative) energies, since when bacterial biomass is broken down, solar energy that has been temporarily stored in plants is finally released again in the form of the energy carrier biogas.
- the process is neutral with regard to the CO 2 balance of the earth's atmosphere, since in contrast to the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, petroleum), at most only the amount of carbon dioxide can be released that immediately before from plant photosynthesis from the Earth's atmosphere was removed (assimilated).
- Converters also offer options that have so far hardly been used in waste disposal.
- About 130 m 3 of biogas can be obtained from one ton of organic waste.
- Approximately 250 kWh of electrical power and 500 kWh of heat can be obtained from this.
- Any organic or biological substance (biomass or organic waste) that can be changed by microorganisms can be used to produce biogas. Due to the extreme variety of bacterial metabolic reactions, the spectrum of possible substrates is also extensive. However, some natural products can only be broken down slowly due to their special chemical structure, e.g. Lignin, the structural substance of wood. Most synthetic, organic polymers (plastics) can only be influenced slowly or not at all by bacteria.
- Biogas plants make use of this natural, biological process. Under controlled and optimized conditions, so-called biogas is created from organic waste materials through multi-stage microbial degradation reactions from biomass. Biogas consists of approximately 50 to 70% methane and approximately 30% to 50% carbon dioxide. Biological methane gas formation is a process that takes place in nature wherever organic material rots in a humid environment and in the absence of air due to the metabolic activity of natural methane bacteria. Examples include the formation of swamp gas, the formation of methane in the digestive tract of ruminants, in wet composting plants and in flooded rice fields.
- Biogas can be burned to generate heat or converted into heat and electrical energy by a gas engine with a heat exchanger and a connected generator (combined heat and power plant).
- Today's gas engines are often relative to that aggressive behavior of the biogas cannot cope.
- the essential components of the biogas attack walls from flow paths up to the combustion chamber and to outlet areas from the combustion chamber, which reduces the service life of these internal combustion engines when operated with biogas.
- more frequent maintenance requirements result from the higher susceptibility, so that the manageability of a combination of generator and engine operated by biogas would have to be improved.
- the invention sees its technical problem in terms of a problem to be solved.
- the generator can serve as a base, with easy access to the sensitive radial engine, which is not resistant to biological gases in the long term. All maintenance, assembly, cleaning and other
- Interventions on the motor including the replacement of electrical parts or seals, are thus simplified. There is easy access to the sensitive parts.
- the overall combination can be handled easily, that is to say can be easily implemented and is therefore portable.
- An easy installation and complete replacement of an engine is also possible in a simplified manner because the generator can remain unchanged as a base.
- Parts of an engine at risk are, in particular, cylinders, pistons, partition wall bearings, the ignition or any seals (piston rings).
- the conversion device as a combination of radial engine and generator is assembled via flange areas on the adjoining end faces and via a shaft coupling, which can be detachable (claim 4). Both solvabilities allow easy replacement of the engine, which has a reduced lifespan when using biogas. Generators are known to be long-lasting, and they require practically no maintenance access and generally do not consist of switching parts, such as valves or other elements which cause friction, between the stator laminated core and the rotating rotor Air gap is provided (claim 10). A synchronous machine with stationary excitation is mostly used, wherein the stationary excitation can be formed from permanent magnets or a direct current excitation of the rotor supplied via slip ring rotors. A reverse design of an AC rotor with three slip rings for three-phase current generation with an applied magnetic stator field is also possible.
- the generator is set up using a standing device (claim 2), which preferably consists of a plurality of circumferentially spaced feet which are axially or radially spaced (claims 2, 5). If the generator is at the bottom (with reference to the combination), the feet of the stand device can be fixed to it (claim 3).
- the motor is lifted directly into the normal assembly and working position of a user, so that not even a separate bracket or support for the motor is required in the case of assembly or maintenance purposes.
- the generator also serves as an assembly table.
- cooling devices can be provided (claim 6), which are, for example, radial fins.
- a terminal box leads the generated electrical current out of the generator.
- an axial distance can be provided between the end face of the generator and the individual cylinders (claim 6), which contributes to the description of the flange device that connects the central part of the radial engine to the generator.
- the design of the individual cylinders (claim 7) or the piston / cylinder combination of the radial engine can be provided in the manner of a boxer engine (claim 8), two cylinders with their aligned piston rods being oriented along a transverse axis. They work together on a crank loop part that as such only exerts axial movements and has a sliding block that works on the common shaft via a converter. Since the piston rods themselves do not perform any swiveling movement, they can be sealed with axial seals in such a way that the central space remains free of biogas in order not to burden the lubricant used therein.
- boxer engine cylinders can be axially spaced from one another, at the same time circumferentially offset from one another, in order to obtain better synchronization of the rotor of the generator for the generation of electric current (claim 9).
- Embodiments of the invention are intended to supplement and deepen their understanding.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a combination of generator and motor in the upright state, shown as a section.
- FIG. 2 is a top view obliquely from above of a further embodiment, in which a radial engine with four cylinders is flanged onto a generator in the manner of a boxer engine, the terminal box 5 of which is provided for supplying current.
- FIG. 1 illustrates in cross section a combination of an upright generator 1 at the bottom and an engine 10 at the top, which is provided with radially and laterally projecting cylinders.
- a system of axes is shown in FIG. 1, which define corresponding shaft orientations.
- the axis 100 of the motor 10 is thus aligned with the axis 101 of the generator.
- Both axes are connected to each other in a rotationally rigid manner via a separate coupling 20, so that the axis 100, 101 forms a continuous overall axis in which the corresponding shafts lie.
- Transverse axes 102 are provided transversely to the direction of these two axes, in which the piston rods are oriented, which are arranged on pistons of the cylinders 11, 12, 13, 14, but in such a way that two pistons of the cylinders 11, 13 each have a transverse axis 102 and a transverse axis 102 ′ which is rotated circumferentially in comparison thereto is defined by two further piston rods of the cylinders 12, 14.
- crank loops are arranged for two cylinders 11, 13 and 12, 14 arranged in the manner of a boxer engine, which guide a sliding block which is coupled to the central axis 100, 101 via a flywheel in such a way that a uniform movement in the Operation and with electrical ignition of the cylinders is possible.
- crank loops 12a and 11a are shown schematically.
- the motor On the lower side of the central part 15, the motor is connected to the upper side as the end face of the generator by flange devices (not shown in more detail).
- FIG. 2 shows the section of FIG. 1 in a perspective, partially open representation.
- the motor is shown schematically here with the crank loops, the two crank loops 11a, 12a being axially spaced q1.
- the respective opposing cylinders 11, 13 in one transverse axis 102 and the other Cylinders 12, 14 with the other transverse axis are therefore axially offset from one another by a spacer which corresponds to q1, also with respect to the transverse axis 102.
- A1 defines a distance, with respect to the underside of the cylinder heads, that is a minimum distance from the end face of the generator to have.
- the shaft of the generator which is arranged in the axis 101, is supported both radially and axially via two shaft bearings 21, 22.
- a rotor 6 is mounted on this shaft in a rotationally rigid manner. It can be designed as a laminated core with a DC winding.
- An air gap 8 is provided between the rotor and a stator 7 surrounding it, through which the magnetic field is coupled from the stator to the rotor or vice versa.
- the windings in the stator or in the rotor generate a single-phase or a multi-phase, in particular a three-phase current, which can be removed from a corresponding number of connection terminals in the terminal box 5.
- the generator 1 has fins 9 designed as heat sinks, which also offer additional stiffening in the axial direction.
- the generator is aligned to stand on feet 2,3,4, which are offset circumferentially at an angle of 120 °, the feet being arranged in the lower third of the generator length. They protrude both axially and circumferentially from the main housing of the stator, which ends at the outer dimensions of the fins 9.
- the motor can be easily serviced while the generator supports it and positions it at the installation height.
- the generator is robust and practically without external parts that require maintenance, so that it can serve as a base in a stable manner.
- the vertical alignment should be an essentially vertical alignment, which is not necessarily exactly 90 ° with respect to the plane, that is to say the plane that hypothetically connects the lower ends of the feet 2, 3, 4 and can be defined as a flat standing surface.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is so matched in terms of its inlets and outlets that it can be operated with "biogas” (biologically produced gas or “natural gas”, natural gas) which is produced in a manner not described here can be, as explained in the introduction to the description.
- biogas biologically produced gas or "natural gas", natural gas
- the biogas is chemically aggressive and corrosive, so that the cylinders of the motors are designed to have a longer service life.
- motors in the power range between 10 kW and 40 kW for local operation at decentralized locations. These decentralized locations are those locations where biomass actually occurs and can also be further fermented to biogas or processed biodegraded.
- the self-sufficient units consisting of motor and generator should or must therefore be very insensitive to faults or at least be easy to maintain in order to avoid power generation failures.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02742786A EP1404954A1 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-05-31 | Portabler stromerzeuger mit verbrennungsmotoren für biogasverbrennung |
DE10292342T DE10292342D2 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-05-31 | Portabler Stromerzeuger mit Verbrennungsmotoren für Biogasverbrennung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001126381 DE10126381A1 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2001-05-30 | Einsatz von Verbrennungsmotoren für Biogasverbrennung |
DE10126381.3 | 2001-05-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002097251A1 true WO2002097251A1 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
Family
ID=7686669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2002/002006 WO2002097251A1 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-05-31 | Portabler stromerzeuger mit verbrennungsmotoren für biogasverbrennung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1404954A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10126381A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002097251A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010077789A2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-07-08 | Clear Energy Systems, Inc. | Portable energy generation systems |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2357942A (en) * | 1940-02-10 | 1944-09-12 | Farr Ama Gray | Outboard motor |
US2543541A (en) * | 1947-06-13 | 1951-02-27 | New Britain Machine Co | Radial engine with generator |
US4226214A (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1980-10-07 | Fiat Auto S.P.A. | Apparatus for the combined production of electrical energy and heat |
EP0187930A2 (de) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-23 | Ficht GmbH | Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftkolbenmaschine |
WO1991000639A1 (de) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-01-10 | Ficht Gmbh | Stromaggregat |
-
2001
- 2001-05-30 DE DE2001126381 patent/DE10126381A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-31 WO PCT/DE2002/002006 patent/WO2002097251A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-31 EP EP02742786A patent/EP1404954A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-31 DE DE10292342T patent/DE10292342D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2357942A (en) * | 1940-02-10 | 1944-09-12 | Farr Ama Gray | Outboard motor |
US2543541A (en) * | 1947-06-13 | 1951-02-27 | New Britain Machine Co | Radial engine with generator |
US4226214A (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1980-10-07 | Fiat Auto S.P.A. | Apparatus for the combined production of electrical energy and heat |
EP0187930A2 (de) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-23 | Ficht GmbH | Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftkolbenmaschine |
WO1991000639A1 (de) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-01-10 | Ficht Gmbh | Stromaggregat |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8567354B2 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2013-10-29 | Clear Energy Systems, Inc. | Portable energy generation systems |
WO2010077789A2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-07-08 | Clear Energy Systems, Inc. | Portable energy generation systems |
WO2010077789A3 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-09-16 | Clear Energy Systems, Inc. | Portable energy generation systems |
AU2009333382B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2016-01-28 | Arizona Commerce Authority | Portable energy generation systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10292342D2 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
DE10126381A1 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
EP1404954A1 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
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