WO2001098549A1 - Procede de production et de distribution d'un alliage en aluminium et dispositif de production dudit alliage - Google Patents

Procede de production et de distribution d'un alliage en aluminium et dispositif de production dudit alliage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001098549A1
WO2001098549A1 PCT/JP2001/005374 JP0105374W WO0198549A1 WO 2001098549 A1 WO2001098549 A1 WO 2001098549A1 JP 0105374 W JP0105374 W JP 0105374W WO 0198549 A1 WO0198549 A1 WO 0198549A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
temperature
present
aluminum alloy
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2001/005374
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toru Kodama
Tsuyoshi Abe
Original Assignee
Hoei Shokai Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoei Shokai Co., Ltd filed Critical Hoei Shokai Co., Ltd
Priority to AU2001274595A priority Critical patent/AU2001274595A1/en
Publication of WO2001098549A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001098549A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/04—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/12—Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to techniques for melting, holding, delivering, processing, or reusing metal.
  • the present invention relates to a technique for improving the productivity and the quality of the production of metal products.
  • the present invention relates to a technique for reducing energy costs in a metal product manufacturing process.
  • the present invention relates to a container for holding a metal. Background art
  • Aluminum is light and easy to work with, so it is often used as a metal material in place of iron.
  • light alloys such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and titanium alloys have come to be used frequently because there is a great demand for reducing the weight of vehicles in order to improve fuel efficiency.
  • These metallic materials have problems such as being more expensive than iron and having difficulty in adjusting the composition.
  • beryllium is an extremely toxic element.
  • inhaling the oxide has a bad effect on the human body.
  • verilyme is being diffused into the environment through its manufacturing processes and its inclusion in products.
  • the use of such harmful substances poses a major problem from the viewpoint of worker safety and environmental protection.
  • a molding technique using a die cast using a light metal such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy is known.
  • molten metal is injected into a mold and formed into a predetermined shape.
  • Oxides such as oxide films are generated at each stage of metal melting, holding, delivery, pouring, processing, etc., reducing productivity and quality. Disclosure of the invention
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a supply device capable of supplying a metal with high quality and high productivity.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for increasing the productivity of metal products such as melting, holding, delivery, processing, or reuse of metals, and improving the quality of the products while improving the productivity.
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce energy costs in a manufacturing process of a metal product.
  • Various types of aluminum alloys are used depending on the application, and the concentration range of the metals contained in each type is standardized. For example, aluminum alloys such as ADC-10 and ADC-12 are generally used for die casting.
  • Aluminum alloy ingots available on the market can be used for die casting due to the large variation in the types and concentrations of metals contained. In such cases, adjustment of the components is essential. Ingots that require a lot of time to adjust the components are relatively inexpensive, and components that do not need to be adjusted or simple ingots are relatively expensive. For example, ingots with zinc and magnesium concentrations higher than the standard are cheaper, but the high-purity ingots required to dilute them are expensive. For example, if the Zn concentration is too high, it is necessary to dilute, and if the Si concentration is too low, it is necessary to add Si. In order to dilute Zn, for example, it is necessary to use a high-purity (high A1 concentration) ingot.
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and therefore, the present invention employs a configuration as described below.
  • the components of the present invention described below can be combined with each other.
  • a method for producing an aluminum alloy according to the present invention includes: a step of heating an aluminum alloy containing a first metal; and a step of evaporating at least a part of the first metal in a reduced-pressure space.
  • the first metal may include, for example, at least one selected from L i, N a, K, R b, B e, M g, C a, Z n, B i, P b, S n, and P b Elements can be given.
  • inexpensive aluminum ingots often have higher concentrations of Zn, Mg, Fe, etc. than necessary.
  • the first metal is separated from the ingot by evaporating the first metal in the reduced pressure space.
  • the first metal has a plurality of elements, these elements may be evaporated in the same step or in multiple steps. From the viewpoint of efficiently separating a plurality of elements, it is preferable to evaporate from an element having a small ionization energy.
  • the aluminum alloy After evaporating the first metal, the aluminum alloy may be melted. No. Since the ingot is heated to evaporate the first metal, it is advantageous to transfer the ingot to the melting process without cooling as much as possible in terms of energy saving. For example, if a device for evaporating the first metal is attached to or adjacent to a melting furnace (including a holding furnace, the same applies hereinafter), it is possible to put the ingot into the melting furnace while it is hot. A similar effect can be obtained by keeping the aluminum alloy warm or suppressing the cooling of the aluminum alloy after the first metal is evaporated and before the aluminum alloy is melted.
  • the present inventors have demonstrated that zinc and magnesium can be separated by keeping an ingot having a zinc and magnesium concentration higher than the specification of ADC-12 at a high temperature in a vacuum.
  • the present invention is based on this finding.
  • the first metal can be separated by first dissolving the ingot and then reducing the pressure of the system. Although the separation efficiency is high with this method, handling of the aluminum melt and maintenance of the equipment are more difficult than with the ingot. It is easier to handle and maintain the equipment if the first metal is separated from the ingot. In the latter, the step of evaporating the first metal is performed at a temperature lower than a temperature at which the aluminum alloy melts (completely).
  • the first metal is heated to a temperature at which the aluminum alloy is in a semi-molten state and separated in this state.
  • the semi-molten state is a temperature near the melting point of an ingot of a predetermined composition, but refers to a state in which the ingot shape is maintained as a whole. Small-scale deformation of the ingot and partial melting can occur even in a semi-molten state.
  • the temperature corresponding to such a state slightly changes depending on the composition of the ingot, it was realized by maintaining the heating temperature at about 650 ° C or more, more preferably at about 620 ° C or more. .
  • the first metal evaporated in the reduced pressure space is preferably collected in a predetermined place, for example, in a condenser provided in an exhaust system. Temperature distribution in condenser If a plurality of elements are provided or a plurality of condensers are used by switching, a plurality of elements can be selectively condensed and recovered.
  • the productivity of an aluminum alloy that can be used for die casting of an aluminum alloy can be improved. That is, the present invention provides a step of heating a first aluminum alloy containing a first metal at a first concentration, evaporating at least a part of the first metal in a reduced-pressure space, Producing a second aluminum alloy containing the second metal at a second concentration lower than the first concentration; melting the second aluminum alloy; and A process in which the molten material is stored in a ladle and transported to a point of use.
  • the use point such as a factory for manufacturing die cast products, while melting, energy and labor required for remelting the ingot can be reduced, and productivity can be improved. If the melted aluminum alloy is cooled once to form an ingot, transported and then melted again, the energy required for heating doubles.
  • An apparatus for manufacturing an aluminum alloy according to the present invention includes: a melting furnace capable of holding aluminum melted or melted; and a heating furnace configured to heat a first aluminum alloy containing a first metal at a first concentration.
  • a decompression chamber for producing a second aluminum alloy to be contained, a purge chamber interposed between the melting furnace and the decompression chamber, and a unit for charging the second aluminum alloy into the melting furnace. , Are provided. For vacuum equipment, continuous processing is more productive than batch processing.
  • the gas used to preheat the ingot in the purge chamber or to restore the pressure in the purge chamber may be heated by the heat of the melting furnace.
  • the gas in the melting furnace such as the upper part of the molten aluminum, has a high temperature. If this gas is circulated to the purge chamber to preheat the ingot, or if it is used as a purge gas for pressure recovery, the productivity is improved.
  • the evaporated element can be recovered in a metal state.
  • Elements condensed from the gas phase have a large surface area to mass and often have an excess of surface free energy. If the substance is taken out into the air in this state, it may ignite. Therefore, it is preferable that the substance is cooled sufficiently with a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen or that the substance is once melted to reduce the specific surface area before being taken out.
  • the supply device of the present invention includes: an airtight region; a unit for supplying a metal into the airtight region; a unit for receiving the supplied metal in the airtight region; and adjusting an oxygen concentration in the airtight region. Means for performing the following.
  • the supply device of the present invention includes: a furnace capable of holding, keeping or heating the molten metal; a pipe for guiding the molten metal to an airtight chamber; and a means for adjusting an oxygen concentration in the furnace and the airtight chamber. Means for adjusting the difference between the pressure of the furnace and the pressure of the hermetic chamber.
  • the supply device of the present invention includes: a furnace capable of holding, keeping or heating the molten metal, a pipe for guiding the molten metal to the hermetic chamber, and a pressure in the furnace and a pressure relative to the pressure in the hermetic chamber. Means for adjusting the height to be higher and sending the molten metal to a point of use.
  • the apparatus may further include means for adjusting the pressure in the furnace to be relatively lower than the pressure of the single point and returning the molten metal to the furnace.
  • the oxygen concentration or oxygen activity is controlled in an airtight region.
  • the method for producing a metal product of the present invention includes a step of supplying a molten metal in an airtight region in which the oxygen concentration is controlled, and a step of forming the supplied metal.
  • the adjustment of the oxygen concentration or the oxygen activity is performed so as to suppress the oxidation of the metal.
  • This oxygen concentration can be adjusted not only by adjusting the partial pressure of oxygen but also by adjusting the total pressure.
  • the temperature may be adjusted including the temperature.
  • oxygen concentration includes the concept of oxygen activity.
  • the metal is supplied to the use points in the hermetic zone while the oxidation is suppressed.
  • the metal supplied here is, for example, a metal in a molten state or a metal powder (including fine particles and ultrafine particles, the same shall apply hereinafter).
  • the composition of the metal may be a single element or an alloy.
  • the means for adjusting the oxygen concentration includes, for example, an exhaust system and a non-oxidizing gas introduction system. These may be provided in combination or may be provided with a plurality of systems.
  • Exhaust systems include exhaust blowers and various vacuum pumps (for example, liquid-sealed pumps such as one-stop pumps, mechanical booster pumps, water-sealed pumps, oil diffusion pumps, turbo molecular pumps, ion pumps, and cryogenic pumps. Pumps, etc.) as necessary or in combination.
  • a vacuum gauge vacuum gauge may be provided if necessary.
  • Non-oxidizing gases include noble gases, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, and the like. These gases may be selected according to the properties of the metal. Non-oxidizing gases may be used in combination.
  • the supply device of the present invention it is possible to supply metal to use points in the hermetic region while suppressing metal oxidation. For this reason, the production amount of oxides such as oxide films and slag can be suppressed to an extremely low level, and productivity can be improved.
  • metals with low free energy of formation and high reactivity such as magnesium, calcium, and titanium, have a problem that they are easily oxidized in the process of melting, holding, distributing hot water, pouring, and forming. The same applies to metals such as powders, which have excess free energy on the surface. These metals are not only susceptible to oxidation, but are also at risk of ignition. According to the present invention, such a metal can be supplied safely.
  • the metal die-casting when the metal is oxidized when the molten metal is fed to the die-casting equipment, the strength, accuracy and appearance of the product are impaired. This is remarkable in metals that are easily oxidized and difficult to process, such as magnesium alloys. This is partly due to the mixing of the oxide of the molten metal before it is supplied to the cavity. According to the present invention, the oxidation of the metal is supplied to the die casting apparatus in a suppressed state, so that the quality of the product is improved. This effect is further enhanced by controlling the oxygen activity in the flow space of the molten metal including the cavity as described later.
  • a flame retardant such as beryllium may be added for flame prevention.
  • Beryllium is not only known for its low elemental abundance, but it is also a very toxic element.
  • inhalation of oxides has an adverse effect on the human body, such as impairing the respiratory tract.
  • beryllium is now being diffused into the environment through its manufacturing processes and its inclusion in products (note also after the product is turned into waste).
  • the use of such hazardous substances poses a major problem from the viewpoint of worker safety and environmental protection. According to the present invention, since it is not necessary to use such harmful flameproof gas, the safety of workers can be ensured, and harmful substances can be prevented from diffusing into the environment.
  • the container of the present invention will be described.
  • the container is used fixedly (for example, in a melting furnace for molten metal, holding furnace, etc.)
  • the The combination eg, ladle
  • the container is used fixedly (for example, in a melting furnace for molten metal, holding furnace, etc.)
  • the The combination eg, ladle
  • the container of the present invention includes a frame that forms an airtight region, a heat insulating material disposed inside the frame, and at least one pipe penetrating the frame and the heat insulating material. It was done.
  • the present invention also provides a container capable of holding a molten metal, comprising: means for pressurizing the inside of the furnace; and means for reducing the pressure inside the furnace.
  • the frame forms a closed space which is an airtight area inside. It also plays a role in maintaining the strength of the entire container and protecting the insulation from outside.
  • the frame can be made of various metal materials, and the material may be appropriately selected according to the use of the container. This selection is preferably made in consideration of the physical and chemical properties of the contents contained in the container. For example, choose to ensure that the frame does not melt or crack due to heat in the contents or chemical reaction with the contents, even if the insulation breaks. The same applies to the heat insulating material. For example, various heat-resistant bricks are selected according to the use of the container.
  • the pipes provide access between the outside and the internal space of the frame.
  • the pipes may be provided in plurals. For example, by connecting an exhaust system to these pipes to increase or decrease the pressure inside, It is possible to control the pressure, oxygen concentration, and oxygen activity in the hermetic zone, and to supply a non-oxidizing gas to the inside by connecting a non-oxidizing gas introduction system to this pipe, for example.
  • a fluid (molten metal or powder) can be pressure-fed or sucked from the container by such reduced pressure and increased pressure.
  • a fluid molten metal or powder
  • the contents are assumed to be molten metal.
  • a non-oxidizing gas is introduced from the first pipe to pressurize the hermetic region, a force for pushing the molten metal to the outside through the second pipe acts.
  • the first pipe is connected to the exhaust system to reduce the pressure in the hermetic zone, the molten metal will be absorbed from the outside through the second pipe. Can be pulled.
  • the pipes are heated as needed, such as with heat.
  • the temperature is preferably set to be higher than the melting point of the contents flowing through the pipe.c
  • the exhaust system and the non-oxidizing gas supply system not only move the molten metal and powder, but also the oxygen concentration in the system. Can also be controlled.
  • one of the major features of the present invention is that the generation of a pressure difference including a reduced pressure state contributes to both mass transfer of molten metal and powder and prevention of oxidation. You.
  • degassing of the dissolved gas in the molten metal can be performed.
  • oxides adhere to the pipe and the pipe becomes clogged.
  • the present invention not only the oxygen concentration in the pipe can be controlled but also the content in the pipe can be prevented from remaining, so that such a clogging problem can be solved.
  • the container of the present invention may have a mode further provided with means for measuring the temperature in the hermetic zone, and means for adjusting the pressure in the frame in accordance with the measured temperature.
  • the heat resistance of heat-resistant materials such as heat-resistant bricks deteriorates over time.
  • the temperature of the molten metal may differ depending on the individual differences in the ladles. Occasionally, the temperature of the molten metal may drop to a level that does not meet the user's requirements.
  • the container of the present invention employs a configuration in which the temperature of the airtight region or the molten metal is measured, and the pressure in the frame is controlled based on the measured temperature.
  • the thermal conductivity in the system is controlled by the pressure.
  • the inside of the frame is depressurized by an exhaust system to suppress the internal thermal conductivity to a small extent.
  • the temperature of the molten metal can be maintained regardless of a decrease in the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material.
  • the temperature difference between the contents of the plurality of containers can be reduced.
  • oxidation of the molten metal can be prevented.
  • Pressure control can be performed not by the temperature itself but by the rate of temperature change (eg, differential value). The temperature of the molten metal can be more accurately controlled.
  • the present invention provides a container capable of delivering molten metal, a frame having an inner surface lined with a heat insulating material, a heater disposed inside the heat insulating material, and a means for measuring a temperature of the molten metal, Means for controlling the heat according to the measured temperature.
  • the container of the present invention has a configuration in which the pressure in the container is controlled in accordance with the measured temperature and temperature change, as well as a configuration in which the temperature of the heater disposed in the container is controlled in accordance with the measured temperature and temperature change. Is also good.
  • the airtightness of the frame does not matter.
  • a heater for example, there is a configuration in which a resistor wiring is exposed inside a heat insulating material.
  • various types of heaters such as Shizuhi overnight and radiant tubes may be used. It measures the temperature in the container or the temperature of the contents, or changes in temperature, and controls the amount of energy (electric power, gas) supplied to the heater or heater according to the measured value. As a result, the temperature of the molten metal can be maintained regardless of a decrease in the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material. The temperature difference between the contents of the plurality of containers can be reduced. Further, with such a configuration, the temperature of the contents of the container can be accurately controlled. Furthermore, the structure of the container of the present invention can be combined with the structure of each container of the present invention described above.
  • the molding apparatus includes: a unit configured to form a metal supplied to a use point; an airtight chamber disposed so as to surround the use point; and a unit configured to adjust an oxygen concentration in the airtight room. Things.
  • the molding apparatus of the present invention includes, for example, injection molding, in which molten metal supplied to a point of use is extruded into a space between a core type (oss type) and a cavity type (female type), and compression molding, extrusion molding. It can be applied to various molding apparatuses such as blow molding.
  • the metal to be formed is supplied to the use point in a state where the oxygen concentration is adjusted (including the pressure reduction).
  • the above-described supply device or container of the present invention can be used.
  • metal is oxidized and ignited when the metal is supplied to the equipment, impairing the strength, accuracy and appearance of the product. This is remarkable in metals that are easily oxidized and difficult to process, such as magnesium alloys.
  • ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since the oxidation of a metal is supplied to a shaping
  • a valve and an exhaust system or a non-oxidizing gas supply system may be provided on the opposite side of the molten metal flow space from the use point to adjust the relative pressure difference and the oxygen concentration between the use point and the use point.
  • the processing system of the present invention is a processing system for processing a processing target object containing an organic substance and an inorganic substance, in which the processing target object can be accommodated and the internal temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration can be adjusted.
  • the above-described supply device of the present invention can be employed.
  • it may be further provided with: a purge region which is arranged adjacent to the airtight region and is accessible from the outside; and means for sending the melt derived from the inorganic substance from the airtight region to the purge region.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a supply device and a molding device of the present invention. You.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the supply device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the melting furnace of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • 5 c 6 is a diagram showing an example of a joint that can be used to connect the pipe is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing another example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of a metal delivery model using a supply device and a container according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the processing system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the processing system of the present invention (
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an aluminum alloy producing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a supply system from the melting furnace to the container according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing the processing temperature and the concentration (% by weight) of each component in the aluminum ingot.
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the processing temperature and the concentration (% by weight) of each component in the aluminum ingot.
  • Figure 15 is a graph showing the change in the concentration of each component in aluminum ingot.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the processing time and the change in the concentration of each component in the ingot.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the processing time and the change in the concentration of each component in the ingot.
  • FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the treatment time and the concentration of zinc.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph showing the relationship between the treatment time and the concentration of zinc.
  • FIG. 21 is a graph showing a vapor pressure curve of the Zn element.
  • FIG. 22 is a graph showing the vapor pressure curve of the Mg element.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a supply device and a molding device of the present invention.
  • the present invention is applied to die casting of a magnesium alloy.
  • the holding furnace 20 is a furnace for holding a molten metal (molten metal).
  • the material of the chamber 20a of the holding furnace 20 is 18-8 stainless steel, and further, the inside is subjected to an armor treatment with a FC plate.
  • the holding furnace 20 contains the molten magnesium alloy 1. In this holding furnace, the melting temperature is maintained by heating.
  • the holding furnace 20 is connected to an exhaust system 21 for exhausting the inside and a non-oxidizing gas introducing system 22 for supplying a non-oxidizing gas.
  • 2 2 b is the gas reservoir.
  • the exhaust system 21 has at least one vacuum pump 21b.
  • the non-oxidizing gas introduction system 22 also has a function of pressurizing the inside of the holding furnace 20.
  • the holding furnace 20 is provided with a pressure sensor (G) 23 for measuring the internal pressure and a temperature sensor 24 for measuring the temperature of the molten metal.
  • the pressure sensor 23 is selected and used according to the pressure range to be used, such as a Bourdon gauge, a villa 21 gauge, and a BA gauge.
  • a thermocouple, a radiation thermometer, or the like can be used as the temperature sensor 24 .
  • the purge chamber 30 In the purge chamber 30, delivery of the molten metal is performed.
  • This purge chamber 30 The inside can be kept airtight.
  • the purge chamber 30 is connected to an exhaust system 31 for exhausting the inside and a non-oxidizing gas introduction system 32 for supplying a non-oxidizing gas.
  • the exhaust system 31 has at least one vacuum pump 31b.
  • the non-oxidizing gas introduction system 32 also has a function of pressurizing the interior of the purge chamber 30.
  • 32b is the gas reservoir.
  • the purge chamber 30 is provided with a pressure sensor (G) 33 for measuring the internal pressure.
  • the holding furnace 20 and the purge chamber 30 are connected by a pipe 40 and a bypass pipe 42. 43 is a bypass valve.
  • a heater 41 such as a resistor is wound around the pipe 40. The heater 41 keeps the temperature inside the pipe at a temperature at which the magnesium alloy melts.
  • An opening or a valve may be provided in a portion of the pipe 40 exposed above the liquid level of the holding furnace 20. Thereby, the efficiency of sucking the alloy into the holding furnace 20 is improved.
  • the oxygen concentration in the system is adjusted so that oxidation of the metal is suppressed. Therefore, the metal is safely supplied to the use point in the purge chamber 30 without burning or explosion. Further, since the oxidation of the metal is suppressed, the formation of oxide is also suppressed, or the metal is not oxidized at all. Therefore, it is possible to supply a high-quality metal having a clean surface and no oxide. Further, in the present invention, since the oxygen concentration in the system is controlled so as to suppress the oxidation of metal, it is not necessary to add a harmful flame retardant such as beryllium. Therefore work environment Also improve. No harmful substances are contained in products, remnants (such as burrs), and waste (product waste or defective products). For this reason, harmful substances can be prevented from diffusing into the environment.
  • the purge chamber 30 also serves as a supply point (use point) for the molten metal of the die casting device 50.
  • the opening chamber 51 of the die casting device 50 is provided so as to protrude into the purge chamber 30.
  • the mouth chamber 51 and the purge chamber 30 are hermetically sealed by welding or the like.
  • the loading chamber 51 has an opening from which molten metal (in this case, magnesium alloy 1) is supplied.
  • the supplied metal is supplied to the mold side by the injection cylinder 152.
  • the loading chamber 51 is kept warm by night 53.
  • the mold 54a is a cavity mold and the mold 54b is a core mold, and the metal supplied in the space therebetween is formed into a predetermined shape.
  • the molds 54a and 54b are sandwiched between the mold clamping mechanisms 55a (fixed side) and 55b (moving side).
  • the mold clamping mechanism 55b on the moving side can be pressurized by a hydraulic cylinder 57.
  • the supplied metal is not oxidized at the use point. Therefore, high-quality products can be obtained without oxides being mixed into the products. The accuracy is further improved, and the effect is remarkable especially for thin molded products. Also, the appearance is improved without darkening of the product.
  • waste generated during the manufacturing process and waste generated after product use contains harmful beryllium.
  • Magnesium alloy finger on dangerous goods It is also specified. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since the amount of waste can be reduced and a harmful substance becomes unnecessary, the disposal cost of waste can also be reduced. Furthermore, if the container of the present invention is used, a magnesium alloy as a dangerous substance can be safely transported.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the supply device of the present invention.
  • a configuration in which a melting furnace 10 is provided in a stage preceding the holding furnace 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 will be described.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the melting furnace of the present invention.
  • the melting furnace 10 is a furnace for melting a metal in a solid state.
  • the configuration of the melting furnace 10 is very similar to that of the holding furnace 20.
  • the material of the chamber 10a of the melting furnace 10 is 18-8 stainless steel, and further, the inside is subjected to an ALMA treatment with a FC plate.
  • the molten magnesium alloy 1 is put into the melting furnace 10 and heated by the heater 15.
  • 16 is a partition.
  • an exhaust system 11 for exhausting the inside and a non-oxidizing gas introducing system 12 for supplying a non-oxidizing gas are connected to the melting furnace 10.
  • 1 2b is the gas reservoir.
  • the exhaust system 11 is provided with at least one vacuum pump 11b.
  • the non-oxidizing gas introduction system 12 also has a function of pressurizing the inside of the melting furnace 10.
  • the melting furnace 10 is provided with a pressure sensor (G) 13 for measuring the internal pressure and a temperature sensor 14 for measuring the temperature of the molten metal.
  • the solid metal 1 b To put the solid metal 1 b into the melting furnace 10, first open the hermetic door 63 and introduce the solid metal 1 b into the purge chamber 61 from outside.
  • the airtight door 63 is closed, and the inside of the purge chamber 61 is exhausted by the exhaust system 66.
  • the bypass 67 opened and the pressures in the purge chamber 61 and the charging chamber 62 balanced, the hermetic door 64 and the heat insulating door 65 are opened. Solid metal moves by pushers and drawers.
  • the bottom of the charging chamber 62 has a rotating mechanism. Injected into 10.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • This container (ladle) ⁇ 0 passes through the frame 71 constituting an airtight airtight area, the heat insulator 72 disposed inside the frame 71, and the frame 71 and the heat insulator 72.
  • a temperature sensor 75 for measuring the temperature in the airtight region is provided.
  • the frame 71 forms a closed space which is an airtight area inside.
  • the frame 71 plays a role of maintaining the strength of the entire container 70 and a role of protecting the heat insulating material 72 from the outside.
  • the frame 71 can be made of various metal materials, and the material may be appropriately selected according to the use of the container. This choice should be made in consideration of the physical and chemical properties of the contents to be contained in the container. For example, choose to ensure that the frame does not melt or break due to the heat of the contents or the chemical reaction with the contents, even if the insulation breaks. The same applies to the heat insulating material. For example, various heat-resistant bricks are selected according to the use of the container.
  • the pipes 73, 74 provide access between the outside and the inside space of the container 70.
  • This pipe may be one or more.
  • an exhaust system (not shown) to the pipe 73 and depressurizing the inside, it is possible to control the oxygen concentration and the oxygen activity in the internal hermetic zone.
  • a non-oxidizing gas introduction system to the pipe 73, a non-oxidizing gas can be supplied inside.
  • a fluid (molten metal or powder) can be taken out of or put into the container through the pipe 74.
  • a non-oxidizing gas is introduced from the pipe 73 to pressurize the airtight region, the molten metal can be extruded to the outside through the pipe # 4.
  • the piping 74 is heated by heating or the like as necessary. The temperature is preferably set to be higher than the melting point of the contents flowing in the tube. At this time, not only the movement of the molten metal and powder but also the oxygen concentration in the system can be controlled by the exhaust system and the non-oxidizing gas supply system.
  • one of the major features of the present invention is that the generation of the pressure difference including the reduced pressure state contributes to both the mass transfer of the molten metal and the powder and the prevention of oxidation. Further, when the atmosphere in the pipe 74 becomes oxidizing, oxides adhere to the pipe and the pipe is clogged. According to the present invention, not only the oxygen concentration in the pipe # 4 is controlled, but also it is possible to prevent the contents from remaining in the pipe, so that such a clogging problem can be solved.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a joint that can be used for pipe connection.
  • the container of the present invention can play a role substantially equivalent to the holding furnace 20 in the above-described embodiment. That is, one or more vessels 70 can be used instead of the holding furnace 20.
  • the pipe 74 may be connected to the pipe 40 connected to the metal supply side (for example, the purge chamber 30).
  • the pipe 74 and the pipe 40 can be connected by, for example, a joint 75.
  • the joint 75 includes a gasket 76, and is airtightly connected to the pipe 74 and the pipe 40.
  • the gasket 76 is a resin
  • the joint 75 can be used for connecting the pipe 73 to an exhaust system and a gas introduction system.
  • FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing another example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • the frame 71 has an opening, and this opening is opened by the lid 71b. It is tightly sealed.
  • This container 80 is connected to an exhaust system 76 by a pipe 73.
  • the temperature sensor 75 measures the temperature of the molten metal 1 and the controller 77 controls the exhaust system 76 in accordance with the measured temperature and the rate of change of the temperature. For example, the opening and closing of the valve 76 b is controlled by the controller 77. By employing such a configuration, the heat conductivity in the system can be controlled by the pressure in the container of the present invention.
  • the heat resistance of heat-resistant materials deteriorates due to their aging.
  • the temperature of the molten metal may be different due to differences in the ladle solids. Occasionally, the temperature of the molten metal may drop to a level that does not meet the needs of the user.
  • the inside of the frame is depressurized by the exhaust system, and the internal heat conductivity can be suppressed to a small value. As a result, the temperature of the molten metal can be maintained regardless of a decrease in the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material.
  • the temperature difference between the contents of the plurality of containers can be reduced. Also, oxidation of the molten metal can be prevented. Pressure control can be performed not by the temperature itself but by the rate of temperature change (for example, a differential value), and this configuration can perform more accurate temperature control of the molten metal.
  • FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing another example of the configuration of the container of the present invention.
  • This container 90 measures the temperature of the frame 71 and the lid 7 lb with the heat insulating material 72 disposed on the inner surface, the heater 91 disposed inside the heat insulating material 72, and the temperature of the molten metal 1.
  • a temperature sensor 75 and a controller 92 for controlling the heater 75 in accordance with the measured temperature or the rate of change of the temperature are provided.
  • the temperature of the metal 1 is appropriately controlled by controlling the power supply 93 for supplying power to the heater 91 in accordance with the rate of change of the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 75.
  • the airtightness of the container does not matter from the viewpoint of temperature control.
  • the container 90 is mounted on a carrier 94 of a truck or a ship.
  • the electrode 95 is exposed on the loading platform 94, and the electrical connection with the electrode 96 on the container side is ensured by placing the container in a predetermined place.
  • Reference numeral 97 denotes an insulating member such as an insulator.
  • the power supply 93 can be mounted on a truck. It may be shared with the truck battery.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of a metal delivery model using a supply device and a container according to the present invention.
  • the first is when a melting furnace or holding furnace is installed near the use point or in a factory with molding equipment.
  • the second case is when a small melting furnace is provided for each molding device.
  • the third is a case where the metal is melted at a predetermined location and the melted metal is delivered to a new point.
  • the present invention can be applied in any case, and leads to improvement of quality, improvement of safety, improvement of productivity, and reduction of energy cost.
  • the second example above is considered to be the most disadvantageous in terms of energy.
  • the holding furnace 20 of the present invention or the containers 70, 80, 90 of the present invention may be arranged near the use point.
  • the metal remains in good condition and is delivered safely. With such a configuration, energy costs are greatly reduced.
  • the cost of the melting furnace and the space required for installation, which had been individually arranged at the single point are also eliminated.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the processing system of the present invention.
  • a resin-coated aluminum is processed as an object to be processed will be described.
  • the object to be processed is introduced inside from the introduction section 102 of the lorry kiln 101.
  • This mouthless kiln 101 can heat the object to be treated while controlling the oxygen concentration inside.
  • the constituent resin of the object to be treated is thermally decomposed and partly carbonized, turned into oil, or vaporized.
  • the oily component and the vaporized component may be used as a heat source for thermal decomposition and metal melting described below. Combining general recycling and material recycling will improve processing efficiency.
  • the thermal decomposition residue of the object to be treated is taken out from the discharge section 103 of the rotary kiln 101 and introduced into the melting furnace 104.
  • the melting furnace 104 has a three-chamber configuration including a purge chamber 105, a heating chamber 106, and a cooling chamber 107.
  • the atmosphere in the system is made non-oxidizing.
  • the atmosphere in the system may be exhausted by an exhaust system such as a blower and a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen may be introduced.
  • the residue is introduced into the heating chamber 106 and heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of aluminum (including the alloy).
  • the molten aluminum is sent to the purged supply chamber 109.
  • the supply chamber 109 is arranged below the heating chamber 106 in the gravity direction.
  • the supply chamber 109 has an exhaust system to purge the internal atmosphere. It also has an airtight door that can be accessed from outside.
  • This supply chamber functions similarly to the purge chamber indicated by reference numeral 30 in the above-described embodiment.
  • the molten metal may be supplied to the container 70, the container 80, the container 90, and the like of the present invention described above in the supply chamber 108.
  • the object to be treated is melted in aluminum, cooled in the cooling chamber 107, and taken out.
  • molten metal is separated in heating chamber 106
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the processing system of the present invention.
  • This processing system 114 is composed of a plurality of airtight areas. That is, it is composed of a preheating chamber 115, a pyrolysis chamber 116, a melting chamber 117, and a cooling chamber 118. Each room is separated by a heat-insulating door and an airtight door so that it can be opened and closed.
  • a processing system for gaseous products generated by the thermal decomposition of the object to be treated is connected to the thermal decomposition chamber 1 16.
  • This gas treatment system is composed of a cracking device 121, a condenser (or filter) 122, a vacuum pump 123, and a filter 124 such as an activated carbon filter and an Al-Risk-Ri-Saba.
  • the treatment is performed in the same manner as in Embodiment 7, but in this example, the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is performed under reduced pressure. This reduces harmful organic halides such as dioxins.
  • the object to be treated may be taken out of the vacuum furnace 120 and put into the melting furnace 10, the melting furnace 20, or the melting furnace 120.
  • the relationship between the melting furnace 120 and the supply chamber 108 is the same as in the above-described embodiment.
  • the molten metal in the metal state separated from the object to be treated in which the organic component has been thermally decomposed is delivered to the single point by each container of the present invention.
  • the molten metal may be solidified or semi-molten once in the container, and delivered in this state.
  • the temperature of the solidified product of the molten metal is adjusted to a temperature near the melting point, such as the temperature immediately before melting, and below the melting point.
  • FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the aluminum alloy production apparatus of the present invention. This device separates components such as zinc and magnesium (the first metal) from the aluminum alloy ingot and melts the ingot with the reduced concentration of the first metal.
  • the ingot is introduced into the preheating chamber 501.
  • the preheating chamber 501 includes an exhaust system 502 and a heating gas introduction system 503.
  • the heating gas introduction system 502 guides the hot gas of the melting furnace 504 to the preheating chamber 501.
  • the temperature is adjusted by a heating section 503b provided with a heater or the like.
  • the ingot is heated to such a degree that the ingot does not melt, for example, about 500 to 600 ° C.
  • the decompression chamber 505 is constantly exhausted by an exhaust system 506. For this reason, when moving the ingot from the preheating chamber 501 to the decompression chamber 505, the preheating chamber 502 is exhausted by the exhaust system 502, and the preheating chamber 501 and the decompression chamber 505 are removed. And then open the partition.
  • the decompression chamber 505 is also provided with a heating device such as a radiant tube or a light source so that the ingot can be heated to a semi-molten state. Since the decompression chamber is evacuated by the exhaust system 506, elements such as zinc and magnesium are evaporated and separated from the ingot according to the vapor pressure.
  • the condenser 507 condenses and collects the metal evaporated from the ingot.
  • the condenser is cooled to a temperature sufficiently lower than the boiling point of the first metal, and has a cassette-type retort inside.
  • a wire mesh or the like serving as a condensation nucleus may be provided inside the retort.
  • the exhaust system connected to the decompression chamber is unevenly distributed on one side of the decompression chamber. This is because a pressure gradient is created in the decompression chamber, and the evaporated metal is introduced along this gradient to the exhaust system side (the pressure is lowest immediately before the vacuum pump. The pressure increases with the distance from the pump). ing).
  • the ingot whose concentration of metals such as zinc and magnesium has been reduced by evaporative separation is introduced into the purge chamber 508.
  • the purge chamber is evacuated by the exhaust system 509 to the same pressure as the decompression chamber 505 before the partition wall.
  • the partition 508 b is opened and the ingot is discharged to the melting furnace 504.
  • the ingot with reduced zinc and magnesium concentrations is melted in the melting furnace 504.
  • molten aluminum is stored in melting furnace 504.
  • the melting furnace 504 is provided with a supply section 621a, and a suction pipe 601 is inserted into the supply section 621a. This suction pipe 6
  • One end port (the other end portion 6101b of the suction pipe 601) is disposed so as to protrude and retract from the liquid surface of the molten aluminum of 621a. That is, one end portion 601a of the suction pipe 601 extends to near the bottom of the melting furnace 504, The other end portion 601 b of the suction pipe 601 is led out from the supply portion 621 a.
  • the suction tube 600 is basically held by the holding mechanism 202 in an inclined state.
  • the inclination angle is, for example, about 10 ° with respect to the vertical line, and matches the inclination of the tip of the pipe 656 in the container 600.
  • the distal end portion 601 b of the suction pipe 600 is connected to the distal end portion of the pipe 656 in the container 600. The connection between the distal end portion 601 b and the distal end portion of the pipe 656 in the container 600 becomes easy.
  • the pressure reducing pump 6 13 is connected to the pipe 6 67.
  • the pressure in the vessel 600 is reduced by operating the pump 613.
  • the molten aluminum stored in the melting furnace 504 is introduced into the vessel 600 via the suction pipe 601 and the pipe 656.
  • the molten aluminum stored in the melting furnace 504 is introduced into the container 600 via the suction pipe 601 and the pipe 656.
  • Molten aluminum does not come into contact with outside air. Therefore, no oxides are generated, and the molten aluminum supplied using this system is of very good quality. Further, the work for removing the oxide from the inside of the container 600 becomes unnecessary, and the workability is improved.
  • Zn and Mg could be removed by treating an ingot of aluminum having a high concentration of Z, M and the like.
  • concentrations of Cu, Zn, and SiM deviate from the ADC-12 standard.
  • the ingot weight is about 20 kg per piece.
  • Twenty of these ingots were stacked in a grid, placed on a stainless steel tray, and introduced into a vacuum furnace. Each chamber of the vacuum furnace is configured so that the pressure can be reduced from about 10-2 to about 10-3 Torr.
  • the experiment for confirmation was performed by changing the processing temperature and processing time. Changes in the content of each component were examined before and after the treatment.
  • Processing temperatures are 585 ° C; 590 ° C, 595 ° C, 600 ° C, 605 ° C, 610 ° C, 615 ° C, 620 ° C and 650 ° C.
  • the holding time after reaching the processing temperature was 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours.
  • the analytical sample was prepared by dissolving it once before and after the treatment, then pouring it into a test piece mold and solidifying it. This is to avoid concentration variations within the ingot.
  • the test piece was analyzed after shaving the surface with a lathe.
  • Figures 13 and 14 show the processing temperature and the concentration of each component in the aluminum ingot (% by weight, the same applies hereinafter).
  • the aluminum concentration is a value obtained by subtracting the sum of the concentrations of the components from 100.
  • Cu, Zn, Si, and M did not meet the reference values. However, by applying the present invention, it was possible to remove a value satisfying the reference value.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the concentration change of each component.
  • the contents of zinc and Mg vary greatly from about 610 ° C to 620 ° C. . This corresponds to the fact that the entire ingot used is in a semi-molten state, and the temperature at which the binding of Zn and Mg atoms from the alloy is reduced is from 60 ° C to 62 ° C. I think available. .
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 illustrate the relationship between the processing time and the change in the concentration of each component in the ingot.
  • the treatment time was 3 or 4 hours.
  • the processing time was performed in three ways: 2, 3, and 4 hours.
  • FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the treatment time and the concentration of zinc.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph showing the relationship between the treatment time and the concentration of zinc.
  • the concentration remaining with zinc and magnesium is even lower. Furthermore, above 62 ° C, the residual concentrations of both zinc and magnesium are even lower. Therefore, the element can be efficiently separated efficiently by bringing the ingot into a semi-molten state as in the present invention. This is probably because the bonds between the atoms forming the ingot are weakened, which facilitates evaporation and increases the diffusion rate of the atoms inside. Since the melting temperature varies depending on the type of ingot (alloy composition), the processing temperature may be adjusted as necessary. And set it. Industrial applicability
  • a metal supply with high quality and high productivity can be performed.
  • materials with unnecessarily high concentrations of zinc and magnesium can be used as aluminum alloys.
  • Advantageous Effects of Invention it is possible to increase the productivity of metal products such as melting, holding, delivery, processing, or reuse of metal and to increase the productivity of the products, and also to improve the quality of the products. Energy costs in the product manufacturing process can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention, the safety of the melting furnace, the holding furnace, and the metal holding container is improved. Further, according to the molding apparatus of the present invention, a product having high productivity and high quality can be obtained. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent harmful substances from diffusing into the environment.
  • a method for supplying an aluminum alloy comprising:
  • a melting furnace capable of holding the aluminum melted or melted
  • a heating chamber capable of heating the first aluminum alloy, connected to an exhaust system, and evaporating at least a part of the first metal from the heated first aluminum alloy to form the second aluminum
  • a decompression chamber for forming an alloy
  • An aluminum alloy manufacturing apparatus comprising:

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de production d'un alliage en aluminium, dans lequel un système d'évacuation destiné à évacuer l'intérieur d'une chambre de purge et un système d'amenée de gaz non oxydant destiné à l'alimentation en gaz non oxydant sont reliés à la chambre de purge. L'intérieur de ladite chambre, où s'effectue l'échange de métal fondu, est maintenu hermétique. Ledit système d'évacuation comprend au moins une unité de pompe sous vide, et le système d'amenée de gaz non oxydant sert également à pressuriser l'intérieur de la chambre de purge, ce qui permet d'accroître la sécurité au moment de l'alimentation en métal fondu, de même que la productivité.
PCT/JP2001/005374 2000-06-22 2001-06-22 Procede de production et de distribution d'un alliage en aluminium et dispositif de production dudit alliage WO2001098549A1 (fr)

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AU2001274595A AU2001274595A1 (en) 2000-06-22 2001-06-22 Method of producing and supplying aluminum alloy and device for producing aluminum alloy

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MY199362A (en) * 2017-11-14 2023-10-24 Dpi Group Separated solids monitoring system
AT523251A1 (de) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-15 Fill Gmbh Verfahren zum Gießen von Schmelze mittels eines Schmelzebehälters in welchem ein Schmelzeaufnahmeraum ausgebildet ist
CN117490408B (zh) * 2024-01-02 2024-03-26 鸡泽县恒阳铸造有限公司 一种井盖生产用中频感应电炉

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CN1853828B (zh) 2010-04-21
CN1853829A (zh) 2006-11-01
CN1853828A (zh) 2006-11-01
AU2001274595A1 (en) 2002-01-02

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