JP3428947B2 - Tree transplanter - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tree transplanting machine used in forestry and construction (especially landscaping), for reforestation and reconstruction of forests. About. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, natural forests have been relocated and restored in the development of golf courses and residential lands, etc., recharge forests around dams have been created, biotopes have been created, natural forests have been introduced into urban greening / gardens, etc. A variety of large and small forest creation works are being carried out, such as forest creation. These forest creation works are carried out by various methods such as seed planting and seedling planting. [0003] The creation of a forest starts by cutting down the forest in the area to be created, and thereafter is completed by planting seedlings or trees. However, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, coexistence with nature, and consideration for the natural environment, it is important to utilize and restore the existing natural forests in future forestation works. [0004] In the case of utilizing a natural forest, it is generally performed by digging existing trees and transplanting them. When transplanting a tree, one or two years before, the area around the root of the target tree is cut off, so-called rooting is performed, and fine roots are developed. The trees to be transplanted are dug up, wrapped around the roots with soil, etc. along with soil to protect them, and transported to the planting site. Then, if the plant is planted in the soil in the rooted state at the planting place, the transplant is completed. If there is a period from excavation to regular planting, temporary planting is performed as necessary. [0005] As described above, in the conventional transplantation method which requires the wrapping and the wrapping, the wrapping must be planned for several years, and the wrapping is a manual operation. And the time from excavation to planting becomes longer. Moreover, when transplanting a large diameter tree, several workers are needed. In order to simplify such a transplanting operation, various transplanting methods using a tree transplanter have been developed. These transplanting methods use a dedicated tree transplanter to excavate trees without turning them around, transport them as they are, and plant them as they are.Simultaneous transport along with the soil around the roots without damaging the tree shape can do. Further, as such a tree transplanting machine, there are those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-18857 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Hei 7-1956. The use of these eliminates the necessity of a root winding operation, thereby making it possible to significantly save labor in the entire transplantation operation. Problems to be Solved by the Invention Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-18857
The tree transplanter disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-19556 and the like discloses a method in which a tree is excavated together with surrounding soil using an extension claw or a cutting blade, and is transported to a predetermined place for planting. However, the roots and soil of the excavated trees are attached to the extension claws and digging blades due to the pressing force and gravity during the excavation work. It is hard to come off and hinders workability. [0009] Further, when transporting excavated trees, the tree holding function is poor and unstable, so the trees being transported may fall, the soil around the roots may fall, or the trees themselves may fall off. There is. When such a situation occurs, the excavated tree is damaged, so that rooting after planting is poor and adversely affects subsequent growth. [0010] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in a tree transplanting method or the like, the process from digging to planting of trees can be performed efficiently in a lump, resulting in excellent workability and damage to the trees. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tree transplanter. [0011] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a tree transplanter of the present invention is used by being attached to a heavy machine or the like. , A fork having a plurality of claws that can slide in and out of the bottom of the bucket from the back side of the bucket, a thick reinforcing portion formed on a part of the claws, And a driving unit disposed on the side surface portion to directly drive and slide the fork. The tree transplanter having such a configuration is mounted on a working arm of a heavy machine or the like, and a fork is slid forward to form a bucket having an open front. Insert it with the force of the arm, dig it up with the surrounding soil, hold it in the bucket, transport it to the destination, slide the fork backward, the tree root part will be the back plate of the bucket and the left and right sides Since the bottom of the bucket opens while being held by the face plate,
The excavated trees can be easily detached. A reinforcing portion is formed on a plurality of claw members forming the fork, and the fork is directly driven by a driving means on a side surface portion of the bucket without a link mechanism or the like.
It can exert a strong excavating force on the soil near the tree to be transplanted and can stably hold the excavated tree. The fork driving means is preferably a hydraulic cylinder operated by a hydraulic device of the heavy equipment body, and is locked to a hydraulic system in order to prevent the fork protruding from the bottom of the bucket from being pushed back during excavation work. It is desirable to provide a mechanism. Here, by installing side reinforcing plates on the left and right side portions of the fork inside the left and right side plates of the bucket, the bucket is prevented from opening due to earth pressure or the like when the fork is inserted into the soil. In addition to these, the side reinforcing plates exert a rib function, and the fork holding force is increased. [0015] Further, by providing a fallen fall prevention member which is supported by uprights erected on the left and right side portions of the bucket and is disposed substantially horizontally on the left and right side portions and the back portion of the bucket, the bucket can be dug into the bucket. As it becomes possible to prevent the stored trees from tilting and falling,
Workability when transplanting a relatively tall tree is improved, and damage to the tree can be prevented. Further, by making the driving direction of the driving means substantially the same as the inserting / removing direction of the fork, the driving force of the driving means can be efficiently and efficiently applied to the fork without a complicated link mechanism or power transmission member. Since energy can be transmitted, energy loss can be reduced. Furthermore, a U-shaped unit frame that can be mounted in the bucket and that can store the root of a tree dug by a fork, and a side closing plate that can be attached to and detached from the open side surface of the unit frame. By preparing, the work from excavation of the target tree to packing and planting can be performed collectively and efficiently, and if it is placed on a separately prepared pallet, it will be in the packed state, Transport and relocation are also possible. Furthermore, at the time of planting work, if the side blocking plate is removed from the unit frame, the unit frame itself can be removed from the root, so it can be reused many times, contributing to resource conservation and disassembling in the soil There is no problem even if the unit frame and the side closing plate are formed using a synthetic resin material or the like that is not used. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a left side view showing a state in which the tree transplanter according to the embodiment is mounted on a heavy machine, FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a state in which a fork of the tree transplanter of FIG. 3B is a left side view of the tree transplanter, FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a state where the fork of the tree transplanter of FIG. 1 is slid backward, and FIG. 3B is a left side view of the tree transplanter. It is. As shown in FIG. 1, the tree transplanter 10 of this embodiment is used by being attached to a work arm A of a heavy machine H. As shown in FIGS. A fork having a bucket 15 composed of a right side plate 12 and a back plate 13 and having an open bottom portion 14, and a plurality of claw members 16 and 26 that can be slid into and out of the bottom portion 14 in the bucket 15 from the back side of the bucket 15. 17 and nail material 1
6, a hydraulic cylinder 18 disposed on both left and right side surfaces of the bucket 15 to directly drive and slide the fork 17, and a bucket for mounting on the work arm A via a pin 19. 15 is provided with a connecting plate 20 and a pin hole 24 provided on the rear upper surface. Falling prevention members 27 and 29 supported by columns 25 erected on the left and right side portions of the bucket 15 are arranged substantially horizontally on the left and right side portions and the back portion of the bucket 15. FIG. 4A is a plan view of a bucket constituting the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a left side view of the bucket. As shown in FIG. , A right side plate 12 and a back plate 13, and the front part and the bottom part 14 are open. Fork 17
Hydraulic cylinders 1 arranged on both left and right sides of bucket 15
By the expansion and contraction operation of 8, the lower plate 13 slides in and out of the bottom surface portion 14 from the lower edge portion. FIG. 5A is a plan view of a fork constituting the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4C is a sectional view taken along line A, and FIG. 5C is a partial front view of the fork. As shown in the figure, the fork 17 includes a plurality of claw members 16 and 26 arranged at regular intervals, And a back reinforcing plate 22 disposed at the rear of the pawl members 16 and 26, and the like. In the fork 17, the claw members 26 arranged on both right and left ends are plate-like in its entirety, and the tip portion has a pointed wedge shape. Is provided with a thick reinforcing portion 16a along its longitudinal direction, and the tip portion of the claw member 16 has a pointed wedge shape. The reinforcing portion 16a protrudes in a triangular shape from slightly behind the tip of the nail member 16, and is formed continuously in the form of a mountain range backward. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a unit frame and a side closing plate, FIG. 7 (a) is a plan view of the pallet, FIG. 7 (b) is a front view of the pallet, and FIG. FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the unit frame 30 is mounted in the bucket 15, integrated with the tree to be transplanted, excavated, and used for planting at the destination. The reinforcing member 32 is formed in a U shape so that it can be arranged along the inner surface of the bucket 15. Further, a side closing plate 31 for detachably closing the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is provided. The side closing plate 31 is attached and detached by engaging and disengaging a latch 31a with a hook 30c of the unit frame 30. When the unit frame 30 is used, as shown in FIG. 8, the open side portion is arranged in the bucket 15 with the front side facing forward. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the pallet 35 is formed by combining a plate member 36 and a reinforcing member 37, and is formed from the outer shape of the unit frame 30 so that the unit frame 30 can be placed thereon without protruding. Are also formed one size larger. As shown in FIG. 13, which will be described later, the unit frame 30 integrated with the tree to be transplanted is placed on a pallet 35, and the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is closed with the side closing plate 31 to be in a packed state. Therefore, it can be transported and relocated over long distances. Next, a transplanting operation using the tree transplanting machine 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 is a side view showing a state before digging a tree, FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state where digging is started, FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state where digging is completed, and FIG. 12 is a state where trees are planted. Side view,
FIG. 13 is a side view showing a packed state of trees. First, as shown in FIG. 9, before starting the digging operation, the front surface of the target tree 50 is dug down by 30 to 40 cm to form the stepped portion 51. The tree transplanting machine 10 is a heavy machine H in advance.
As shown in FIG. 8, the fork 17 is slid forward to be positioned on the bottom surface portion 14 of the bucket 15, and the unit frame 30 is mounted in the bucket 15. As shown in FIG. 10, at the start of excavation, the tree transplanter 1 is pressed by the pressing force of the work arm A of the heavy equipment H.
0 is inserted into the soil from the step 51 in front of the target tree 50. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the work arm A is operated, the tree transplanter 10 is lifted together with the target tree 50, and the tree transplanter 10 is cut off from the surrounding soil and excavated. At this time, the root portion of the target tree 50 is integrated with the unit frame 30, and the fall of the target tree 50 can be prevented by the fall prevention members 27 and 29. Then, as shown in FIG.
0 is transported to a predetermined planting place, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is contracted, the fork 17 is slid backward, the target tree 50 and the unit frame 30 are detached from the bucket 15, and then the working arm A is moved backward. The whole tree transplanter 10 is detached. Thereafter, if the unit frame 30 is removed from the target tree 50 and the root is buried with earth and sand, planting is completed. If the unit frame 30 is formed of a material that can be decomposed in soil such as wood, the unit frame 3
0 can be planted without removing it. On the other hand, when the target tree 50 is to be transported over a long distance, the dug target tree 50 is placed on the pallet 35 and the fork 17 is slid backward as shown in FIG. After the unit frame 30 is detached, the work arm A is moved rearward to move the tree transplanter 10.
Remove the whole. Then, the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is closed by the side closing plate 31, and the pallet 35 and the unit frame 30 are nailed with nails or the like to complete the packing. When planting the target tree 50 transported in the state shown in FIG.
If the unit frame 30 is removed, the unit frame 30 itself can be removed from the root part, so that it can be reused any number of times, which can contribute to resource conservation. No problem occurs even if 31 is formed. As described above, the use of the tree transplanter 10 allows the entire process from digging to planting the tree to be performed efficiently, without damaging the tree.
Excellent workability. The plurality of claws 16 forming the fork 17 are provided with reinforcing portions 16a, and the fork 17 is directly driven by the hydraulic cylinders 18 on the left and right side surfaces of the bucket 15 without a link mechanism or the like. In addition to exerting a strong digging force on the soil near the target tree 50, the dug target tree 50 can be stably held. The left and right side plates 11, 1 of the bucket 15
2, the side reinforcing plates 21 are attached to the left and right sides of the fork 17, so that the bucket 15 can be prevented from opening due to earth pressure or the like when the fork 17 is inserted into the soil. Since the side reinforcing plate 21 exerts a rib function, the holding force of the fork 17 is also strong. Furthermore, since the fall prevention members 27 and 29 are disposed substantially horizontally on the left and right side surfaces and the back surface of the bucket 15, the target tree 50 dug out and stored in the bucket 15 is inclined or collapsed. Can be prevented, the workability when transplanting a relatively tall tree can be improved, and damage to the tree can be prevented. The driving direction of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is the same as the direction in which the fork 17 is moved in and out, so that the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be driven without a complicated link mechanism or power transmission member.
8 can be efficiently transmitted to the fork 17 without waste, so that energy loss can be reduced. According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) A bucket having left and right side plates and a back plate and an open bottom surface, a fork having a plurality of claw members which can slide in and out of the bottom surface of the bucket from the back surface of the bucket, and a claw material By providing a thick reinforcing portion formed on a part of the bucket, and a driving unit arranged on the side surface of the bucket to directly drive and slide the fork,
After excavating and holding the tree to be transplanted, transporting it to the destination, and then sliding the fork backward, the held tree can be easily detached. It can be performed efficiently, without damaging the trees and has excellent workability. In addition, a reinforcing portion is formed on the plurality of claw members, and the fork is directly driven by a driving means on the side surface of the bucket without using a link mechanism or the like. It is possible to stably hold the excavated trees. (2) By attaching side reinforcing plates to the left and right side portions of the fork inside the left and right side plates of the bucket, the bucket is prevented from opening due to earth pressure or the like when the fork is inserted into the soil. In addition to these, the side reinforcing plates exert a rib function, and the fork holding force is increased. (3) The bucket is accommodated in a bucket by being provided with a fall prevention member which is supported by uprights provided on the left and right side portions of the bucket and is disposed substantially horizontally on the left and right side portions and the back portion of the bucket. Since the inclination and collapse of the tree can be prevented, the workability when transplanting a relatively tall tree can be improved, and the tree can be prevented from being damaged. (4) By making the driving direction of the driving means substantially the same as the fork insertion / removal direction, the driving force of the driving means can be efficiently and without waste through a complicated link mechanism or power transmission member. Energy loss can be reduced. (5) A U-shaped unit frame that can be mounted in the bucket and that can store the root of a tree dug by a fork, and a side closing plate that can be attached to and detached from the open side surface of the unit frame. By carrying out, the operations from excavation of the target tree to packing and planting can be performed collectively and efficiently, and the collapse of the root during transportation and transplantation can be prevented. In addition, the unit frame itself can be removed from the root by removing the side blocking plate during planting work, so it can be reused many times, contributing to resource conservation, and a synthetic resin material that does not decompose in the soil There is no problem even if the unit frame and the side closing plate are formed by using such as.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a left side view showing a state in which a tree transplanter according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 is mounted on heavy equipment. 2 (a) is a plan view showing a state where a fork of the tree transplanter of FIG. 1 is slid forward, and FIG. 2 (b) is a left side view of the tree transplanter. 3A is a plan view showing a state in which a fork of the tree transplanter of FIG. 1 is slid backward, and FIG. 3B is a left side view of the tree transplanter. 4A is a plan view of a bucket constituting the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a left side view of the bucket. 5A is a plan view of a fork included in the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5A, and FIG. It is a partial front view. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a unit frame and a side closing plate. FIG. 7A is a plan view of a pallet, and FIG. 7B is a front view of the pallet. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where the unit frame is mounted in the bucket. FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state before excavating a tree. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state where tree digging is started. FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state where tree excavation is completed. FIG. 12 is a side view showing a tree planting state. FIG. 13 is a side view showing a packed state of a tree. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tree transplanter 11 Left side plate 12 Right side plate 13 Back plate 14 Bottom part 15 Bucket 16, 26 Claw material 16a Reinforcement part 17 Fork 18 Hydraulic cylinder 19 Pin 20 Connection plate 21 Side reinforcement plate 22 Back reinforcement plate 24 Pin hole 25 Prop 27, 29 Falling prevention member 30 Unit frame 30a, 30b Plate 31 Side closing plate 31a Latch 32 Reinforcement 30c Hook 35 Pallet 36 Plate 37 Reinforcement 50 Target tree 51 Stepped portion H Heavy machine A Arm

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Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A tree transplanter used by being attached to a heavy machine or the like, comprising: a bucket having left and right side plates and a back plate with an open bottom surface; from a possible out to the slide-like to the bottom surface portion within the bucket tip
Min with a fork having a plurality of claw members having a shape pointed wedge, and a drive means for being located on the side portion of the front Symbol bucket slide by driving the fork directly, the full
The tip of the claw material placed on the other side of the fork
Protrude in a triangular shape from slightly behind the part, and
The reinforcement part with a thick wall that continues in the mountains
A tree transplanter characterized by the fact that it has been radiated .