WO2002083830A1 - Schaum, verfahren zur herstellung von schaum und verwendung von schaum - Google Patents
Schaum, verfahren zur herstellung von schaum und verwendung von schaum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002083830A1 WO2002083830A1 PCT/DE2001/000914 DE0100914W WO02083830A1 WO 2002083830 A1 WO2002083830 A1 WO 2002083830A1 DE 0100914 W DE0100914 W DE 0100914W WO 02083830 A1 WO02083830 A1 WO 02083830A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- foams
- substance
- photocatalytic
- light
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000289 photo-effect Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007539 photo-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004060 quinone imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
- A62D3/17—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. emitted by a laser
- A62D3/176—Ultraviolet radiations, i.e. radiation having a wavelength of about 3nm to 400nm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0011—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0082—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using chemical substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/23—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets
- A61L2/235—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets cellular, porous or foamed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0063—Photo- activating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/20—Water-insoluble oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/40—Specific cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/42—Application of foam or a temporary coating on the surface to be cleaned
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- Foam process for producing foam and use of foam
- the invention relates to a foam.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing foam, the foam being produced from a solution.
- the invention further relates to the use of the foam.
- the foams are, in particular, colloidal chemical systems such as those e.g. in Römpp. Chemielexikon "; 9th edition, Thieme, Stuttgart 1979, p. 4014.
- Such catalysts and reagents are, for example, in the book Römpp. Chemielexikon "; 9th ed., Thieme, Stuttgart 1979, pp. 3399-3403. Also known is the use of semiconductor particles, especially titanium dioxide, to carry out such reactions (H. Fujishima et al .: TiO 2 photocatalysis” , BkC, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 1999).
- Foam-forming substances are used for cleaning and disinfection processes.
- Photoelectrochemical cells in which semiconductor electrodes are used are known. These can be crystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous.
- the invention has for its object to provide a foam that has an increased cleaning and / or disinfecting effect.
- this object is achieved in that a generic method is carried out in such a way that at least one photoreactive substance is enclosed in the foam.
- the invention further relates to a foam produced using the method and its use.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out without using aerogels or photocatalysts.
- conventional foams are used in the broadest sense.
- Photoactive substances preferably photocatalysts, are dissolved, suspended or enclosed in the gas phase in the foam.
- Foams are made from solutions or suspensions of photocatalysts and exposed to light sources and / or the sun. Direct comparisons have shown that the reaction rates using foams can be many times higher than when using solutions and suspensions. For example, for the degradation of a typical model substance like In direct comparison, dichloroacetic acid achieved an increase in the degradation rate by a factor of three.
- the foams according to the invention are also particularly well suited for use in the synthesis of chemical compounds. So it is known that e.g. chemical compounds can be produced on ZnS, TiO and CdS powders which are not otherwise accessible or are difficult to access (cf. H. Kisch and M. Hopfner ,: “Novel Organic Synthesis through Semiconductor Photocatalysis” in V. Balzani et al. : “Electron Transfer in Chemistry”; Vol. IV, Wiley, 2000). Corresponding experiments for the synthesis of 2,3, butanediol from ethanol, which is known from solutions (cf. B. Müller, S. Majoni, R. Memrning, D. Meissner: "Particle Size and Surface Chemistry in Photoelectrochemical Reactions at Semiconductor Particles” J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) 2501-2507) also runs significantly faster on foams according to the invention.
- Foams have a great advantage, especially for the decomposition or build-up of organic substances when using organic detergents and TiO 2 , because in the double layers of the detergents in the bladder walls the hydrophobic organic compounds are adsorbed on and the photocatalyst is also greatly enriched, but this At the same time, however, due to the structure that contains a lot of gases, light will still be very easy to reach.
- a particularly advantageous application of photocatalytically active foams is to use non-toxic or less toxic photocatalysts and to use the corresponding foams to detoxify areas which are directly illuminated by the sun.
- Field trials with TiO foams in which a cubic meter of foam has been made from a liter of TiO 2 suspension, but also foams that contain dissolved Fenton reagent (Fe 2 + + HO 2 ) or only ozone (O 3 ) proved to be excellent for surface decontamination.
- Improved fire-extinguishing foams are also suitable for this by adding a photocatalyst.
- foams are also very suitable for the deposition of photocatalytically active films on large surfaces, especially if they are sensitive to water, since the liquid content of the foam can be very low.
- the foam factor that is the ratio of foam to solution volume, is between 100 and 10,000 for foams produced to date, but larger and smaller foam factors can also be achieved.
- Also in accordance with the invention is the addition of photocatalysts to foam-forming systems such as sewage treatment plants with the purpose of using them in the foam that forms due to the action of sunlight to catalyze light-induced processes such as the degradation of pollutants, the killing of pathogens or the synthesis of chemical compounds ,
- FIG. 1 shows a laboratory system for producing foams according to the invention and their use in a laboratory reactor
- FIG. 2 shows a course of the concentration of various model impurities during exposure
- FIG. 3 shows a course of the concentration of sulfate when SO 2 is irradiated in the foam
- FIG. 4 a photoelectrochemical current / voltage curve of a foam
- the laboratory system shown in Fig. 1 contains a compressor 1 for generating a gas stream, a foam generator 2, consisting of a vessel half-filled with a solution, into which the gas used for generating the foam can be introduced from below via a sieve.
- a foam is generated which fills the upper half of the vessel in the drawing and leaves the foam generator via a tube.
- a solution 3 which contains foaming agents and / or additional photocatalyst, a light-transparent tube 4, in particular a I quartz tube.
- the desired photo reactions such as
- Fig. 2 shows the course of the concentration of different model
- FIG. 3 shows the course of the sulfate concentration in an experiment in which
- TiO 2 is oxidized to sulfate. You can see the very fast turnover of
- Fig. 4 shows one common in photoelectrochemical experiments
- 34 pollutants including the model pathogen Escherichia Coli, one Bacteria, from an initial concentration to an effective concentration in the foam, the enrichment ratio and the degree of degradation after only 7 minutes of exposure (typical degradation times in solution to achieve the same degree of degradation are around one hour).
- Another example is the time course of the concentration of thionine, a dye from the quinone imine class, starting from an initial concentration of only 0.14 millimoles per liter in the solution, with the same foaming agent and photocatalyst concentration as in the previous example.
- the dye is enriched by about 30% during foaming.
- Irradiation time in minutes / degree of degradation in percent 0/0, 4/49, 7/79, 10/84, 15/87.
- a particularly advantageous application of the foam is the possibility of using it in combination with an electrochemical system.
- the invention further provides for using semiconducting foams according to the invention as photoelectrodes and in photoelectrochemical cells.
- FIG. 3 shows a standard in photoelectrochemical experiments
- titanium dioxide particles composition and concentrations such as
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10196338T DE10196338D2 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Schaum, Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaum und Verwendung von Schaum |
PCT/DE2001/000914 WO2002083830A1 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Schaum, verfahren zur herstellung von schaum und verwendung von schaum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/000914 WO2002083830A1 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Schaum, verfahren zur herstellung von schaum und verwendung von schaum |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002083830A1 true WO2002083830A1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/DE2001/000914 WO2002083830A1 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Schaum, verfahren zur herstellung von schaum und verwendung von schaum |
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DE (1) | DE10196338D2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002083830A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008003632A1 (de) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Desinfizierendes hautbehandlungsmittel |
CN108721655A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-02 | 马学林 | 一种灭火消毒剂的制备方法 |
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GB485194A (en) * | 1936-10-15 | 1938-05-16 | Wallace Patten Cohoe | Process for producing foams from compounds of cellulose |
US4385102A (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1983-05-24 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Large-area photovoltaic cell |
EP0216558A2 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-04-01 | Chesebrough-Pond's Inc. | Antimikrobielle Systeme mit Gehalt an einem Magnesiumsulfataddukt von 2,2'-Dithiobis-pyridine-1,1'-dioxid und an einem wasserlöslichen Zinksalz |
US4863608A (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1989-09-05 | Nomura Micro Science Co., Ltd. | Photocatalytic treatment of water for the preparation of ultra pure water |
WO1997023594A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing compositions |
DE19643103C1 (de) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-02 | Josef Gros | Biologischer Universalreiniger für den Haushalt und gewerbliche Zwecke |
EP0882674A2 (de) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-09 | ENITECNOLOGIE S.p.a. | Photokatalytisches Verfahren zur Reinigung von mit Tetrahydrothiopen verunreinigtem Wasser |
US6019176A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 2000-02-01 | Fire-Trol Holdings, L.L.C. | Fire suppressants and methods of manufacture and use thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-04-12 WO PCT/DE2001/000914 patent/WO2002083830A1/de active Application Filing
- 2001-04-12 DE DE10196338T patent/DE10196338D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB485194A (en) * | 1936-10-15 | 1938-05-16 | Wallace Patten Cohoe | Process for producing foams from compounds of cellulose |
US4385102A (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1983-05-24 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Large-area photovoltaic cell |
EP0216558A2 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-04-01 | Chesebrough-Pond's Inc. | Antimikrobielle Systeme mit Gehalt an einem Magnesiumsulfataddukt von 2,2'-Dithiobis-pyridine-1,1'-dioxid und an einem wasserlöslichen Zinksalz |
US4863608A (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1989-09-05 | Nomura Micro Science Co., Ltd. | Photocatalytic treatment of water for the preparation of ultra pure water |
WO1997023594A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing compositions |
DE19643103C1 (de) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-02 | Josef Gros | Biologischer Universalreiniger für den Haushalt und gewerbliche Zwecke |
US6019176A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 2000-02-01 | Fire-Trol Holdings, L.L.C. | Fire suppressants and methods of manufacture and use thereof |
EP0882674A2 (de) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-09 | ENITECNOLOGIE S.p.a. | Photokatalytisches Verfahren zur Reinigung von mit Tetrahydrothiopen verunreinigtem Wasser |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008003632A1 (de) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Desinfizierendes hautbehandlungsmittel |
CN108721655A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-02 | 马学林 | 一种灭火消毒剂的制备方法 |
Also Published As
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DE10196338D2 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
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