WO2001026907A1

WO2001026907A1 - Substructure material for a printing device and a printing cloth in order to print non-even materials

Info

Publication number: WO2001026907A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/010052
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Appel; Thomas Walther
Original assignee: Hatec Produktions- Und Handelsgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date: 1999-10-13
Filing date: 2000-10-12
Publication date: 2001-04-19
Also published as: CN1378507A; CZ20021301A3; ATE285904T1; EP1230095A1; EP1230095B1; JP3940602B2; JP2003511280A; AU1137201A

Abstract

In order to create a substructure material (100; 100') for a printing mould, in particular a flat printing mould or a printing plate (11), in particular a flat printing plate, and/or a printing cloth (13), in particular a rubber cloth, in a special compressible or non-compressible rubber cloth, and/or for another surface involved in a printing process, in particular in off-set printing wherewith an improved printed image is obtained and which allows printing moulds or print plates to be changed in an easier and more rapid fashion, a substructure material (100; 100') is embodied as an exchangeable, elastically deformable composite material (16, 17, 18; 16', 17') accommodated radially relative to said printing mould or printing plate (11) and/or printing cloth (13) and/or other cylinders (10, 12, 15) involved in the printing process, said cylinders being linked to surfaces or connected radially to a drum.

Description

Base material for a printing device and blanket for printing uneven substrates

field of use

The invention relates to a base material for a printing form, in particular planographic printing plate or printing plate, in particular planographic printing plate, and / or for a printing blanket, in particular rubber blanket, in particular compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and / or for another surface involved in the printing process during printing, in particular in offset printing, as well as a printing device containing this substructure material, in particular offset printing device and a printing blanket for printing uneven substrates, corrugated cardboard.

State of the art

In printing technology, it is known to provide intermediate elements in printing units which can compensate for unevenness in the surface of a printing material when a printed image is transferred. In all conventional printing processes, a printed image is applied to a printing medium inside the printing unit by rolling cylinders and drums that transmit and transfer the printing medium. The print image is generated on a printing form or printing plate and, if necessary, passed on to the printing material via a transfer cylinder.

BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE In a direct printing process such as high pressure, for example the flexographic printing process, a printing form or printing plate provided with raised printing surfaces is used for this purpose, by means of which the printed image can be applied directly to the printing material.

Offset printing, an indirect printing process, is a widespread planographic printing process in which the print image in the form of the color material is transferred from a printing form or printing plate to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder. In this context, the surface of the printing form or printing plate is provided with lipophilic, that is to say water-repellent, areas in accordance with the image to be printed, so that the lipophilic ink applied by an inking unit adheres there. The printing image is then transferred from the printing blanket cylinder, more precisely from a printing blanket which is clamped onto the printing blanket cylinder and explained below, to the printing material.

In offset printing, an indirect printing process, the print image is transferred from a printing form to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder. From this the print image is then transferred to the printing material. A flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder. In normal offset printing, a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this. This blanket is dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but is deformable transversely to it. It can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness. For this purpose, it is known that compressible layers are provided within a printing blanket. A flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder; In normal offset printing, a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this purpose, which is essentially dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but is deformable transversely to it. The printing blanket can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness; for this purpose it is known that compressible layers are provided within the printing blanket. From this blanket, the printing is now

image in the form of the color material on the substrate, that is, for example on the paper to be printed or on the cardboard to be printed.

Blankets or the printing blankets used in offset printing are required in the offset printing process when transferring the print image, above all to compensate for unevenness in the surface of the printing substrate. Since the printing forms or printing plates for offset printing are usually formed from thin sheets or foils, they cannot adapt to the surface structure of the printing material to a sufficient extent.

A printing blanket must be pressed against the counter-pressure cylinder by the blanket cylinder against the impression cylinder with a relatively high contact pressure in order to adapt it to the surface structure of the printing substrate; this cannot be avoided by using so-called compressible printing blankets because they only have a higher deformability than normal printing blankets, but also require a comparatively high contact pressure. When printing on uneven substrates, there are limits to conventional offset printing; on the one hand, a printing blanket can only be deformed to a limited extent, with sufficient pressing of the printing blanket on the printing substrate being necessary to maintain an acceptable printing quality, and on the other hand the printing substrate is restricted in its resilience.

For example, when printing on corrugated boxes, there is a special problem that is related to the internal structure of corrugated boxes. Since a corrugated connection layer is provided between two cover layers in corrugated cardboard to make it lighter, a corrugated cardboard is not a homogeneous material. The cover layers used on the top and bottom of such corrugated cardboard are only at certain points or lines and are offset on both sides connected to each other by means of a corrugated intermediate layer. When a corrugated cardboard is loaded, uneven conditions arise across the surface; in particular, each cover layer is flexible in the areas between the connection points with the corrugated intermediate layer and can therefore dodge in these areas when loaded. As a result, the stress in a printing process results in relatively unfavorable conditions for uniform printing.

It has therefore become known to apply a flexible and compressible base under the printing form or printing plate in the flexographic printing process. It is assumed here that the printing form or printing plate itself is not compressible, that is to say rigid, and that the support enables the printing form or printing plate to move relative to the form cylinder (= printing form cylinder or printing plate cylinder). A foam layer is provided as a base, for example is applied on a tensile base. By means of the tensile load-bearing base, the flexible base can be clamped simultaneously with the printing form on the printing form cylinder or with the printing plate on the printing plate cylinder, with no longitudinal expansion being expected.

In this way, the printing form or printing plate is enabled to follow unevenness on the surface of the printing material to a limited extent. Here, however, a deterioration in the print quality is accepted, which inevitably results from the deformation of the printing form or printing plate; this is also related to the usually very inhomogeneous distribution of printing and non-printing areas on a printing form or printing plate; in addition, registering the printing forms or printing plates for the different printing inks is very difficult.

Such a method has not become known in offset printing. It is known to mount so-called underlay sheets on the blanket cylinder below a blanket. However, these underlay sheets are only used for the so-called dressing, the scope of the blanket cylinder covered with the blanket being to be adjusted to the conditions required in a printing process.

Furthermore, from the use of so-called compressible printing blankets, a procedure that is not comparable with the above-mentioned method of supporting a printing form or printing plate is used. The compressible printing blanket allows deformations by reducing the thickness only under comparatively high pressure. The one to adapt to the surface structure of the corrugated cardboard necessary deformations in such printing blankets would inevitably lead to the destruction of the corrugated cardboard in the printing process before the printing blanket could deform sufficiently. For this reason, no method is known by means of which a highly uniform pressure distribution is possible in offset printing when processing a corrugated cardboard in a printing process.

The disadvantages and shortcomings described above by way of example can be generalized insofar as the rotary cylinders involved in the printing process of the offset process are generally made of hard material, such as metal. The printing form or printing plate is also made of solid material, such as metal, such as aluminum, zinc or the like, or of plastic. Due to the dimensional stability of these materials, unevenness and imbalance can occur which negatively affect the printed image. In addition, the rigidity of the materials mentioned means that changing a printing form or printing plate can be difficult insofar as there is no flexibility for the compensation of tolerances.

Task, solution, advantage

Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of improving an offset printing machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that an improved printed image is obtained, that it is possible to change printing plates more quickly and easily and that high-quality printed images can be printed on uneven substrates , especially on corrugated cardboard. Therefore, it aims The present invention is based on a high-quality and uniformly generated print images on the printing material, for example on a paper web or on a corrugated cardboard in the offset printing process; the printing material, for example the paper web or the corrugated cardboard, should not be mechanically damaged in any way.

This object is achieved by a substructure material with the features specified in claim 1 and by a printing device, in particular by an offset printing device with the features specified in claim 13 and with a printing blanket with the features of claim 15.

Advantageous refinements and useful developments of the present invention are characterized in the respective subclaims.

The teaching of the present invention provides a substructure material for a printing form, in particular planographic printing plate or printing plate, in particular planographic printing plate, and / or for a printing blanket, in particular rubber blanket, in particular compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and / or for another surface involved in the printing process , By designing the substructure material as an interchangeable, radially elastically deformable composite or radially to the respective drum, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and imbalances in the components involved in the printing process can be compensated. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved. By means of the base material according to the present invention, which can be formed in the composite as a stretchable underlay, in particular as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or as a stretchable printing blanket underlay, surprisingly, in addition to increasing the printing quality, the retrofitting of an offset printing device is also facilitated , When mounting printing formes or printing plates on forme cylinders, the base material ensures, due to its (radial) elasticity, that any dimensional tolerances between the printing form or printing plate and the form cylinder are compensated for. By using higher forces and a corresponding yielding of the substructure material, the printing form or printing plate can thus be fixed with a firm fit on the form cylinder.

As an example in relation to the printing blanket cylinder, the person skilled in the printing technology field will appreciate that the flexible substructure material under the printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process. The deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a compressible blanket. At the same time, the length stability of the printing blanket is maintained, which ensures good print quality and enables printing on an uneven surface, such as on corrugated cardboard, in offset printing.

In this context, there are a number of other process advantages that result from the offset printing process; in particular, these are the possibility of using inexpensive printing forms or printing plates and easier registering in multi-color printing. According to a particularly inventive further development of the present substructure material, the composite is constructed from at least one compressible layer and from at least one incompressible layer.

With the help of the compressible layer, which can preferably be designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and unbalance of the components involved in the printing process can be compensated for. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved.

By connecting the compressible layer with an incompressible layer, it is ensured at the same time that the substructure material can be handled in an advantageous manner, so that the substructure material can in particular be attached with sufficient stability to one of the cylinders involved in the printing process. In addition, the connection of the compressible layer with an incompressible layer gives the composite material an overall increased stability, so that forces introduced into the compressible layer can only cause a limited deformation of the substructure material.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compressible layer of the substructure material can be a microcellular, preferably open-pore material. A cellular structure like a foam allows the compressibility of the material to be adjusted to a certain extent; If the microcellular compressible layer is expediently formed from polyurethane foam, a high level of durability is associated with the desired compressibility. The base material can be optimally selected with regard to properties other than compressibility, for example with regard to its tear resistance and / or its chemical resistance. The compression behavior of the entire material is generated by its cellular structure, which can be set by the user to a certain extent depending on the respective requirements and regardless of the base material.

The incompressible layer, which according to an inventive development is designed as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or film, can advantageously be wholly or partly at least one plastic, preferably polyester. Such a material is inexpensive, of high durability and at the same time flexible in terms of bending or dimensionally stable against tension. Furthermore, such a material can be easily combined with other materials to form a composite material.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substructure material can contain one or more further layers, which can in particular contain an adhesive material, a filler material and / or other auxiliary materials. In this context, an adhesive material serves to connect adjacent layers, that is to say in particular to connect an incompressible layer to a compressible layer. Filling materials are used to give the substructure material a desired volume (-> layer thickness) without otherwise influencing the material properties. In addition, layers of other auxiliary materials can be provided which, for example, improve the connection to the supporting cylinder, to the printing form or printing plate, to the printing blanket or the like, or to make certain outer surfaces available. In a special embodiment of the substructure material, it contains at least two compressible layers, these preferably having a different structure with regard to the base material and / or with regard to the structure (porosity) and / or a different thickness. By combining several compressible layers, the behavior of the substructure material when pressure is applied can be controlled. For example, a thicker or more compressible layer in direct contact with the printing form or printing plate can achieve good local absorption of pressure and force peaks, whereas a firmer (thinner) material in a lower layer ensures that greater forces are introduced spread over a larger area.

In a further special embodiment of the substructure material, it contains at least two incompressible layers, which in turn can in particular have a different structure with regard to the base material and / or the structure and / or a different thickness. These measures can also be used to control the behavior of the substructure material. In particular, the layers that are in direct contact with carrier elements can be optimally designed for connection to them; this means that these materials have, for example, sufficient (tear) strength and / or sufficient thickness for attachment to a cylinder. On the other hand, layers located in the interior of the substructure material can be minimized to a thickness that is sufficient to be able to fulfill their carrier function within the overall composite.

The total (layer) thickness of the flat substructure material composed of at least two layers can be of the order of magnitude about 0.5 millimeters to about 4 millimeters, in particular from about 1.5 meters to about 2.5 millimeters, move. With such layer thicknesses, existing pressure equipment can be retrofitted with the substructure material without or without significant changes in order to compensate for unevenness in the desired manner.

The present invention also includes a printing device, in particular an offset printing device, for printing on printing materials, preferably paper or cardboard, in particular having an uneven surface

a forme cylinder on which a printing form, in particular planographic printing form, or printing plate, in particular planographic printing plate, is clamped;

a blanket cylinder on which a blanket which is essentially dimensionally stable in its expansion plane, in particular a blanket, in particular a compressible or incompressible blanket, is stretched; and

an impression cylinder.

This printing device is characterized in that the form cylinder and / or the blanket cylinder and / or the impression cylinder and / or other surfaces involved in printing are coated on their surface with the substructure material described above. Due to the properties of the substructure material explained, a printing result of improved quality can be achieved with such a printing device. If the substructure material on the forme cylinder that the Carries printing form or printing plate, is attached, a conversion of this forme cylinder with different printing forms or printing plates can be carried out more easily and easily.

A printing blanket with the features of claim 15 provides the following advantages: In particular, a flexible base layer on the underside or within the special printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the special printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process. The deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a known compressible printing blanket. At the same time, the length stability of the special printing blanket is maintained, ensuring good print quality. This means that printing on an uneven surface of any type of substrate, such as B. with corrugated cardboard, possible in offset printing. There are a number of other process advantages that result from the offset printing process. In particular, these are the use of cheap printing forms and easier registering in multi-color printing.

Brief description of the drawing

Two exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an offset printing device according to the present invention, in a schematic representation.

2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a typical layer structure of the substructure material according to the present invention, in a schematic sectional illustration; 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an offset printing device according to the present invention, in a schematic illustration;

FIG. 4 shows a printing process in a printing zone of the offset printing device from FIG. 3, in a schematic sectional illustration; FIG. and

Fig. 5, the pressure zone of Fig. 4, in a schematic sectional view.

Detailed description of the invention and best way to carry out the invention

Identical or similar configurations, elements or features are provided with identical reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 5.

In Figure 1, the essential elements of an offset printing machine for rotary printing are shown schematically. The printing template is in the form of a so-called printing form or printing plate 11 on a first rotating cylinder, the form cylinder 10; this forme cylinder 10 is sometimes referred to as a plate cylinder. The surface of the printing plate 11 consists, according to the contours to be printed, of hydrophilic (that is to say water-friendly) or lipophilic (that is to say fat-friendly) areas, so that the areas (not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity of the illustration) Lipophilic printing ink applied in ink adheres only to the corresponding lipophilic areas. When water emulsion paints are used, the adhesion conditions are reversed, so that the areas to be printed on the printing plate 11 are to be coated lipophobically, that is to say grease-repellent. The forme cylinder 10 is in contact with a blanket cylinder 12. The surface of this blanket cylinder 12 is covered by a blanket 13. When the two cylinders 10 and 12 rotate in opposite directions, the ink located on the printing plate 11 is transferred to the blanket 13. When the blanket cylinder 12 rotates further, this ink is again deposited on the paper web 14 to be printed. The paper web 14 is guided here via an impression cylinder 15 (sometimes also referred to as a forme cylinder), which ensures a corresponding contact pressure on the rubber blanket 13.

The offset printing method exemplified with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 (-> first exemplary embodiment) is improved in that a base material 100 is applied between the forme cylinder 10 and the printing plate 11 and / or between the blanket cylinder 12 and the blanket 13 and / or on the impression cylinder 15 is formed by a composite of a compressible layer and an incompressible layer.

1 shows the attachment of such a substructure material 100 on the forme cylinder 10 and on the blanket cylinder 12. The uneven or imbalance of the forme cylinder 10 and / or the pressure plate 11 can be repaired and compensated for by the substructure material 100; this improves the print image. Furthermore, the assembly of the printing plates 11 on the forme cylinder 10 is facilitated and the conversion of the printing plates 11 is thereby optimized. In this context, the base material 100 allows high printing speeds. A typical layer structure of the substructure material 100 is shown in FIG. 2. In the case shown in FIG. 2, the substructure material 100 arranged on a carrier 19 has three different layers 16, 17 and 18:

At the bottom, that is to say in contact with the carrier 19, there is an open-celled polyurethane cushion 18 with a thickness of approximately 0.51 millimeters. In the middle there is a Mylar film 17, which is a hard, non-compressible plastic material. The sandwich structure is completed by an open-cell polyurethane cushion 16 with a thickness of approximately 1.02 millimeters. The total thickness of the substructure material 100 is approximately 2.10 millimeters.

The different layers 16, 17 and 18 can be connected to one another by adhesive layers. The plastic plate or plastic film 17 ensures sufficient strength of the substructure material 100. The compressible layers 16 and 18 arranged on both outer surfaces of the sandwich material make it possible to compensate for unevenness in both the cylinder 19 and a support, such as a pressure plate 11. The upper side 20 of the polyurethane cushion 16 is preferably smooth (and without adhesive) in order to be particularly suitable for the application of a rubber blanket 13.

With the base material 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, firm, compressible substructures for printing plates in offset printing and in hybrid printing with flexographic printing units and with offset printing units can thus be formed. The sandwich structure of the substructures is in particular made up of compressible foam cushions of various types and plastic plates or Plastic films formed. Here, one or more, in particular different, polyurethane cushions can be combined with one or more, in particular, different plastic sheets or plastic foils; the thickness of the polyurethane cushions and / or plastic plates or plastic films combined in a sandwich can also vary.

In Figure 3, a second embodiment of an offset printing unit according to the present invention is shown in a schematic representation. The offset printing unit has an impression cylinder 15, a blanket cylinder 12, a forme cylinder 10 and, assigned to the forme cylinder 10, an inking unit 21 and a dampening unit 22.

The impression cylinder 15 serves to guide a printing material sheet. For this purpose, the impression cylinder 15 is equipped with a gripper system (not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity of the illustration). The printing material sheet is guided on a smooth surface.

The printing blanket cylinder 12 is located opposite the impression cylinder 15. The printing blanket cylinder 12 is covered with a printing blanket 13, which is stable in length and flexible in the transverse direction to its surface area and can be compressible to a small extent. The blanket 13 is firmly clamped on the blanket cylinder 12.

The form cylinder 10 is assigned to the blanket cylinder 12. A printing plate or printing form 11 is clamped on the form cylinder 10 and usually consists of a thin metal plate in offset printing. The printing form 11 is supplied with ink by the inking unit 21, the printing surfaces being supplied beforehand by means of water supply through the dampening unit 22 have been differentiated from the non-printing areas. In such an offset printing unit, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 3, provision is made to enable the transfer of printing ink to substrates with different thicknesses, the printing quality being to be as uniform as possible over the entire area.

FIG. 4 shows a printing zone according to FIG. 3 between the blanket cylinder 12 and the impression cylinder 15, the indicated diameter ratios between the impression cylinder 15 indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 below and the blanket cylinder 12 indicated above in FIGS. 3 and 4 not the Must correspond to reality.

FIG. 4 shows a printing material on the impression cylinder 15, which in this second exemplary embodiment is designed as corrugated cardboard 14 '. The corrugated cardboard 14 'has a lower cover layer 141' indicated at the bottom in FIGS. 4 and 5 and an upper cover layer 143 'indicated at the top in FIGS. 4 and 5; the two cover layers 141 ', 143' are connected to one another by a corrugated connection layer 142 ', the lower cover layer 141' being glued to the lower edges of the connection layer 142 'and the upper cover layer 143' being glued to the upper edges of the connection layer 142 ' ; This connection creates a very stable substrate, which is often used in the packaging sector.

Compared to the impression cylinder 15, the printing blanket cylinder 12 is again arranged, on which a printing blanket 13 is indicated on the outside. The printing blanket 13 is shown in FIG. 4 as a homogeneous layer, printing blankets normally being known as so-called rubber blankets executed and composed of a non-stretchable base layer and a flexible cover layer. In addition, there may be further intermediate layers that improve the functionality of the printing blanket 13.

On the printing blanket cylinder 12, a substructure material 100 ′ designed as a printing blanket support is further arranged directly on the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12 below the printing blanket 13. This substructure material 100 'is composed of an elastic base layer 17' and a flexible cover layer 16 'arranged on the base layer 17'. While the stretch-resistant base layer 17 'can be a solid plastic film, the flexible cover layer 16' is preferably a layer of foam of certain qualifications.

The elastic base layer 17 'allows the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket base, the foam (-> flexible cover layer 16 ') being firmly connected to the plastic film (-> elastic base layer 17') together with the printing blanket 13 tension the blanket cylinder 12. The surface of the blanket cylinder 12 is therefore the same as a conventional blanket cylinder with blanket.

FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 4 in detail. On the underside, the corrugated cardboard 14 'can again be seen as printing material. The printing blanket 13, which has adapted to the deformed surface of the corrugated cardboard 14 ', is arranged above the corrugated cardboard 14'. The height differences with respect to the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12, which is partially shown on the underside, are compensated for by the flexible cover layer 16 'of the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket underlay. The Foam is compressed at the points where the top of the corrugated cardboard 14 'is fixed, and the printing blanket 13 can yield by being deformed accordingly by bending.

In the spaces between two fixed webs of the corrugated cardboard 14 ', the printing blanket 13 can follow the deformable surface of the corrugated cardboard 14', the flexible cover layer 16 'taking on this compensating function through the formation as a foam layer.

The present printing device can be used for the most varied qualities of substrates with uneven surfaces by appropriate adjustment of the printing supply, that is to say the determination of the effective distance between blanket cylinder 12 and impression cylinder 15 or by selection of different foam layers for the base material 100 ′ designed as a blanket underlay. In the case of relatively easily compressible printing materials, such as the corrugated cardboard 14 'shown in the second exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3 to 5, a softer foam is required than in the case of relatively hard printing materials, such as embossed solid cardboard.

For a good function and for the required print quality, the thickness of the substructure material 100 'formed as a printing blanket base is of importance. Basically, substructure materials 100 'with a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters to about 3.00 or 4.00 millimeters are suitable for the application mentioned. For the application technology of known printing materials, the selection of substructure materials 100 'with a thickness of approximately 1.00 millimeters to approximately 2.00 millimeters is preferred. The foam is reversibly compressible over many cycles of action To prefer foam. In this case, an open-cell foam is preferably used. This is easier to compress than the known closed-cell layers in printing blankets.

The special printing blanket 13, 70 can preferably be produced from a conventional printing blanket in that the base layer 17 'is also built into the printing blanket. The open-cell foam mentioned is preferably applied to an existing stretch-resistant textile layer or a different type of base or base layer of the printing blanket. The active layer 13 'of the printing blanket can in turn be applied to the foam. This has the advantage that, with the tensile strength of the special printing blanket 70 remaining the same, a greatly improved flexibility in the transverse direction to the area extension of the special printing blanket 70, in particular in its active layer 13 ′, is achieved compared to a conventional printing blanket. (Fig. 4)

A simple improvement in the mode of operation of the special printing blanket 70 can be achieved in that only a part of a conventional printing blanket is laminated onto the substructure material 100 'or the underlayer. For this purpose, part of the mostly textile lower layers that produce the tensile strength of the printing blanket can be separated from a conventional printing blanket. This ensures the dimensional stability of the printing blanket in the working plane is sufficiently ensured. A printing blanket which is weakened in this way in its stiffness transversely to the active plane can now be applied as active layer 13 'to the base material 100' or the cover layer 16 'of the lower layer. A special printing blanket 70 of the type described above can thus be produced in a simple manner and can be clamped onto a printing blanket cylinder 12 in an equally simple manner. Furthermore, a reinforcement can be provided in the area of the tensioning edges of the special printing blanket 70 in such a way that both the clamping and the use of the special printing blanket 70 are improved during the printing process. Here, the special printing blanket 70 is flattened at its ends after joining the active layer 13 ′ and the lower layer to a thickness dimension suitable for the tensioning devices present in a printing blanket cylinder 12. The clamping ends produced in this way can also be provided with a reinforcement in the form of a metal rail or other suitable reinforcements. In order to avoid that active substances of the printing process penetrating the cover layer 16 'or the foam negatively influence the elasticity of the cover layer 16', the front edges of the tensioning ends of the special printing blanket 70 can be provided with a seal. In this way, a special printing blanket 70 is shown which contains a voluminous working area made of a flexible active layer 13 'with a suitably compressible lower layer. Furthermore, the special printing blanket 70 can be tensioned on a printing blanket cylinder 12 like a conventional printing blanket of known thickness.

The construction of the voluminous special printing blanket 70 described can be varied over a wide range, the starting materials (conventional or other printing blanket, underlayer or built-in layer made of open-cell foam) and their construction forming the general conditions. The connection between the active layer 13 'and the expandable base layer 17' or the installation of the foam in a printing blanket between the active layer 13 'and an additional, if necessary conventional, base layer for producing the special printing blanket 70 is carried out using known conventional means.

Claims

Expectations

1. Substructure material (100; 100 ')

for a printing form, in particular planographic printing form, or printing plate (11), in particular planographic printing plate, and / or

for a printing blanket (13; 70), in particular rubber blanket, in particular compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and / or

for another area involved in the printing process in printing, in particular in offset printing,

characterized in that the substructure material (100; 100 ') as an exchangeable cylinder (10, 12) assigned radially to the printing form or printing plate (11) and / or the printing blanket (13; 70) and / or the other surface involved in the printing process , 15) or radially to the associated drum elastically deformable composite (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17') is formed.

2. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite (16, 17, 18; 16', 17 ') as a stretchable underlay, in particular as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or as a stretchable blanket underlay, is trained.

3. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite (16, 17, 18; 16', 17 ') from at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16') and from at least an incompressible layer (17; 17 ') is built up.

4. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to claim 3, characterized in that the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') is designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer.

5. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') made of microcellular, preferably open-pore material, in particular of foam, in particular of polyurethane foam.

6. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') has a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters to about three millimeters, in particular of about 1, Has 2 millimeters to about 1.6 millimeters.

7. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the substructure material (100; 100') contains at least two compressible layers (16, 18), which preferably

a different structure and / or a different thickness

exhibit.

8. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the incompressible layer (17; 17') is designed as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or film.

9. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the incompressible layer (17; 17') contains at least one plastic, preferably polyester.

10. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the substructure material (100; 100') contains at least two incompressible layers, preferably

a different structure and / or

a different thickness

exhibit.

11. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the substructure material (100; 100 ') has at least one layer

made of adhesive material and / or

from filling material and / or

from auxiliary material

contains.

12. substructure material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a thickness in the order of about 0.5 millimeters to about 4.00 millimeters, in particular from about 1.5 millimeters to about 2.5 Millimeter.

13. Printing device, in particular offset printing device, for printing on printing materials, preferably paper or cardboard, in particular having an uneven surface

a forme cylinder (10) on which a printing form, in particular planographic printing form, or printing plate (11), in particular planographic printing plate, is clamped;

a printing blanket cylinder (12) on which a printing blanket (13) which is essentially dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, in particular a rubber blanket, in particular a compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, is stretched; and an impression cylinder (15),

characterized in that the forme cylinder (10) and / or the blanket cylinder (12) and / or the impression cylinder (15) and / or other surfaces involved in the printing on its surface with a base material (100; 100 ') according to at least one of the claims 1 to 12 are coated.

14. Printing device according to claim 13, characterized in that the printing blanket (13) has a substantially smooth surface and / or is deformable transversely to the plane of expansion, but is only slightly compressible.

15. printing blanket for printing on printing substrates with an uneven surface in an offset printing unit with a forme cylinder, a printing blanket cylinder and an impression cylinder, an essentially dimensionally stable printing blanket being stretched on the expansion blanket, which has a smooth surface and is deformable transversely to the expansion level, characterized in that a voluminous special printing blanket (13; 70) is provided in such a way that on its outside involved in the printing process an active layer (13 ') which is flexible radially to the printing blanket cylinder (12) and on its inside facing the printing blanket cylinder (12) directly or indirectly with the active layer (13 ') connected elastically deformable layer (16), preferably made of open-cell elastic material.

16. Printing blanket according to claim 15, characterized in that the elastically deformable layer is designed as a stretchable base layer, which has a dimensionally stable carrier layer and a reversibly compressible functional layer arranged on the upper side thereof and is firmly connected to the underside of the active layer (13 ').

17. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the elastically deformable layer is designed as a base layer, which is arranged as a reversibly compressible functional layer between the underside of the active layer (13 ') and a dimensionally stable carrier layer.

18. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that an incompressible or a compressible rubber blanket is provided as the active layer (13 ').

19. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the carrier layer of the special printing blanket (13; 70) consists of a base layer made of a dimensionally stable film and the functional layer made of a foam.

20. Printing blanket according to claim 19, characterized in that a conventional rubber blanket is provided as the active layer (13 ') of the special printing blanket (13; 70), the dimensionally stable carrier layer of which is weakened radially to the position on the printing blanket cylinder (12) in the plane of expansion of the special printing blanket (13; 70).

21. Printing blanket according to claim 20, characterized in that a conventional rubber blanket with a carrier layer consisting of several fabric layers is provided as the active layer (13 ') of the special printing blanket (13, 70), the carrier layer being weakened by one or more fabric layers.

22. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that at least one layer consisting of a fabric layer of a conventional printing blanket is provided as the carrier layer of the special printing blanket (13; 70) below the base layer.

23. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the deformable layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 millimeters.

24. Printing blanket according to claim 23, characterized in that the deformable layer preferably has a thickness of 1.2 to 1.6 millimeters.

25. Printing blanket according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that the special printing blanket (13; 70) is flattened at its clamping ends to the thickness of a conventional printing blanket, in such a way that it is like a conventional printing blanket on a printing blanket cylinder (12 ) is exciting.

26. Printing blanket according to claim 25, characterized in that the special printing blanket (13; 70) is provided at its tensioning ends with reinforcements for tensioning in a tensioning device of a blanket cylinder (12).

27. Printing blanket according to one of claims 25 and 26, characterized in that the special printing blanket (13; 70) is provided at its instep ends at least in the region of the elastically deformable layer with a seal against penetration of printing aids.

28. Device for printing on printing materials with an uneven surface with a forme cylinder, a printing blanket cylinder and an impression cylinder, a printing form, preferably a planographic printing form, being clamped on the form cylinder, wherein a printing blanket that is essentially dimensionally stable in its expansion plane is also clamped on the printing blanket cylinder , which has a smooth surface and is deformable transversely to the plane of expansion, characterized in that that a voluminous special printing blanket (13; 70) is stretched on the printing blanket cylinder (12) with an elastically deformable layer which preferably consists of open-cell foam.

29. A method for printing substrates with an uneven surface by means of a device according to claim 28, characterized in that the one printed image by means of a voluminous special printing blanket (13; 70) spanned on the blanket cylinder (12) with an elastically deformable layer preferably consisting of open-cell foam is transferred from the forme cylinder to the substrate.