WO2001043320A2 - Verfahren zur dekodierung von digitalen audiodaten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur dekodierung von digitalen audiodaten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001043320A2 WO2001043320A2 PCT/DE2000/003896 DE0003896W WO0143320A2 WO 2001043320 A2 WO2001043320 A2 WO 2001043320A2 DE 0003896 W DE0003896 W DE 0003896W WO 0143320 A2 WO0143320 A2 WO 0143320A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- audio data
- reference values
- digital audio
- frame
- frequency range
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/005—Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H2201/00—Aspects of broadcast communication
- H04H2201/10—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system
- H04H2201/20—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system digital audio broadcasting [DAB]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for decoding digital audio data according to the type of the independent claim.
- Samples are divided into time-separated groups of 12 samples each. A maximum of one scale factor is defined for each group. If two or all three scale factors of a frequency range are the same or at least with very similar values, then this is the case
- Scale factors only transfer one scale factor. Within a DAB frame, in which the samples and their scale factors are transmitted, it is therefore signaled for which group or groups of samples for a frequency range a respective scale factor is to be used. These scale factors have the largest in a respective group or groups of samples
- the patent claim has the advantage that an error is detected by means of a plausibility check in order to then initiate error correction or concealment processes.
- the process is simple and uses the property of audio data that there are no large jumps in its temporal course. Therefore, advantageously, a comparison of temporally successive reference values, which depend on the audio data, leads to a meaningful result as to whether there is an error or not.
- the method according to the invention is advantageously simple and can be implemented in any audio decoder.
- the method according to the invention can be applied to further audio decoding methods (standards).
- standards include MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4.
- the standards may or may not have their own error calculation.
- the measures listed in the dependent claims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the method specified in the independent claim.
- a close correlation between the reference values which are scale factors for DAB, is advantageously used to determine whether an error is present.
- Audio data entails that temporally adjacent data are closely correlated with one another. This is a property of language and music.
- the feature is determined by means of a difference or averaging, as a result of which a meaningful, clear and simple decision is made as to whether there is an error or not.
- the method according to the invention is therefore independent of a type of signal, because it can
- Calculation method can be used, which is optimal for a particular signal.
- Bit sequence preferably a flag, takes place, which enables a simple evaluation of this decision.
- substitute values known as default in English
- substitute values are entered as reference values and that these substitute values are then identified as such, so that the fault detection according to the invention is not carried out here because otherwise an error was mistakenly assumed.
- suitable substitute values can be determined so that the error detection can be carried out for all frequency values.
- Substitute values that lead to a feature that does not indicate an error that is to say an adaptive determination of the substitute values, are advantageously determined. This simplifies the procedure since the special case of the replacement value does not have to be intercepted.
- FIG. 1 shows an MPEGl Layer II frame
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of the inventive method.
- these reference values represent the strongest signal values to which the other signal values in these frequency ranges are standardized. This reduces the maximum difference between the amplitudes of the audio signal values.
- the signal values are then denormalized in the receiver by means of the reference values likewise transmitted.
- DAB digital radio transmission method
- the source coding in the transmitter removes an irrelevance from the digital raw data, for example voice data as PCM (pulse code modulation) data.
- PCM pulse code modulation
- redundancy is added again in a channel coding after the source coding. This redundancy is used on the receiver side, to perform error detection and correction during channel decoding.
- source decoding which follows channel decoding, also has error detection and correction here. The error detection and, if necessary, correction during the source decoding is carried out on the data already decoded by the channel decoding. However, if many errors occur, this error detection and correction fails during source decoding and the audio quality is poor. Error correction in source decoding is also to be understood as error concealment.
- a feature is therefore generated which is suitable for additional error protection in the source decoding in order to determine in a further stage whether an error has occurred.
- the method according to the invention is thus based on the already existing methods. This applies to error detection and correction by
- Reference values for source decoding If there are errors here, the reference values recognized as incorrect are replaced by previous reference values that have been saved. The reference values are thus monitored for errors using two methods.
- the method according to the invention can also act as the sole error detection when decoding the digital audio data, because it is independent of other error detection methods and of the frame structure.
- the MPEG-1 Layer II frame begins with a frame header 1, followed by a field 2 for frame error detection.
- a checksum is used here, referred to in English as a cyclic redundancy check. If a defective frame has been identified on the basis of the checksum, then a suitable frame will replace the defective frame, for example the previous frame can be used for this, or the defective frame is muted. Alternatively, a prediction can also be made. A frame that is not corrected and thus incorrect is calculated from correctly received or corrected frames. Using suitable models, this can be estimated and thus predicted.
- the checksum is designed in such a way that it cannot recognize all errors that may occur for reasons of transmission efficiency. In such a case, the checksum fails. In the case of a checksum, however, several superimposed errors can also correct each other, so that in such a case, no error is erroneously detected by means of the checksum.
- test of a bit sum is characteristic of the checksum, with the content of the audio data being omitted, as is the case with the method according to the invention.
- the audio signals are quantized.
- a nonlinear quantization is carried out using a psychoacoustic quantization curve. Noises that are close in terms of frequency to a sound that stands out from the sound spectrum are no longer perceived by the ear. This is known as the listening threshold. This makes it possible to reduce the data rate by removing those noises that are below the listening threshold from the data.
- the various frequency ranges are also quantized to different degrees, the fineness of the quantization being determined by the fact that the quantization noise is still below the listening limit.
- This different quantization per frequency range means that different numbers of bits have to be allocated per frequency range. For example, the bit allocation varies between 3 and 16 bits per frequency range. A reference value selection is made in the next field 4.
- the reference values themselves are then stored in field 5.
- the actual audio data, which are denormalized with the reference values, are stored in field 6.
- field 7 there is additional data that includes information accompanying the program and above all the checksum for the reference values of the following frame.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the method according to the invention.
- the audio data are available at an input 8.
- an error detection of the reference values of the past frame is carried out.
- a feature is extracted from the current frame in which the reference values of the past frame and the current frame are subtracted from one another. If the sum is above a predetermined threshold value, the difference is so great that there is no correlation between the two reference values, which actually cannot occur with audio data. Therefore, this case is recognized as an error.
- averaging can also be used, for example to calculate a standard deviation. If the standard deviation is above a predefined threshold value, this is recognized as an error.
- block 11 there is a decision maker who compares the difference between the successive reference values with the predetermined threshold value and makes a corresponding output, i.e. if there is an error, a bit is set to 1, if there is no error, this bit remains at 0. This bit is also called a flag.
- the link 12 is designed such that the decision as to whether there is an error is determined by means of a logical OR link, i.e. Errors are signaled by a 1, no error by a 0, so that both, the error detection by means of a checksum and the feature analysis, must not indicate an error if no error is to be detected.
- a substitute value a default
- the difference between a default and another reference value can lead to an indication of an error.
- This substitute value must be characteristic, whereby it usually does not occur in the audio data, so that in this case the formation of the difference is omitted and here only the error detection for the reference values is carried out by means of a checksum. This means that the flag for the error detection of the reference values remains at 0.
- the substitute value can also be designed such that the feature formed with the substitute value is always below the threshold value for the error detection. This will align the replacement value with the reference values. In principle, the corresponding reference value can then simply be taken, so that a difference image is zero.
- the decision is signaled as to whether there is an error or not. If there is an error, stored reference values from a past frame that was correctly transmitted are used instead of the incorrect reference value. If there is no error, all reference values from this frame are used.
- This data includes gain factors that are necessary per frequency range for determining an optimal modulation range and that depend on the audio data.
- other data can also be used for the method according to the invention. The only requirement is the close correlation with the audio data.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00981165A EP1238481B1 (de) | 1999-12-08 | 2000-11-07 | Verfahren zur dekodierung von digitalen audiodaten |
JP2001543884A JP2004500599A (ja) | 1999-12-08 | 2000-11-07 | ディジタルオーディオデータの復号方法 |
DE50014248T DE50014248D1 (de) | 1999-12-08 | 2000-11-07 | Verfahren zur dekodierung von digitalen audiodaten |
US10/149,317 US7080006B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 2000-11-07 | Method for decoding digital audio with error recognition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19959038A DE19959038A1 (de) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Verfahren zur Dekodierung von digitalen Audiodaten |
DE19959038.9 | 1999-12-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001043320A2 true WO2001043320A2 (de) | 2001-06-14 |
WO2001043320A3 WO2001043320A3 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
Family
ID=7931774
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2000/003896 WO2001043320A2 (de) | 1999-12-08 | 2000-11-07 | Verfahren zur dekodierung von digitalen audiodaten |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7080006B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1238481B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004500599A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19959038A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001043320A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7428684B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2008-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device and method for concealing an error |
US7580476B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2009-08-25 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Communication system and method for improving efficiency and linearity |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1244904C (zh) * | 2001-05-08 | 2006-03-08 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | 声频信号编码方法和设备 |
DE10219133B4 (de) * | 2002-04-29 | 2007-02-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verschleiern eines Fehlers |
JP4539180B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-07 | 2010-09-08 | ソニー株式会社 | 音響復号装置及び音響復号方法 |
JP4698688B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-06-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 送受信方法、送受信装置及びプログラム |
CN100524462C (zh) | 2007-09-15 | 2009-08-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | 对高带信号进行帧错误隐藏的方法及装置 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4831624A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1989-05-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Error detection method for sub-band coding |
DE4409960A1 (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-28 | Inst Rundfunktechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verminderung der subjektiven Störempfindung bei störungsbehaftetem Empfang bei Verwendung von digital übertragenen Tonsignalen |
US5706396A (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1998-01-06 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh | Error protection system for a sub-band coder suitable for use in an audio signal processor |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5091945A (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1992-02-25 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Source dependent channel coding with error protection |
US5617333A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1997-04-01 | Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for transmission of image data |
JP3046213B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-02 | 2000-05-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | サブバンド・オーディオ信号合成装置 |
JP2757818B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-20 | 1998-05-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | 補助データ処理回路 |
WO1998038764A1 (de) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und anordnung zur rahmenfehlerdetektion zwecks fehlerverdeckung insbesondere bei gsm übertragungen |
DE19735675C2 (de) * | 1997-04-23 | 2002-12-12 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zum Verschleiern von Fehlern in einem Audiodatenstrom |
US6208959B1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2001-03-27 | Telefonaktibolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Mapping of digital data symbols onto one or more formant frequencies for transmission over a coded voice channel |
DE19921122C1 (de) * | 1999-05-07 | 2001-01-25 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschleiern eines Fehlers in einem codierten Audiosignal und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Decodieren eines codierten Audiosignals |
US6208699B1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for detecting zero rate frames in a communications system |
US6728323B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2004-04-27 | Ericsson Inc. | Baseband processors, mobile terminals, base stations and methods and systems for decoding a punctured coded received signal using estimates of punctured bits |
-
1999
- 1999-12-08 DE DE19959038A patent/DE19959038A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-11-07 JP JP2001543884A patent/JP2004500599A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-07 WO PCT/DE2000/003896 patent/WO2001043320A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-07 US US10/149,317 patent/US7080006B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-07 EP EP00981165A patent/EP1238481B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-07 DE DE50014248T patent/DE50014248D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4831624A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1989-05-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Error detection method for sub-band coding |
US5706396A (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1998-01-06 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh | Error protection system for a sub-band coder suitable for use in an audio signal processor |
DE4409960A1 (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-28 | Inst Rundfunktechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verminderung der subjektiven Störempfindung bei störungsbehaftetem Empfang bei Verwendung von digital übertragenen Tonsignalen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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WIESE D: "OPTIMIZATION OF ERROR DETECTION AND CONCEALMENT FOR ISO/MPEG/AUDIO CODECS LAYER-I AND II" PREPRINTS OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE AES CONVENTION, XX, XX, Nr. 3388, 1992, Seiten 1-29, XP000996599 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7428684B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2008-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device and method for concealing an error |
US7580476B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2009-08-25 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Communication system and method for improving efficiency and linearity |
US8345796B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2013-01-01 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Communication system and method for improving efficiency and linearity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004500599A (ja) | 2004-01-08 |
US7080006B1 (en) | 2006-07-18 |
EP1238481B1 (de) | 2007-04-11 |
WO2001043320A3 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
DE19959038A1 (de) | 2001-06-28 |
DE50014248D1 (de) | 2007-05-24 |
EP1238481A2 (de) | 2002-09-11 |
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