WO2002092871A2 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur beschichtung und/oder oberflächenbehandlung von substraten mittels niederdruck-plasma - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur beschichtung und/oder oberflächenbehandlung von substraten mittels niederdruck-plasma Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002092871A2 WO2002092871A2 PCT/EP2002/002397 EP0202397W WO02092871A2 WO 2002092871 A2 WO2002092871 A2 WO 2002092871A2 EP 0202397 W EP0202397 W EP 0202397W WO 02092871 A2 WO02092871 A2 WO 02092871A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- substrate
- auxiliary electrode
- interior
- plasma
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32532—Electrodes
- H01J37/32587—Triode systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for coating and / or surface treatment by means of low-pressure plasma.
- precursors By activating gaseous starting materials (precursors) in a low-pressure glow discharge, thin layers with technically valuable properties can be produced.
- hydrocarbons with a low molecular weight are used as precursors as well as organosilicon compounds such as silane or organometallic compounds. Accordingly, the layers produced contain carbon, hydrogen, silicon or certain metals as well as nitrogen or oxygen.
- DLC diamond-like carbon, synonym aC: H.
- a disadvantage of all of these processes is that the achievable layer deposition rate (rate) is too low for many applications.
- rate When depositing the very dense and hard DLC layers, it is usually not more than 2 to 5 ⁇ m / h. Due to the high cost of vacuum coating systems, the coating costs are high and the economic uses of these layers are severely limited.
- the device consists of a vessel that in its interior it acts completely as the cathode of a glow discharge, in particular a hollow cathode glow discharge, and into which the objects to be treated are introduced.
- a plasma treatment or a plasma coating (CVD process) can be carried out at a higher rate than with the other methods, since the hollow cathode glow discharge can be operated at a higher pressure in a stable and uniformly distributed manner than a conventional glow discharge.
- this device has two major disadvantages.
- This device can therefore only be used to coat very small components at a high rate.
- Plasma source for CVD processes in addition to the desired coating of the components, also coated the cathode, which after some time leads to changes in the discharge and thus to a change in the coating process and the layer properties.
- the layer deposited on the cathode surface when it has reached a certain thickness, will detach itself in small parts (tinsel), which are partly deposited on the substrate surface and can thus impair the layer properties.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art described and to provide a device and a method for coating substrates by means of low-pressure plasma with a high layer deposition rate.
- the device for coating and / or surface treatment of substrates has at least one cathode and at least one anode for generating a glow discharge, and an interior in which at least one substrate is arranged.
- at least one auxiliary electrode provided with openings is arranged between the substrate and the cathode and at a distance from them.
- An external space is formed between the auxiliary electrode and the cathode by means of this auxiliary electrode.
- the design of the auxiliary electrode can be in the form of a woven wire mesh, a perforated plate with round or square holes, or an arrangement of rods with a round or square cross section in a flat or curved shape.
- all other known forms of openings are also possible.
- the interior preferably has at least one feed line for a reactive gas and / or an inert gas. If only one inert gas is supplied, a surface treatment of the substrate in the interior can be achieved. consequences. On the other hand, if a reactive gas is introduced into the interior, the substrate located in the interior can be coated.
- the interior has at least one anode. It is also possible that the anode is arranged outside the interior and is in contact with the interior via the gas atmosphere.
- the device can have at least one electrically insulated holder for at least one substrate in the interior.
- the auxiliary electrode is preferably arranged at a uniform distance from the cathode over the entire surface. This is preferably between 1 and 5 cm. Likewise, it is also possible for at least one additional auxiliary electrode to be arranged in the outer space, as a result of which further outer spaces can be formed.
- the outside space has at least one supply line for an inert and / or reactive gas.
- the exterior can also have at least one anode.
- the design of the cathode can take the form of a flat or curved plate, which can also be structured, but also as parallel rods and / or as a network. It is further preferred if the cathode is provided with a dielectric layer on the side facing the auxiliary electrode.
- the cathode preferably has a cooling device, eg in the form of water cooling.
- the purpose of this is to prevent the device from overheating due to the high plasma temperatures.
- the device can also be surrounded by a housing which surrounds the cathode on the side facing away from the outside.
- This housing can, for example, be made of sheet metal.
- it has a cathode which is designed as a closed structure in the form of a cuboid or a cylinder.
- This cathode can have at least one closable opening through which at least one substrate can be introduced and removed.
- the cathode can each have at least one closable opening for the gas feed line and the gas extraction. Another closable opening of the cathode can be used for the introduction and removal of at least one energy source.
- the device can also be constructed as an open system, using two large cathodes arranged in parallel and the interior in front! is freely accessible in the other spatial directions.
- the cathode can also be designed as a jacket surface of a cylinder with open end faces.
- a method for surface treatment and / or coating of substrates by means of plasma generation is provided in a single device.
- the production of high-quality layers such as DLC requires intensive ion bombardment during the layer deposition.
- the decisive parameter for high-rate processes is usually not the energy of the impinging ions, but their frequency (current density).
- the ion current density can be increased by increasing the electrical substrate bias (bias).
- bias electrical substrate bias
- the device is therefore divided into an interior and an exterior by an auxiliary electrode which is arranged between the substrate and the cathode and is spaced apart from one another and provided with openings, in which a plasma is generated in each case by means of glow discharge, the two plasmas being connected to one another via the auxiliary electrode Interact.
- the two plasmas are coupled in such a way that the inner plasma is supplied with additional charge carriers by the outer plasma, whereby the plasma density of the inner plasma is increased. This means that a higher layer deposition rate can be achieved in the interior.
- Hollow cathode effect can be optimally set regardless of the pressure and other parameters, since the distance between the mesh and the cathode box can be freely selected.
- the device according to the invention thus allows a large one, regardless of the substrate bias
- the method is preferably carried out at a working pressure in the device between 0.01 and 10 mbar, preferably between 0.1 and 1 mbar.
- the glow discharges preferably take place via anodes, one on the cathode and the auxiliary electrode
- DC voltage, a pulsed DC voltage, an AC voltage, a high-frequency voltage or a microwave between 100 and 1000 V is applied to the anodes.
- a negative bias voltage in the form of a DC voltage, pulsed DC voltage, AC voltage, high-frequency voltage or microwave in the range between -400 V and -5 V to the substrate.
- the plasmas are preferably additionally supported by microwave feeding, Tesla coils or other magnetic fields.
- the same electrical potential is applied to the cathode and to the auxiliary electrode.
- substrates are surface-treated by introducing an inert gas into the interior and exterior.
- An inert gas is preferably used as the inert gas.
- cleaning or activation of the substrate can be used as a surface treatment.
- a reactive gas is introduced into the interior, which is preferably selected from the group of hydrocarbons, for example methane, ethyne, the silanes, for example tetramethylsilane, hexamethyldisilane, or the organometallic Compounds, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.
- a reactive gas can be introduced into the exterior.
- the disruptive coating on the inside of the cathode can be effectively reduced or completely suppressed, since the auxiliary electrode is used for gas separation.
- the progressive coating of the auxiliary electrode can be reduced or eliminated by adjusting the gas flow and the discharge conditions so that the non-layer-forming inert gas flowing through the perforated auxiliary electrode displaces the layer-forming reactive gas from the surroundings of the auxiliary electrode, furthermore by the fact that the increased temperature of the auxiliary electrode prevents the condensation of layer-forming particles, or that particles condensed by ion bombardment of the auxiliary electrode desorb or dust again after a short time.
- the substrate is introduced into the interior before the glow discharge is ignited and the device is subsequently evacuated.
- the device according to the invention is used above all for the surface treatment of substrates, for example for cleaning, activation or conversion of substrates.
- the device can also be used to produce wear protection, corrosion protection layers, optical or electrical functional layers, barrier layers and / or non-stick layers.
- the coating of substrates with plasma polymer layers, amorphous or crystalline carbon layers, silicon and / or metal-containing layers is particularly preferred.
- Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention in the closed form.
- the counter electrode (1) has the form of a largely closed metallic cylinder and is cooled from the outside by water cooling (2).
- the inner diameter of the cylinder is about 30 cm, its length is about 50 cm.
- this cylinder there is another cylinder, consisting of a metal mesh with a mesh size of about 5 mm, the mesh electrode (3).
- the distance between the two cylinders is about 3 cm at all points.
- Both cylinders are electrically connected to each other.
- In the wall of the outer cylinder there are several openings for inert gases (4,5,6,7), evenly distributed, through which argon can be let in.
- the cover and the bottom of both cylinders have an outflow opening with a diameter of about 3 cm at one point on .
- the covers of both cylinders are firmly mounted, the bottoms can be easily removed as a unit in order to insert or remove the component.
- Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention in the open form.
- the counter electrode (1.1 ) has the shape of two flat, parallel metallic plates approximately 30 cm wide and approximately 80 cm long. The distance between the plates is approximately 12 cm at all points. There are two between the two plates flat metallic networks as network electrodes (3.3 ”) with a mesh size of about 3 mm arranged parallel to the plates. The distance between the two nets is about 8 cm, the distance between the nets and the plates is about 2 cm each.
- the inside of the plates is cooled with water cooling (2.2 ").
- the gaps between the plates and nets are closed on the outside by means of shielding plates (13.13") so that no gases or charge carriers can be exchanged with the outside.
- Both plates (1.1 ”) and both network electrodes (3.3”) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, but the network electrodes are electrically insulated from the plates.
- the shorter side of the plates is arranged upright.
- An electrically insulated substrate holder (11) is arranged below the space between the two plates and can hold a number of small substrates (12) in a linear arrangement over a length of 70 cm.
- a rotational movement around a central vertical axis is provided for each substrate.
- Gas lances (4, 4 ", 5, 5") into which argon can be admitted, are arranged in the two spaces between the network electrodes (3.3 ”) and plates (1.1"). There are four gas lances in the space between the two networks
- a rod-shaped anode is located in the outer space above the intermediate space formed by the nets
- TMS tetramethylsilane
- TMS tetramethylsilane
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02737877A EP1388161A2 (de) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-03-05 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur beschichtung und/oder oberflächenbehandlung von substraten mittels niederdruck-plasma |
AU2002312757A AU2002312757A1 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-03-05 | Device and method for coating and/or treating the surfaces of substrates using low-pressure plasma |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001123583 DE10123583B4 (de) | 2001-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beschichtung und/oder Oberflächenbehandlung von Substraten mittels Niederdruck-Plasma sowie Verwendung der Vorrichtung |
DE10123583.6 | 2001-05-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002092871A2 true WO2002092871A2 (de) | 2002-11-21 |
WO2002092871A3 WO2002092871A3 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
Family
ID=7684851
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2002/002397 WO2002092871A2 (de) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-03-05 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur beschichtung und/oder oberflächenbehandlung von substraten mittels niederdruck-plasma |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1388161A2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002312757A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10123583B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002092871A2 (de) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0418438A1 (de) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-03-27 | The University Of Toronto Innovations Foundation | Verfahren und Gerät zum Plasmaätzen, Reinigen von Substraten oder zum Bekleiden mit Stoffen mittels Gleichstrom-Glimmentladung |
WO2000008227A1 (de) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur plasmabehandlung von gegenständen im vakuum |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01147068A (ja) * | 1987-12-01 | 1989-06-08 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | 硬質炭素膜の製造方法およびその製造装置 |
JPH02308829A (ja) * | 1989-05-23 | 1990-12-21 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | ゴム材料の表面処理方法および装置 |
US5409587A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1995-04-25 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Sputtering with collinator cleaning within the sputtering chamber |
DE19625977A1 (de) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-02 | Joerg Dipl Chem Arndt | Verfahren zur plasmainitiierten Hochratenabscheidung dünner, elektrisch schlecht- bis nichtleitender Schichten aus der Gasphase |
KR100206938B1 (ko) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-07-01 | 구본준 | 반도체 제조장치 및 이를 이용한 반도체 소자의 배선 형성방법 |
-
2001
- 2001-05-15 DE DE2001123583 patent/DE10123583B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-03-05 WO PCT/EP2002/002397 patent/WO2002092871A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-03-05 EP EP02737877A patent/EP1388161A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-03-05 AU AU2002312757A patent/AU2002312757A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0418438A1 (de) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-03-27 | The University Of Toronto Innovations Foundation | Verfahren und Gerät zum Plasmaätzen, Reinigen von Substraten oder zum Bekleiden mit Stoffen mittels Gleichstrom-Glimmentladung |
WO2000008227A1 (de) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur plasmabehandlung von gegenständen im vakuum |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 408 (C-634), 8. September 1989 (1989-09-08) & JP 01 147068 A (IDEMITSU PETROCHEM CO LTD), 8. Juni 1989 (1989-06-08) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 096 (C-0812), 7. März 1991 (1991-03-07) & JP 02 308829 A (TOKYO GAS CO LTD), 21. Dezember 1990 (1990-12-21) * |
See also references of EP1388161A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2002312757A1 (en) | 2002-11-25 |
DE10123583B4 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
WO2002092871A3 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
DE10123583A1 (de) | 2002-11-28 |
EP1388161A2 (de) | 2004-02-11 |
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