WO2002034032A1

WO2002034032A1 - Method of transplanting plants

Info

Publication number: WO2002034032A1
Application number: PCT/JP2001/009029
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shigeki Nakanishi
Original assignee: Fukuyu Ryokuchi Corporation
Priority date: 2000-10-23
Filing date: 2001-10-15
Publication date: 2002-05-02
Also published as: JP2002125490A; AU2001294251A1; JP3623158B2

Abstract

A method of transplanting plants by which plants can be easily and efficiently transplanted while little damaging the plants and favorable rooting ability of trees, etc. can be established after the transplantation. The place where the plants to be transplanted have been grown is divided into a plural number of areas (2, 3) and these areas are numbered ((1), (2), (3) and so on) for identifying the positions. Then plants in each area are dug up and the plants with soil adhering thereto are transported to the place for the transplantation (5) followed by positioning as they were and setting in accordance with the identification numbers.

Description

Description Plant transplantation technology

The present invention relates to a method for transplanting plants, such as natural forests, plant colonies, and gardens, to other lands in a forestry, civil engineering, landscaping, or the like in a manner that involves ecological restoration.

When transplanting plants, such as natural forests, plant colonies, and gardens, to other lands, dig a round pot of the target tree, etc., one by one, and wrap the roots with soil along with soil and other materials. A method is adopted in which the wrapping is protected, transported to the site where the transplant is to be made, and then planted in the soil in the state of the wrapping.

In this case, after the detailed survey of the natural forest to be transplanted, etc., and accurate drawing of the condition, trees and herbs are dug out one by one and transported to the site where the transplant is to be carried out. Streets are planted one by one.

With the conventional transplantation method, it is necessary to survey the natural forests to be transplanted in detail and create accurate drawings.After the drawings are created, trees are digged one by one and transported to the planned transplantation site. A lot of effort and time is spent on these tasks, since they have to be replanted one by one according to the drawings. In addition, even if there are drawings showing the original condition of natural forests, etc., it is extremely difficult to restore the original condition by implanting excavated trees one by one at the planned transplanting site. The soil condition around the tree is not restored even if the work is carried out in anticipation of this, so the survival of the tree after transplanting is not good. further,

The root pots of the trees dug out one by one are round, so even if trees are planted next to each other, voids will be created. Not only is it spent, but it is also a factor that makes it difficult to survive after planting. In the conventional transplantation method, excavation work is performed in order from large trees to small trees.When excavating a single tree, the surrounding soil is trampled or dug. Because of this condition, small trees and flowers growing around the area are often irreparably damaged or die. As a result, the number of trees and flowers that are actually transplanted has been significantly reduced, and only trees and a few shrubs remain in the forest after transplantation, which is far from the original state. Is the actual situation.

Furthermore, in the case of the conventional transplantation method, undergrowth, moss and ferns, etc. that overgrow the topsoil around the trees are removed, so that they are almost destroyed, and organisms living in the soil escape. They often die and can disrupt the ecosystem balance after transplantation, which can adversely affect the growth of the entire forest thereafter.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a plant transplant method that is easy to carry out, can perform transplantation efficiently, has very little damage to the plant population, and has good survival of trees and the like after transplantation. To provide. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the plant plant transplantation method according to the present invention is characterized in that a land where a plant group such as a tree or a flower grows is divided into a plurality of regions, and identification means for recognizing a positional relationship between these regions is provided in each region. And excavating the plant group together with the soil for each area, transferring the plant group with soil excavated for each area to the planned transplantation site, and identifying the plant group with soil And replanting and planting the plant at the transplant site based on the above.

By adopting such a configuration, the growing plants are dug out while maintaining the natural state together with the soil, with each partitioned area as one unit, and relocated to the transplanting site in the original arrangement Since the plants are planted, the damage to the plant group is extremely small, and the survival of trees after transplanting is good. In addition, excavation, transfer, and planting operations are performed not in individual trees but in units of areas of a predetermined area. It is easy to construct because it is arranged and planted based on the steps.

In such a plant group transplantation method, by setting the planar shape of the region to be a quadrilateral, it is possible to partition the plant group into a plurality of regions by arranging a plurality of straight lines vertically and horizontally. Not only can efficiency of parcel work be improved, but also workability such as digging and transporting each area is improved. Also, when planting excavated plants at the planned transplanting site, the adjacent areas are tightly adhered to each other without gaps, eliminating the need to fill gaps with earth and sand, simplifying planting work, and Is also good.

In addition, by providing a basic unit area having a constant area and a fraction unit area having a smaller area than the basic unit area as the area, the area is divided according to the distribution state of trees and the like in the plant group and the structure of the ground. Since a boundary can be set in a portion that is easy to perform or a dug-out portion, and each region can be set, it is possible to efficiently perform not only the excavation work but also the subsequent work.

Furthermore, by making the planar shape of the basic unit area a square having a side length of 1 to 1.5 m, excavation work using a tree transplanter or the like, transportation of excavated trees with soil. Since the size is suitable for planting work, the workability is improved and the period can be shortened.

On the other hand, in the step of excavating the plant group together with the topsoil, by using a tree transplanter having a packet capable of accommodating the plant group in the basic unit area together with the soil while growing, the excavation of the basic unit area and the fraction unit area is performed. Since each operation can be performed collectively, work efficiency can be improved, and damage to plants in each area due to excavation work can be prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state in which a plant habitat to be transplanted is divided into a plurality of regions.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a digging operation of the plant colony of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the digging operation of the plant colony of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the digging operation of the plant colony of FIG.

5A is a plan view of the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 3 in which the fork of the tree transplanter is slid forward, and FIG. 5B is a left side view of the tree transplanter.

6 (a) is a plan view of the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 3 in which the fork of the tree transplanter is slid backward, and FIG. 6 (b) is a left side view of the tree transplanter.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a cut frame and a side closing plate.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where the unit frame is mounted in a bucket of the tree transplanter.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing the packing state of the excavated plants.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing the planting work at the planned transplanting site.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which a plant group is planted at the planned transplanting site. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where the plant growing area according to the embodiment of the present invention is divided into a plurality of regions, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a digging operation in the plant growing area shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, first, a thin string 4 is stretched in a straight line vertically and horizontally on the ground surface of the transplantation target land 1 where plants such as trees and flowers grow. It is divided into a basic cutout area 2 of mx 1.5 m and a fractional unit area 3 having a smaller area, and these areas are respectively identified by serial numbers ①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤ as identification means.

In addition to this, an area layout diagram (not shown) showing the status of these sections will be created, and the pre-transplantation status of the transplant target area 1 will be recorded. In this case, a full-size ruler of 1.5 m x 1.5 m is created, and the straps 4 are stretched so that the trees and the like growing in the transplant target area 1 fit in each area. The fraction unit area 3 is set according to the distribution of trees and the condition of the ground. After the stretching of the straps 4 and the drawing are completed, in order to facilitate the underground insertion of the tree transplanter 10 described later, a width of about 10 cm is set along the straps 4 located to the left and right of each area. A groove is formed, and a root saw is inserted along the thin string 4 located before and after each area to strengthen the ground.

Next, as shown in Fig. 2, the plants growing in the basic unit area 2 and the fraction unit area 3 are excavated together with the soil (top soil) that maintains the planar shape. In this case, using the tree transplanter 10 described later, the basic unit area 2 and the fraction unit area 3 are taken as one unit, and the area is dug out collectively for each area.

The tree transplanter 10 is the same as the tree transplanter described in Japanese Patent No. 3005503 filed by the present applicant, and as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. Used by attaching to work arm A. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tree transplanter 10 includes a left side plate 11, a right side plate 12, a back plate 13, etc., and a bucket 15 having an open bottom surface 14, and a packet 15. Fork 17 having a plurality of claws 16 and 26 that can slide in and out of bucket 15 from the back side of bucket 15 from the back side of 15 and the wall thickness formed on claws 16 A reinforcing portion 16a, a hydraulic cylinder 18 arranged on both left and right side surfaces of the packet 15 to directly drive and slide the fork 17 and a bucket 15 for attaching to the work arm A via a pin 19 A connecting plate 20 and a pin hole 24 provided on the upper surface of the rear part of the vehicle. In addition, pillars 25 are erected on the left and right side portions of the bucket 15, and fallen fall prevention members 27, 29 supported by these pillars 25 are provided on the left and right side portions and the back portion of the bucket 15. It is arranged substantially horizontally.

FIG. 5 (a) is a plan view of the bucket 15 constituting the tree transplanter 10 and FIG. 5 (b) is a left side view of the bucket 15 as shown in these figures. 5 is formed by a left side plate 11, a right side plate 12 and a back plate 13 and the like, and the front part and the bottom part 14 are open. The fork 17 is slid into and out of the bottom portion 14 from the lower edge of the back plate 13 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 18 arranged on the left and right sides of the bucket 15. In addition, since the knocket 15 is manufactured so that its planar projected area is slightly larger than the area of the basic unit area 2, the plants in the basic unit area 2 and the fraction unit area 3 are collectively collected together with the soil. Can be accommodated.

The fork 17 includes a plurality of claw members 16 and 26 arranged at regular intervals, a side reinforcing plate 21 attached to the side surface of each of the claw members 26 disposed on the left and right, and a claw. It is formed of a back reinforcing plate 22 arranged at the rear of the members 16 and 26.

The claw members 26 arranged on the left and right ends of the fork 17 are entirely plate-shaped, and the tip is shaped like a wedge, and the center of the four claw members 16 excluding the claw members 26 is A thick reinforcing portion 16a is provided along the longitudinal direction, and the tip portion of the nail member 16 is shaped like a wedge. The reinforcing portion 16a protrudes in a triangular shape slightly behind the tip of the nail member 16, and is formed continuously in the form of a mountain range backward.

Here, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the unit frame and the side closing plate used in the transplanting operation of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. This is used when the plant group to be transplanted is digged together with the soil and excavated in the bucket 15 to be planted at the site where the transplant is planned. The members 32 are combined and formed in a U-shape so that they can be arranged along the inner surface of the bucket 15. Further, a side closing plate 31 for detachably closing the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is provided. The side closing plate 31 is attached and detached by engaging the latch 31 a with the hook 30 c of the unit frame 30. When the cut frame 30 is used, as shown in FIG. 8, the open side portion thereof is arranged in the bucket 15 with the front side facing forward.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the pallet 35 is formed by combining a plate member 36 and a reinforcing member 37 into a slab-like slab, so that the cut frame 30 can be placed thereon. , And are formed to have substantially the same shape and dimensions as the outer shape of the unit frame 30. As shown in FIG. 9 to be described later, the cut frame 30 integrated with the soil of the plant group 50 to be transplanted is placed on the pallet 35, and the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is placed. Is closed by the side closing plate 3 1, Since the roots and soil are packed around, the soil can be prevented from collapsing when transported or relocated over long distances.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 9 to FIG. 11, a plant group transplanting operation using the tree transplanter 10 will be described. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the state before excavating the plant group, Fig. 4 is a side view showing the state where excavation has started, Fig. 9 is a side view showing the packing state of the plant group, and Fig. 10 is the side view of the plant group. FIG. 11 is a side view showing a planting state, and FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which a plant group is planted at a transplanting site.

As shown in FIG. 3, before the excavation work is started, the front surface of the plant group 50 is dug down by 30 to 40 cm to form a stepped portion 51. The tree transplanter 10 is mounted on the heavy equipment H in advance, and the fork 17 is slid forward as shown in FIG. 8 as described above, and is positioned on the bottom part 14 of the bucket 15. The unit frame 30 is mounted in advance. As shown in Fig. 3, at the start of excavation, the tree transplanter 10 is introduced into the soil in the basic unit area 2 from the step 51 in front of the plant group 50 by the pressing force of the work arm A of the heavy equipment H. . Then, as shown in Fig. 4, the work arm A is operated, the tree transplanter 10 is lifted together with the target tree 50, and the tree transplanter 10 is excavated from the surrounding soil. At this time, the roots and soil of the plant group 50 are prevented from collapsing by being integrated with the cut frame 30, and the trees 50 a included in the plant group 50 are members for preventing fallen trees 27 , 29 prevents collapse. When digging a plant group in the fraction unit area 3, the work can be performed in the same procedure as described above by arranging a partition member having a size corresponding to the area inside the unit unit frame 30. . '

As shown in FIG. 9, the plant group 50 with soil excavated in this manner is placed on the pallet 35, and then the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is closed by the side closing plate 31. It is packed by closing with, loaded on a transportation vehicle, etc., and transported to the planned transplantation site.

When the plant group 50 with soil digging the basic unit area 2 and the fractional cut area 3 as one unit each arrives at the planned transplanting site 5, as shown in Fig. 10, By inserting the fork 38 of one lift F into the lower surface of the pallet 35 and lifting it, the plant group 50 is lifted by the fork 38 and, as shown in Fig. 11, specified according to the area layout diagram created before excavation. To the planting site. Then, after lowering the fork 38 to place the plant group 50 on the planned transplanting place 5, the forklift F is retracted, so that the plant group 50, the unit frame 30, and the pallet 35 come out of position. Remove oak 38.

After that, if the cut frame 30 is removed from the plant group 50 and the roots are buried with earth and sand, planting is completed. If the unit frame 30 is formed of a material that can be decomposed in soil such as wood, the unit frame 30 can be planted without removing the unit frame 30. As described above, in the present embodiment, the plant group 50 growing in the transplantation target area 1 uses the partitioned basic unit area 2 and fractional unit area 3 as one unit, and sets the natural state together with the soil. It is excavated while keeping it, and is planted in the original transplantation site 5 with the original arrangement.Therefore, moss growing near the soil surface with very little damage to trees 50a and plants included in the plant group 50 is extremely small. Ecosystem balance is maintained by transplanting species such as insects, ferns, and organisms living in the soil, and the survival of trees 50a after transplantation is also good.

For each work such as excavation, transfer and planting, the basic unit area 2 with a size of 1.5 m X l. The transplantation work is efficient because the narrow fraction unit area 3 is performed as one unit, and the transplantation work is efficient. It is arranged and planted at the transplantation site 5 based on the serial numbers (1), (2), and (3) that are the identification means. is there.

Since the planar shapes of the basic unit area 2 and the fraction unit area 3 are each a quadrilateral, a plurality of thin cords 4 are stretched in a straight line vertically and horizontally so that the plant group 50 can be divided into a plurality of basic unit areas 2. It can be divided into fractional unit areas 3, and the division work is efficient, and the workability of excavating and transporting each area is also good. When the excavated plant group 50 is to be planted at the transplantation site 5, the adjacent basic unit area 2 and fractional unit area In No. 3, since they are in close contact with each other without gaps, there is no need to fill the gaps with earth and sand, etc., so that the planting work is simplified and the survival after planting is good.

In addition, by providing a basic unit area 2 with a fixed area and a fraction unit area 3 with a smaller area, the distribution state of trees 50a in the plant group 50 and the structure of the ground are improved. Depending on the situation, a thin string 4 indicating the boundary can be stretched over the easy-to-partition or dug-out area, and each area can be set, so that not only digging work but also subsequent work can be effectively performed. Can be implemented.

In addition, since the plane shape of the basic unit area 2 is a square with a side length of 1.5 m, digging work using a tree transplanter 10 and planting 50 It is excellent in workability such as transportation and planting, and can shorten the period.

On the other hand, in the process of excavating the plant group 50 together with the soil, the tree transplanter 10 having the bucket 15 capable of accommodating the plant group 50 in the basic unit area 2 together with the soil in a grown state is used. The excavation work for each unit area 2 and fractional unit area 3 can be performed collectively, respectively, so that work efficiency is high, and damage to the plant group 50 in each area due to excavation work and the like is extremely small.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The land where the plants grow is divided into a plurality of areas, identification means for recognizing the positional relationship is attached to each area, and the plants are dug together with the soil for each area and the plants with soil The plant is transferred to the transplant site, and is relocated and settled at the transplant site based on the identification means, so that the plant transplant can be performed easily and efficiently, resulting in damage to the plant The number of trees is extremely low, and the survival of trees after transplantation is good.

(2) By setting the planar shape of the area to be a quadrilateral, by arranging a plurality of straight lines vertically and horizontally, it is possible to divide the plant group into a plurality of areas, so that the work of dividing can be made more efficient, Workability such as digging and transporting each area is also improved. In addition, when planting excavated plants, the adjacent areas are in close contact with each other without gaps, so there is no need to fill the gaps with earth and sand. (3) By providing a basic unit area having a constant area and a fraction unit area having a smaller area than the basic unit area as the above-mentioned area, it is easy to partition according to the distribution state of trees and the like and the ± yaw board structure. Since a boundary can be set in a part or a dug-out part and each area can be set, excavation work and subsequent work can be made more efficient.

(4) By setting the plane shape of the basic unit area to a square with a side length of 1 to 1.5 m, excavation work using a tree transplanter, etc., and transport of excavated trees with soil Since the size is suitable for the planting work, the workability is improved and the period can be shortened.

(5) By using a tree transplanter having a bucket capable of accommodating the plants in the basic tutu area together with the soil in a growing state, the excavation work in the basic tutu area and fractional unit area can be performed separately. Since it is possible to perform the operation in a lump, the work efficiency is improved, and the damage of the plants in each area due to excavation work can be prevented. Industrial applicability

According to the present invention, a plant group such as a natural forest, a plant colony, and a garden can be transplanted to another land with ecological restoration.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A step of dividing a land where a group of plants such as trees and flowers grow into a plurality of areas and attaching identification means to each area for recognizing the positional relationship of the areas, and Excavating together with soil, transferring soil-explanted plants to the planned transplanting site, and restoring the soil-applied plants to the transplanted site based on the identification means. A plant group transplantation method comprising the steps of arranging and planting.

2. The plant group transplantation method according to claim 1, wherein the planar shape of the region is a quadrilateral.

3. The plant group transplantation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a basic cut region having a constant area and a fraction unit region having a smaller area than the basic unit region are provided as the regions.

4. The plant group transplantation method according to claim 3, wherein the planar shape of the basic unit area is a square having a side length of 1 to 1.5 m.

5. The plant group according to claim 3, wherein in the step of excavating the group of plants together with soil, a tree transplanter having a bucket capable of accommodating the group of plants in the basic cut area with the soil in a growing state is used. Transplantation method.

6. The plant transplantation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step of excavating the plant population together with the soil, a tree transplanter having a bucket capable of accommodating the plant population in the basic unit area together with the soil in a growing state is used.