WO2001061186A1 - Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydromotor mit mindestens zwei geschwindigkeiten - Google Patents
Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydromotor mit mindestens zwei geschwindigkeiten Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001061186A1 WO2001061186A1 PCT/EP2001/001702 EP0101702W WO0161186A1 WO 2001061186 A1 WO2001061186 A1 WO 2001061186A1 EP 0101702 W EP0101702 W EP 0101702W WO 0161186 A1 WO0161186 A1 WO 0161186A1
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- valve
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/0447—Controlling
- F03C1/045—Controlling by using a valve in a system with several pump or motor chambers, wherein the flow path through the chambers can be changed, e.g. series-parallel
Definitions
- Hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic motor with at least two
- the invention relates to a hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic motor with at least two speeds, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Hydromotors that are basically suitable for the application of the invention are e.g. multi-stroke axial or radial piston motors, hydraulic motors according to the planetary gear principle, i.e. so-called gerotors, or piston motors with stepped pistons.
- the types of these hydraulic motors are generally known.
- Chapter 5 “Hydromotors” in the textbook and information book "DER HYDRAULIKTRAINER - Volume 1 / Fundamentals and Components of Fluid Power / Hydraulics", 2nd edition 1991.
- Hydraulic motors with stepped pistons are described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application 48-40007, DE 37 23 988 A1 and DE 40 37 455
- Control channels for the individual piston and annular spaces i.e. be provided for the individual working chambers and the control of these
- Working chamber groups are pressurized together.
- Hydromotors then have in common that by means of a valve arrangement
- the swallowing volume of the engine can be switched by selectively neutralizing the swallowing volumes of selected working chambers, ie the work-performing engine chambers, such as a piston group that can be switched on and off, which is usually done by short-circuiting the inlet and outlet sides of the relevant motor chambers.
- the radially arranged pistons are generally supported on a stroke curve by means of a roller device.
- the cylinder chamber is regularly supplied with hydraulic fluid via axial bores, and each engine piston is loaded or unloaded with fluid per shaft revolution as often as the number of cams on the stroke curve.
- the torque resulting from the cam shape of the cam ring is transmitted, for example, through a toothing from the piston group, which is accommodated in a rotor part, to an output shaft.
- the displacement can be halved by using a valve in the hydraulic control system to ensure that only half of the motor pistons are supplied with hydraulic fluid during the working stroke.
- the remaining engine pistons are connected to the outlet side of the engine, whereby the radial piston engine in such a switched state runs at twice the speed but with half the torque.
- a hydraulic control circuit according to the preamble of. Claim 1 in the application for radial piston motors is known for example from US-A-4,724,742.
- the valve arrangement has a piston spool that can be displaced against the force of a return spring by an oppositely acting control pressure, which is accommodated either in the stationary part, ie in the motor housing, or in the rotating part, ie in the rotor. Circuit-specific measures have been taken to ensure that the both speeds can be stabilized as uniformly as possible.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the hydraulic control circuit for a radial piston motor at two speeds in such a way that it is possible to increase the service life of such radial piston motors which can be switched with respect to the speed with little circuitry and device technology effort, and at the same time the field of application of these motors, in particular to expand the field of mobile hydraulics.
- the valve arrangement is redesigned such that the switchover between the different engine speeds takes place via at least one intermediate switching position in which the inlet side is in fluid communication with the outlet side of the working chamber or engine piston group to be activated or deactivated via an orifice arrangement, which effectively and with simple means succeeds in counteracting the occurrence of pressure peaks in the control circuit and in the area of the engine chambers or pistons during the switching process.
- the hydraulic motor such as the radial piston motor
- the hydraulic motor is not abruptly accelerated or decelerated, as a result of which not only the stresses on the components of the motor and in particular on the motor components involved in the rolling motion are considerably reduced, but also that forces transmitted to a downstream drivetrain are evened out.
- the movements controlled by the hydraulic motor are due to the inventive design of the Control circuit is carried out much smoother, which has the particular advantage that such hydraulic motors that can be switched with respect to the speed can also be used with improved comfort and with increased operating safety in mobile hydraulics, for example for the travel drive or for a lifting unit.
- the driver can carry out the shifting process smoothly between the speeds, with an abrupt acceleration or braking of the vehicle no longer occurring with the risk of instability in driving behavior or loss of grip on individual wheels. If a load is moved by means of the hydraulic motor, the switchover also takes place with such a smooth movement that sudden accelerations of moving parts, such as the load and the components carrying it, are avoided, which improves the functional and, above all, the operational safety of the mobile hydraulic vehicle or device benefits. In this way, even loads that are not particularly secured can be moved safely at stepped speeds. This has the additional advantage that damage to the pump or valves is avoided at the same time.
- a particular advantage of these measures according to the invention is that the hydraulic control circuit only has to be modified slightly in order to achieve the effects described above.
- the diaphragm arrangement can thus be provided in a simple manner by means of a suitable control edge geometry of a conventional control slide, which opens up the possibility of retrofitting radial piston motors which are already in operation with the hydraulic control circuit according to the invention.
- the inventive redesign of the hydraulic control circuit not only significantly reduces the critical mechanical stresses on the engine components, but also cavitation-related wear in the area of the engine pistons and their connections be considerably reduced, with the additional advantage that conventional measures, such as. B. commercially available check valves can be used.
- a particularly precise control of the valve arrangement results from the further development of patent claim 3.
- the output pressure of a continuously adjustable pressure valve can be controlled with sufficient speed according to a predetermined profile, so that the intermediate switching position of the valve arrangement with exact timing and thus ensuring an optimal one Pressure build-up takes place in the area of the critical engine piston group.
- Valve arrangement is the subject of claim 4.
- the orifice - according to claim 7 - is integrated in a directional control valve, there is a cost advantage because a conventional valve can be used, and moreover the favorable effect that the orifice is removed from the supply line after the directional control valve has been switched over.
- This can effectively counteract the occurrence of cavitation due to temporary undersupply of certain sections of the hydraulic motor, in particular if impermissibly low suction pressures occur in the deactivated, but mechanically positively coupled, motor working chambers by adding additional fluid, i.e. anti-cavitation fluid or Anti-cavitation pressure is fed.
- the middle position of the Drive over directional control valve at reduced speed so that the desired pressure increase in the control pressure line can be achieved with simple control measures.
- the switching time can also be optimized.
- the continuously adjustable pressure valve or the directional control valve is actuated according to claim 4 with the aid of a programmed signal, with which the pressure build-up in the critical supply circuit for the engine pistons or working chambers is ultimately precisely specified in time.
- the valve body of the valve arrangement controlled in this way is shifted between the two switching positions in accordance with a predetermined path / time diagram, so that it passes through the at least one intermediate switching position with a predetermined speed profile.
- Switchover valve arrangement are essentially limited to the control edges, it is possible in an advantageous further development according to claim 13 to integrate the cavitation safety valve designed as a check valve into the valve slide, which results in a further space saving.
- valve arrangement according to claims 9 to 13 is preferably used when the radial piston motor has a preferred direction of rotation. If this direction of rotation is reversed, the continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve is located on the outlet side of the piston group that is switched off in terms of torque, with the result that this piston group is subjected to working or high pressure in the inlet and outlet, which leads to higher friction losses and this can lead to a reduction in the output torque.
- patent claim 15 in turn effectively ensures that the deactivated engine piston or working chamber group is not under-supplied with fluid during high-speed operation of the radial piston engine, so that cavitation-related wear and tear is minimized.
- Radial piston engine is referred to the multi-stroke principle. Show it:
- 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the hydraulic control circuit for a radial piston motor with two speeds;
- FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a modified embodiment of the control circuit in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 2A and 2B sections of modified circuit diagrams of embodiments in which the combination "orifice / directional control valve" is modified; 3 shows a schematic illustration of a detail of a hydraulic control circuit according to a further embodiment;
- FIG. 4A shows a detail of a hydraulic control circuit according to a further embodiment, which works with a valve arrangement according to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, in the event that the actuation pressure for the valve arrangement lies in a first, lower pressure range;
- FIG. 4B shows a schematic sectional view of the associated continuously adjustable directional valve of the valve arrangement in this operating state
- Fig. 7 shows a section of a circuit with another
- FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the valve arrangement used in the hydraulic control circuit according to FIG. 7;
- FIGS. 7 and 8A shows a partial section of the individual representation of the valve spool of the 3/2-way valve used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8;
- Figs. 10 and 10A representations corresponding to Figs. 9 and 9A in the event that the control pressure is in a second, lower pressure range;
- FIGS. 10 and 10A representations corresponding to FIGS. 10 and 10A in the event that the control pressure is in a medium pressure range
- FIGS. 12 and 12A are views corresponding to FIGS. 10 and 10A in the event that the drive pressure is in a fourth pressure range;
- Figs. 13 and 13A are views corresponding to FIGS. 10 and 10A in the event that the drive pressure is in a fifth pressure range;
- FIGS. 14 and 14A representations corresponding to FIGS. 10 and 10A in the event that the actuation pressure lies above the fifth pressure range;
- Hydraulic circuit with a modified configuration of a valve to protect the radial piston motor against cavitation wear
- Fig. 16 is a schematic sectional view of the 4/2-way valve used in Fig. 15.
- a first embodiment of a hydraulic control circuit for a radial piston engine designated by the reference numeral 20 is shown, which - indicated schematically - has two piston groups 20-1 and 20-2, of which the motor piston group 20-2 selectively for reduction, preferably for Halving the swallowing volume, can be switched off.
- the working pressure or inlet side of the radial piston motor 20 with two speeds is designated with "B”, and the outlet side with "A”.
- the radial piston motor not shown, is constructed according to the so-called “multi-stroke principle", in which the radially arranged pistons are supported on a stroke curve via rollers.
- the cylinder spaces of the individual pistons are supplied with pressure fluid in a controlled manner via axial bores, whereby each piston is loaded or relieved of pressure fluid per shaft revolution as often as the number of cams on the stroke curve.
- the torque resulting from the cam shape of the cam ring is preferably transmitted by a toothing from the rotor / piston group to an output shaft.
- a valve arrangement in the form of a continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve 30 is provided, which has two end switch positions 30-A and 30-B.
- a return spring 32 presses the valve body, preferably a piston slide, into the switching position 30-A shown, in which the inlet B is connected through line sections 34 and 22 to the piston group 20-2.
- the two piston groups 20-2 and 20-1 are supplied with hydraulic fluid on an equal basis, so that the radial piston motor operates at a predetermined first speed and a predetermined first torque.
- the line section 34 is closed by the valve 30.
- the valve 30 in the switching position 30-B shorts the inlet 22 of the engine piston group 20-2 with its outlet side 24, which is done via a bypass line 36.
- the radial piston motor shown in Fig. 1 is also capable of working in the opposite direction of rotation, in which case the connections "A" and "B" are interchanged. In this direction of rotation
- Radial piston motors of this type are increasingly being used in the field of mobile hydraulics, it often being necessary to switch the speed under load.
- the following describes in detail what measures have been taken in the area of the hydraulic control circuit in order to carry out this switchover gently and gently, i.e. in such a way that on the one hand a pleasant driving experience is achieved and on the other hand the components of the radial piston motor and the hydraulic control circuit are protected against wear-promoting stresses.
- the valve 30 is designed as a continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve, i.e. as a valve that has at least one intermediate switching position between the two end switching positions 30-A and 30-B, in which the line sections 34 and 22 lying in the inlet of the piston group 20-2 are connected to one another via an orifice arrangement.
- This intermediate switching position is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3ff. It is crucial that the crossing of this intermediate switching position is used to smooth pressure peaks in the line sections 22, 24 and 34, 36 and thus to avoid uncontrolled torque and / or speed fluctuations on the output shaft of the radial piston motor, which ultimately leads to a deterioration in the Driving behavior of a vehicle equipped with such an engine would lead.
- control pressure X applied to a control connection 38 of the directional control valve 30 is controlled or regulated as explained in more detail below :
- the control pressure X is the output pressure of a continuously adjustable pressure valve 40, with which a supply pressure PV is set or regulated to the value “X”, preferably by electrical control at the signal connection 42.
- a control pressure line 44 branches into a control pressure branch line 48, which leads to further engines or engine piston groups.
- the continuously adjustable pressure valve 40 is controlled electrically, in that electronic output signals from suitable control electronics 50 are preferably applied to the control connection 42 in a program-controlled manner.
- the control electronics 50 is supplied by a voltage source 52, for example a battery.
- control slide of the 3/2-way valve 30 due to the intended control, i.e. by suitable control of the control signal X in a predetermined manner controlled from one end switch position to the other, i.e. is shifted over the intermediate switching position, so that pressure changes in the line sections 22, 24, 34 and 36 also occur in a controlled manner.
- the control can, for example, be program-controlled in such a way that the path / time diagram of the movement of the control slide varies depending on the switching direction (connection or disconnection) of the piston group 20-2, as a result of which it is possible to maximize the switching speed with a predetermined smoothing of the pressure peaks ,
- the control of the valve 30 according to the invention offers the possibility of selecting the time course of the control signal at the control connection 42 in such a way that it is optimally adapted to the direction of rotation of the radial piston motor.
- the line section 22 in the control circuit according to FIG. 1 is connected via a check valve 60 to a line carrying the control pressure X, in the case shown to the line section 48.
- This optional, so-called "anti-cavitation valve 60" can at the same time be included in the optimization of the geometry of the orifice arrangement in the area of the continuously adjustable directional valve 30. In other words, when tuning the control signals for the continuously adjustable pressure valve 40
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the hydraulic control circuit for a radial piston motor with two speeds.
- those components which correspond to the components of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals, but preceded by a "1".
- this embodiment differs only in the area of the control for the continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve 130.
- the actuation pressure X for the valve 130 is generated in a different way in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, namely by connecting in series a preferably electrically controlled 3/2-way valve 162 and an orifice 164 in a line carrying a supply pressure PV ,
- the 3/2-way valve is in turn controlled by control electronics 150 in a manner as has been described above with reference to FIG. 1.
- the control The valve arrangement 130 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 again takes place in such a way that the valve body of the valve arrangement 130 can be moved over its intermediate switching position at a controlled speed.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show variants for the generation of the actuation pressure X, only the detail of the combination orifice / directional valve being used.
- Directional valve designed valve 162 integrated, in such a way that the orifice 164" comes into operation in the central position B, while it has no influence in the other two switching positions A and B.
- the control of the directional control valve 162 " is such that the valve slide is preferably actuated at a reduced speed, in particular is shifted beyond the middle switching position.
- the particular advantage of the arrangement is that additional fluid can be fed into the control pressure line X unthrottled if necessary, to ensure in this way that hydraulic fluid can be sucked in in sufficient quantity and under sufficient pressure via the anti-cavitation valve 60, 160 described in more detail with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2B A further modification of this facial expression, which further reduces the risk of cavitation, is shown in FIG. 2B.
- the throttle 164 'arranged downstream of the valve 162' which is also designed as a 3/2-way valve, can be bridged by means of a sequence switching valve 165 'if the control pressure X exceeds a threshold pressure which can be set by a biasing spring 167'.
- Control circuits according to Figures 1 and 2 can be used, described in detail. Also in these figures are for those parts that are the components of the hydraulic previously described Control circuits correspond, assign similar reference numerals, preceded by a "2".
- the intermediate switching position 230-Z of the 3/2-way valve 230 is indicated schematically. It can be seen that in the intermediate switching position 230-Z the inlet side 222 and the outlet side 224 are throttled, i.e. are connected via an orifice 231, a further orifice 233 between the supply line 234 and the inlet line 222 throttling the pressure fluid flow to the piston group 220-2. Only in the second end switch position 230-B is the supply line 234 completely blocked, and the inlet 222 and outlet 224 of the piston group 220-2 are short-circuited.
- FIGS. 4A, 5A and 6A each show a section of the circuit for the switching position of the valve slide shown in FIGS. 4B, 5B and 6B.
- the 3/2-way valve 230 is shown in the switch position 230-A.
- a control slide 270 is accommodated in a bore 272 of a motor housing 274 in the vicinity of the generally axially extending distributor bores for actuating the individual radial pistons.
- a spring 232 tightens the control slide 270 according to FIG. 4B to the right against a stop surface 276, which delimits a control space 238, which guides the control pressure "X".
- connection B Three connections open into the bore 272, namely the connection B, the connection A and the connection 222 leading to the radial piston which can be switched on and off or to the radial piston group 220-2 which can be switched on and off.
- the reference number 278 denotes a recess in the control slide 270 , which ends in the control edges 280, 282. In the area of the control edges 280, 282, axial slots 284 are preferably uniformly distributed over the circumference. It can be seen that in the switching position according to FIG. 4B, which the control slide 270 assumes for a control pressure X in the range of, for example, 0 to 8 bar, the Port B is throttled through to supply port 222 of piston group 220-2. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4A, the radial piston motor 220 operates at full torque.
- control slide 270 is a so-called anti-cavitation valve
- the side of the control slide facing the stop surface 276 has a preferably central recess 277 into which a valve seat body 275 is screwed.
- the valve seat body cooperates with a valve ball 266, which is accommodated in a space 268 with play.
- An axial bore 279 extends from the space 268, which meets a branch bore 281 which opens into the recess 278 of the control slide.
- the geometry and the position of the valve ball 266 is matched to the geometry and the position of the axial bore 279 in such a way that the valve ball 266 cannot close the axial bore 279.
- the pressure applied via the connection B, the tap bore 281 and the axial bore 279 can press the valve ball 266 onto the valve seat of the valve seat body 275 as long as there is a corresponding pressure drop.
- the control pressure X is increased in the manner in which this has been explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 to a higher pressure range in which the switching process takes place .
- the control slide 270 assumes the position shown schematically in FIG. 5.
- the control pressure X is sufficiently large here to lift the control slide against the force of the spring 232 from the stop surface 276 and to the left as shown in FIG.
- the reference numerals 286-B and 286-A in FIG. 5B are the finely machined and rotating housing-side Provide control edges that interact with the axial slots 284-B, 284-A.
- this switching state is indicated by the adjustable chokes A1 and A2, the throttle point A1 corresponding to the axial slots 284-B and the throttle point A2 corresponding to the axial slots 284-A.
- the intermediate switching position shown in FIG. 5 is passed through in a controlled manner, the actuation pressure X preferably being programmed and, for example, being raised in accordance with a gently rising ramp.
- the control pressure X reaches a certain upper threshold value of, for example, 13 bar (in the embodiment shown)
- the 3/2-way valve assumes the second end switch position according to FIG. 6.
- the axial slots 284-B have completely passed over the complementary control edge 286-B for the connection B, while the control edge 280 on the connection A side opens the connection between the connection 222 and the connection A unthrottled.
- the radial piston motor works at an increased, usually double speed.
- the pistons of the deactivated piston group (s) 220-2 are also accelerated.
- the anti-cavitation valve ie the check valve 260, operates.
- the ball 266 lifts off the valve seat body 275, so that hydraulic fluid can be fed into the connection 222 under the pressure of the actuation pressure X via the axial bore 279 and the branch bore 281.
- valve 260 This operation of the valve 260 is also particularly important when the radial piston motor is started in the high-speed stage shown in FIG. 6.
- the special feature of the embodiment described above is that the anti-cavitation valve is accommodated in the 3/2-way valve 230 in an extremely space-saving manner.
- the radial piston motor is switched over from the high-speed stage to the low-speed stage by appropriately reducing the control pressure X, the path of the control spool being passed from one end switch position to the other at a controlled speed.
- control slots 284-B and 284-A are used again to counteract the occurrence of pressure peaks in the area of the connections to be opened and closed, which ultimately leads to the switching process being carried out smoothly and therefore gently for the individual components of the radial piston motor ,
- the embodiment of the hydraulic control circuit described above is also functional in the event that the direction of rotation of the radial piston motor is reversed by feeding fluid into port A under working pressure.
- the advantages of the control of the 3/2-way valve according to the invention which have already been described are retained.
- the disadvantage in the high-speed switching position according to FIG. 6 is that the inlet and outlet of the deactivated engine piston group are subjected to high pressure, which ultimately leads to undesired power losses.
- FIGS. 7 to 16 which is constructed in such a way that it can be used with the same efficiency in both directions of rotation of the radial piston motor.
- those components which correspond to the components of the previously described exemplary embodiments are provided with similar reference numerals, which, however, are preceded by a "3".
- the radial piston motor shown in FIG. 7 can be operated in the so-called "4-port configuration", ie it can be operated with the same efficiency in both directions of rotation for both the full and half the displacement volume.
- the valve arrangement designed as a continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 6 is designed as a continuously adjustable 4/2-way valve 330, the two end switch positions 330-A and 330-B of which are shown in FIG. 7 are shown.
- a continuously adjustable 3/2-way valve 360 with the two end switching positions 360-A and 360-B takes the place of the check valve 60, 160 or 260.
- control connection 338 of the 4/2-way valve 330 is in turn connected to the line carrying the control pressure X.
- This control pressure X is also applied to a control side 335 of the valve 360, which will be referred to below as an anti-cavitation valve.
- the pressure in the inlet of the continuously operating engine piston or the continuously operating engine piston group 320-1 is connected to a first connecting line 337 which leads to the inlet 322 of the engine piston (engine piston group) 320 which can be switched on and off -2 leads.
- the valve 330 switches through the outlet 324 of the engine piston group 320-2 via the second connecting line 339 to the outlet connection A.
- the control slide of the valve 330 closes the connection of the connection B carrying the working pressure to the first connection line 337 as well as the connection between the second connection line 339 and the drain connection A.
- the first and second connection lines 337, 339 are short-circuited, so that the engine piston group 320-2 can no longer contribute to increasing the torque. Since the speed of the engine runs up in this switching state, and the individual pistons 320-1 and 320-2 still are mechanically coupled, port C or 322 of piston group 320-2 is at risk of cavitation.
- valve slide of the anti-cavitation valve 360 assumes the switch position 360-B, in which the connection 361 carrying the control pressure X is switched through to the line branch 337K and thus to the connection 322. Undersupply of the suction area of engine piston group 320-2 is thus effectively prevented.
- FIGS. 8, 8A a concrete structure of the 4/2-way valve with integrated anti-cavitation valve 360 is described in more detail below. Corresponding reference numerals are used for those components which correspond to the components of previous embodiments, preceded by a "3".
- a valve or control slide 370 is accommodated in an axially displaceable manner in the bore 372 of a valve insert 371.
- the valve insert 371 is mounted in a sealed manner in a distributor part 374, so that the space on the right-hand side of the valve slide 370 according to FIG. 8 is connected to a region of low pressure in the system, for example tank pressure.
- the valve spool 370 has a stepped bore 373, in the central section of which a valve body 366 in the form of a cylindrical spool is accommodated in a precisely fitting and axially movable manner.
- the valve body 366 is supported on the right-hand side according to FIG. 8 on a compression spring 365 which presses the valve body 366 against a retaining pin 367 in the position shown in FIG. 8.
- the valve body 366 has a bore 369 on the side facing the low-pressure region, into which a plurality of radial branch channels 369a open at the end, which emanate from an annular groove 369b.
- the valve body 366 acts with a Control spool 370 formed control bore 381, which extends radially outwards and opens into a first piston recess 378-1 of the spool 370.
- valve body 366 on the first side As can be seen from FIGS. 8, 8A, the valve body 366 on the first side
- control slide 370 is prestressed by means of a compression spring 332 into a stop position shown in FIG. 8 (corresponds to the position 330-A of the valve 330 according to FIG. 7), in which the position shown in FIG. 8 left end face is clamped against a stop surface 376.
- the stop surface delimits a space which is in fluid communication with the actuation pressure X.
- a radial connection between the space 373V and the space in which the compression spring 332 is received is provided via radial recesses in the ledge of the spool 370, which are not shown in detail.
- a leakage connection is labeled LA.
- the piston recesses 378-1 and 378-2 form control edges 382-1, 382-2 and 382-3, in the area of which - similar to the configuration of the valve 230 according to FIGS. 4 to 6 - axial slots 384-1, 384 -2 and 384-3 are present.
- the connection channels for connections B and D each open into a recess 386B and 386D.
- Switch positions 330-A and 360-A Port B is unthrottled the recess 386B and the piston recess 378-1 are connected to the port C, so that the motor piston group 320-2, which can be switched on and off, is supplied with working fluid under working pressure on an equal footing with the piston group 320-1.
- the respective discharge sides of the engine piston group 320-1 and 320-2 are connected unthrottled by the connection A being connected to the connection D via the second piston recess 378-2 and the recess 386D.
- the valve body 366 of the anti-cavitation valve 360 assumes a position in which the connection between the connection C and a low pressure chamber or a tank pressure chamber T is blocked by the valve body 366 closing the radial channels 381 in the control slide 370.
- the valve arrangement is held in the position shown in FIG. 9 as long as the actuation pressure X does not exceed a predetermined first threshold value of, for example, 4 bar (corresponds to 58 psi).
- control slide 370 moves to the right against the force of the return spring 332 according to FIG. 10, so that the control edges 382-1 and 382-3 come into operation. Because of the axial recesses 384-1 and 384-3, a throttled connection between the connections B and C on the one hand and the connections A and D on the other hand is maintained.
- the first intermediate switching position of the continuously adjustable 4/2-way valve 330 is designated 330-Z1 in FIG. 10A. This switch position is held, for example, in a pressure window between 4 and 7.7 bar (between 58 and 112 psi).
- control slide 370 moves further to the right — according to FIG. 11. In this position there remains a throttled connection between the
- This second intermediate switching position is designated 330-Z2 and is realized in a second pressure window, which is maintained, for example, in the range between 7.7 and 15 bar (corresponds to a range between 112 and 218 psi).
- the control pressure X is already large enough here to lift the valve body 366 off the stop pin, the anti-cavitation valve 360 remains in the end switch position 360-A.
- control pressure X is raised further and a pressure window of, for example, 15 to 16 bar (corresponds to 218 to 232 psi) is reached, the control edges 382-1 and 382-3 completely seal the connections between B and C on the one hand and between D and A on the other hand, so that the continuously adjustable 4/2-way valve 330 assumes a third intermediate switching position 330-Z3, in which, however, the connection between the connections C and D, ie the short-circuiting of the inlet and outlet side of the motor piston group 320-2, which can be switched on and off, is throttled because the axial recesses 384-2 are still effective.
- the control slide 370 reaches its second end switch position 330-B, which is shown in FIGS. 13, 13A and represents a stop switch position.
- the connection between the connections C and D is now opened without throttling.
- the actuation pressure X has taken on a sufficiently large value to move the valve body 366 into an intermediate switching position 360-Z (see FIG. 13A).
- connections C and D to the tank side T are briefly established in order to keep energy losses as small as possible in the area of the engine pistons or engine piston group which are short-circuited and deactivated in this operating state.
- the valve body 366 - When the actuation pressure X reaches the highest threshold value, for example of 19 bar (corresponds to 276 psi), the valve body 366 - according to FIG. 14 - is pushed so far to the right that the shoulder 366S opens the radial channel 381.
- the ports C and D are thus connected to the control pressure X, i.e. the side of the engine piston group 320-2 that can be switched on and off to protect against cavitation is reliably supplied with fluid that is at a sufficiently high pressure so that the intake pressure in the engine piston in question does not fall below a critical limit value.
- the anti-cavitation valve 360 thus occupies the second end switch position 360-B.
- valves 330 and 360 are equally ensured if the direction of rotation of the radial piston motor is reversed. It should also be emphasized that the jerk-free switching between the speeds, which is realized by the control of the valves 330 and 360 according to the invention and thus the components as far as possible, is also ensured in the event that the radial piston motor is in the switching position of the valves according to FIG. ie starts at high speed and then switches to half speed and double torque. In this case, the control pressure X is lowered in a controlled manner, so that the switching positions according to FIGS. 14, 13, 12, 11, 10 and 9 are taken in sequence.
- the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 14 is also characterized by a very space-saving construction.
- the valve arrangement with the continuously adjustable 4/2-way valves 330 and the anti-cavitation valve 360 can easily be accommodated in housing parts of the radial piston motor, the modular design even opening up the possibility of retrofitting radial piston motors that are already commercially available with the valve arrangement according to the invention.
- the time course with which the actuation pressure X is changed between the different speeds when the radial piston motor is switched over is preferably program-controlled again, as has already been explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that adaptation is made with simple means to the various operating states of the radial piston motor.
- the positive overlap of the control edges in the area of the control spool ' 370 can be varied within wide limits in order to fine-tune the particular areas of application of the radial piston motor.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 a further exemplary embodiment of a control circuit according to the invention is shown with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, in which the protection of the radial piston motor against cavitation phenomena is accomplished in another way.
- those components which correspond to the components of the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 14 are identified with similar reference numerals, which, however, are preceded by a “4”.
- an anti-cavitation valve designated 460 is designed as an external 2/2-way valve. It has a valve slide 466, which can be moved against its force by a return spring 465 from its locked position 460-A to its through position 460-B, in which the system pressure P is switched through to branch line 437K and thus to connections C or C and D, when the engine piston group 420-2 is deactivated in the switching position 430-B of the continuously adjustable 4/2-way valve 430 and thus the radial piston engine with increased, ie double speed runs.
- a control slide 470 of the continuously adjustable 4/2-way valve 430 can be embodied in a simplified manner, ie as a full piston, with a further connection CK being provided in an insert body 471 for coupling the line coming from the anti-cavitation valve 460.
- the configuration of the valve corresponds to 16 of that of the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 14, so that a detailed description can be dispensed with.
- the hydraulic control circuit can thus also be designed as a unit decoupled from the engine.
- valves in the housing of the rotor instead of in the motor housing.
- the hydraulic control circuit can of course also be used for radial piston motors in which the speed is changed in several stages.
- valve arrangement shown which has the advantage that an existing control slide valve only has to be redesigned slightly and can be carried out in a very space-saving manner
- a proportional valve in the pressure supply line of the motor piston group that can be switched on and off.
- the control is also selected so that no excessive pressure peaks occur in the individual components of the control circuit and on the components involved in the power transmission, so that the switching process can be carried out smoothly and without pressure.
- Control edges on the continuously adjustable directional valve responsible axial slots alone or additionally in the part forming the valve slide bore can be adapted to the temporal course of the signal for the actuation pressure X, it also being possible to have different signal courses for different switching directions and / or for different directions of rotation of the radial piston motor to generate the control pressure X.
- the embodiments were described above using an application of the control circuit according to the invention in a radial piston motor according to the multi-stroke principle. However, it is emphasized that the invention is not limited to this field of application.
- control circuit is suitable while maintaining the functional principle of the jerk-free switching of the speeds for all hydraulic motors in which the switching of the speed takes place by selective "neutralizing" and activating selected motor working chambers or working chamber groups.
- control circuit is also not limited to that
- the invention thus provides a hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic motor, in particular a radial piston motor with two speeds, with which the switching between the speeds takes place by changing the swallowing volume in that, for a selected number of motor pistons, the inlet side is short-circuited with the outlet side by means of a valve arrangement.
- a valve arrangement In order to ensure in a particularly space-saving manner that the switching between the speeds occurs smoothly and therefore as gently as possible for the individual structural components, at least one intermediate switching position is provided for the valve arrangement between the two end switching positions, in which the Inlet side throttled with the outlet side, ie is connected via an aperture arrangement.
- the valve arrangement is preferably actuated in such a way that a valve body can be moved over the intermediate switching position at a controlled speed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/203,625 US7090475B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-02-15 | Hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic engine with at least two speeds |
JP2001560011A JP4808890B2 (ja) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-02-15 | 少なくとも2つの速度を有する油圧モータ向け油圧制御回路 |
DE50106387T DE50106387D1 (de) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-02-15 | Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydromotor mit mindestens zwei geschwindigkeiten |
EP01909759A EP1255930B1 (de) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-02-15 | Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydromotor mit mindestens zwei geschwindigkeiten |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10007155 | 2000-02-17 | ||
DE10007155.4 | 2000-02-17 | ||
DE10041435A DE10041435A1 (de) | 2000-02-17 | 2000-08-23 | Hydraulische Steuerschaltung für einen Hydromotor mit mindestens zwei Geschwindigkeiten |
DE10041435.4 | 2000-08-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001061186A1 true WO2001061186A1 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
Family
ID=26004379
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/001702 WO2001061186A1 (de) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-02-15 | Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydromotor mit mindestens zwei geschwindigkeiten |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7090475B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1255930B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001061186A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1416121A1 (de) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-06 | Eaton Corporation | Anti-Kavitationssystem eines Drehzahlmotors des Gerotortyps mit zwei Geschwindigkeiten |
DE102022134056B3 (de) | 2022-12-20 | 2024-06-27 | Danfoss Power Solutions Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydraulischen motor |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8444400B2 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2013-05-21 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hydraulic cylinder having piston-mounted bypass valve |
US8851112B2 (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2014-10-07 | 1566618 Alberta Ltd. | Dual configuration hydraulic manifold apparatus and system |
DE102014212203A1 (de) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatische Maschinenanordnung |
DE102017205846A1 (de) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-10-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulischer Antrieb für die Vorschubwalzen eines Kopfes eines Holzvollernters |
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US5001964A (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1991-03-26 | Poclain Hydraulics | Pressurized fluid mechanism with two cubic capacities and closed circuit applying same |
US5435135A (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1995-07-25 | Poclain Hydraulics | Reversible pressurized fluid mechanism such as a motor or a pump and having at least two operating cylinder capacities |
EP0921309A1 (de) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-09 | Poclain Hydraulics | Hydraulikmotor mit Schaltventil |
EP1058002A2 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-06 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | Stossfrei arbeitender Wähler zur Veränderung des Verdrängungsvolumens eines hydraulischen Motors |
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DE2514624C3 (de) * | 1975-04-03 | 1986-10-23 | Danfoss A/S, Nordborg | Steuereinrichtung für mindestens einen hydraulisch betriebenen doppeltwirkenden Verbraucher |
FR2481755A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-11-06 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | Moteur a fluide sous pression muni d'un dispositif de selection de sa vitesse de rotation |
FR2522626A1 (fr) * | 1982-03-02 | 1983-09-09 | Morillon Ets | Dispositif d'assistance au demarrage d'extracteur a vis equipant des cellules de stockage de produits pulverulents ou granuleux |
US4543786A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-10-01 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Control system for hydrostatic transmission |
FR2588616B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-16 | 1988-01-08 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | Mecanisme, moteur a pompe, a au moins deux cylindrees actives distinctes. |
FR2673684B1 (fr) * | 1991-03-04 | 1993-07-09 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | Ensemble d'un moteur a fluide sous pression a plusieurs cylindrees et d'un frein associe. |
JPH082269A (ja) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-09 | Komatsu Ltd | 油圧駆動式走行装置の走行制御回路 |
JP3127842B2 (ja) | 1996-11-01 | 2001-01-29 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | カムモータ装置 |
EP0841231B1 (de) * | 1996-11-11 | 2003-07-02 | Denso Corporation | Bremssteueranlage für Fahrzeuge |
US6318235B1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2001-11-20 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | Hydraulic motor cylinder-capacity selector for avoiding jarring when switching from one cylinder capacity to another |
DE19930425A1 (de) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-04 | Mannesmann Rexroth Ag | Hydrostatischer Fahrantrieb |
US6422804B1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2002-07-23 | Deere & Company | Inertia load dampening hydraulic system |
US6609368B2 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2003-08-26 | Caterpillar S.A.R.L. | Automatic downshift and override control for a transmission |
-
2001
- 2001-02-15 EP EP01909759A patent/EP1255930B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-15 US US10/203,625 patent/US7090475B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-15 WO PCT/EP2001/001702 patent/WO2001061186A1/de active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5001964A (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1991-03-26 | Poclain Hydraulics | Pressurized fluid mechanism with two cubic capacities and closed circuit applying same |
US5435135A (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1995-07-25 | Poclain Hydraulics | Reversible pressurized fluid mechanism such as a motor or a pump and having at least two operating cylinder capacities |
EP0921309A1 (de) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-09 | Poclain Hydraulics | Hydraulikmotor mit Schaltventil |
EP1058002A2 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-06 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | Stossfrei arbeitender Wähler zur Veränderung des Verdrängungsvolumens eines hydraulischen Motors |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1416121A1 (de) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-06 | Eaton Corporation | Anti-Kavitationssystem eines Drehzahlmotors des Gerotortyps mit zwei Geschwindigkeiten |
DE102022134056B3 (de) | 2022-12-20 | 2024-06-27 | Danfoss Power Solutions Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Hydraulische steuerschaltung für einen hydraulischen motor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030167770A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
EP1255930A1 (de) | 2002-11-13 |
EP1255930B1 (de) | 2005-06-01 |
US7090475B2 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
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