JP3005532B1 - Tree transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

[Abstract] [Problem] Topsoil, buried seed,
Provided is a tree transplanting machine that can collectively perform excavation, packing, and planting by using a method of transplanting and restoring soil microorganisms and the like as they are. SOLUTION: A bucket 2 inserted into an object and dug out.
And a fork 3 that slides back and forth in the bucket 2 to support or detach an object, a link 4 that slides the fork 3 back and forth, and a cylinder 5 that operates the link 4. And The tree transplanter 1 is mounted on an arm of a heavy machine or the like, and the fork 3 is slid forward to form a bucket 2 in a box shape. The bucket 2 is inserted into the root of an object such as a tree by the force of the arm of the heavy machine. It is possible to remove the object by sliding the fork 3 backward, after which the ground is excavated and supported together with the soil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tree transplanter for use in forestry construction work for restoring and restoring forests in the forestry and construction industries (especially landscaping work).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, natural forests have been reconstructed by environmental assessments, etc.
Restoration, creation of recharge forests around dams, creation of river biotopes, introduction of natural forests to urban greening, gardens, etc.
A variety of large and small forest creation works, such as the creation of natural forests as educational forests, are underway. These forest creation works are carried out by various methods in seed planting, seedling planting and plant ecological application. Forest creation starts with cutting down the forest in the area to be created, and is then completed by planting seedlings or trees. However, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, coexistence with nature, and consideration for the natural environment, it is important to utilize and restore the existing natural forests in future forestation works.

[0003] The utilization of natural forests is generally carried out by excavating existing trees and transplanting them. When transplanting a tree, one or two years ago, the area around the root of the target tree is cut off and laid down to develop fine roots. Then, the tree to be transplanted is excavated, the roots of the tree are wrapped with komono / straw, etc., protected, and transported to the planting site. At the planting site, the plant is planted in this state of root winding, and the transplant is completed. If there is a period until planting, provisional planting is performed as necessary.

[0004] As described above, in the transplantation method that requires the wrapping and the wrapping, the wrapping must be planned for several years. In addition, since the nemaki is a manual operation, a considerable labor is required, and the time from excavation to planting becomes long. When transplanting a large diameter tree, several workers are required. Conventionally, various transplanting methods using a tree transplanter have been considered in order to simplify the transplanting operation.

As this transplantation method, TPM (Trans
A planting machine method, a heavy equipment transplant method, a tree transplant method, and the like are used. Each of these transplanting methods is a method of excavating the trees in the premises with a dedicated tree transplanter without rooting them, transporting them as they are, and rooting them, without damaging the tree shape, Soil can be transported in large quantities at the same time. This tree transplanter is equipped with a bucket that holds the transplanted tree upright, sandwiches the tree between the left and right or front and back and excavates it,
After transporting to the planting place, the bucket is similarly opened and planted. Therefore, it does not require a root winding and enables significant labor saving in tree transplantation.

[0006]

A conventional tree transplanter is:
Since the bucket opens and closes left and right or back and forth, the tree is uprooted and digging is performed, so that the working range is widened, and work becomes difficult in a forest where trees are overcrowded. For this reason, it is necessary to cut the area around the target tree extensively to secure a work area, and the destruction of the surrounding area is larger and more wasteful for the tree to be dug. Not.

Further, the opening and closing portion of the bucket is caught in a claw shape, so that the impact on trees during excavation and planting is large, and the top soil and seeds most necessary for restoration and regeneration, and bacteria in the soil are used. And the like, and there is a problem that dying increases. In addition, because it does not have a packing function, it can be transplanted only to the extent that it can run on its own,
It is not suitable for temporary temporary planting or planting by transporting a long distance.

Therefore, the present invention uses a method of transplanting and restoring topsoil, buried seeds, soil microorganisms, etc., which are indispensable for the restoration of a natural forest, as they are, and collectively from digging to packing and planting. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tree transplanter that can be used.

[0009]

The tree transplanter of the present invention comprises:
It comprises a bucket that is inserted into and dug into an object, and a fork that slides back and forth within the bucket to support or detach the object. Attach this tree transplanter to the arm of the heavy equipment main body, slide the fork forward to make the bucket into a box shape, insert it into the root of an object such as a tree with the force of the arm of the heavy equipment main body, and attach it to the surrounding soil. The object can be detached by digging the root and supporting it, and then sliding the fork backward. The mechanism for moving the fork back and forth is constituted by a cylinder and a link and is operated by the hydraulic device of the heavy equipment main body. Therefore, the tree transplanting machine of the present invention can be mounted on a general heavy equipment main body and used. The cylinder and the link are installed above the bucket so as not to hinder the storage of the object. Further, a lock mechanism is provided in the hydraulic system so that the fork is not pushed back at the time of insertion.

[0010] Here, it is desirable that the bucket has plates arranged on the left, right and back. This plate is preferably made of steel because it is inserted into the soil by the driving force of the heavy equipment.
With the right and left plates, the tree and the soil as the object can be separated from the surrounding soil and stored in the bucket. In addition, the back plate prevents the object from falling off the bucket when the bucket is inserted. Further, if the left and right plates of the bucket are provided with support insertion holes for fixing the object, the support is set up using the support insertion hole after storing the object, and the support and the object are connected. It is possible to prevent the object from collapsing. The pillar is made of wood or steel, but is preferably made of steel when supporting a large object.

A fork for supporting or detaching an object is
It is desirable that the belt-like horizontal plates projecting forward are arranged in parallel. With such a shape of the fork, a large force is not required when inserting the fork into the object, and the fork can be easily formed. In addition, obstacles such as stones and rhizomes can be easily avoided at the time of insertion into an object. Since the weight of the object is directly loaded on the fork, the fork may be formed using a high-strength member. By providing a stopper at the left and right outer ends of the fork to prevent the bucket from opening, the bucket can be prevented from opening when the fork is slid forward and inserted into an object. Become.

On the other hand, if a U-shaped unit frame for digging and planting is provided in the bucket integrally with the object, the unit frame is inserted into the soil together with the bucket, and the object is removed. It can be dug as one. Furthermore, if a pallet is separately prepared, placed on the pallet, and the remaining surface of the unit frame is closed, the package is in a packed state, and it can be transported and relocated over a long distance.

The unit frame may be formed by using a member that does not cause pollution when buried in the soil, and it is preferable that the unit frame is changed over time, decomposed, and melted into the soil, but is preferably made of wood. This way, even if the unit frame is buried in the soil with trees as it is, it will age and corrode, so there is no need to unpack when planting,
Saves labor of work.

[0014]

1 (a) is a plan view of a tree transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention in which a fork is slid forward, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1 (a). , FIG. 2
(A) is a plan view of the tree transplanter according to the embodiment of the present invention in which a fork is slid backward, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line Y-Y of (a), and FIG. It is a left view in the state where it was attached to.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a tree transplanter 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention inserts and excavates an object, and slides forward and backward in the bucket 2 to extract the object. It comprises a fork 3 to be supported or detached, a link 4 for sliding the fork 3 back and forth, a cylinder 5 for operating the link 4, and the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the tree transplanter 1 is mounted on the arm A of the heavy equipment H, and the fork 3
To the front, the bucket 2 is made into a box shape, inserted into the root of an object such as a tree by the force of the arm A of the heavy equipment H, excavated with the surrounding soil and supported, and then the fork is moved rearward. , The object can be detached.

FIG. 4A is a plan view of the bucket, and FIG. 4B is a left side view. As shown in the figure, the bucket 2 is formed by opening a bucket front portion 21 and a left plate 22 and a right plate 23 provided on the left and right, respectively, and a back plate 24 provided on the back. Insert from the rear part 25 of the bucket. The height D of the bucket front part 21 of the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 23 is about 30 cm.
Is the same as the depth of the digging of the target tree. On the inner surfaces of the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 23, a pin 51 for fixing one end of the cylinder 5 and a pin 41 for fixing the middle of the link 4 are provided. Further, a connection plate 26 having a pin hole 28a is provided on the upper portion of the bucket 2. When the bucket 2 is mounted on the arm A of the heavy equipment H, the pin 28 is inserted and fixed in the pin hole 28a. The left side plate 22 and the right side plate 23 of the bucket 2 are provided with two column insertion holes 6 for inserting columns 60 for fixing an object. After storing the object, two columns 60 are erected on the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 23 by using the column insertion holes 6, and the columns 60 and the object are bound together using a rope or the like. Thus, the object can be prevented from collapsing (see FIG. 3).

FIG. 5A is a plan view of the fork, and FIG. 5B is a left side view. The fork 3 slides back and forth in the bucket 2 to support or detach an object, and is formed by arranging strip-shaped horizontal plates 31 projecting forward in parallel as shown in FIG. A vertical guide plate 33 is provided on the left and right sides of the vertical plate 32 at the rear end of the fork 3. The guide plate 33 is provided with a vertical guide groove 34. Further, stoppers 35 for preventing the opening of the bucket are provided at the left and right outer ends of the fork 3, and slide forward and backward along stopper guide grooves 27 provided on the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 23 of the bucket 2. .

The operation mechanism for sliding the fork 3 back and forth includes a swinging link 4 as shown in FIGS.
And a cylinder 5 having a lock mechanism so that the fork is not pushed back during insertion. One end of the link 4 is connected to the guide groove 34 by a pin 42, and the other end is connected to the cylinder 5 by a pin 52. Further, the middle of the link 4 is fixed to the bucket 2 by a pin 41, and the cylinder 5 is expanded and contracted by a hydraulic device of a heavy machine.
The link 4 swings about the pin 41 and the fork 3
Slide back and forth. At this time, the pin 42 slides up and down along the guide groove 34. When the fork 3 slides to the front end, it hits the back plate 24 of the bucket 2.
To the rear end stopper 29 provided on the left and right of
The fork 3 slides back and forth between them.

FIG. 6 (a) is a plan view of a wooden unit frame, FIG. 6 (b) is a front view, FIG. 7 (a) is a plan view of a wooden pallet, FIG. 6 (b) is a front view, and FIG. It is a perspective view in the state where a unit frame was attached to a bucket, and a packing method of an object is explained using these figures.

As shown in FIG. 6, a wooden unit frame 7 to be mounted in the bucket 2 and dug and planted integrally with the object is formed by combining a rice toe material 71 and a hanging timber 72, and It is formed in a U-shape along the inner surface. When using this unit frame 7, it is attached to the bucket 2 as shown in FIG. Since the unit frame 7 is made of wood in this way, it ages and corrodes even if the unit frame 7 is buried in the soil together with the trees, so that it is not necessary to unpack the plant during planting, and the labor for the work is reduced. Can be omitted.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, a wooden pallet 8 is made of rice
The unit frame 7 is formed to be slightly larger than the outer shape of the unit frame 7 so that the unit frame 7 is completely placed on the pallet 8 by combining the two. If the unit frame 7 integrated with the object is placed on the pallet 8 and the remaining surface of the unit frame 7 is closed, the package is in a packed state, and can be transported and relocated over a long distance.

Next, a transplanting operation using the tree transplanting machine 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 shows a state before excavation, FIG. 10 shows a state of starting excavation, FIG. 11 shows a state of excavation completion, and FIG. 12 shows a state of planting work. 13 is a view showing a packing state of trees.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, the front surface 11 of the digging object 10 is dug down by 30 to 40 cm before digging. The tree transplanter 1 is attached to the heavy equipment H in advance, and the unit frame 7 is attached by sliding the fork 3 forward as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, at the start of excavation, the heavy machine H is made to enter from the front surface 11 of the object 10 and the tree transplanter 1 is inserted into the object 10 by the force of the arm A of the heavy machine H. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the tree transplanter 1 is lifted by the arm A together with the object 10 and cut off from the surrounding soil to dig it. If the object 10 is large, the column 60 is erected using the column insertion port 6 of the bucket 2 so as not to collapse, and the column 60 and the object 10 are bound using a rope or the like. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12, the object 10 is transported to a predetermined planting place, the fork 3 is slid rearward to detach the object 10 and the unit frame 7, and then the arm A is pulled rearward. The tree transplanter 1 is removed, and the object 10 and the unit frame 7 are planted.

As shown in FIG. 13, when transporting a long distance, the object 10 is dug out and then placed on the pallet 8. Next, the object 10 and the unit frame 7 are detached by sliding the fork 3 rearward, and then the arm A
To remove the tree transplanter 1. After the remaining one surface of the unit frame 7 is closed, the pallet 8 and the unit frame 7 are nailed to complete the packing.

[0026]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) An object is provided with a bucket that is inserted into and excavated from the object, and a fork that slides back and forth in the bucket to support or detach the object, thereby enabling the object to be removed from the surrounding soil. At the same time, it becomes possible to excavate the roots, and it is possible to easily maintain the topsoil, secure buried seeds, and microorganisms in the soil, which were difficult in the past. Also, when digging, it is sufficient to secure only the movable range before and after the tree transplanter, and work in the forest where trees are overgrown without cutting surrounding trees and hardly affecting the surrounding trees of the target object be able to.

(2) By arranging the plates on the left, right, and back, the bucket separates the target tree and soil from the surrounding soil, and stores the tree so that the tree does not fall off the bucket when the bucket is inserted. can do. Also,
The trees are stored not as a single unit but as an individual group, so that it is possible to transplant the trees efficiently.

(3) Providing the left and right plates of the bucket with support post insertion holes for fixing the object allows the object to be transported and transplanted without collapse even if the object is large. Become.

(4) Since the fork is formed by arranging band-shaped horizontal plates projecting forward in parallel, the fork can be easily inserted into the object, and the fork around the object can be easily inserted. Objects can be easily separated and excavated from the soil.

(5) At the left and right outer ends of the fork,
By providing the stopper for preventing the bucket from opening, the bucket can be prevented from opening, and the digging operation can be performed safely.

(6) By providing a unit frame for digging and planting in the bucket integrally with the object, the digged object can be easily packed. In other words, it is possible to work collectively from excavation to packing and planting, and it is possible to handle not only short distance but also long distance transportation and transplantation.

(7) Since the unit frame is made of wood, it is possible to save time and effort for root winding and packing before and after digging, and a series of operations such as digging, packing and planting can be performed at once. Reliable construction is possible in terms of topsoil protection and relocation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a tree transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a fork is slid forward;
(B) is XX sectional drawing of (a).

FIG. 2A is a plan view of the tree transplanter of FIG. 1 in which a fork of the tree transplanter is slid backward, and FIG.
It is sectional drawing.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of a state in which the tree transplanter is attached to a heavy machine.

4A is a plan view of a bucket, and FIG. 4B is a left side view.

FIG. 5A is a plan view of a fork, and FIG. 5B is a left side view.

FIG. 6A is a plan view of a wooden unit frame, and FIG. 6B is a front view.

7A is a plan view of a wooden pallet, and FIG. 7B is a front view.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where a wooden unit frame is attached to a bucket.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state before excavation.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state at the start of excavation.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which excavation is completed.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a planting operation state.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a packing state of a tree.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tree transplanter 2 Bucket 3 Fork 4 Link 5 Cylinder 6 Post insertion port 7 Unit frame 8 Pallet 10 Object 11 Front surface 21 Bucket front 22 Left side plate 23 Right side plate 24 Back plate 25 Bucket rear 26 Connection plate 27 Stopper guide groove 28 , 41, 42, 51, 52 Pin 28 a Pin hole 29 Rear end stopper 31 Horizontal plate 32 Vertical plate 33 Guide plate 34 Guide groove 35 Stopper 60 Support post 71 US Toga material 72 Vertical lumber H Heavy machine A Arm

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 23/04 501

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tree transplanter used by being attached to a heavy machine or the like, comprising a left and right side plate and a back plate, and a lower portion opened.
And insert it into the bucket from the back of the bucket
And a fork, wherein the fork is
Dig and support the tree while sliding it toward the rear
The tree is detached by sliding
Trees transplanter. 2. The tree is placed on left and right side plates of the bucket.
The tree transplanting machine according to claim 1 , further comprising a column insertion port for fixing . 3. The fork has a belt-like shape protruding forward.
The flat plate is formed by arranging horizontal plates in parallel.
Tree transplanter of the other two described. 4. At the left and right outer ends of the fork ,
A stopper comprising a stopper for preventing the bucket from opening.
3. The tree transplanter according to 3 . 5. In the bucket, the tree is integrated with the tree.
U-shaped wooden unit for digging and planting
The tree transplanting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a frame .