WO2001047407A1 - Instrument de mesure de caracteristiques optiques - Google Patents
Instrument de mesure de caracteristiques optiques Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001047407A1 WO2001047407A1 PCT/JP2000/009288 JP0009288W WO0147407A1 WO 2001047407 A1 WO2001047407 A1 WO 2001047407A1 JP 0009288 W JP0009288 W JP 0009288W WO 0147407 A1 WO0147407 A1 WO 0147407A1
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- Prior art keywords
- optical
- light
- conversion member
- light receiving
- optical system
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000973621 Concinnum ten Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-Epiaffinine Natural products C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(=O)CC2C(=CC)CN(C)C1C2CO PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003323 beak Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/107—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/103—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for precisely measuring optical characteristics, and more particularly, to a device for measuring optical characteristics including a position changing unit for changing a position of a beam to be converted by a first conversion member.
- the focus of the illumination optical system is adjusted at the light receiving level of the first light receiving unit, and the optical characteristics (S There is a device that adjusts the focus of the receiving optical system based on).
- Japanese Patent Application No. 9- 1 3 7 6 3 0 Japanese Patent Application No. 9- 1 3 7 6 3 0
- the present applicant has also applied for a device for measuring optical characteristics using a plurality of beams by means of a beam conversion member known as a Zoretmann plate. (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-4-2940)
- a first light source emits a light beam of a first wavelength
- a first illumination optical system illuminates a minute area on a retina of a subject's eye with a light beam from the first light source
- a first light receiving optical system guides the luminous flux, which has transmitted and / or reflected at least one surface of the object to be measured, to the first light receiving unit via a conversion member for converting the luminous flux into at least nine beams, and the position change is performed.
- the unit changes the position of the beam converted by the first conversion member, and the calculation unit obtains the optical characteristics of the measurement object based on the first signal from the first light receiving unit corresponding to the tilt angle of the light beam. Can be.
- the position changing section of the present invention can change the position of the beam converted by the first conversion member by at least one of linear movement and rotational movement of the first conversion member.
- the position changing unit of the present invention can move the first conversion member to at least one of a mechanical configuration and an optical configuration.
- the position changing unit of the present invention changes the position of the beam converted by the first converting member by at least one of linear movement and rotational movement of the first converting member, thereby performing the conversion before the change.
- the converted beam position after the change can be set to a substantially middle position of the beam.
- the calculation unit of the present invention can calculate the optical characteristics of the object to be measured, respectively, based on the data before and after the position of the beam is changed, and determine the processing according to their deviation. .
- the calculation unit of the present invention is based on the data before and after the beam position is changed, and the optical characteristics of the measured object calculated based on the data before and after the change are separated by a predetermined value or more, Then, the measurement can be performed again.
- the calculation unit of the present invention based on the data before and after changing the beam position, based on the data before and after the change, when the optical characteristic of the measured object is within a predetermined value,
- the measurement result can also be obtained from the average value.
- the optical characteristic of the measured object calculated based on the data before and after the change of the beam position and based on the data before and after the change of the beam position is within a predetermined value,
- the measurement object is an eye to be examined
- at least one surface of the measurement object is a cornea surface
- the first illumination optical system illuminates the cornea
- the first light receiving optical system is reflected by the cornea surface.
- the light is received via the first conversion member for converting the light beam into at least nine beams
- the calculation unit can also obtain the corneal shape of the eye to be examined as the optical characteristic of the object
- the object to be measured is the eye to be inspected
- at least one surface of the object to be measured is the retina
- the first illumination optical system illuminates the retina
- the first light receiving optical system outputs the light reflected by the retina.
- the light is received via the first conversion member for converting the light into at least nine beams
- the arithmetic unit can obtain the refractive power of the eye as the optical characteristic of the object.
- the object to be measured is an optical lens
- the first illumination optical system illuminates an illumination light beam that passes or reflects through the optical lens
- the first light receiving optical system passes through or reflects the optical lens. It is also possible to receive the light through a first conversion member for converting the illumination light beam into at least nine beams.
- At least two types of first conversion members are provided, and the first conversion member is exchanged from one first conversion member to the other first conversion member by linear movement or rotational movement. However, it can be inserted in the optical path.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical property measuring apparatus 1000 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the openings of the Not and Lutmann plates.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical property measuring apparatus 1001 which is a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical property measuring apparatus 1000 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the optical configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 2000 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 300 of the fifth embodiment.
- C is an electrical configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 300 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a frequency distribution.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical property measuring device 40000 of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the electrical configuration of the optical property measuring device 400000 of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a view for explaining the movement of the conversion member 400.
- FIG. 18 is a view for explaining the movement of the conversion member 400.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining rotation of the conversion member 400.
- FIG. 20 shows the rotation of the conversion member 400.
- FIG. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 5000 of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the rotational movement of the substrate 410.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the linear movement of the substrate 410.
- the eye characteristic measuring apparatus 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first light source section 100 for emitting a light beam of a first wavelength,
- the first illumination optical system 200 OA for illuminating a minute area on the retina of the eye with the light beam from the light source unit 100 so that the illumination conditions can be changed, and the light reflected from the retina of the eye to be inspected
- a first light receiving optical system 30 0 for guiding a part of the returning light beam to a first light receiving unit 5 10 via a first conversion member 400 for converting the reflected light beam into at least 9 beams.
- a second light receiving optical system 300 B for guiding the second light flux returning from the retina of the eye to be examined to the second light receiving section 520, and a first light receiving optical system corresponding to the inclination angle of the light flux.
- An arithmetic unit 600 for obtaining the optical characteristics of the subject's eye based on the first signal from the light receiving unit 5100.
- the arithmetic section 600 controls the entire control including the control section 6100.
- control unit 6110 receives the signals 4, 7, (1 0) from the first light receiving unit 5110, the second light receiving unit 5200, and the third light receiving unit 5330, and In addition to controlling the driving of the first light source unit 100 to the fourth light source unit 140 and the driving of the first to third driving units 910 to 930, the display unit 700 and the memory 80 0 is controlled.
- the first light source 100 preferably has high spatial coherence and low temporal coherence.
- the first light source unit 100 of the first embodiment employs the SLD, so that a point light source with high luminance can be obtained.
- the first light source unit 100 of the first embodiment is not limited to the SLD. Even if the coherence is high both in space and time like a laser, a rotary diffusion plate is inserted. Thus, it can be used by appropriately reducing the time coherence.
- the amount can be used by inserting a pinhole at the position of the light source in the optical path.
- a wavelength in the infrared region for example, 78 Onm can be used.
- the first illumination optical system 200 A is for illuminating a minute area on the fundus of the eye with the light beam from the first light source unit 100.
- the first illumination optical system 20OA passed through the first collimating lens 2110 and the first condenser lens 22Ob, and corrected astigmatism of the subject's eye by the cylindrical lens 220a. After converging once, the eye to be examined is illuminated via the objective lens 310.
- the first light receiving optical system 300OA receives a light beam reflected from the retina of the eye to be examined and returns, and guides the light beam to the first light receiving unit 5110.
- the first light receiving optical system 300OA includes a first afocal lens 310 and a light receiving section 300B.
- the light receiving section 300 B includes a second collimating lens 320, a first beam splitter 330, and a conversion member 4 for converting the reflected light beam into at least nine beams. It consists of 0 0 and.
- a first beam splitter 330 is inserted into the first light receiving optical system 300 A, and the light from the first illumination optical system 200 A is transmitted to the subject's eye 100. It is configured to emit light and transmit reflected light.
- the first light receiving unit 5100 receives the light from the first light receiving optical system 300A that has passed through the conversion member 400, and generates a first signal.
- the first light source unit 100 and the fundus are conjugate, and the fundus and the first light receiving unit 5100 are conjugate. Further, the conversion member 400 and the pupil are also conjugate.
- the anterior focal point of the first afocal lens 310 substantially coincides with the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, which is the object to be inspected.
- the first illumination optical system 200 A and the first light receiving optical system 300 A are assumed to be reflected at a point where the light flux from the first light source unit 100 is condensed. Maintains the relationship where the signal peak at the first light receiving section 5 10 is maximum, moves in conjunction with it, moves in the direction where the signal beak at the first light receiving section 5 10 becomes stronger, and has the maximum intensity. It is configured to stop at the position where As a result, the luminous flux from the first light source unit 100 is It will be focused on the optometry.
- the conversion member 400 arranged in the first light receiving optical system 300OA is a wavefront conversion member for converting the reflected light beam into a plurality of beams.
- a plurality of micro Fresnel lenses arranged in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis are employed.
- An example of the conversion member is shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. In each case, the center opening is arranged so as to coincide with the optical axis of the optical system.
- micro Fresnel lens will be described in detail.
- a micro Fresnel lens is an optical element that has an annular zone at a height pitch for each wavelength and has a blaze optimized for emission parallel to the focal point.
- the micro-Fresnel lens that can be used here has, for example, an optical path length difference of 8 levels using semiconductor microfabrication technology, and can achieve a collection efficiency of 98%.
- the light reflected from the fundus passes through the first afocal lens 310 and the second cylinder lens 320, and is condensed on the first light receiving unit 5110 via the conversion member 400.
- the conversion member 400 may be constituted by a microlens portion that performs a converging operation and an opening portion that performs a transmitting operation in each of at least nine regions.
- the conversion member 400 of the first embodiment is constituted by a wavefront conversion member that converts a reflected light beam into at least nine or more beams.
- the first light receiving section 5100 is for receiving a plurality of beams converted by the conversion member 400.
- a CCD with low readout noise is employed. I have.
- the CCD any type such as a general low-noise type, a cooling CCD of a 200 * 200 element for measurement, and the like can be used.
- the image signal output from the low-noise CCD and its driver is It can be easily realized by using an image input board.
- the first light receiving optical system 300 A forms a substantially conjugate relationship with the iris to be examined and the conversion member 400.
- the first beam splitter 330 is inserted into the light receiving optical system 300, and the light from the illumination optical system 200 is transmitted to the eye 100 to be inspected, and the reflected light is transmitted. It is configured to transmit light.
- a working distance adjusting optical system for adjusting a working distance between the subject's eye 1000 and the optical property measuring device 100 ', and an optical property measuring device 100'
- An alignment optical system that adjusts the positional relationship between the device 100 and the optical axis in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis, and a second illumination optical system that illuminates an object are provided.
- the alignment is performed as follows.
- the light beam from the second light source unit 110 is condensed by the lens 37 0, the beam splitters 350, 340, and the subject's eye 10 10 via the objective lens 310.
- 0 0 is illuminated with a substantially parallel light beam.
- the reflected light beam reflected by the cornea of the subject's eye is emitted as a divergent light beam as if it were emitted from a point 1/2 the corneal curvature radius.
- This divergent light beam is received as a spot image by the second light receiving section 52 0 via the objective lens 310, the beam splitters 350, 340, and the condenser lens 370.
- the spot image is off the optical axis on the second light receiving section 520, move and adjust the optical property measuring device 100000 up, down, left and right so that it is on the optical axis. c When the spot image coincides with the optical axis on the second light receiving section 520, the alignment adjustment is completed.
- the wavelength of the second light source section 11 ° is different from the wavelength of the first light source section 100, and a longer wavelength, for example, 940 nm can be selected.
- the beam splitters 340 are formed by dichroic mirrors that transmit the wavelength of the first light source unit 100 and reflect the wavelength of the second light source unit 110, so that the light beams Can be prevented from entering the other optical system and causing noise.
- the alignment adjustment is completed. Also, by illuminating the anterior segment of the subject's eye with the third light source unit 120, an image of the subject's eye is formed on the second light receiving unit 52. The alignment can also be adjusted so that the center of the pupil coincides with the optical axis. Next, the working distance is adjusted by irradiating a parallel light beam near the optical axis emitted from the fourth light source unit 130 toward the object, and condensing light reflected from the eye to be inspected, which is the object. This is performed by receiving light through the third light receiving section 5300 through the lens 531.
- the third light receiving section 5300 only needs to be able to detect a change in the light flux position in a plane including the fourth light source section 130, the optical axis, and the third light receiving section 5300. It can be composed of a one-dimensional CCD and a position sensing device (PSD) arranged in the plane.
- PSD position sensing device
- a spot image from the fourth light source unit 130 is formed on the optical axis of the third light receiving unit 530, and the subject deviates from the proper working distance back and forth. In each case, a spot image is formed above or below the optical axis.
- the electrical configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 1000 will be described based on FIG.
- the electrical configuration of the eye characteristic measuring apparatus 100000 is as follows: an arithmetic section 600, a control section 6100, a display section 700, a memory 800, and a first drive section 91. 0, a second drive section 920, and a third drive section 920.
- the control unit 6100 controls lighting and extinguishing of the first light source unit 100 based on a control signal from the arithmetic unit 600 and controls the first drive unit 910 and the second drive This is for controlling the section 9200 and the third drive section 9300.
- the first drive unit 910 moves the entire first illumination optical system 20OA in the optical axis direction based on the signal from the first light receiving unit 5100 input to the arithmetic unit 600. Or a first drive unit 910 for rotating and adjusting the first cylinder lens 220a of the first illumination system 20OA around the optical axis. When driven, the movement and adjustment of the illumination optical system 20 OA are performed.
- the second drive section 920 is for moving the entire light receiving optical system 30OA in the optical axis direction based on the signal from the first light receiving section 5100 input to the arithmetic section 600. It is.
- the second drive unit 920 is configured to drive appropriate lens moving means to move and adjust the light receiving optical system 300A.
- the third driving unit 930 drives the appropriate rotation or moving means based on the control signal from the arithmetic unit 600 to move the conversion member 400 around the optical axis or parallel to the optical axis. It is for rotating or moving in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis around a suitable axis. Third drive 930 and appropriate rotation or moving means correspond to the position conversion unit.
- the position conversion unit is for changing the position of the beam to be converted by the conversion member 400.
- the position changing portion of the present embodiment corresponds to a portion formed from a mechanical configuration.
- step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1), measurement is started.
- S2 image data is obtained from the first light receiving unit 5110.
- the first check in S3 is to determine whether or not the measurement object has moved before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 by observing the image of the object on the second light-receiving unit 520, etc. Further, the determination is made based on whether or not the light receiving position of the light beam passing through the opening at the center of the conversion member 400 of the first light receiving optical system 300 A has changed.
- S3a it is determined whether or not to perform the determination based on the movement of the object. If the determination is made, the process proceeds to S3b, and if not, the process proceeds to S3c. That is, after acquiring the image in S2, it is determined whether or not the movement of the target is determined in S3a.
- S3a the spot image due to the light flux reflected from the cornea of the subject's eye moved from the optical axis before and after the measurement using the output signal of the second light-receiving unit 520. It is determined whether or not the movement amount is smaller than a predetermined value.
- S3c it is determined whether or not the object has moved during the movement of the conversion member 400 (Hartmann plate) by using the light beam passing through the center opening of the conversion member 400 (Hartmann plate). Judge whether or not.
- S3c if the determination based on the center opening position is not performed, the process proceeds to Check 1 YES, and if the determination is performed, the process proceeds to S3d.
- S3d the light is transmitted using the light beam that has passed through the opening or the lens portion of the conversion member 400 before and after the conversion member 400, the position of which does not change. For example, when the conversion member 400 is rotated around an axis other than the optical axis and parallel to the optical axis, the light beam passing through the opening at the center of rotation is used. The determination can be made using a light beam passing through the aperture at the same position.
- S3d it is determined whether the position of the light beam that has passed through the predetermined aperture has changed significantly before and after the movement of the conversion member. If the position has changed significantly, the process returns to S2 (Check 1 No), and the image is again displayed. After obtaining, repeat the check of S3. In S3d, if the luminous flux position that has passed through the predetermined aperture has not changed significantly, the flow proceeds to S3 '(Check 1 YES) to determine whether or not the predetermined number of data has been obtained. .
- the process proceeds to S4, and the position of the center of gravity is detected.
- the position of the center of gravity can be determined, for example, such that the projected light beam is projected onto a plurality of pixels on the light receiving surface, and the intensity of the light beam at each pixel is referred to.
- S6 it is determined whether or not to use Image Rote 900.
- the process proceeds to S7, where the Zernike coefficients are calculated before and after each rotation or movement of the conversion member 400.
- the calculation of the Zernike coefficient is performed by the calculation unit 600 based on the fourth and fifth equations described later.
- step S7 calculate (C nm ) i from all images.
- a Zernike coefficient at each rotation (movement) position (shown in Equations 4 and 5 described later) is calculated.
- the process proceeds to S9.
- S9 the movement of the eye 1000 before and after the change of the conversion member 400 is determined from the tilt component, the spherical component, and the astigmatism factor based on the Zernike coefficients.
- the process returns to S2, and an image is obtained again and the subsequent processing is repeated. If the result of determination in S9 is that the amount of movement of the object is smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to S10, where the average value of the Zernike coefficients at each rotation (or movement) position is calculated.
- S9a it is determined whether or not to determine whether or not the target object has moved before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. If the determination is made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9b. If the determination is not made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9c.
- S9c it is determined whether or not the spherical component of the object falls within a predetermined value before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. It is determined whether or not. If this determination is made in S9c, the process proceeds to S9d, and if this determination is not made in S9c, the process proceeds to S9e.
- the determination of S 9 d uses the 11 ⁇ ! 3 value (mean-square value) of the Zernike term Z 21 indicating the spherical component among the Zernike coefficients (C, im ) i, and moves the object that is the spherical component Judge the quantity.
- the coefficient of Zernike expansion be.
- the coefficient of the Zernike term Z 21 for the spherical component is C 21
- the total RMS value is Is represented by
- S9e it is determined whether or not the astigmatism component of the object falls within a predetermined value before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. It is determined whether to do so. If the determination is made in S9e, the process proceeds to S9f. If the determination is not made in S9e, the process proceeds to S10.
- Zernike term Z 2 which indicates the cylindrical component (C) and the cylindrical axis component (Ax) of the Zernike coefficient (C nm ) i. And obtaining the sum of the RMS value of Z 22 (the root mean square value, the magnitude of the cylindrical component).
- the cylindrical axis component (Ax) is
- Ax l 2 arc an (C 20 / C 22).
- S10 the average value of the Zernike coefficients at each rotation (or movement) position is calculated. Then, in S 11, the movement amount of the entire first illumination optical system 20 OA and the light receiving unit 300 B, and (S, C, Ax, SA, Coma,;) calculated from the Zernike polynomial are displayed on the display unit 700. I do. After displaying the calculation result in S11, proceed to S12 and end the measurement.
- an optical characteristic measuring apparatus 10001 which is a modification of the first embodiment includes a first light source unit 100 for emitting a light beam of a first wavelength, and a light beam from the first light source unit 100.
- a first illumination optical system 20 OA for illuminating a minute area on the retina of the eye to be changed so that its illumination condition can be changed; and a part of a light flux reflected from the retina of the eye to be returned and at least a reflected light flux.
- a first light receiving optical system 30 OA for guiding to the first light receiving unit 510 via the first converting member 400 for converting into nine beams, and a first light receiving unit 5 10 corresponding to the inclination angle of the light beam It comprises a calculation unit 600 for obtaining the optical characteristics of the eye to be inspected based on the first signal from the imager, and an image rotation unit 900.
- the first light receiving optical system 30 OA is for receiving a light beam reflected and returned from the retina of the subject's eye and guiding the light beam to the first light receiving unit 510.
- the first receiving optical system 30 OA is The zoom lens includes a focal lens 310, a first beam splitter 330, and a light receiving unit 300B. Further, the light receiving section 300B includes a first collimating lens 320, an image rotor 900, and a conversion member 400 for converting the reflected light beam into at least 17 beams. It is composed of
- the image rotor 900 is for rotating or moving the spot image.
- the image rotor 900 is rotated or moved by an appropriate image rotor driving means.
- the third drive section 9300 is controlled by the arithmetic section 600.
- the image rotor overnight driving means is controlled and driven to rotate or move the image rotor overnight 900.
- a step motor or a piezo element can be used as the image rotation overnight driving means.
- the third driving section 9390 and the image rota overnight driving means correspond to the position converting section.
- the position changing section of the modification of the first embodiment corresponds to the optical configuration.
- step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1), measurement is started.
- S2 the image data is acquired from the first light receiving unit 5110.
- S3 it is determined whether or not the predetermined rotation data has been obtained, and if the predetermined rotation data has been obtained, the process proceeds to S4.
- S4 the position of the center of gravity is detected.
- the position of the center of gravity can be determined, for example, such that the projected light beam is projected onto a plurality of pixels on the light receiving surface and the intensity of the light beam of each pixel is referred to.
- Measurement position accuracy of 0 or less can be ensured. If the predetermined rotation time is not obtained in S3, the process proceeds to S5, in which the third driving unit 930 is driven to rotate or move the conversion member 400. It is configured to return to S2.
- step S7 calculate (C nm ) i from all images.
- the Zernike coefficients at each rotation (movement) position are calculated.
- the process proceeds to S9.
- S9 the movement of the subject's eye 1000 before and after the change of the conversion member 400 is determined from the tilt component, the spherical component and the astigmatism factor based on the Zernike coefficients.
- the process returns to S2, and an image is obtained again and the subsequent processing is repeated. If the result of determination in S9 is that the amount of movement of the target object is smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to S10, where the Ti1t component (defocus) for each image is calculated.
- S9a it is determined whether or not to determine whether or not the target object has moved before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. If this determination is made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9b, and if this determination is not made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9c.
- RMSI is revealed by (Cio 2/4 + Cii 2 /4) ° ⁇ 5.
- the astigmatism component of the object before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 is determined based on the Zernike coefficients obtained before and after the movement of the conversion member 400. It is determined whether to determine whether the value is within the value. If the determination is made in S9e, the process proceeds to S9f. If the determination is not made in S9e, the process proceeds to S10.
- Zernike term Z 2 which indicates the cylindrical component (C) and the cylindrical axis component (Ax) of the Zernike coefficient (C nm ) i. And obtaining the sum of the RMS value of Z 22 (the root mean square value, the magnitude of the cylindrical component).
- the cylindrical axis component (Ax) is Is represented by
- the Zernike coefficients are calculated using all the points.
- the Zernike coefficient is calculated by the calculation unit 600 based on the fourth and fifth equations described later.
- the display unit displays the entire movement of the first illumination optical system 20OA and the light receiving unit 300B, and (S, C, Ax, SA, Coma) calculated from the Zernike polynomial. Displayed at 700. After displaying the calculation result in S15, proceed to S12 and end the measurement.
- step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1), measurement is started.
- S2 image data is obtained from the first light receiving unit 5110.
- S3 it is determined whether or not the predetermined rotation data has been obtained, and if the predetermined rotation data has been obtained, the process proceeds to S4.
- S4 the position of the center of gravity is detected.
- the position of the center of gravity can be determined, for example, such that the projected light beam is projected onto a plurality of pixels on the light receiving surface and the intensity of the light beam of each pixel is referred to.
- S6 it is determined whether or not the image rotation 900 is to be used.
- the process proceeds to S7, where the Zernike coefficients after rotation or movement of the conversion member 400 are calculated.
- the calculation of the Zernike coefficient is performed by the calculation unit 600 based on the fourth and fifth equations described later.
- step S7 calculate (C nm ) i from all images.
- a Zernike coefficient at each rotation (movement) position (shown in Equations 4 and 5 described later) is calculated.
- the process proceeds to S9.
- S9 the movement of the eye 1000 before and after the change of the conversion member 400 is determined from the tilt component, the spherical component, and the astigmatism factor based on the Zernike coefficients.
- the process returns to S2, and an image is obtained again and the subsequent processing is repeated.
- the result of determination in S9 is that the amount of movement of the object is smaller than the predetermined value, the flow proceeds to S10, and the calculation mode is selected.
- S10 a selection is made between the Zernike average mode (1) and the spot combining mode (2).
- S9a it is determined whether or not to determine whether or not the target object has moved before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. If the determination is made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9b. If the determination is not made in S9a, the process proceeds to S9c.
- the Zernike term Z 10 which indicates the tilt component, is given by: ⁇ ! Using the value (mean-square value), the movement amount of the object, which is the tilt component, is determined. Let the coefficient of Zernike expansion be. The coefficient of the Zernike terms Z 10 and ⁇ 11 for the tilt component is ⁇ 1 . , (, The total! ⁇ ! ⁇
- RMS 1 (Cio 2/4 + Ci, 2/4) 0.
- the spherical component of the object before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 is reduced to a predetermined value or less based on the calculated Zernike coefficient before and after the movement of the conversion member 400. It is determined whether it is determined whether or not it is within the range.
- S9e it is determined whether or not the astigmatism component of the object falls within a predetermined value before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 before and after the movement of the conversion member 400 based on the obtained Zernike coefficients. It is determined whether to do so. If the determination is made in S9e, the process proceeds to S9f. If the determination is not made in S9e, the process proceeds to S10.
- Zernike term Z 2 which indicates the cylindrical component (C) and the cylindrical axis component (Ax) of the Zernike coefficient (C nm ) i. And obtaining the sum of the RMS value of Z 22 (the root mean square value, the magnitude of the cylindrical component).
- the cylindrical axis component (Ax) is Is represented by
- the process proceeds to S11, where the average value of the Zernike coefficients at each rotation (or movement) position is calculated. Then, in S11, after calculating the average value of the Zernike coefficients, the process proceeds to S12, and in S12, the movement amount of the entire first illumination optical system 20OA and the light receiving unit 300B and the Zernike polynomial are used to calculate (S , C, Ax, SA, Coma, :) etc. are displayed on the display unit 700,
- the Zernike coefficients are calculated using all the points.
- the Zernike coefficient is calculated by the calculation unit 600 based on the fourth and fifth equations described later.
- An optical characteristic measuring apparatus 2000 of a fourth embodiment of the present invention has an optical configuration for measuring a cornea. As shown in FIG. 10, the optical configuration is the same as in the first embodiment, and the cornea is configured to be measurable.
- the first light receiving section 510 is arranged so as to have a conjugate relationship with the center of curvature of the cornea of the eye via the objective lens 310 and the collimating lens 320.
- the anterior focal position of the first afocal lens 310 differs from that of the first embodiment, and substantially coincides with the cornea of the eye to be examined.
- the first illuminating optical system 200 OA is irradiated with the first luminous flux so as to converge toward the center of curvature of the cornea of the eye 100 to be examined.
- Move and adjust the receiving optical system 30 OA Whether the illumination light beam of the first illumination optical system 200 OA is correctly converged toward the center of curvature of the cornea of the eye 100 to be examined depends on the fine movement of the first illumination optical system 200 OA in the optical axis direction. Before and after that, the movement adjustment is performed so that the output of the first light receiving unit 510 becomes maximum.
- the corneal shape is adjusted in conjunction with the first illumination optical system 20 OA so that the light beam from the first illumination optical system 20 OA converges on the center of the corneal curvature with the appropriate working distance adjusted.
- the first light receiving optical system 30 OA to move the corneal apex position and the first light receiving optical system 30 0 when the output of the first light receiving section 5 10 of the first light receiving optical system 30 OA becomes maximum.
- the distance to the convergence position of the OA corresponds to the radius of curvature of the cornea.
- the specific measurement method and procedure in the fourth embodiment are substantially the same as those in FIG. 4 described in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the Zernike polynomials thus determined represent the optical properties of the cornea (shape, radius of curvature, power, etc.).
- An optical characteristic measuring apparatus 300000 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention has an optical configuration for measuring the characteristics of an optical lens. As shown in Fig. 11, the light beam from the light source 600 is converted into a substantially parallel light beam by the collimating lens 61, passes through the lens to be measured, and converges according to the optical characteristics of the lens to be measured.
- the first light receiving section 640 is provided via a first conversion member 630 for converting the diffused light beam into at least nine beams. -The first conversion member 630 is rotated or moved to the first embodiment so that the opening position of the first conversion member 630 moves in a positional relationship interpolating between the opening positions.
- the configuration is the same as that described.
- the arithmetic unit 600 In the electrical signal processing, as shown in FIG. 12, the arithmetic unit 600 generates signals from the first light receiving unit 5110, the second light receiving unit 5200, and the third light receiving unit 5330, 7, receives the signal from (10), drives the first to fourth light source units 100 to 130, and drives the first to third driving units 910 to 930. Control operation of the display unit 700 and the memory 800.
- the control unit 6100 moves the first illumination optical system 20OA in the optical axis direction via the first drive unit 910, and the light beam emitted from the first illumination optical system 20OA drives the objective lens. Then, the light is focused toward the center of curvature of the cornea of the eye to be measured, or the cylindrical lens is rotated so as to correct the astigmatic component of the eye to be measured 100.
- control unit 6100 moves the first illumination optical system 20OA in the optical axis direction via the second drive unit 920, and the light beam emitted from the first illumination optical system 20OA drives the objective lens. Then, the light is focused toward the approximate center of curvature of the cornea of the eye to be measured, or the cylindrical lens is rotated so as to correct the astigmatic component of the eye to be measured 100.
- a wavefront is constructed based on the calculated Zernike coefficients. That is, if the wavefront of the light passing through the object to be measured is W (X, Y) and is expressed by Zernike coefficients, it is expressed as Equation 3.
- the principal curvature 1, A: 2 and principal direction vectors e (c ⁇ ) and e ( 2 ) are given by Expression 7.
- the distribution of principal curvature 1 or A: 2 corresponds to the spherical power distribution of the lens, and the difference between 1 and A2 corresponds to the cylindrical power distribution.
- the frequency distribution is displayed graphically as shown in Fig. 14.
- An optical characteristic measuring apparatus 40000 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention has an optical configuration for measuring the characteristics of an optical lens, in particular, the shape of a lens surface using light reflected from the surface. is there.
- the optical configuration shown in FIG. 15 is basically substantially the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the first illumination optical system 200 A is for illuminating a minute area on the fundus of the eye with the light beam from the first light source unit 100.
- the first illumination optical system 20 OA passes through the first collimating lens 21 a and the first condensing lens 21 Ob, converges once, and then passes through the objective lens 3 10 Irradiation is performed substantially toward the center of curvature of the lens surface to be measured.
- the light reflected from the surface of the lens to be measured 620 due to the optical characteristics thereof is condensed by the objective lens 310, and is approximated by the collimating lens 610.
- It is configured to be a parallel light beam, and is configured to be received by the first light receiving unit 640 via a first conversion member 630 for converting into at least nine beams.
- the first conversion member 630 is described in the first embodiment so as to rotate or move so that the opening position of the first conversion member 630 moves in a positional relationship such that it is inserted between the opening positions. It is configured in the same way as the above.
- the arithmetic unit receives a signal from the signal 4 from the first light receiving unit 600, drives the first light source unit 100, It controls the movement of the first illumination optical system 200 A, the first light receiving optical system 300 A, and the movement and rotation of the conversion member via the sections 910 to the third drive section 9330, and displays.
- the control operation of the unit 700 and the memory 800 is performed.
- the wavefront W (X, Y) expressed by the third equation is related by the following first and second equations.
- Z u in the third equation is called Zernike's polynomial, and is expressed by the following fourth and fifth equations.
- Equation 6 By using the obtained as described above, it can be used as an optically important parameter of the eye.
- the center of the lens exists at a lattice point of an affine coordinate with a sandwich angle of 60 degrees. Normalize the distance on the affine axis of the lens to be 1. On the a-axis and b-axis,
- the parallel movement may be considered in the range of.
- the number of movements is N * N-1. Including the origin search, the number of movements is N * N, and the number of measurement points is N * N.
- FIG. 18 (a) As another method of parallel movement, there is a method of moving from FIG. 18 (a) to FIG. 18 (b), and further moving as shown in FIG. 18 (c).
- the angle of inclusion may be changed to 90 degrees.
- the center of the lens exists at a lattice point of an affine coordinate with a sandwiching angle of 60 degrees. If you rotate the center of one lens, it becomes symmetric every 60 degrees.
- the rotation is divided into N equal parts from 0 degrees to 60 degrees and rotated N steps to obtain data.
- the converting member 400 When the converting member 400 is rotated as described above, for example, the converting member 400 is rotated as shown in FIG. 20 (a) to FIG. 20 (b).
- the optical property measuring apparatus 500 of the seventh embodiment of the present invention has at least two types of first conversion members 400, The first conversion member 400a is exchanged from the first conversion member 400a to the other first conversion member 400b by linear or rotational movement, and the replaced first conversion member 400a is inserted into the optical path. It is designed to be implemented.
- providing two types of first conversion members 400 means that the opening positions are arranged at different intervals, and that the opening positions are arranged at the same interval but the directions of the openings are different, in addition to the case where the opening positions are arranged at different intervals. Is also included.
- the second cylinder lens 320 a and the second relay lens 320 b are equivalent to the second collimating lens 320 of the first embodiment in FIG. Is provided.
- the second cylinder lens 320a is rotated by the second drive section 920.
- one of the first conversion members 400 a is exchanged for the other first conversion member 400 b by rotational movement.
- the substrate 4110 has a rotation center 4111, a first conversion member 400a, and a first conversion member 40Ob formed thereon. 10 is rotatable.
- the rotation of the substrate 410 is controlled by the third drive section 9330.
- any mechanism can be used as the third drive section 9330 as long as it can rotate the substrate 410 around the rotation center section 411.
- one of the first conversion members 400a is exchanged for the other first conversion member 400b by linear movement.
- a first conversion member 400a and a first conversion member 400b are formed on the substrate 410, and are configured to be movable in a linear direction. ing.
- the substrate 4 10 is controlled by the third driving section 9 30 for linear movement.
- the third driving section 9330 any mechanism can be used for the third driving section 9330 as long as it can move the substrate 410 linearly.
- the illumination light flux to the fundus is widely incident as shown in the drawing (so-called double pass), but it is needless to say that it can be converted into a narrow beam (so-called single pass).
- the first conversion member 400 converts the beam into at least nine beams, but the movement or rotation causes the opening position of the first conversion member 400 to reach at least 17 points. It moves and obtains measurement data at those points, and it is possible to measure higher-order aberration components other than the spherical component and astigmatism component by the data from the aperture at at least 17 points.
- the present invention configured as described above provides a first light source for emitting a light beam of a first wavelength, and a first illumination optical system for illuminating a minute area on a retina of an eye to be examined with the light beam from the first light source.
- the present invention relates to a device for precisely measuring optical characteristics, and in particular, to provide an optical characteristic measuring device provided with a position changing portion for changing the position of a beam to be converted by a first conversion member. And the optical properties of the object to be measured can be determined.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001548006A JP4587095B2 (ja) | 1999-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | 光学特性の測定装置 |
EP00985923A EP1157657A4 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS |
US09/914,439 US6525883B2 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | Optical characteristic measuring instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11/371951 | 1999-12-27 | ||
JP37195199 | 1999-12-27 | ||
JP2000/375206 | 2000-12-08 | ||
JP2000375206 | 2000-12-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001047407A1 true WO2001047407A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 |
Family
ID=26582370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2000/009288 WO2001047407A1 (fr) | 1999-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | Instrument de mesure de caracteristiques optiques |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6525883B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1157657A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4587095B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001047407A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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JP2001321340A (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-20 | Topcon Corp | 眼特性測定装置 |
WO2004096034A1 (ja) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | 眼底観察装置及び眼底観察方法 |
US7222962B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2007-05-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Opthalmic measuring apparatus |
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DE19938203A1 (de) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-15 | Aesculap Meditec Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Korrektur von Sehfehlern des menschlichen Auges |
DE60239278D1 (de) * | 2001-09-07 | 2011-04-07 | Topcon Corp | Instrument zur messung von optischen merkmalen der augen |
JP4102058B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-09 | 2008-06-18 | 株式会社トプコン | 眼の光学特性測定装置 |
EP1454582B1 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2016-04-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha TOPCON | Eye characteristic measuring apparatus |
US20070258085A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-08 | Robbins Michael D | Substrate illumination and inspection system |
AU2003240945A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-19 | Wavefront Sciences, Inc. | Methhod and system for sensing and analyzing a wavefront of an optically transmissive system |
JP3813557B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-29 | 2006-08-23 | 株式会社トプコン | 眼特性測定装置 |
AU2003903157A0 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2003-07-03 | The Lions Eye Institute of Western Australia Incorporated The | Ophthalmic camera and ophthalmic camera adaptor |
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US7611244B2 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2009-11-03 | Heidelberg Engineering Gmbh | Adaptive optics for compensating for optical aberrations in an imaging process |
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US7832864B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-11-16 | The Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Inverse optical design |
US7988290B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-08-02 | AMO Wavefront Sciences LLC. | Systems and methods for measuring the shape and location of an object |
US7976163B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-07-12 | Amo Wavefront Sciences Llc | System and method for measuring corneal topography |
US8622546B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2014-01-07 | Amo Wavefront Sciences, Llc | Method of locating valid light spots for optical measurement and optical measurement instrument employing method of locating valid light spots |
US9122926B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-09-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | Iris recognition using localized Zernike moments |
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- 2000-12-27 EP EP00985923A patent/EP1157657A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-27 JP JP2001548006A patent/JP4587095B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP4517211B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社トプコン | 眼特性測定装置 |
US7222962B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2007-05-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Opthalmic measuring apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1157657A4 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
JP4587095B2 (ja) | 2010-11-24 |
US20030011757A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
US6525883B2 (en) | 2003-02-25 |
EP1157657A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
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