WO2002045224A2 - KOMPAKTANORDNUNG FÜR MEHRPOLIGE STOssSTROMFESTE ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER SOWIE GEKAPSELTER ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER HIERFÜR - Google Patents
KOMPAKTANORDNUNG FÜR MEHRPOLIGE STOssSTROMFESTE ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER SOWIE GEKAPSELTER ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER HIERFÜR Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002045224A2 WO2002045224A2 PCT/EP2001/013775 EP0113775W WO0245224A2 WO 2002045224 A2 WO2002045224 A2 WO 2002045224A2 EP 0113775 W EP0113775 W EP 0113775W WO 0245224 A2 WO0245224 A2 WO 0245224A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compact arrangement
- surge arrester
- housing
- encapsulated
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/06—Mounting arrangements for a plurality of overvoltage arresters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a compact arrangement for multi-pole surge current-resistant surge arresters with internally wired, encapsulated spark gaps arranged essentially parallel in a housing, the spark gaps having opposite, protruding contact surfaces which are connected to external connection terminals and internal contact rails or bridges, and with an electronic control or trigger circuit located on a wiring carrier, according to the preamble of patent claim 1, and an encapsulated surge arrester, in particular for use in such a compact arrangement according to the preamble of patent claim 19.
- Multi-pole surge arresters which are surge-proof up to 100 kA and which contain several encapsulated spark gaps in one housing, but not in a 3 + 1 circuit.
- the trigger circuit or a control circuit is to be integrated in the housing, the electrical connection points having to be designed with a view to the assembly and production expenditure.
- N-PE spark gaps are used to protect against overvoltages between the N and PE conductors. These spark gaps must have a very high surge current discharge capability up to 100 kA 10 / 350 ⁇ s, especially for protection against direct lightning strikes.
- Encapsulated spark gaps with such a power are known for example from DE 196 04 947 Cl, DE 198 18 674 AI or DE 298 10 937 Ul. These spark gaps have a protection level of> 2.5kV.
- spark gaps with lower protection levels are required in certain applications.
- the use of trigger circuits is expedient to meet these requirements.
- Powerful N-PE spark gaps, which also have an additional effective trigger electrode with consistently high performance, are not yet available.
- the high current load, the associated high material burn-up, the high dynamic loads caused by current forces, pressure, energy and temperature place considerable structural demands on encapsulated arresters.
- Encapsulated spark gaps with a coaxial electrode arrangement are previously known from US Pat. No. 3,849,704, but also from DE 198 17 063 AI.
- the electrode spacing increases with increasing distance from the rollover point.
- the aim here is to achieve an arc hike with an arc extension to increase the extinguishing capacity in the case of line follow current.
- the extension of the arc inevitably leads to higher energy conversions and higher temperature and pressure loads that are unnecessary and also undesirable, particularly with N-PE spark gaps.
- the overvoltage protection elements cited also have no third electrode for triggering.
- the prior art cited above also shows no expansion spaces in which the heated gas can be effectively cooled after or during the load.
- such a measure is very important, in particular in the case of encapsulated N-PE spark gaps, since the pressure load, the arc tension and thus the energy conversion and the temperature load can be kept to a minimum.
- an overvoltage protection device which has coaxial main electrodes which can be triggered.
- the electrodes are connected from the same side in order to bring about a directed movement of the arc to a baffle plate within the spark gap.
- the extension of the arc is not expedient for N-PE spark gaps.
- the known spark gap has no suitable expansion spaces which allow the hot gases to cool down. The resulting high pressure thus causes an undesirable increase in the arc voltage and stresses the housing of the spark gap unnecessarily in mechanical terms.
- the pressure load can only be reduced through large outlet openings, which are already effective when arcing occurs. However, there is a risk of undesired leakage of electrically conductive gases.
- DE-AS 12 82 153 presents a spark gap which has a so-called expansion and reflection space.
- the reflection space should press the arc into the expansion space through the pressure that arises when the arc is ignited, in order to protect the ignition point against excessive burn-up and on the other hand the arc to extend, so that the extinguishing behavior of the spark gap is improved.
- PE arrester can be used in a compact arrangement.
- the surge arrester should meet the essential requirements, namely a high insulation capacity and a very high surge current discharge capacity, and there should be the possibility of using a third electrode
- a housing has a trough shape with internal partition walls, the housing chambers formed in this way receiving the individual spark gaps and the respective connection terminals.
- An insulating plate is provided on the housing trough which is open at the top and has openings into which spring contact elements are inserted.
- the wiring carrier for the electronic control or trigger circuit is located above the insulating plate, the spring contacts establishing an electrical connection between contact points on the underside of the wiring carrier on the one hand and the outer jacket of one of the spark gaps on the other.
- the wiring carrier is preferably a copper-clad printed circuit board, the contact points on the underside of this printed circuit board being designed as solder pads of larger area.
- the printed circuit board comprises lateral, preferably cranked connection lugs, which can be electrically and mechanically connected to the inner contact rails, which are located in the respective housing chambers.
- the underside of the insulating plate preferably has sleeve-like extensions in the area of the openings, which are cut at an angle to the longitudinal axis, so that on the one hand the spring contact elements are secured against falling down and on the other hand a conductive section of the latter is exposed.
- the sleeve-like extension is closed in order to accommodate preferably used cylindrical compression springs, which on both sides of the respective openings, i.e. protrude upwards and downwards over the gate.
- the chamfer of the sleeve-like extensions is in the form of a segment of a circle and is complementary to the cylindrical spark gap housing.
- at least one further locking extension is formed on the insulating plate, which is adapted to the shape of the housing with its side oriented toward the respective spark gap, so that the insulating plate adjusts itself when it is put on, which further simplifies the assembly effort.
- the top of the insulating plate has molded spacer cams that are supported against the underside of the circuit board. This minimizes unwanted force effects on the soldering points of the electronic components on the circuit board and undesired voltages and forces on the circuit board. In this sense, the distance cams are arranged distributed over the outer circumference of the top of the insulating plate.
- the housing and the insulating plate are preferably plastic injection molded parts, i.e. in particular the insulating plate with the sleeve-like extensions and the distance cams is in one piece.
- a proposed wiring level swap bridge for a 3 + 1 circuit has an essentially Z-shape with two short, oppositely directed and one longer connecting leg, the attachment and electrical
- the longer connecting leg of the wiring level swap bridge can be provided with an insulation jacket.
- Fitting bores or cutouts are made in the short legs, which correspond to the external dimensions of the respective projecting contact surfaces of the spark gap. Furthermore, the material thickness of at least the short legs is substantially the same or a small amount less than the height of the contact surface projection of the respective spark gap.
- the wiring level swap bridge is then arranged in the outer housing of the surge arrester so that the long leg runs in the space between two of the spark gaps or between two chambers.
- the contact rails required for this purpose are designed as metallic angle elements in one embodiment of the invention, a first angle leg being non-positively connected to the respective projecting contact surface of the spark gap and a positive fit being provided in the housing via this leg.
- a second angle leg receives the external terminals mentioned or is used to attach them.
- the first angle leg of the contact rails is connected via a screw connection to the respective contact surface of the spark gap, the bore provided there having an internal thread being used for this.
- the screw connection also serves to secure the respective short legs of the wiring level swap bridge. Accordingly, there is no further screw connection or a similar contacting measure for changing the wiring level, e.g. across the contact rails, necessary.
- one of the contact rails connects three of the four spark gaps on one of the long sides of the housing.
- the contact rail provided on the opposite longitudinal side of the housing is designed either as a single rail per spark gap or as a contact rail which has insulating sections.
- This contact rail which has individual contact rails or the insulating sections, receives the phase or neutral conductor terminals.
- a further contact rail is provided with at least one outer terminal, which is connected to the fourth spark gap.
- the wiring level swap bridge extends between the third phase spark gap and the neutral conductor spark gap and is electrically contacted there accordingly.
- the wiring level swap bridge preferably consists of a conductive flat material, in particular copper.
- chambers formed in the housing accommodate the spark gaps, the longitudinal sides of the housing comprising grooves or slots which serve to guide and fasten the contact rails.
- One of the chamber walls can be designed to receive at least a portion of the wiring level swap bridge.
- tongue-like features or projections are arranged or provided, which in the assembled state form a counter-bearing directed toward the respective first angle leg of the contact rail, so that extension forces of the wiring level swap bridge occurring during surge current flow can be safely absorbed.
- the swap body is arranged in such a way that electrical forces caused by current flow cancel each other out in the sense of compensation, which represents a further essential advantage of the invention.
- the insulating plate not only fulfills the task of electrical insulation, but also serves as
- Carrier element of preferably cylindrical compression springs which serve for the electrical contacting or connection of the control or trigger circuit with the spark gaps located in the first level.
- An outer cover then completes the overall arrangement and ensures contact safety and protection of the assembly.
- the surge arrester further developed according to the invention is based on a coaxial construction of at least partially overlapping metallic main electrodes which have oppositely directed connections.
- the main electrodes enclose an arc combustion chamber in connection with at least one insulation part.
- at least one of the main electrodes has an inner expansion space and a trigger electrode, which preferably runs radially or axially rotationally symmetrically, is provided in the region of the insulation part.
- the first main electrode is preferably designed as a rod electrode with a cavity, the latter being in communication with the arc combustion chamber via openings on the flow side.
- connection area of the second, hollow cylindrical outer main electrode there is another expansion space.
- the expansion spaces can have a minimized pressure compensation opening, which is preferably formed in the area of the connections.
- the rod electrode is centered and held with its end remote from the connection via a further insulation part within the surrounding, second main electrode.
- the second insulation part has return flow channels to the expansion space of the second main electrode.
- Both expansion spaces can be connected on the flow side by at least one insulating channel.
- a respective response voltage can be predetermined in a targeted manner by varying the radial distance between the coaxially arranged, partially overlapping electrodes.
- At least one of the electrodes has a shoulder facing the arc combustion chamber or a step for a staggered response behavior and reliable extinguishing capacity even if the triggering fails.
- the main electrodes can have groove-shaped contours, webs and / or cams to minimize burn-off on their surface facing the arc combustion chamber.
- the second main electrode surrounding the first main electrode can represent an essential part of the encapsulation.
- the first and / or second insulation part can have at least one peripheral web to support air breakdowns.
- an extinguishing gas filling is preferably provided.
- the overall arrangement has a high insulation capacity with a correspondingly high surge current discharge capacity and is therefore particularly intended for use as an N-PE spark gap.
- Figure 1 is a view of the trough-like housing with individual chambers and spark gaps located therein as well as the not yet finally positioned insulating plate.
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a multipole surge arrester with recognizable spark gaps, contact rails and the wiring level swap bridge;
- Fig. 5 is a view of the underside of the circuit board of the control or trigger circuit with solder island contact points.
- FIG. 6 shows a sectional illustration through a surge arrester with a coaxial electrode structure
- Fig. 7 is a similar representation as disclosed in Fig. 6, but with a gradation of an inside of the second Main electrode to create a staggered response;
- FIG. 8 shows a sectional illustration of a surge arrester with a stepped design of the second main electrode for reducing the distance in the entire arc combustion chamber and with an additional radial insulation section for reducing the erosion, in particular of the trigger electrode;
- FIG. 9 shows a sectional illustration of a surge arrester with a trigger electrode which is arranged adjacent to the second main electrode in the axial direction.
- An insulating plate 25 which has a plurality of sleeve-like extensions 26 on its underside, is placed on the upwardly open housing trough. These sleeve-like extensions serve to receive a cylindrical compression spring 27 (see also FIG. 2).
- the sleeve-like extensions 26 are cut or cut out in a segment of a circle, as a result of which part of the cylindrical compression spring 27 is exposed.
- the lower end portion 28 of the sleeve-like extensions 26 is closed, thereby preventing the respective cylindrical compression springs 27 from falling out downwards.
- the chamfer of the sleeve-like extensions 26 is designed like a segment of a circle and is complementary to the cylindrical spark gap housing.
- at least one further locking extension 29 is formed on the underside of the insulating plate 25. Further extensions 30 in the edge region of the underside of the insulating plate secure it against undesired displacement.
- the aforementioned printed circuit board 33 is to be arranged above the insulating plate 25, the upper ends of the cylindrical compression springs 27 coming into contact with specially designed solder contact points on the underside of the printed circuit board, so that an electrical connection to the spark gaps is ensured.
- the diameter of the contact points 34 is equal to or larger than the diameter of the cylindrical compression springs or the upper end of this contact spring 27.
- the typical flat conical shape of a soldering point in connection with the flexibility of the respective cylindrical compression spring leads to one
- FIG. 5 which also shows the connecting tabs 32 arranged on the side.
- FIG. 3 The practical implementation of a multi-pole surge current-proof surge arrester in a 3 + 1 circuit can be seen in FIG. 3.
- the individual surge arresters 1 to 4 are located in individual chambers 5 of the plastic housing, the contact rail 7 being provided on one of the longitudinal sides of the housing and electrically connecting the surge arresters 1 to 3.
- Individual contact rails 8 to 11 are provided on the opposite side of the housing 6. These individual contact rails each take a pair of outer terminals 12 (see also Fig. 4).
- the contact rail 7 or the individual contact rails 8 to 11 are electrically connected to a projecting contact surface 14 of the respective spark gaps 1 to 4 via a screw which is received by a bore with an internal thread in the projecting contact surface 14.
- the necessary wiring level swap bridge 15 which has an essentially Z-shape, is located with its longer connecting leg between the spark gap arresters 3 and 4.
- a shape 16 is provided in the corresponding chamber partition wall 17 for guiding at least the long leg of the wiring level swap bridge 15.
- a fitting hole is made in the short leg 18 of the wiring level swap bridge 15, which is matched to the outer dimensions of the projecting contact surface 14 of the respective conductor 1 to 4.
- the respective short leg 18 can be brought into positive engagement with the projecting contact surface 14, the Final fixing is then carried out with the aid of a corresponding contact rail, as is evident in the lower part of the figure in FIG. 4.
- the material thickness of at least the short legs 18 is substantially equal to or less than the height dimension of the contact surface projection 14 of the respective spark gap 1 to 4.
- the wiring level swap bridge 15 preferably consists of a flat copper material which can be provided with an insulation sheath 19 (see FIG. 4) at least in a partial area.
- the contact rail 7, but also the individual contact rails 8 to 11, are designed as metallic angle elements, a first angle leg 20 being non-positively connected to the respective projecting contact surface 14 of the respective spark gap. Via this leg 20, a form fit or a corresponding hold in the housing 6 can be achieved at the same time, which has corresponding grooves or similar recesses for this.
- a second angle leg 21 carries the connecting terminals 12.
- the first angle leg 20 is via a screw connection
- a third tongue angle leg 24 (see upper part of FIG. 4) serves as a cable fastening pressure plate. This third tongue angle leg 24 is essentially opposite the second angle leg 21.
- FIGS. 6-9 are based on a first main electrode 41 and a second main electrode 42, the electrodes in the regions 45 having an electrical connection.
- This connection can be realized for example by means of a screw connection.
- the first main electrode is preferably designed as a rod electrode, which has a cavity 47 in the interior. This cavity 47 represents an internal expansion space.
- the cavity 47 is connected to the arc combustion chamber 48 by at least one opening 49.
- the first main electrode 41 projects partially into the tubular region of the second main electrode 42 in a coaxial arrangement. Specifically, this overlap area represents the desired coaxial structure.
- an insulation part 44 between the first main electrode 41 and the second main electrode 42. This insulation part 44 then simultaneously delimits the arc combustion chamber 48 in the axial direction.
- the insulating part 44 preferably has suitable openings or through-flow channels 410, so that an additional cavity 47 is connected to the arc combustion chamber 48 within the second main electrode 42.
- a (first) insulation part 43 is arranged between the first main electrode 41 and the open end of the main electrode 42.
- a solution in which the encapsulation takes place outside the main electrode arrangement and in which the arc chamber is not directly delimited by insulation parts is also within the scope of the invention.
- the insulation part 43 now has an additional third electrode 46 for triggering the main section between the first and second main electrodes.
- This electrode or a plurality of electrodes 46 can be arranged in a rod-shaped, pin-shaped, but also ring-shaped manner.
- a disc electrode is used which is aligned coaxially with the first and second main electrodes.
- the spark gap described is preferably pressed or screwed with additional insulation in a pressure-resistant metal housing.
- the force is applied in the direction of the axis of symmetry.
- these parts extend in the radial direction from the axis of symmetry. In this way it is ensured that an influence on the response voltage of the spark gap remains low both by the joining process and by thermal stress on the insulation parts under pressure.
- the arc 100 then ignites between the main electrodes 41 and 42.
- the arc 100 is formed by means of a sliding discharge along the insulation paths 43 or 44 or else by an air breakdown between the main electrodes 41 and 42nd
- the arc 100 is located in the arc combustion chamber 48 and can rotate around the first main electrode 41 in accordance with the coaxial arrangement within this chamber.
- an overpressure arises within the combustion chamber 48 due to the heating of the gases present. This overpressure would lead to an increased mechanical load on the parts and, in addition, an increase in the arcing voltage, which leads to an unnecessarily high energy conversion within the spark gap and thus also to high thermal loads.
- the expanding gas is provided with at least one additional cavity 47 as an expansion space within the spark gap, which is not directly exposed to the arc. After ignition of the arc, the heated gas can flow out into the expansion chamber 47 via the openings or channels 49 or 410 mentioned. Due to the large volume there, the large heat capacity and the large surface area of the metal electrodes, the heated gas within these cavities is immediately cooled and relaxed. The pressure increase, the arc burning voltage and the energy conversion within the combustion chamber are thus kept to a minimum.
- Such a mode of operation can also be implemented with two completely independent and separate combustion chambers.
- Fig. 8 shows a similar arrangement as Fig. 7, but here the paragraph or the step is extended so far that there is a significant reduction in the distance in the entire arc combustion chamber 48 between the first and second main electrodes 41/42.
- An additional axial insulation section 413 also reduces the erosion on the insulation part 43 and the trigger electrode 46, since direct contact of these parts with the arc 100 can be avoided.
- this insulation section 413 can also be provided independently of the step 412 as in an embodiment according to FIG. 6.
- FIG. 9 An arrangement in which the trigger electrode 46 is arranged downstream of the second main electrode 42 in the axial direction is shown in FIG. 9.
- This arrangement ensures both the protection of the trigger electrode against excessive burn-up and a reduction in the response voltage without triggering. Furthermore, the trigger energy required can be reduced to a minimum with this arrangement.
- the ignition spark which arises when the trigger circuit triggers between the trigger electrode 46 and the second main electrode 42 can in particular contact the first main electrode 41 when the insulation part 414 projects minimally into the combustion chamber 48 and the distance between the main electrodes 41 and 42 is shorter. As a result, the insulation gap between the main electrodes 41 and 42 is bridged suddenly and the trigger energy is limited to a minimum.
- partial insulation of the main electrode 41 within the combustion chamber 48 along the axis of symmetry and adjacent to the insulation parts 43 and 44 can be provided to protect against the signs of burn-off on the respective ones Isolation parts or on the trigger electrode may be useful.
- one or more circumferential contours e.g. can be formed or inserted as grooves or attached webs.
- Air breakthroughs or to control the combustion behavior can be realized.
- Insulation parts 43 and 44 may additionally be provided with at least one peripheral web (not shown) projecting into combustion chamber 48.
- cylindrical compression spring 28 lower end portion of the sleeve-like extension
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/416,531 US7271992B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-27 | Compact arrangement for multipole, surge-proof surge arresters and encapsulated surge arrester for the same |
AT01990442T ATE526711T1 (de) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-27 | Kompaktanordnung für mehrpolige stossstromfeste überspannungsableiter sowie gekapaelter überspannungsableiter hierfür |
AU2002229570A AU2002229570A1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-27 | Compact arrangement for multipole, surge-proof surge arresters and encapsulated surge arrester for the same |
EP01990442A EP1338064B1 (de) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-27 | Kompaktanordnung für mehrpolige stossstromfeste überspannungsableiter sowie gekapaelter überspannungsableiter hierfür |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10058977.4 | 2000-11-28 | ||
DE2000158977 DE10058977B4 (de) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Mehrpoliger stoßstromfester Überspannungsableiter |
DE10111954 | 2001-03-13 | ||
DE10111954.2 | 2001-03-13 | ||
DE2001118210 DE10118210B4 (de) | 2001-04-11 | 2001-04-11 | Gekapselter Überspannungsableiter mit einer Funkenstreckenanordnung |
DE10118210.4 | 2001-04-11 | ||
DE10125941.7 | 2001-05-28 | ||
DE10125941A DE10125941B4 (de) | 2001-03-13 | 2001-05-29 | Kompaktanordnung für mehrpolige stoßstromfeste Überspannungsableiter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002045224A2 true WO2002045224A2 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
WO2002045224A3 WO2002045224A3 (de) | 2003-01-03 |
Family
ID=27437903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/013775 WO2002045224A2 (de) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-27 | KOMPAKTANORDNUNG FÜR MEHRPOLIGE STOssSTROMFESTE ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER SOWIE GEKAPSELTER ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER HIERFÜR |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7271992B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1338064B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002229570A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002045224A2 (de) |
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CN105552722B (zh) * | 2014-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | 过压放电器 |
CN113782285A (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-12-10 | 西安交通大学 | 一种基于具有防污结构的触发型过电压控制开关的可控避雷器 |
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EP1603141B1 (de) * | 2004-06-04 | 2016-08-24 | ABB Schweiz AG | Gasisolierter Überspannungsableiter |
CN101847858B (zh) * | 2010-05-20 | 2012-09-05 | 曾献昌 | 报警可靠的防雷保险丝及其浪涌过电压保护装置 |
DE102010033764A1 (de) * | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-01 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Gehäuseanordnung für mehrpolige Überspannungsschutzgeräte |
BR112015002410A2 (pt) * | 2012-08-06 | 2017-07-04 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | pá de rotor de uma instalação de energia eólica, instalação de energia eólica, protetor contra surto, método para projetar um dispositivo de aquecimento, dispositivo de aquecimento, e, método para aquecer uma pá de rotor |
DE102014015610B4 (de) * | 2014-10-23 | 2017-02-23 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102018118898B3 (de) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-10-24 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Halteanordnung und Anordnung von mindestens zwei Stapelfunkenstrecken |
DE102018118904B3 (de) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-10-17 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Anordnung von Stapelfunkenstrecken und Vorrichtung zum Zusammenhalten und Kontaktieren von Stapelfunkenstrecken |
DE102018118906B3 (de) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-10-17 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzgerät |
DE102019211249B3 (de) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-06-18 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Druckausgleichselement, Gehäuse, Sensoranordnung sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
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2001
- 2001-11-27 EP EP01990442A patent/EP1338064B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-27 WO PCT/EP2001/013775 patent/WO2002045224A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-27 US US10/416,531 patent/US7271992B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-27 AU AU2002229570A patent/AU2002229570A1/en not_active Abandoned
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DE1282153B (de) | 1959-10-27 | 1968-11-07 | Ind D Soule Ets | Loeschfunkenstrecke |
US3849704A (en) | 1972-10-27 | 1974-11-19 | Franklin Electric Co Inc | Lightning arrestor |
EP0040413A1 (de) | 1980-05-21 | 1981-11-25 | CASSELLA Aktiengesellschaft | Wasserunlösliche Monoazofarbstoffe, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
EP0042688B1 (de) | 1980-06-19 | 1984-01-18 | May & Baker Limited | Bekämpfung von Unkraut unter Verwendung von 3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff zusammen mit S-2,3,3-Trichlorallyl-N,N-diisopropylthiolcarbamat |
EP0071055A2 (de) | 1981-07-23 | 1983-02-09 | NORDICA S.p.A | Schuh, insbesondere Skischuh, mit Vorrichtung zum Einstellen der Biegung und der Seiten- und Vorwärtsneigung |
DE3528556A1 (de) | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-03 | BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Funkenstrecke |
CH679715A5 (en) | 1989-03-02 | 1992-03-31 | Reichle & De Massari Fa | Overvoltage protection cassette for heavy current distributor rails - has fuse capsules located in chambers in base and each flange of U=shaped housing |
DE19604947C1 (de) | 1996-02-10 | 1997-07-10 | Dehn & Soehne | Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des Folgestromlöschvermögens von Funkenstreckenanordnungen und Funkenstreckenanordnungen hierfür |
DE19817063A1 (de) | 1998-04-17 | 1999-10-21 | Proepster J Gmbh | Überspannungsschutzelement mit Lichtbogenwanderung |
DE19818674A1 (de) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-10-28 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Überspannungsschutzelement |
DE29810937U1 (de) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-11-04 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG, 58710 Menden | Funkenstrecke |
DE10008764A1 (de) | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-28 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105552722B (zh) * | 2014-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | 过压放电器 |
CN113782285A (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-12-10 | 西安交通大学 | 一种基于具有防污结构的触发型过电压控制开关的可控避雷器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1338064B1 (de) | 2011-09-28 |
EP1338064A2 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
WO2002045224A3 (de) | 2003-01-03 |
US7271992B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 |
AU2002229570A1 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
US20040160723A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
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