Classifications

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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
  • A61P5/24—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the sex hormones
  • A61P5/28—Antiandrogens
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
  • C07D239/70—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D239/72—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines
  • C07D239/86—Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines with hetero atoms directly attached in position 4
  • C07D239/94—Nitrogen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

• This invention relates to novel bicyclic derivatives that are useful in the treatment of abnormal cell growth, such as cancer, in mammals.
• This invention also relates to a method of using such compounds in the treatment of abnormal cell growth in mammals, especially humans, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.
• a cell may become cancerous by virtue of the transformation of a portion of its DNA into an oncogene (Le., a gene which, on activation, leads to the formation of malignant tumor cells).
• oncogenes encode proteins that are aberrant tyrosine kinases capable of causing cell transformation.
• the overexpression of a normal proto- oncogenic tyrosine kinase may also result in proliferative disorders, sometimes resulting in a malignant phenotype.
• Receptor tyrosine kinases are enzymes which span the cell membrane and possess an extracellular binding domain for growth factors such as epidermal growth factor, a transmembrane domain, and an intraceliuiar portion which functions as a kinase to phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues in proteins and hence to influence cell proliferation.
• Other receptor tyrosine kinases include c-erbB-2, c-met, tie-2, PDGFr, FGFr, and VEGFR. It is known that such kinases are frequently aberrantly expressed in common human cancers such as breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer such as colon, rectal or stomach cancer, leukemia, and ovarian, bronchial or pancreatic cancer.
• epidermal growth factor receptor which possesses tyrosine kinase activity, is mutated and/or overexpressed in many human cancers such as brain, lung, squamous cell, bladder, gastric, breast, head and neck, oesophageal, gynecological and thyroid tumors.
• EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
• inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases are useful as selective inhibitors of the growth of mammalian cancer cells.
• erbstatin a tyrosine kinase inhibitor
• EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase
• the compounds of the present invention which are selective inhibitors of certain receptor tyrosine kinases, are useful in the treatment of abnormal cell growth, in particular cancer, in mammals.
• the compounds of the present invention can also display inhibitory activity against a variety of other non-receptor tyrosine kinases (eg: lck, src, abl) or serine/threonine kinases (e.g.: cyclin dependent kinases).
• non-receptor tyrosine kinases eg: lck, src, abl
• serine/threonine kinases e.g.: cyclin dependent kinases
• Various other compounds, such as styrene derivatives have also been shown to possess tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties.
• EP 0 566 226 A1 (published October 20, 1993), EP 0 602 851 A1 (published June 22, 1994), EP 0 635 507 A1 (published January 25, 1995), EP 0 635498 A1 (published January 25, 1995), and EP 0 520 722 A1 (published December 30, 1992) refer to certain bicyclic derivatives, in particular quinazoline derivatives, as possessing anti-cancer properties that result from their tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties.
• World Patent Application WO 92/20642 (published November 26, 1992), refers to certain bis-mono and bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl compounds as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are useful in inhibiting abnormal cell proliferation.
• R 3 is -(CR 1 R 2 ) t (4 to 10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5, said heterocyclic group is optionally fused to a benzene ring or a C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl group, the -(CR 1 R 2 ) t - moiety of the foregoing R 3 group optionally includes a carbon-carbon double or triple bond where t is an integer between 2 and 5, and the foregoing R 3 groups, including any optional fused rings referred to above, are optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R 8 groups;
• each R 5 is independently selected from halo, hydroxy, -NR 1 R 2 , C.,-C- 6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl, C C 6 alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, -NR 6 C(0)R ⁇ -C(0)NR 6 R 7 , -S0 2 NR 6 R 7 , -NR ⁇ C(0)NR 7 R ⁇ and -NR 6 C(0)OR 7 ; each R 6 , R 6a and R 7 is independently selected from H, C r C 6 alkyl, -(CR 1 R 2 )
• R 12 is R 6 , -OR 6 , -OC(0)R 6 , -OC(0)NR 6 R 7 , -OC0 2 R 6 , -StC R 6 , -S(0) J NR 6 R 7 , -NR 6 R 7 , -NR 6 C(0)R 7 , -NR 6 S0 2 R 7 , -NR 6 C(0)NR 6a R 7 , -NR 6 S0 2 NR 6a R 7 , -NR 6 C0 2 R 7 , CN, -C(0)R 6 , or halo, wherein j is an integer from 0 to 2;
• R 13 is -NR 1 R 14 or -OR 14 ;
• R 14 is H, R 15 , -C(0)R 15 , -S0 2 R 15 , -C(0)NR 15 R 7 , -S0 2 NR 15 R 7 , or -C0 2 R 15 ;
• R i s js R i8 j _(CR 1 R 2 ) t (C 6 -C 10 aryl), -(CR 1 R 2 ),(4 to 10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5, 1 or 2 ring carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group are optionally substituted with an oxo ( 0) moiety, and the aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R 15 groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 R 8 substituents; each R 16 and R 7 is independently selected from H, C r C 6 alkyl, and -CH 2 OH, or R 16 and
• R 17 are taken together as -CH 2 CH 2 - or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -;
• R 18 is C C 6 alkyl wherein each carbon not bound to a N or O atom, or to S(0) j , wherein j is an integer from 0 to 2, is optionally substituted with R 12 ; and wherein any of the above-mentioned substituents comprising a CH 3 (methyl), CH 2 (methylene), or CH (methine) group, which is not attached to a halogeno, SO or S0 2 group or to a N, O or S atom, is optionally subsituted with a group selected from hydroxy, halo, C ⁇ Q, alkyl, C r C 4 alkoxy and -NR 1 R 2 .
• R 3 is -(CR 1 R 2 ),(4 to 10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5; said heterocyclic group is optionally fused to a benzene ring or a C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl group, and the foregoing R 3 groups, including any optional fused rings referred to above, are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R 8 groups.
• R 3 is -(CR 1 R 2 ) t (4 to 10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5, and the foregoing R 3 groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R 8 groups.
• R 3 is selected from
• R 3 groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R 8 groups.
• Other specific embodiments of the compounds of formula 1 include those wherein R 3 is pyridin-3-yl optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R 8 groups.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR 16 R 17 ) t R 9 , wherein m is an integer from 0 to 3, and t is an integer from 0 to 5.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR 16 R 17 ) t R 9 , wherein m is an integer from 0 to 3, and t is an integer from 0 to 5.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR 16 R 17 ) t R 9 , wherein m is an integer from 0 to 3, and t is an integer from 0 to 5.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR 16 R 17 ) t R 9 , wherein m is an integer from 0 to 3, and t is an integer from 0 to 5.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR
• R 9 is selected from 3-piperidinyl and 4-piperidinyl each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R 8 groups.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C--C-(CR 16 R 17 ) k R 13 , wherein k is an integer from 1 to 3 and m is an integer from 0 to 3.
• R 4 is -(CR 16 R 17 ) m -C ⁇ C-(CR 18 R 17 ) k R 13 , wherein k is an integer from 1 to 3 and m is an integer from 0 to 3, wherein R 13 is -NR 1 R 14 , wherein R 14 is selected from -C(0)R 15 , -S0 2 R 15 , and C(0)NR 15 R 7 .
• Specific preferred compounds of the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of: (+)-[3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenyl]-(6-piperidin-3-ylethynyl-quinazolin-4-yl)- amine;
• Piperazine-1 -carboxylic acid (3- ⁇ 4-[3-methyl-4-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yloxy)- phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-ynyl)-amide;
• This invention also relates to a method for the treatment of abnormal cell growth in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an amount of a compound of the formula 1, as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, that is effective in treating abnormal cell growth.
• the abnormal cell growth is cancer, including, but not limited to, lung cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva,
• Hodgkin's Disease cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer, chronic or acute leukemia, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS), primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, brain stem glioma, pituitary adenoma, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing cancers.
• CNS central nervous system
• said abnormal cell growth is a benign proliferative disease, including, but not limited to, psoriasis, benign prostatic hypertrophy or restinosis.
• This invention also relates to a method for the treatment of abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprises administering to said mammal an amount of a compound of formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, that is effective in treating abnormal cell growth in combination with an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, antibodies, cytotoxics, anti-hormones, and anti-androgens.
• an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological
• This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of abnormal cell growth in a mammal, including a human, comprising an amount of a compound of the formula 1, as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, that is effective in treating abnormal cell growth, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• said abnormal cell growth is cancer, including, but not limited to, lung cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer, chronic or acute leukemia, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, neoplasms
• the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of abnormal cell growth in a mammal, including a human, which comprises an amount of a compound of formula 1, as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, that is effective in treating abnormal cell growth in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, and anti-androgens.
• an anti-tumor agent selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, intercalating antibiotics, growth factor inhibitors, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors, biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, and anti-androgens.
• This invention also relates to a method for the treatment of a disorder associated with angiogenesis in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an amount of a compound of the formula 1, as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, that is effective in treating said disorder.
• Such disorders include cancerous tumors such as melanoma; ocular disorders such as age-related macuiar degeneration, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, and retinal neovascularization from proliferative diabetic retinopathy; rheumatoid arthritis; bone loss disorders such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, hypercalcemia from tumors metastatic to bone, and osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid treatment; coronary restenosis; and certain microbial infections including those associated with microbial pathogens selected from adenovirus, hantaviruses, Borrelia burgdorferi, Yersinia spp., Bordetella pertussis, and group A Streptococcus.
• This invention also relates to a method of (and to a pharmaceutical composition for) treating abnormal cell growth in a mammal which comprise an amount of a compound of formula 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, and an amount of one or more substances selected from anti-angiogenesis agents, signal transduction inhibitors, and antiproliferative agents, which amounts are together effective in treating said abnormal cell growth.
• Anti-angiogenesis agents such as MMP-2 (matrix-metalloprotienase 2) inhibitors, MMP-9 (matrix-metalloprotienase 9) inhibitors, and COX-II (cyclooxygenase II) inhibitors, can be used in conjunction with a compound of formula 1 in the methods and pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
• MMP-2 matrix-metalloprotienase 2
• MMP-9 matrix-metalloprotienase 9
• COX-II cyclooxygenase II
• Examples of useful COX-II inhibitors include CELEBREXTM (alecoxib), valdecoxib, and rofecoxib.
• Examples of useful matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors are described in WO 96/33172 (published October 24, 1996), WO 96/27583 (published March 7, 1996), European Patent Application No.
• MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitors are those that have little or no activity inhibiting MMP-1. More preferred, are those that selectively inhibit MMP-2 and/or MMP-9 relative to the other matrix-metalloproteinases (i.e. MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, and MMP-13).
• MMP inhibitors useful in combination with the compounds of the present invention are AG-3340, RO 32-3555, RS 13-0830, and the compounds recited in the following list:
• the compounds of formula 1 can also be used in combination with signal transduction inhibitors, such as agents that can inhibit EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) responses, such as EGFR antibodies, EGF antibodies, and molecules that are EGFR inhibitors; VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitors; and erbB2 receptor inhibitors, such as organic molecules or antibodies that bind to the erbB2 receptor, for example, HERCEPTINTM (Genentech, Inc. of South San Francisco, California, USA).
• signal transduction inhibitors such as agents that can inhibit EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) responses, such as EGFR antibodies, EGF antibodies, and molecules that are EGFR inhibitors; VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitors; and erbB2 receptor inhibitors, such as organic molecules or antibodies that bind to the erbB2 receptor, for example, HERCEPTINTM (Genentech, Inc. of South San Francisco, California, USA).
• EGFR inhibitors are described in, for example in WO 95/19970 (published July 27, 1995), WO 98/14451 (published April 9, 1998), WO 98/02434 (published January 22, 1998), and United States Patent 5,747,498 (issued May 5, 1998).
• EGFR-inhibiting agents include, but are not limited to, the monoclonal antibodies C225 and anti-EGFR 22Mab (ImClone Systems Incorporated of New York, New York, USA), the compounds ZD-1839 (AstraZeneca), BIBX-1382 (Boehringer Ingelheim), MDX-447 (Medarex Inc. of Annandale, New Jersey, USA), and OLX-103 (Merck & Co. of Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA), VRCTC-310 (Ventech Research) and EGF fusion toxin (Seragen Inc. of Hopkinton, Massachusettes).
• VEGF inhibitors for example SU-5416 and SU-6668 (Sugen Inc. of South San Francisco, California, USA), can also be combined with a compound of formula 1.
• VEGF inhibitors are described in, for example in WO 99/24440 (published May 20, 1999), PCT International Application PCT/IB99/00797 (filed May 3, 1999), in WO 95/21613 (published August 17, 1995), WO 99/61422 (published December 2, 1999), United States Patent 5,834,504 (issued November 10, 1998), WO 98/50356 (published November 12, 1998), United States Patent 5,883,113 (issued March 16, 1999), United States Patent 5,886,020 (issued March 23, 1999), United States Patent 5,792,783 (issued August 11, 1998), WO 99/10349 (published March 4, 1999), WO 97/32856 (published September 12, 1997), WO 97/22596 (published June 26, 1997), WO 98/54093 (published December 3, 1998), WO 98/02438 (published
• VEGF inhibitors include IM862 (Cytran Inc. of Kirkland, Washington, USA); anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody of Genentech, Inc. of South San Francisco, California; and angiozyme, a synthetic ribozyme from Ribozyme (Boulder, Colorado) and Chiron (Emeryville, California).
• ErbB2 receptor inhibitors such as GW-282974 (Glaxo Wellcome pic), and the monoclonal antibodies AR-209 (Aronex Pharmaceuticals Inc. of The Woodlands, Texas, USA) and 2B-1 (Chiron), may be administered in combination with a compound of formula 1.
• Such erbB2 inhibitors include those described in WO 98/02434 (published January 22, 1998), WO 99/35146 (published July 15, 1999), WO 99/35132 (published July 15, 1999), WO 98/02437 (published January 22, 1998), WO 97/13760 (published April 17, 1997), WO 95/19970 (published July 27, 1995), United States Patent 5,587,458 (issued December 24, 1996), and United States Patent 5,877,305 (issued March 2, 1999), each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• ErbB2 receptor inhibitors useful in the present invention are also described in United States Provisional Application No. 60/117,341 , filed January 27, 1999, and in United States Provisional Application No. 60/117,346, filed January 27, 1999, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
• antiproliferative agents that may be used with the compounds of the present invention include inhibitors of the enzyme famesyl protein transferase and inhibitors of the receptor tyrosine kinase PDGFr, including the compounds disclosed and claimed in the following United States patent applications: 09/221946 (filed December 28, 1998); 09/454058 (filed December 2, 1999); 09/501163 (filed February 9, 2000); 09/539930 (filed March 31 , 2000); 09/202796 (filed May 22, 1997); 09/384339 (filed August 26, 1999); and 09/383755 (filed August 26, 1999); and the compounds disclosed and claimed in the following United States provisional patent applications: 60/168207 (filed November 30, 1999); 60/170119 (filed December 10, 1999); 60/177718 (filed January 21 , 2000); 60/168217 (filed November 30, 1999), and 60/200834 (filed May 1 , 2000).
• Each of the foregoing patent applications and provisional patent applications is herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
• a compound of formula 1 may also be used with other agents useful in treating abnormal cell growth or cancer, including, but not limited to, agents capable of enhancing antitumor immune responses, such as CTLA4 (cytotoxic lymphocite antigen 4) antibodies, and other agents capable of blocking CTLA4; and anti-proliferative agents such as other famesyl protein transferase inhibitors, for example the famesyl protein transferase inhibitors described in the references cited in the "Background" section, supra.
• CTLA4 antibodies that can be used in the present invention include those described in United States Provisional Application 60/113,647 (filed December 23, 1998) which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• abnormal cell growth refers to cell growth that is independent of normal regulatory mechanisms (e.g., loss of contact inhibition). This includes the abnormal growth of: (1) tumor cells (tumors) that proliferate by expressing a mutated tyrosine kinase or overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase; (2) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant tyrosine kinase activation occurs; (4) any tumors that proliferate by receptor tyrosine kinases; (5) any tumors that proliferate by aberrant serine/threonine kinase activation; and (6) benign and malignant cells of other proliferative diseases in which aberrant serine/threonine kinase activation occurs..
• treating means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which such term applies, or one or more symptoms of such disorder or condition.
• treatment refers to the act of treating as “treating” is defined immediately above.
• halo as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo. Preferred halo groups are fluoro and chloro.
• alkyl as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having straight, cyclic (including mono- or multi-cyclic moieties) or branched moieties. It is understood that for said alkyl group to include cyclic moieties it must contain at least three carbon atoms.
• cycloalkyl as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having cyclic (including mono- or multi-cyclic) moieties.
• alkenyl as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes alkyl groups, as defined above, having at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
• alkynyl as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes alkyl groups, as defined above, having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
• aryl as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes an organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removal of one hydrogen, such as phenyl or naphthyl.
• alkoxy as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes -O-alkyl groups wherein alkyl is as defined above.
• 4 to 10 membered heterocyclic includes aromatic and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups containing one or more heteroatoms each selected from O, S and N, wherein each heterocyclic group has from 4 to 10 atoms in its ring system.
• Non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include groups having only 4 atoms in their ring system, but aromatic heterocyclic groups must have at least 5 atoms in their ring system.
• the heterocyclic groups include benzo-fused ring systems and ring systems substituted with one or more oxo moieties.
• An example of a 4 membered heterocyclic group is azetidinyl (derived from azetidine).
• An example of a 5 membered heterocyclic group is thiazolyl and an example of a
• 10 membered heterocyclic group is quinolinyl.
• non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl, thiazepinyl, 1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridinyl, 2-pyrrolinyl, 3-pyrrolinyl, indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, dioxanyl, 1 ,3- dioxolanyl, pyrazoliny
• aromatic heterocyclic groups are pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridi ⁇ yl, purinyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinazolinyl,
• a group derived from pyrrole may be C- attached or N-attached where such is possible.
• a group derived from pyrrole may be pyrrol-1 -yl (N-attached) or pyrrol-3-yl (C-attached).
• -(CR 1 R 2 ) m - and (CR 16 R 17 ) k moieties, and other similar moieties, as indicated above, may vary in their definition of R1 , R2, R16 and R17 for each iteration of the subscript (ie, m, k, etc) above 1.
• -(CR 1 R 2 ) m - may include -CH 2 C(Me)(Et)- where m is 2.
• phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s)", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes salts of acidic or basic groups which may be present in the compounds of the present invention.
• the compounds of the present invention that are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of salts with various inorganic and organic acids.
• the acids that may be used to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of such basic compounds of are those that form non-toxic acid addition salts, La, salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, isonicotinate, acetate, lactate, salicylate, citrate, acid citrate, tartrate, pantothenate, bitartrate, ascorbate, succinate, maleate, gentisinate, fumarate, gluconate, glucuronate, saccharate, formate, benzoate, glutamate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate and pamoate [ e., 1 ,1'-methylene-bis-(2- hydroxy-3-naphthoate)] salts
• the compounds of the present invention that include a basic moiety, such as an amino group may form pharmaceutically acceptable salts with various amino acids, in addition to the acids mentioned above.
• Those compounds of the present invention that are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations.
• Examples of such salts include the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts and, particularly, the calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium salts of the compounds of the present invention.
• Certain functional groups contained within the compounds of the present invention can be substituted for bioisosteric groups, that is, groups which have similar spatial or electronic requirements to the parent group, but exhibit differing or improved physicochemical or other properties. Suitable examples are well known to those of skill in the art, and include, but are not limited to moieties described in Patini et al., Chem. Rev, 1996, 96, 3147-3176 and references cited therein.
• the compounds of the present invention have asymmetric centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms.
• This invention relates to the use of all optical isomers and stereoisomers of the compounds of the present invention, and mixtures thereof, and to all pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment that may employ or contain them.
• the compounds of formula 1 may also exist as tautomers.
• This invention relates to the use of all such tautomers and mixtures thereof.
• the subject invention also includes isotopically-labelled compounds, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and prodrugs thereof, which are identical to those recited in formula 1 , but for the fact that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
• isotopes examples include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine and chlorine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 3 C, 14 C, 5 N, 18 0, 17 0, 35 S, 18 F, and 36 CI, respectively.
• Compounds of the present invention, prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compounds or of said prodrugs which contain the aforementioned isotopes and/or other isotopes of other atoms are within the scope of this invention.
• Certain isotopically-labelled compounds of the present invention for example those into which radioactive isotopes such as 3 H and 14 C are incorporated, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution assays.
• Tritiated, i.e., 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e., 14 C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e., 2 H, can afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements and, hence, may be preferred in some circumstances.
• Isotopically labelled compounds of formula 1_ of this invention and prodrugs thereof can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed in the Schemes and/or in the Examples and Preparations below, by substituting a readily available isotopically labelled reagent for a non-isotopically labelled reagent.
• This invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing and methods of treating bacterial infections through administering prodrugs of compounds of the formula 1.
• Compounds of formula 1 having free amino, amido, hydroxy or carboxylic groups can be converted into prodrugs.
• Prodrugs include compounds wherein an amino acid residue, or a polypeptide chain of two or more (e.g., two, three or four) amino acid residues is covalently joined through an amide or ester bond to a free amino, hydroxy or carboxylic acid group of compounds of formula 1.
• the amino acid residues include but are not limited to the 20 naturally occurring amino acids commonly designated by three letter symbols and also includes 4- hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvalin, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, citrulline homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone. Additional types of prodrugs are also encompassed. For instance, free carboxyl groups can be derivatized as amides or alkyl esters.
• Free hydroxy groups may be derivatized using groups including but not limited to hemisuccinates, phosphate esters, dimethylaminoacetates, and phosphoryloxymethyloxycarbonyls, as outlined in Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 1996, 19, 115.
• Carbamate prodrugs of hydroxy and amino groups are also included, as are carbonate prodrugs, sulfonate esters and sulfate esters of hydroxy groups.
• acyl group may be an alkyl ester, optionally substituted with groups including but not limited to ether, amine and carboxylic acid functionalities, or where the acyl group is an amino acid ester as described above, are also encompassed.
• Prodrugs of this type are described in J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 10. Free amines can also be derivatized as amides, sulfonamides or phosphonamides. All of these prodrug moieties may incorporate groups including but not limited to ether, amine and carboxylic acid functionalities.
• Palladium-catalyzed boronic acid couplings are described in Miyaura, N., Yanagi, T., Suzuki, A. Syn. Comm. 1981 , 11 , 7, p. 513.
• Palladium catalyzed Heck couplings are described in Heck et. al. Organic Reactions, 1982, 27, 345 or Cabri et. al. in Ace. Chem. Res. 1995, 28, 2.
• For examples of the palladium catalyzed coupling of terminal alkynes to aryl halides see: Castro et. al. J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 3136. or Sonogashira et. al. Synthesis, 1977, 777.
• Terminal alkyne synthesis may be performed using appropriately substituted/protected aldehydes as described in: Colvin, E. W. J. et. al. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I, 1977, 869; Gilbert, J. C. et. al. J. Org. Chem., 47, 10, 1982; Hauske, J. R. et. al. Tet. Lett., 33, 26, 1992, 3715; Ohira, S. et. al. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 9, 1992, 721; Trost, B. M. J. Amer. Chem. Soc, 119, 4, 1997, 698; or Marshall, J. A. et. al. J.
• terminal alkynes may be prepared by a two step procedure. First, the addition of the lithium anion of TMS (trimethylsilyl) acetylene to an appropriately substituted/protected aldehyde as in: Nakatani, K. et. al. Tetrahedron, 49, 9, 1993, 1901. Subsequent deprotection by base may then be used to isolate the intermediate terminal alkyne as in Malacria, M.; Tetrahedron, 33, 1977, 2813; or White, J. D. et. al. Tet. Lett., 31 , 1 , 1990, 59.
• TMS trimethylsilyl
• pressure is not critical unless otherwise indicated. Pressures from about 0.5 atmospheres to about 5 atmospheres are generally acceptable, and ambient pressure, e., about 1 atmosphere, is preferred as a matter of convenience.
• the compound of formula 1 may be prepared by coupling the compound of formula D wherein R 4 and R 5 are defined above, with an amine of formula E wherein R 1 , R 3 and R 11 are as defined above, in an anhydrous solvent, in particular a solvent selected from DMF (N.N-dimethylformamide), DME (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), DCE (dichloroethane) and f-butanol, and phenol, or a mixture of the foregoing solvents, a temperature within the range of about 50-150°C for a period ranging from 1 hour to 48 hours.
• a solvent selected from DMF (N.N-dimethylformamide), DME (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), DCE (dichloroethane) and f-butanol, and phenol, or a mixture of the foregoing solvents a temperature within the range of about 50-150°C for a period ranging from 1 hour to 48 hours.
• heteroaryloxyanilines of formula E may be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as, reduction of the corresponding nitro intermediates. Reduction of aromatic nitro groups may be performed by methods outlined in Brown, R. K., Nelson, N. A. J. Org. Chem. 1954, p. 5149; Yuste, R., Saldana, M, Walls, F., Tet. Lett. 1982, 23, 2, p. 147; or in WO 96/09294, referred to above. Appropriate heteroaryloxy nitrobenzene derivatives may be prepared from halo nitrobenzene precursors by nucleophilic displacement of the halide with an appropriate alcohol as described in Dinsmore, C.J. et.
• the compound of formula D may be prepared by treating a compound of formula C, wherein Z 1 is an activating group, such as bromo, iodo, -N 2l or -OTf (which is -OS0 2 CF 3 ), or the precursor of an activating group such as N0 2 , NH 2 or OH, with a coupling partner, such as a terminal alkyne, terminal alkene, vinyl halide, vinyl stannane, vinylborane, alkyl borane, or an alkyl or alkenyl zinc reagent.
• a coupling partner such as a terminal alkyne, terminal alkene, vinyl halide, vinyl stannane, vinylborane, alkyl borane, or an alkyl or alkenyl zinc reagent.
• the compound of formula C can be prepared by treating a compound of formula B with a chlorinating reagent such as POCI 3 , SOCI 2 or CIC(0)C(0)CI/DMF in a halogenated solvent at a temperature ranging from about 60°C to 150°C for a period ranging from about 2 to 24 hours.
• a chlorinating reagent such as POCI 3 , SOCI 2 or CIC(0)C(0)CI/DMF in a halogenated solvent at a temperature ranging from about 60°C to 150°C for a period ranging from about 2 to 24 hours.
• Compounds of formula B may be prepared from a compound of formula A wherein Z 1 is as described above and Z 2 is NH 2 , alkoxy or OH, according to one or more procedures described in WO 95/19774, referred to above.
• Any compound of formula 1 can be converted into another compound of formula 1 by standard manipulations to the R 4 group.
• These methods include a) removal of a protecting group by methods outlined in T. W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts, "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1991 ; b) displacement of a leaving group (halide, mesylate, tosylate, etc) with a primary or secondary amine, thiol or alcohol to form a secondary or tertiary amine, thioether or ether, respectively; c) treatment of phenyl (or substituted phenyl) carbamates with primary of secondary amines to form the corresponding ureas as in Thavonekham, B et.
• the compounds of the present invention may have asymmetric carbon atoms.
• Diasteromeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallization.
• Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixtures into a diastereomric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., alcohol), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers. All such isomers, including diastereomeric mixtures and pure enantiomers are considered as part of the invention.
• the compounds of formulas 1 that are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of different salts with various inorganic and organic acids. Although such salts must be pharmaceutically acceptable for administration to animals, it is often desirable in practice to initially isolate the compound of formula 1 from the reaction mixture as a pharmaceutically unacceptable salt and then simply convert the latter back to the free base compound by treatment with an alkaline reagent and subsequently convert the latter free base to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt.
• the acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are readily prepared by treating the base compound with a substantially equivalent amount of the chosen mineral or organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent, such as methanol or ethanol. Upon careful evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is readily obtained.
• the desired acid salt can also be precipitated from a solution of the free base in an organic solvent by adding to the solution an appropriate mineral or organic acid.
• Those compounds of formula 1 that are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations.
• such salts include the alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and particularly, the sodium and potassium salts. These salts are all prepared by conventional techniques.
• the chemical bases which are used as reagents to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of this invention are those which form non-toxic base salts with the acidic compounds of formula 1_.
• Such non-toxic base salts include those derived from such pharmacologically acceptable cations as sodium, potassium calcium and magnesium, etc.
• salts can easily be prepared by treating the corresponding acidic compounds with an aqueous solution containing the desired pharmacologically acceptable cations, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably under reduced pressure.
• they may also be prepared by mixing lower alkanolic solutions of the acidic compounds and the desired alkali metal alkoxide together, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in the same manner as before.
• stoichiometric quantities of reagents are preferably employed in order to ensure completeness of reaction and maximum yields of the desired final product.
• the compounds of the present invention may include mono, di or tri-salts in a single compound.
• the compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of the erbB family of oncogenic and protooncogenic protein tyrosine kinases, in particular erbB2, and thus are all adapted to therapeutic use as antiproliferative agents (ejj., anticancer) in mammals, particularly in humans.
• the compounds of the present invention are useful in the prevention and treatment of a variety of human hyperproliferative disorders such as malignant and benign tumors of the liver, kidney, bladder, breast, gastric, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, lung, vulval, thyroid, hepatic carcinomas, sarcomas, glioblastomas, head and neck, and other hyperplastic conditions such as benign hyperplasia of the skin (ej)., psoriasis) and benign hyperplasia of the prostate (e.g., BPH). It is, in addition, expected that a compound of the present invention may possess activity against a range of leukemias and lymphoid malignancies.
• the compounds of the present invention may also be useful in the treatment of additional disorders in which aberrant expression ligand/receptor interactions or activation or signalling events related to various protein tyrosine kinases, are involved.
• Such disorders may include those of neuronal, glial, astrocytal, hypothalamic, and other glandular, macrophagal, epithelial, stromal, and blastocoelic nature in which aberrant function, expression, activation or signalling of the erbB tyrosine kinases are involved.
• the compounds of the present invention may have therapeutic utility in inflammatory, angiogenic and immunologic disorders involving both identified and as yet unidentified tyrosine kinases that are inhibited by the compounds of the present invention.
• the in vitro activity of the compounds of formula 1 may be determined by the following procedure.
• the c-erbB2 kinase assay is similar to that described previously in Schrang et. al.
• the kinase reaction is performed in 50 mL of 50 mM HEPES (pH 7.5) containing 125 mM sodium chloride, 10 mM magnesium chloride, 0.1 mM sodium orthovanadate, 1 mM ATP, 0.48 mg/mL (24 ng/well) c-erbB2 intraceliuiar domain.
• the intraceliuiar domain of the erbB2 tyrosine kinase (amino acids 674-1255) is expressed as a GST fusion protein in Baculovirus and purified by binding to and elution from glutathione coated beads.
• the compound in DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
• DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
• Phosphorylation was initiated by addition of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and proceeded for 6 minutes at room temperature, with constant shaking. The kinase reaction is terminated by aspiration of the reaction mixture and subsequent washing with wash buffer (see above). Phosphorylated PGT is measured by 25 minutes of incubation with 50 mL per well HRP- conjugated PY54 (Oncogene Science Inc. Uniondale, NY) antiphosphotyrosine antibody, diluted to 0.2 mg/mL in blocking buffer (3% BSA and 0.05% Tween 20 in PBS). Antibody is removed by aspiration, and the plate is washed 4 times with wash buffer.
• HRP- conjugated PY54 Oncogene Science Inc. Uniondale, NY
• the colorimetric signal is developed by addition of TMB Microwell Peroxidase Substrate (Kirkegaard and Perry, Gaithersburg, MD), 50 mL per well, and stopped by the addition of 0.09 M sulfuric acid, 50 L per well.
• Phosphotyrosine is estimated by measurement of absorbance at 450 nm.
• the signal for controls is typically 0.6-1.2 absorbance units, with essentially no background in wells without the PGT substrate and is proportional to the time of incubation for 10 minutes.
• Inhibitors were identified by reduction of signal relative to wells without inhibitor and IC 50 values corresponding to the concentration of compound required for 50% inhibition are determined.
• the compounds exemplified herein which correspond to formula 1 have IC50 values of ⁇ 10 ⁇ M against erbB2 kinase.
• the activity of the compounds of formula 1 in vivo, can be determine by the amount of inhibition of tumor growth by a test compound relative to a control.
• the tumor growth inhibitory effects of various compounds are measured according to the method of Corbett T.H., et al., "Tumor Induction Relationships in Development of Transplantable Cancers of the Colon in Mice for Chemotherapy Assays, with a Note on Carcinogen Structure", Cancer Res., 35, 2434-2439 (1975) and Corbett T.H., et al., "A Mouse Colon-tumor Model for Experimental Therapy", Cancer Chemother. Rep. (Part 2)", 5, 169-186 (1975), with slight modifications.
• Tumors are induced in the left flank by subcutaneous (sc) injection of 1-5 million log phase cultured tumor cells (murine FRE-ErbB2 cells or human SK-OV3 ovarian carcinoma cells) suspended in 0.1 ml RPMI 1640 medium. After sufficient time has elapsed for the tumors to become palpable (100-150 mm3 in size/5-6 mm in diameter) the test animals (athymic female mice) are treated with test compound (formulated at a concentration of 10 to 15 mg/ml in 5 Gelucire) by the intraperitoneal (ip) or oral (po) route of administration once or twice daily for 7 to 10 consecutive days.
• ip intraperitoneal
• oral (po) route of administration once or twice daily for 7 to 10 consecutive days.
• the flank site of tumor implantation provides reproducible dose/response effects for a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, and the method of measurement (tumor diameter) is a reliable method for assessing tumor growth rates.
• Administration of the compounds of the present invention can be effected by any method that enables delivery of the compounds to the site of action. These methods include oral routes, intraduodenal routes, parenteral injection (including intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion), topical, and rectal administration.
• an effective dosage is in the range of about 0.001 to about 100 mg per kg body weight per day, preferably about 1 to about 35 mg/kg/day, in single or divided doses. For a 70 kg human, this would amount to about 0.05 to about 7 g/day, preferably about 0.2 to about 2.5 g/day. In some instances, dosage levels below the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more than adequate, while in other cases still larger doses may be employed without causing any harmful side effect, provided that such larger doses are first divided into several small doses for administration throughout the day.
• the active compound may be applied as a sole therapy or may involve one or more other anti-tumour substances, for example those selected from, for example, mitotic inhibitors, for example vinblastine; alkylating agents, for example cis-platin, carboplatin and cyclophosphamide; anti-metabolites, for example 5-fluorouracil, cytosine arabinoside and hydroxyurea, or, for example, one of the preferred anti-metabolites disclosed in European Patent Application No.
• mitotic inhibitors for example vinblastine
• alkylating agents for example cis-platin, carboplatin and cyclophosphamide
• anti-metabolites for example 5-fluorouracil, cytosine arabinoside and hydroxyurea, or, for example, one of the preferred anti-metabolites disclosed in European Patent Application No.
• the pharmaceutical composition may, for example, be in a form suitable for oral administration as a tablet, capsule, pill, powder, sustained release formulations, solution, suspension, for parenteral injection as a sterile solution, suspension or emulsion, for topical administration as an ointment or cream or for rectal administration as a suppository.
• the pharmaceutical composition may be in unit dosage forms suitable for single administration of precise dosages.
• the pharmaceutical composition will include a conventional pharmaceutical carrier or excipient and a compound according to the invention as an active ingredient. In addition, it may include other medicinal or pharmaceutical agents, carriers, adjuvants, etc.
• Exemplary parenteral administration forms include solutions or suspensions of active compounds in sterile aqueous solutions, for example, aqueous propylene glycol or dextrose solutions. Such dosage forms can be suitably buffered, if desired.
• Suitable pharmaceutical carriers include inert diluents or fillers, water and various organic solvents.
• the pharmaceutical compositions may, if desired, contain additional ingredients such as flavorings, binders, excipients and the like.
• excipients such as citric acid
• disintegrants such as starch, alginic acid and certain complex silicates
• binding agents such as sucrose, gelatin and acacia.
• lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often useful for tableting purposes.
• Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed in soft and hard filled gelatin capsules.
• Preferred materials include lactose or milk sugar and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols.
• the active compound therein may be combined with various sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring matters or dyes and, if desired, emulsifying agents or suspending agents, together with diluents such as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, or combinations thereof.
• HPLC chromatography is referred to in the preparations and examples below, the general conditions used, unless otherwise indicated, are as follows.
• the column used is a ZORBAXTM RXC18 column (manufactured by Hewlett Packard) of 150 mm distance and 4.6 mm interior diameter.
• the samples are run on a Hewlett Packard-1100 system.
• a gradient solvent method is used running 100 percent ammonium acetate / acetic acid buffer (0.2 M) to 100 percent acetonitrile over 10 minutes.
• the system then proceeds on a wash cycle with 100 percent acetonitrile for 1.5 minutes and then 100 percent buffer solution for 3 minutes.
• the flow rate over this period is a constant 3 tnU minute.
• Et means ethyl
• AC means acetyl
• Me means methyl
• ETOAC or "ETOAc” means ethyl acetate
• THF means tetrahydrofuran
• Bu means butyl.
• 4-(4-Chloro-quinazolin-6-ylethynyl)-piperidine-1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester A mixture of 4-ethynyl-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.12 g, 5.35 mmol), 4- chloro-6-iodoquinazoline (1.35 g, 4.65 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(ll) (0.16 g, 0.23 mmol), copper(l) iodide (0.044 g, 0.23 mmol), and diisopropylamine (0.47 g, 4.65 mmol) in anhydrous THF (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature under nitrogen for 2 hours.
• [3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenyl]-(6-piperidin-4-ylethynyl-quinazolin-4-yl)- amine 4-(4-Chloro-quinazolin-6-ylethynyl)-piperidine-1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (80 mg, 0.21 mmol) and 3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenylamine (43 mg, 0.21 mmol) were mixed together in tert-butanol (1 mL) and dichloroethane (1 mL) and heated in a sealed vial at 90°C for 20 minutes.
• 2-Chloro-N-[3-(4-chloro-quinazolin-6-yl)-prop-2-ynyl]-acetamide 2-Chloro-N- prop-2-ynyl-acetamide (385mg; 2.93 mmol) and 4-chloro-6-iodoquinazoline (850 mg; 1 equiv.) were dissolved in dry THF and diisopropylamine (296 mg; 0.41 mL; 1 equiv.). To this mixture was added 0.04 equivalents of copper iodide (22 mg) and Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 CI 2 (82 mg). The reaction was stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere overnight (-20 hrs).
• 6-y. ⁇ -prop-2-ynyl)-acetamide To a solution of 2-Chloro-N-(3- ⁇ 4-[3-methyl-4-(pyridin-3- yloxy)-phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-ynyl)-acetamide (99 mg, 0.20 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) was added a solution dimethylamine in THF (2 mL, 4.0 mmol). The resulting solution was refluxed under nitrogen for 1 hour. After concentration, the residue was further dried, dissolved in MeOH (1.0 mL), and treated with HCI gas for 3 minutes.
• Method E Synthesis of 3- ⁇ 4-[3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenylamino]- quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-en-1 -ol (5): 3- ⁇ 4-[3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-en-1-ol.
• Method F Synthesis of [3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-ylo ⁇ y)-phenyl]-[6-(3-morpholin-4- yl-propenyl)-quinazolin-4-yl]-amine (6): [3-Methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenyl]-[6-(3-morpholin-4-yl-propenyl)-quinazolin-4-yl]- amine.
• the mixture was heated at 85 °C for 16 hours, cooled to room temperature, and partitioned between 10% aqueous potassium carbonate and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was further extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organics were dried and evaporated to yield 57 mg of material.
• E-N-(3- ⁇ 4-[3-Chloro-4-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ - allyl)-acetamide A mixture of 14.4 ⁇ L (0.25 mmol) of acetic acid and 40.3 mg (0.33 mmol) of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in 2 mL of methylene chloride were stirred for 10 minutes and treated with 100.3 mg of E-[6-(3-amino-propenyl)-quinazolin-4-yl]-[3-chioro-4-(6-methyl- pyridin-3-yloxy)-phenyl]-amine.
• (+)-E-Tetrahydro-furan-3-carboxylic acid (3- ⁇ 4-[3-chloro-4-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yloxy)- phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -ailyl)-amide
• (+)-Ethanesulfonic acid (1 -methyl-3- ⁇ 4-[3-methyl-4-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yloxy)- phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-ynyl)-amide
• (+)-Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (1 -methyl-3- ⁇ 4-[3-methyl-4-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yloxy)- phenylamino]-quinazolin-6-yl ⁇ -prop-2-ynyl)-amide and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and prodrugs of the foregoing compounds.

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