WO2002022436A1 - Systeme d'entrainement - Google Patents

Systeme d'entrainement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002022436A1
WO2002022436A1 PCT/SI2001/000024 SI0100024W WO0222436A1 WO 2002022436 A1 WO2002022436 A1 WO 2002022436A1 SI 0100024 W SI0100024 W SI 0100024W WO 0222436 A1 WO0222436 A1 WO 0222436A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission means
articulated
surface transmission
smooth
longitudinally
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SI2001/000024
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Markovic
Original Assignee
Izumi, D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Izumi, D.O.O. filed Critical Izumi, D.O.O.
Priority to AU2001284630A priority Critical patent/AU2001284630A1/en
Publication of WO2002022436A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002022436A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/28—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of flexible drive members, e.g. chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K3/00—Bicycles
    • B62K3/002—Bicycles without a seat, i.e. the rider operating the vehicle in a standing position, e.g. non-motorized scooters; non-motorized scooters with skis or runners

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a drive system with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means for a foot-driven vehicle enabling the conversion of swinging motion into continuous rotation with a double-acting foot drive, preferably used with drive wheels of very small outer diameter.
  • the drive system is intended for the conversion of linear, up-down movement of pedals having a small, in vertical direction limited stroke, preferably controlled by the feet, into continuous rotary movement of a drive wheel.
  • the invention belongs to class B 62 M 1/14 of the International Patent Classification.
  • the technical problem which has been successfully solved by the drive system in accordance with the invention is to design such a drive for a foot-driven vehicle onto which an extremely small drive wheel is mounted because of other design and application requirements, the wheel having an outer diameter of less than 200 mm.
  • the system has to continuously provide for a much higher rotational speed than needed with wheels of a larger diameter, resulting - in known drive systems - in a disproportionate increase of drive loss, whereas the mechanism in accordance with the invention reduces the loss of energy at power transmission from the rider's feet into continuous rotation also by essentially reducing the sinusoidal loss typical of conversion of rotary movement of the rider's feet in a known bicycle drive.
  • the design solution of a drive system in accordance with the invention thus resolves the problem of designing such a continuous drive that would ensure the conversion of linear movement as well as two-way vertical movement of the rider's feet into continuous rotation without the rider's actual rotation of the feet, since - compared with the natural movements of a man walking - rotation of the feet is neither physiologically natural nor healthy.
  • the drive mechanism in accordance with the invention enables the rider to make driving movements which are almost identical to the trajectory of feet while walking, whereby the sinusoidal loss due to the direction of force of the rider's feet applied on the drive medium in relation with the eliminated rotation of feet, is essentially reduced or - in some possible embodiments - even negligible.
  • the drive mechanism in accordance with the invention also eliminates the energy loss which is caused by known transmission systems for transmission of force through linear moving transmission means, such as: a chain or a belt on a rotating medium such as a chain wheel or a belt pulley, since all known systems operate on the principle of eliminating the slide and attaining the highest possible friction between the two mechanical elements. Even if one excludes typical "frictional" transmissions, which operate on the principle of substantially increased friction between e.g. a flat belt and a smooth, cylindrically shaped belt pulley, and which can cause - during transmission of force - even more than 50 % of mechanical loss; measurements have shown that even chain drives, when used e.g.
  • the solution in accordance with the invention provides for the transformation of force produced by the rider's feet into the highest possible drive torque, which is only made possible by extending the length of the pedal or foot lever and by finding an adequate technical solution for transmission ratio to the drive wheel, it being a well known fact that, in a conventional pedal drive of a bicycle, the length of the pedal levers - because of their required rotation - is substantially limited, the size of the corresponding pedal's chain wheel is limited by the length of the pedal lever, whereas it is technically impossible to optionally reduce the dimensions of a substantially smaller driven chain wheel fixed to the drive wheel, which are defined by the characteristics of the chain; all this limits the increasing transmission ratio in known drive systems for foot drive of a vehicle, which should be - instead of the characteristic 3:1 between the pedal chain wheel and the driven chain wheel - 20:1 to achieve the same riding speed, when using a drive wheel of e.g. 100 mm diameter.
  • the drive system in accordance with the invention takes advantage of said "unwinding" effect of a smooth-surface band or rope from a disc or rope pulley to which the band or the steel rope is centrally fixed and then wound onto it, whereby the transmission of force operates at minimum or extremely low loss, since more than 97 % of the energy applied is used for rotation of the disc or rope pulley intended for the drive.
  • loss is extremely low and only refers to direct power input onto the drive wheel.
  • the design solution of the new drive mechanism in accordance with the invention provides an energy-efficient drive system for foot drive with an extremely small drive wheel, preferably with an outer diameter of not more than 45 - 150 mm, which is easy to manufacture and convenient to install and use in new devices, whose control system would be similar to that of a pedal-driven skateboard or scooter.
  • the invention is presented in four embodiments and in several variants for application in various vehicles driven by the rider's muscular power using different articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means such as: steel ropes, plastic-coated steel ropes, steel bands (of similar form and quality as a steel measuring band), plastic bands (of polypropylene or similar materials), plastified or rubber-coated steel bands, smooth, rubber-coated textile tapes, etc.
  • Figures 1, 1 A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment I, in cross-section, fitted with two winding discs and steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 2, 2A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment II, in cross-section, fitted with two winding discs and steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 3, 3A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment II, in cross-section, fitted with two spiral-type rope pulleys and steel ropes in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 4, 4A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment II, in cross-section, fitted with two winding discs and plastified steel ropes in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 5, 5A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment III, in cross-section, fitted with two vertical and two horizontal spiral-type rope pulleys and an intermediate steel rope for simultaneous raising of the opposite pedal, and with steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 6, 6A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment III, in cross-section, fitted with four spiral-type rope pulleys and an intermediate steel rope for simultaneous raising of the opposite pedal, and with steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 7, 7A represent the driven end of a drive system in accordance with embodiment IV, in cross-section, fitted with two double and two single discs equipped with steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth-surface and articulated bands, and a drawing of winding/unwinding of the transmission means during application of driving force, respectively;
  • Figures 8 - 15A represent variant solutions of single, double or multiple stretching or pulling of transmission means, with presented left-hand drive pedal - in a simple, single way (Figure 8), with disc-type transmission ratio (Figures 12 to 13A), in a bending way ( Figures 14 and 14A), and in a bending/lever way ( Figures 15 and
  • Figures 16 - 30 represent a drive system with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means, used and mounted on a vehicle whose control is similar to that of a normal skateboard, except that a drive is added, a foot drive of a device whose control is similar to that of a scooter, and a foot drive of a device whose control is similar to that of a mini bicycle onto which a collapsible seat can be mounted, respectively.
  • two one-way rotation locks are used in all embodiments, preferably products of the company INA (FRG), and preferably the types HFL1626 or HFL
  • a turning system which provides for rewinding of transmission means (band or rope) onto a winding disc or a rope pulley, and consequently, simultaneous raising of the opposite pedal, can be mounted inside the drive wheel, as shown in embodiments I and II, or outside the drive wheel, as shown in embodiments II and IV.
  • Figure 1 represents embodiment I of a drive system with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means fitted with a turning system for rewinding the band onto a winding disc which is mounted inside the drive wheel.
  • gear wheel 4' With the inner toothing of gear wheel 4' being made or inseparably linked with housing 10 of the driven wheel, the whole gear assembly resembling a planet reduction gear, whereby it is necessary to use a very typical proportional number of gear teeth in order to achieve the same and symmetrical number of rotations in relation between gear wheel 4', which should preferably have 50 teeth of the 1.5 or 1 mm module, and gear wheel 4, which should have 30 teeth of the same module.
  • Two or four identical double gear wheels 5 and 5' should have 12/8 teeth with the same module.
  • the gear locks shown in the relevant Figure are different, preferably HFL 2026 and HFL 3530, which provides for a several times higher operational safety, and above all for narrowing the entire structure and incorporation of a stronger and unilaterally clamped main central axle 1.
  • all mechanical elements are presented in a real or applicable proportion.
  • this drawing also shows several standard, axial, radial bearings 29, and only axial, slide bearings 30, preferably manufactured by INA, FRG.
  • a speciality, which is necessary to understand the operation of this part of device in accordance with embodiment I, lies in that both articulated and smooth-surface transmission means 19,19', which are fixed to driven discs 18, 18', are wound on them in opposite directions.
  • the means 19 unwinds and rotates the disc anti-clockwise, whereas the means 19' unwinds and rotates the disc clockwise.
  • Spiral-type rope pulleys 15 or disc-type rope pulleys 16 and the corresponding steel ropes or plastified steel ropes or other ropes, bands or adequate articulated means can be used instead of discs 18, 18" and in terms of articulated and smooth-surface transmission means of pulling bands 19, 19' shown in the drawing.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent embodiment II of a drive system with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means in which gear wheels 4 and 4' are preferably identical, both with incorporated or fixed, undetachably mounted cylindrical axles 6, 6', on which two one-way bearing locks are placed, preferably of the type INA HFL 1626. Both locks in this embodiment are facing the same direction, thus ensuring, at alternate pulling of articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means 19, 19', idle run forward and drive of the entire housing 10 of the driven wheel.
  • Figures 3 and 4 represent an identical embodiment using technically different articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means and driven discs.
  • Figures 8 to 15A represent variant solutions of single, double or multiple stretching or pulling of transmission means by the presented left- hand drive pedal, in a simple, single way (Figure 8), through disc transmission ratio with one larger and one smaller disc joined together in a technical whole 22 ( Figures 12 to 13A), and with a bending lever ( Figures 15 and 15A), respectively. All the above mentioned Figures present two pedal levers with pedals facing the riding direction. Identical effects can also be achieved through their mirror positioning, and especially by combining the presented variant solutions.
  • Figures 17 to 23 represent variant solutions of the system's drive part with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means on a new device fitted with a control typical for a conventional skateboard.
  • a joined drive pedal 25'" can be carried out as a centrally borne, and with regard to the riding direction, longitudinally swinging board without the addition of angle-limited pedals 26, 26', which is separately shown in Figure 21.
  • the drive of such device mast be carried out with the rider's feet standing apart, longitudinally and facing the riding direction, whereas control is performed by leaning the body's centre of gravity in the desired riding direction.
  • FIGS 20 and 21 represent alternative and possible versions of the drive part of the new device with the new drive system in accordance with the invention, to which a normal or lengthways adjustable friction brake 27 is added, which is activated by the rider turning in reverse the rear drive pedal, when this is in a suitable distance from rubber 11 of the driven wheel, or directly on the board of pedal 25'", when this is within a reaching distance of the driven wheel.
  • Figure 22 also represents an auxiliary control bar, which can be designed to be easily removed in the axis, and can help beginners using the new device to master the riding technique and hold balance.
  • auxiliary control bar which can be designed to be easily removed in the axis, and can help beginners using the new device to master the riding technique and hold balance.
  • FIGs 22 and 23 On the same basis as presented above it is possible to make a combined device, as shown in Figures 22 and 23, where the user can change the complete control system, by completely removing the double front wheels with the auxiliary control bar, as shown in Figure 22, and mounting a single control wheel on the vehicle, as shown in Figure 23.
  • a compensation fixation spring 32 which can, at a relatively small and limited stretch, protect the articulated and longitudinally smooth- surface transmission means against peak loads, and compensate for minor differences in length that could arise between the lengths of transmission means during the unwinding of the one and winding of the other.
  • the drive system with articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means as presented in Figures 16-23 can also be mounted on a vehicle by cross positioning joined pedal 25'" in relation to the riding direction of the vehicle, preferably by using steel ropes as transmission means or by using combined and technically different transmission means applied directly to the system of pedals 25, 25', 25'".
  • Figure 24 represents a possible execution of a drive system in accordance with the invention with pedals facing the front, which is typical for a bicycle drive, and with double discs or rope pulleys 22 for additional increase of the length of effective pulling.
  • Figure 25 represents one of typical possible designs of a new drive system in accordance with the invention having two disks or rope pulleys 21 of different sizes for pushing and pulling the transmission means, which provides for special pulling effects.
  • Figures 26-29 represent possible pulling effects in a parallelogram arrangement of pedals in raised and lowered position, where two gear levers 34, 34' are added to pedals 26, 26', which when turned, provide for an essentially changed lever ratio in relation to the torque caused by the rider pressing on the pedal, and effective pulling length of the articulated and longitudinally smooth-surface transmission means 19, 19'.
  • the presented drive system could be appropriate for incorporation in a vehicle that can be ridden and driven in a standing position, or - by adding a preferably collapsible seat - in a sitting position.
  • Figure 30 represents an alternative execution of a drive system in accordance with the invention with an incorporated lever system for lengthening or shortening the part of active movement of drive pedal 23, 23' in relation to the effective length of pulling the transmission means.
  • Rotary and longitudinally transmittable clampings 35, 35' of levers 23, 23" to levers 23", 23"' can in a known way be fixed at optional points of levers 23", 23'", whereby the effective lengths of movement of discs and rope pulleys 21', 21' are essentially changed, and as a result, the complete transmission ratio of the drive is changed.
  • the presented system can also be carried out in the form of a driving or working gearbox.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'entraînement équipé d'une transmission articulée à surface lisse longitudinalement, pour véhicule à motricité commandée au pied, qui permet de convertir un mouvement d'oscillation en rotation continue par le biais d'un entraînement au pied à double action, de préférence avec un train de roues ayant un très faible diamètre externe. L'invention est présentée sous quatre variantes et plusieurs scénarios d'application à divers véhicules entraînés par la force musculaire de l'utilisateur. On utilise différentes transmissions du type susmentionné (19, 19'), à savoir par exemple: cordes en acier, cordes en acier revêtues de plastique, bandes en acier (de forme identique à celle d'une bande de mesure en acier), bandes en plastique (polypropylène ou matériaux similaires), bandes en acier revêtues de plastique, bandes en textile revêtues de caoutchouc, etc.
PCT/SI2001/000024 2000-09-12 2001-09-12 Systeme d'entrainement WO2002022436A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001284630A AU2001284630A1 (en) 2000-09-12 2001-09-12 Drive system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SIP-200000224 2000-09-12
SI200000224A SI20686A (sl) 2000-09-12 2000-09-12 Pogonski sistem s pregibnimi in vzdolžno gladkimi prenosnimi sredstvi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002022436A1 true WO2002022436A1 (fr) 2002-03-21

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ID=20432722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SI2001/000024 WO2002022436A1 (fr) 2000-09-12 2001-09-12 Systeme d'entrainement

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU2001284630A1 (fr)
SI (1) SI20686A (fr)
WO (1) WO2002022436A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10131288A1 (de) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Thomas Mueller Antriebsvorrichtung
FR2878815A1 (fr) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-09 Raymond Roger Pierre Laurent Mecanisme a courroie transformant un mouvement alternatif obtenu par l'action des pieds ou des mains d'un utilisateur, en rotation continue
WO2018191359A1 (fr) * 2017-04-11 2018-10-18 Felker Thomas S Système de propulsion de bicyclette à double source d'energie à chemin de direction, crémaillère, pignon et palier unidirectionnel
US10882585B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2021-01-05 Thomas S. Felker Bicycle dual power turning track, rack, pinion, and one-way bearing propulsion system
US11013955B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2021-05-25 Thomas S. Felker Tri-power exercising device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1653889A (en) * 1926-11-27 1927-12-27 Emery E Clark Power-actuating means for tricycles and the like
DE2511663A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Imre Dipl Ing Szasz Trethebelfahrzeug
US4186934A (en) * 1978-09-27 1980-02-05 Collings Thomas J Scooter vehicle
US4846488A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-07-11 Andrzej Szadkowski Spring drive and spring drive scooter
US5520401A (en) * 1994-09-01 1996-05-28 Mohseni; Abbas Z. Step drive cycle
NL1005416C1 (nl) * 1997-03-03 1998-09-07 Elisa Johanna Agnes Maria Heef Draagbare opvouwbare fiets waarop de fietser staat.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1653889A (en) * 1926-11-27 1927-12-27 Emery E Clark Power-actuating means for tricycles and the like
DE2511663A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Imre Dipl Ing Szasz Trethebelfahrzeug
US4186934A (en) * 1978-09-27 1980-02-05 Collings Thomas J Scooter vehicle
US4846488A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-07-11 Andrzej Szadkowski Spring drive and spring drive scooter
US5520401A (en) * 1994-09-01 1996-05-28 Mohseni; Abbas Z. Step drive cycle
NL1005416C1 (nl) * 1997-03-03 1998-09-07 Elisa Johanna Agnes Maria Heef Draagbare opvouwbare fiets waarop de fietser staat.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10131288A1 (de) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Thomas Mueller Antriebsvorrichtung
FR2878815A1 (fr) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-09 Raymond Roger Pierre Laurent Mecanisme a courroie transformant un mouvement alternatif obtenu par l'action des pieds ou des mains d'un utilisateur, en rotation continue
US10882585B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2021-01-05 Thomas S. Felker Bicycle dual power turning track, rack, pinion, and one-way bearing propulsion system
US11013955B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2021-05-25 Thomas S. Felker Tri-power exercising device
WO2018191359A1 (fr) * 2017-04-11 2018-10-18 Felker Thomas S Système de propulsion de bicyclette à double source d'energie à chemin de direction, crémaillère, pignon et palier unidirectionnel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001284630A1 (en) 2002-03-26
SI20686A (sl) 2002-04-30

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