WO2001073148A1 - Procede et dispositif pour realiser un revetement metallique sur un objet sortant d'un bain de metal fondu - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif pour realiser un revetement metallique sur un objet sortant d'un bain de metal fondu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001073148A1 WO2001073148A1 PCT/FR2001/000937 FR0100937W WO0173148A1 WO 2001073148 A1 WO2001073148 A1 WO 2001073148A1 FR 0100937 W FR0100937 W FR 0100937W WO 0173148 A1 WO0173148 A1 WO 0173148A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- molten metal
- meniscus
- outlet channel
- ratio
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0036—Crucibles
- C23C2/00361—Crucibles characterised by structures including means for immersing or extracting the substrate through confining wall area
- C23C2/00362—Details related to seals, e.g. magnetic means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a metallic coating on an object emerging from a molten metal bath.
- the invention also relates to a device implementing such a method.
- a metallic coating for example zinc
- a metallic wire copper or steel for example
- the coated wire is placed in a thermal oven so as to obtain a diffusion of the zinc in the wire.
- the invention can also find applications in other fields such as the production of metallic coating in order to protect a non-metallic core such as an optical fiber for example.
- One of the major characteristics of • achieving a coating is the thickness of the peripheral layer obtained.
- Theoretical results relating the thickness of the coating to the speed of movement of the metal wire and to the hydrodynamic properties of the molten metal were notably established by L. Landau and B. Levich in an article referenced Acta Physicochimica URSS Vol. XVII, No. 1-2, 1942: "Dragging of a Liquid by a Moving Plate".
- This article presents an equation linking to the first order the thickness of the coating assumed to be constant with a capillary number depending on the hydrodynamic properties of the molten metal, and this insofar as the molten metal is a perfectly wetting liquid and the coated object is a plate .
- This document discloses a device for confining a jet of liquid metal by creating an overpressure by means of a coil surrounding the jet and traversed by an alternating current whose frequency is less than a given value.
- many magnetic wiping techniques are included in the state of the art, in particular patent EP 0 720 663 B1 of the present applicant in which an inductor, arranged around a channel for leaving the bath of molten metal, produces a transverse, alternating electromagnetic field of low frequency, and sliding, the displacement of the galvanized product being done along a horizontal axis.
- the device thus produced makes it possible to determine the conditions for which the lengths of the Duvet associated with the flow of the covering liquid respectively in the enclosure and in its outlet channel remain below the critical values beyond which the flows become clearly turbulent. These conditions imply a precise dimension in the enclosure containing the liquid metal and make it possible, in the case of horizontal drainage, to keep the molten metal inside the outlet channel.
- the thickness is checked according to a formula analogous to that used in the hydrodynamic model of Landau and Levich, the references of which are cited above.
- the method described in this document EP 0 720 663 B1 cannot relate to thin products because by construction the inductor has too large an air gap for the sliding field created by this inductor can act effectively on these products.
- Document US-A-4 228 200 describes a method of adjusting the metal coating on a wire emerging vertically from a bath of molten metal.
- the thickness is adjusted by means of a single coil device creating an alternating, fixed electromagnetic field of very low frequency, applied at the point of exit or below the point of exit of the wire.
- the electromagnetic field thus created expels molten metal from the area of the highest flux density to areas of a lower flux density.
- the amplitude of the electromagnetic forces exerted by the field generated by the electromagnetic device is modified.
- the device saturates for a frequency beyond
- Another object of the invention is the production of a thin coating, typically of the order of a micrometer, on small objects while consuming little energy and limiting the rise in temperature of the coating.
- the present invention also relates to a device in which the enclosure containing the bath of molten metal is suitably dimensioned so as to allow an effective adjustment of the thickness of the coating whatever the type of drainage of the object (vertical, oblique or horizontal).
- the above objectives are achieved with a method for producing a metallic coating on an object emerging from a bath of molten metal, in which a magnetic field is created in the vicinity of the point of exit from the object.
- the object leaves the molten metal bath through an outlet channel containing a meniscus of said molten metal bath, and the thickness of the metal coating is adjusted as a function of a second derivative of the meniscus curve and a capillary number Ca representing the ratio between viscous forces of the molten metal and surface tension forces on the surface of the molten metal.
- This characteristic can be represented in the form of an equation:
- the object to be coated can advantageously be produced elongated at constant section such as a wire of the metal wire or optical fiber type, or a plate.
- the invention has an advantage over the documents of the prior art because it expresses the thickness as a function of the physical elements represented in the second derivative and in the number Ca which is explained below.
- the properties of the coating result from a competition between mainly four types of forces:
- the outlet channel is dimensioned so as to maintain the meniscus of the molten metal in conditions close to the capillary-gravity balance under field magnetic.
- the second derivative of the curve of said meniscus is a function of an electromagnetic forming parameter K representing the ratio between the surface tension forces and the forces due to the forming effect.
- K 2MO7 C f B 0 2 l
- the expression of the second derivative can be as follows: ⁇ ⁇ _ ⁇ r is the radius of the wire; ⁇ 2 is such that r * ⁇ 2 equals the height of the meniscus 1 2 , ⁇ 2 is preferably obtained by numerical calculation; and Bd is a Bond number representing the relationship between gravity forces and
- the outlet channel can be made in such a way that the annular distance is of the order of the height of the meniscus, the annular distance being the distance between the internal wall of the outlet channel and the metallic coating formed outside the meniscus.
- the height 1 2 of the meniscus can be obtained from the following expression:
- the second derivative of the curve of said meniscus is a function:
- ⁇ RI radius of the wire, RO radius of the opening of the outlet channel, V 0 the speed of travel of the wire, and ⁇ a term reflecting the influence of the Couette flow and equal to:
- the outlet channel is produced so that the ratio of the ratio between the average thickness of said object and the opening of the outlet channel is greater than or equal to 0.8 for do not deploy intense fields.
- the average thickness is the diameter. In the case of a non-circular wire, the average thickness is an estimated value.
- a feature of the present invention is to avoid the influence of gravity.
- the magnetic field according to the invention acts directly on the meniscus.
- the magnetic field can be stationary alternating, and can advantageously be created by means of a flat inductor.
- a "Pancake” type inductor can be used.
- the invention is thus remarkable by the fact that the magnetic field created is active only on a weak height of the molten metal forming the coating.
- the rise in the temperature of the coating due to the magnetic field is advantageously small compared, for example, to the process proposed by the Metallurgical Research Center of Liège cited above.
- the magnetic field is created by means of an alternating current whose frequency is such that the ratio between the capillary length and the thickness of magnetic skin in the metallic coating is greater than or equal to three.
- means are used for electromagnetic pressure or pumping of the molten metal to maintain the altitude of the meniscus in the outlet channel, this making it possible to compensate for the continuous consumption of the molten metal in the production of said coating.
- the invention also relates to a device for producing a metallic coating on an object emerging from a bath of molten metal.
- the device comprises means for creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the point of exit of said object.
- the device may include an outlet channel containing a meniscus of said molten metal bath, as well as means for adjusting the thickness of the metal coating as a function of a second derivative of the meniscus curve and of a capillary number Ca representing the relationship between viscous forces of the molten metal and surface tension forces on the surface of the molten metal.
- Figure 1 is a simplified sectional view of a enclosure containing molten metal and crossed vertically by a metal wire, the molten metal being displaceable by means of a gas
- Figure 2 is a simplified sectional view of an enclosure containing a molten metal and traversed by a metal wire, the molten metal being movable by means of a piston
- FIG. 3 is a simplified sectional view of an enclosure composed of two sub-enclosures, one of which is crossed by the metal wire, the molten metal being able to be moved by means of electromagnetic pumps;
- FIG. 4 is a simplified sectional view identical to that of Figure 1, but with an outlet channel directed vertically downwards;
- - Figure 5 is a schematic view of the meniscus in the outlet channel;
- FIG. 6 is a graph representing the thickness of the coating as a function of the dimensionless numbers (Ca, Bd and K) in the form of layers.
- the device according to the invention comprises an enclosure 1 generally made up of two volumes 1a and 1b whose upper faces are aligned.
- the first volume la playing the role of a reservoir, is of rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- This reservoir supplies it by an ascending corridor the second volume 1b of smaller height and greater length compared to the dimensions of the first volume.
- the feed corridor is produced by means of a vertical barrier 8, of height greater than that of the second volume 1b, fixed to the upper face of the first volume 1a so as to leave a passage through the bottom of the volume 1a to the second volume lb.
- the enclosure 1 contains a molten metal 5 such as for example zinc or tin.
- a supply channel 2 is arranged on the upper face of the first volume 1a in order to apply pressure to the surface 7 of the molten metal 5 by means of a gas injected into this supply channel 2.
- the pressure exerted by a gas through the feed channel 2 pushes the molten metal from the first volume la to the second volume 1b and thus compensate for the loss of molten metal used for galvanizing.
- This galvanization is carried out on a metallic wire 4 of steel, for example arranged vertically in the second volume 1b near the outer edge.
- External scrolling means allow the upward movement of the metal wire 4 which enters the second volume 1b by a horizontal face and emerges via an outlet channel 3 disposed on the upper face of this volume 1b.
- the outlet channel 3 is annular in shape and is dimensioned so that the molten metal penetrates to a certain height by forming a meniscus 6.
- the metal wire 4 passes through the center of the channel 3.
- an inductor 9 "Pancake" type dish is placed around the channel 3 at the meniscus 6.
- the inductor 9 is supplied by an alternating current so as to create a stationary alternating magnetic field which influences the molten metal at the meniscus 6.
- We use a flat inductor because the minimum height ⁇ z of molten metal at the level of the meniscus that the magnetic field must pass through in order for the created electromagnetic effect to be completed, is very low.
- V 0 Im / s Vo being the speed of movement of the metal wire;
- B 0 0.05 TB o being the intensity of the magnetic field;
- p 7 * 10 3 kg / m 3 p being the density of the molten metal;
- R 0 4.3 * 10 ⁇ 3 R 0 being the internal radius of the outlet channel 3.
- ⁇ z being very small, it is therefore possible advantageously to use a flat inductor for an alternating magnetic field.
- This magnetic field induces a pressure force at the level of the meniscus 6.
- Figure 5 shows some characteristic parameters at the meniscus.
- e 0 the thickness of the coating forming a layer peripheral around the metal wire 4.
- ⁇ e an angle ⁇ e is defined at this point which varies according to the level of wetting of the molten metal.
- the height of the meniscus is given by r ⁇ 2 . From the coating thickness equation
- 2 K establish a representation of the thicknesses as a function of the dimensionless numbers defined above: Ca (capillary number), Bd (Bond number) and K (electromagnetic forming parameter).
- This curve is represented in FIG. 6 in the form of distinct layers as a function of Bd in a three-dimensional space whose marks are 1 / K, Ca and eo / r. This curve can serve as an abacus for the production of coating on a wire.
- an external device is provided for injecting gas into the volume la through the supply channel 2 and pushing back level 7 down depending on the amount of molten metal consumed to make the coating.
- This maintenance of the level of the meniscus 6 can also be achieved by means of a device similar to that of FIG. 1 but by replacing the gas supply channel 2 by a piston 10 immersed in the molten metal 5 in the flanked volume. vertical walls 11 and 12.
- Maintaining the level of the meniscus 6 can also be achieved by means of a device as illustrated in FIG. 3 in which the enclosure 1 comprises two separate volumes 13 and 14 simply connected by a corridor 15 of small cross section relative to the two volumes.
- the volume 14 is placed at an altitude higher than the bottom of the volume 13 so that the corridor 15, connected to the bottom of the volume 13, is inclined upwards to connect to the bottom of volume 14.
- the metal wire 4 passes vertically from bottom to top of volume 11 by exiting through the outlet channel 3 produced on the upper face of volume 14.
- electromagnetic pumps 16 and 17 were placed on either side of the corridor 15 so as to pump the molten metal to the volume 14.
- Figure 4 illustrates a device similar to that of Figure 1, but with an outlet channel 3 formed on the underside of the volume lb.
- the direction of movement of the metal wire 4 is here from top to bottom.
- the invention described above thus makes it possible to very precisely and efficiently adjust the thickness of a metal coating on an object whose diameter (or thickness) with a low power requirement and an equally low temperature rise. can be very weak.
- the coated object can be, without limitation, a plate, a circular wire or not, a round, oval or square tube.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL35967001A PL359670A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Method and device for producing a metal coating on an object emerging from a molten metal bath |
JP2001570859A JP2003528982A (ja) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | 溶融金属浴から出る物体に金属コーティングを形成する方法および装置 |
CA002402696A CA2402696A1 (fr) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Procede et dispositif pour realiser un revetement metallique sur un objet sortant d'un bain de metal fondu |
AU2001248427A AU2001248427A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Method and device for producing a metal coating on an object emerging from a molten metal bath |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0003881A FR2807070B1 (fr) | 2000-03-28 | 2000-03-28 | Procede et dispositif pour realiser un revetement metallique sur un objet sortant d'un bain de metal fondu |
FR00/03881 | 2000-03-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001073148A1 true WO2001073148A1 (fr) | 2001-10-04 |
Family
ID=8848552
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2001/000937 WO2001073148A1 (fr) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Procede et dispositif pour realiser un revetement metallique sur un objet sortant d'un bain de metal fondu |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6761935B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1138799A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003528982A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001248427A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2402696A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2807070B1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL359670A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001073148A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200207158B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10146791A1 (de) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-10 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten der Oberfläche von strangförmigem metallischem Gut |
DE102007013739B3 (de) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-09-04 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Verfahren zum flexiblen Walzen von beschichteten Stahlbändern |
BRPI0823127A2 (pt) * | 2008-09-23 | 2015-06-16 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Sas | Método e dispositivo de secagem de metal líquido de revestimento na saída de um reservatório de revestimento metálico na têmpera. |
KR20140027419A (ko) | 2011-05-27 | 2014-03-06 | 에이케이 스틸 프로퍼티즈 인코포레이티드 | 메니스커스 코팅 장치 및 방법 |
CN104220627B (zh) * | 2012-03-23 | 2016-08-03 | 亚历山大·亚历山大罗维奇·库拉科夫斯基 | 用于细长制品上涂覆涂层的装置 |
FR2989081B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-06 | 2015-06-26 | Snecma | Procede d'enduction d'une fibre par un alliage sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2914423A (en) * | 1955-05-12 | 1959-11-24 | Armco Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for metallic coating of metallic strands |
US3965857A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1976-06-29 | Armco Steel Corporation | Apparatus for producing a uniform metallic coating on wire |
US4169426A (en) * | 1976-07-20 | 1979-10-02 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Apparatus for coating a filiform element |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NZ188953A (en) | 1977-12-15 | 1982-12-21 | Australian Wire Ind Pty | Coating control of wire emerging from metal bath |
FR2457730A1 (fr) | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-26 | Anvar | Procede et dispositif pour realiser le confinement des metaux liquides par mise en oeuvre d'un champ electromagnetique |
FR2544337B1 (fr) * | 1983-04-13 | 1985-08-09 | Ziegler Sa | Procede et installation pour le revetement en continu d'une bande a l'aide d'un revetement oxydable |
CA2072210A1 (fr) * | 1991-06-25 | 1992-12-26 | Toshio Sato | Methode assurant le deplacement continu d'un feuillard d'acier |
FR2700555B1 (fr) | 1993-01-20 | 1995-03-31 | Delot Process Sa | Procédé de dimensionnement d'une enceinte de galvanisation pourvue d'un dispositif d'essuyage magnétique de produits métallurgiques galvanisés. |
US5787110A (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1998-07-28 | Inductotherm Corp. | Galvanizing apparatus with coreless induction furnace |
EP0803586B1 (fr) * | 1995-11-10 | 2003-03-12 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Procede et appareil de retention de metal en fusion |
FR2749324B1 (fr) | 1996-06-04 | 1998-08-07 | Thermocompact Sa | Procede et dispositif de zingage d'un fil d'electroerosion, et fil ainsi obtenu |
-
2000
- 2000-03-28 FR FR0003881A patent/FR2807070B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-28 AU AU2001248427A patent/AU2001248427A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 EP EP01400789A patent/EP1138799A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-28 PL PL35967001A patent/PL359670A1/xx unknown
- 2001-03-28 JP JP2001570859A patent/JP2003528982A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-28 CA CA002402696A patent/CA2402696A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 US US09/818,637 patent/US6761935B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-28 WO PCT/FR2001/000937 patent/WO2001073148A1/fr active Application Filing
-
2002
- 2002-09-05 ZA ZA200207158A patent/ZA200207158B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2914423A (en) * | 1955-05-12 | 1959-11-24 | Armco Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for metallic coating of metallic strands |
US3965857A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1976-06-29 | Armco Steel Corporation | Apparatus for producing a uniform metallic coating on wire |
US4169426A (en) * | 1976-07-20 | 1979-10-02 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Apparatus for coating a filiform element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2001248427A1 (en) | 2001-10-08 |
US20020007784A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
FR2807070B1 (fr) | 2002-05-17 |
EP1138799A1 (fr) | 2001-10-04 |
ZA200207158B (en) | 2003-10-08 |
PL359670A1 (en) | 2004-09-06 |
US6761935B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 |
FR2807070A1 (fr) | 2001-10-05 |
JP2003528982A (ja) | 2003-09-30 |
CA2402696A1 (fr) | 2001-10-04 |
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