JP3940602B2 - Basic materials for printing devices, printing devices and printing blankets for printing on non-flat substrates - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to create a substructure material (100; 100') for a printing mould, in particular a flat printing mould or a printing plate (11), in particular a flat printing plate, and/or a printing cloth (13), in particular a rubber cloth, in a special compressible or non-compressible rubber cloth, and/or for another surface involved in a printing process, in particular in off-set printing wherewith an improved printed image is obtained and which allows printing moulds or print plates to be changed in an easier and more rapid fashion, a substructure material (100; 100') is embodied as an exchangeable, elastically deformable composite material (16, 17, 18; 16', 17') accommodated radially relative to said printing mould or printing plate (11) and/or printing cloth (13) and/or other cylinders (10, 12, 15) involved in the printing process, said cylinders being linked to surfaces or connected radially to a drum.

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to printing plates, in particular lithographic printing plates or printing plates, in particular lithographic printing plates and / or blankets, in particular rubber blankets, in particular compressible or incompressible rubber blankets and / or in printing, in particular offset printing. The present invention relates to a base material for other surfaces involved in the printing process, and a printing device having the base material, particularly an offset printing device and a non-flat substrate, a printing blanket for printing corrugated paper.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  In printing technology, it is known to provide a printing device with an intermediate element that can compensate for surface unevenness of the substrate during the transfer of the printed image. In all conventional printing methods, the printed image is applied on the substrate by rolling of a cylinder or drum to which the printed image is transferred and guided to the substrate in the printing device. At this time, the printed image is formed on the printing plate or printing plate and, if necessary, is reproduced on the substrate via a transfer cylinder.
[0003]
  In direct printing such as letterpress printing, for example flexographic printing, a printing plate or printing plate having a raised printing surface is used for this purpose, and a printing image can be applied directly on the substrate by the printing plate or printing plate. .
[0004]
  In offset printing and indirect printing, a planographic printing method in a broad sense is targeted, and a printing image in the form of an ink material is transferred from a printing plate or a printing plate onto a transfer cylinder called a rubber cylinder. The surface of the printing plate or printing plate is provided in this connection with an oleophilic area, which is a water-repellent area corresponding to the image to be printed, so that the oleophilic ink applied from the inking device adheres thereto. A rubber cylinder, more precisely, a rubber cylinder is clamped, and a printed image is transferred onto a substrate from a printing blanket described later.
[0005]
  In an offset printing apparatus and indirect printing method, a printing image is transferred from a printing plate onto a transfer cylinder called a rubber cylinder. The printed image is transferred from the transfer cylinder onto the substrate. A flexible layer is applied on the rubber cylinder by a usual method. In normal offset printing, so-called blankets or rubber blankets are used for this purpose. This blanket is dimensionally stable in its extension direction, but can be deformed laterally. It may be compressible to some extent in the direction of its thickness. For this purpose, it is known that a compressible layer is provided inside the blanket.
[0006]
  A flexible layer is applied on the rubber cylinder in the usual way. In standard offset printing, so-called blankets or rubber blankets are used for this purpose, and the blanket is substantially dimensionally stable in its extension plane, but can be deformed laterally. The blanket is compressible to some extent in its thickness direction, and for this purpose it is known to provide a compression layer inside the blanket. From this blanket a printed image in the form of an ink material is applied on a substrate which is so-called paper to be printed or cardboard to be printed.
[0007]
  Rubber blankets or blankets used in offset printing are also necessary to compensate for surface unevenness of the substrate, especially during transfer of printed images in the offset printing process. Since a printing plate or printing plate for offset printing is formed from a thin plate or film by a usual method, the printing plate or printing plate cannot be sufficiently adapted to the surface structure of the substrate.
[0008]
  The blanket is compressed from the rubber cylinder to the impression cylinder with a relatively high crimping force in order to adapt to the surface structure of the substrate required for sufficient print quality. This is not prevented by the use of a so-called compressible blanket because the blanket has a higher deformability than a normal blanket, but also requires a relatively high crimping force. .
[0009]
  For this reason, when printing non-planar substrates, limits are placed on conventional offset printing, while blankets can only be deformed to a limited extent, in which case the substrates can be printed to ensure reliable print quality. The blanket needs to be fully crimped, while the substrate has a limited load capacity.
[0010]
  For example, when printing corrugated paper, special problems related to the internal structure of the corrugated paper occur. Corrugated paper does not have a uniform material because a corrugated bonding layer is provided to reduce the weight between the two coating layers. The covering layers used on the upper and lower surfaces of such corrugated paper are connected to each other by corrugated intermediate layers which are offset from each other only at certain points or only in a linear manner and for this reason on both sides. Non-uniform conditions occur across the surface when corrugated paper is loaded, and in particular each coating layer is flexible in the area between the joints with the corrugated intermediate layer and is therefore displaced during this range of loading. Occurs. Thus, a relatively inconvenient premise for uniform printing occurs during loading in the printing process.
[0011]
  In the flexographic printing method, it is known to lay a flexible and compressible underlayment below a printing plate or printing plate. In this case, the printing plate or the printing plate itself is incompressible, that is, it is rigid and the underlay allows the movement of the printing plate or the printing plate with respect to the printing cylinder (printing plate cylinder or printing plate cylinder). Departs from. As the underlay, for example, a foam material layer is provided, and the foam layer is placed on a loadable underlay. The flexible underlay, which is a loadable underlay, is simultaneously clamped together with the printing plate on the plate cylinder or the printing plate on the plate cylinder, in which case no length extension is expected.
[0012]
  The printing plate or the printing plate is in a state of copying within a range limited to the non-flatness on the surface of the substrate by such a method. In this case, of course, the printing quality is inevitably deteriorated due to deformation of the printing plate or printing plate. This is also associated with a very non-uniform distribution of printed and unprinted areas on the printing plate or printing plate in the usual manner. Furthermore, registering printing plates or printing plates for various printing inks is very difficult.
[0013]
  For offset printing, such a method is not known. It is known to clamp an underlay paper under a blanket onto a rubber cylinder. However, these liners are used only for so-called adjustment, in which the circumference of the rubber cylinder clamped with the blanket is adjusted to the conditions required for the printing process.
[0014]
  Furthermore, a method comparable to that of the plate or printing plate underlay is used only from the use of so-called compressible blankets. A compressible blanket allows deformation by thickness reduction only under relatively high pressure. The deformation required for conformity to the corrugated paper surface structure in such a blanket has led to a forced destruction of the corrugated paper in the printing process before the blanket is sufficiently deformed. For this reason, no method is known which allows for a highly uniform pressure distribution during the processing of corrugated paper in the printing process in offset printing.
[0015]
  The illustrated shortcomings and inaccessibility are generalized as long as the rotary cylinder involved in the printing process of the offset printing process is generally made of a hard material such as metal. The printing plate or printing plate is also manufactured from a rigid material, for example, a metal such as aluminum or zinc, or a synthetic resin. Based on the morphological stability of these materials, non-flatness and imbalance that negatively affects the printed image occur. In addition, the stiffness of the material makes it difficult to replace the printing plate or printing plate unless there is flexibility to compensate for tolerances.
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  Starting from the above description, the present invention provides an offset printing apparatus of the type described at the beginning, which provides an improved printed image, allows for quick and easy replacement of the printing plate and on a non-planar substrate. In particular, an object of the present invention is to improve so that a high quality print image can be printed on cardboard paper. Another object of the present invention is to form a printed image uniformly on a substrate to be printed, for example, on a paper web or corrugated paper by an offset printing method, which is expensive in quality and viewed over the entire surface. In this case, the substrate to be printed, for example a paper web or cardboard, should not be mechanically damaged in any way.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0017]
  This object is achieved by a base material having the features described in claim 1 and by a printing device having the features described in claim 8, in particular by an offset printing device and by a printing blanket having the features described in claim 10. Solved.
[0018]
  The teaching of the present invention is according to claim 1 for a printing blanket (13; 70), such as a rubber blanket or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, for a printing device, in particular for an offset printing machine. A basic material (100; 100 '),
  ThatThe base material (100; 100 ') can be exchanged in the radial direction relative to the cylinder (12) to which the printing blanket (13; 70) face is attached orThe trunk (12)In the base material (100; 100 ') formed as a composite (16, 17, 18; 16', 17 ') that is radially deformable with respect to
  ThatThe composite (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17') is formed as a clampable printing blanket underlay and at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ') and at least one uncompressed In which the compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ') is formed as a reversible compressible functional layer and is a foam material, in particular a foamed polyurethane. In the base material (100; 100 '), characterized in that it is preferably composed of a material with open pores and can have a thickness from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
  In this case, the basic material can be exchanged, either in the radial direction with respect to the cylinder to which the printing blanket is attached orThe torsoIn contrast, it is formed of a composite that can be elastically deformed in the radial direction, and can compensate for non-flatness, dimensional tolerances, and unbalance of components involved in the printing process. In this way, the uniformity of the printed image and thus an improvement can be achieved.
[0019]
  Advantageous configurations and reasonable other configurations of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.
  In this case, the base material can be exchanged, and is formed of a composite that can be elastically deformed in the radial direction with respect to each rotary cylinder or in the radial direction with respect to each drum. Dimensional tolerances and imbalances can be compensated. In this way, the uniformity of the printed image and thus an improvement can be achieved.
[0020]
  In composites, the base material according to the invention, which can be formed as a clampable underlay, in particular a clampable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or a clampable blanket underlay, is additionally added for improved printing quality. In addition, the installation of the offset printing device can be facilitated in a surprising manner. During the assembly of the printing plate or printing plate on the plate cylinder, i.e. the base material is based on its radial elasticity, in some cases dimensional tolerances between the printing plate or printing plate and the plate cylinder are compensated. Is considered. With the action of high forces and the corresponding deflection of the base material, both the printing plate or the printing plate can be fixed on the plate cylinder with a rigid seat.
[0021]
  Illustratively with respect to rubber cylinders, those skilled in the art are expected in the field of printing technology to allow enhanced deformation of the radial blanket relative to the rubber cylinder by a flexible base material under the blanket in the printing process. The deformation is possible with a slight force against the deformation of the compressible blanket. At the same time, the length stability of the blanket is retained, thereby ensuring good print quality and enabling printing on non-flat surfaces such as corrugated paper in offset printing.
[0022]
  In this context, a series of other process advantages resulting from the offset printing method are obtained, in particular this allows the use of cheaper printing plates or printing plates and simple registers in multicolor printing. To do.
[0023]
  According to another special inventive configuration of the base material according to the invention, the composite is composed of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer.
[0024]
  A compressible layer that can be formed as a reversibly compressible functional layer in a suitable manner can compensate for non-flatness, dimensional tolerances and imbalances of components involved in the printing process. In this way, the uniformity of the printed image and thus an improvement can be achieved.
[0025]
  In this case, the bond between the incompressible layer and the compressible layer allows the base material to be handled in an advantageous manner at the same time, so that a base material having a particularly sufficient stability is fixed on the cylinder involved in the printing process. That is ensured. Moreover, the bond between the incompressible layer and the compressible layer gives the composite material a high stability, so that the force introduced into the compressible layer can only act on a limited deformation of the base material.
[0026]
  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compressible layer of the base material can be a material consisting of microcells, preferably open pores. A cell structure of a kind of foam material makes it possible to adjust the compressibility of the material as desired. If the compressible layer composed of microcells is reasonably formed from polyurethane foam, high durability with the desired compressibility results. At this time, the base material can be optimally selected in consideration of characteristics other than compressibility, for example, in consideration of scratch strength and / or chemical durability.
[0027]
  The compressible function of the entire material is caused by its cellular structure, which is adjusted by the user, optionally depending on the respective requirements and independent of the basic material.
[0028]
  According to another configuration of the invention, a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular an incompressible layer formed as a dimensionally stable plate or film, covers at least one synthetic resin completely or partly in an advantageous manner. And preferably polyester. Such materials are inexpensive, have high durability, and at the same time are flexible with respect to deflection or shape-stable with respect to tension. In addition, such materials are combined with other materials in composite materials.
[0029]
  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base material can have one or more other layers, which can in particular have an adhesive material, a filling material and / or other auxiliary materials. In this connection, the adhesive material serves to bond adjacent layers, i.e. in particular to connect the incompressible layer to the compressible layer. The filler material is used to give the base material the desired capacity (layer thickness) without any other influence on the material properties. In addition, a layer of other auxiliary material is provided, the auxiliary material being used, for example, for improving the supporting cylinder, printing plate or printing plate, blanket or the like or for bonding the specified outer surface. it can.
[0030]
  As a special shape of the base material, the base material has at least two compressible layers, in which case the compressible layer preferably has a different structure in view of the base material and / or structure (porous) And / or different thicknesses. By combining a plurality of compressible layers, the properties of the base material can be controlled upon the introduction of pressure. For example, a thick or large compressible layer can be in direct contact with the printing plate or printing plate to achieve good local absorption of the peak pressure and peak force, whereas deeper positions Considering that the hard (thin) material present is distributed over a large range of large forces introduced.
[0031]
  In a special configuration of the base material, the base material has at least two incompressible layers, and the incompressible layer further has a different structure, especially considering the base material and / or structure and / or different thicknesses. Can do. Such measures can also control the properties of the basic material obtained. In particular, the layer that is in direct contact with the carrier layer can be optimally set for bonding therewith. This means that these materials have sufficient strength (scratch strength) and / or sufficient thickness to be mounted on the cylinder. On the other hand, the inner layer of the base material is reduced to a thickness sufficient to satisfy the inner carrier function of the entire composite.
[0032]
  The total (layer) thickness of a flat base material composed of at least two layers can vary on the order of approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 4 mm, in particular 1.5 mm to approximately 2.5 mm. With such a layer thickness, existing printing devices can be loaded with the base material without modification or without substantial modification in order to take into account methods for non-flatness compensation.
[0033]
  According to claim 8 of the present invention,
  A printing device, in particular an offset printing press, in particular for printing on a substrate, such as paper or cardboard, with a particularly non-planar surface, such as cardboard,
A lithographic printing plate or printing plate (11) or a plate cylinder (10) to which a printing plate such as a lithographic printing plate can be clamped;
A rubber cylinder (12) for clamping a rubber blanket or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket;
In the printing apparatus comprising the impression cylinder (15),
  ThatThe rubber cylinder (12) is layered on the surface with a base material (100; 100 '), where the base material (100; 100')SaidExchangeable in the radial direction with respect to the rubber cylinder (13; 70) orThe rubber cylinder (13; 70)Are formed as elastically deformable composites (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17'), in which case the composites (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17') can be clamped It is formed as a rubber underlay and is formed as at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ') and at least one incompressible layer (17, 17'), with the compressible layer (16 , 18; 16 ') are formed as a reversible compressible functional layer and are made of foamed material, in particular of microcells made of foamed polyurethane, preferably of open pores, and from 0.5 mm to 3 mm The printing apparatus is characterized by having a thickness of
  The printing apparatus described above is characterized in that the plate cylinder (10) is layered on the surface with a base material (100; 100 '). Based on the previously described properties of the base material, such a printing device can provide an improved quality print.
[0034]
  According to claim 10,A printing blanket for printing on a substrate having a non-planar surface such as cardboard in an offset printing apparatus having a plate cylinder, a rubber cylinder (12) and an impression cylinder (15), wherein the rubber cylinder (12 A printing blanket having a flat surface and disposed as a deformable blanket;
Because of the thickness of the flat rubber blanket that is substantially dimensionally stable and fits the deformable surface of the material to be printed such as cardboard (14, 14 ') Flattened printing blanket (13; 70) is arranged on the side facing the material to be printed, with a height relative to the surface of the rubber cylinder (12). The difference is that the base material with a thickness of 0.5mm to 3.00mm formed as a rubber body underlay ( 100; 100 ' ) Which is compensated by the flexible cover layer (16, 16 ') formed as a foam layer of the outer surface of the rubber blank (12) on the outer surface involved in the printing process of the printing blanket (13, 17). Flexible working layer (13 ') in the direction And an elastically deformable layer (16 ') made of an elastic material in the form of an open hole, which is directly or indirectly connected to the working layer (13') on its inner surface facing the rubber cylinder (12). The working layer has a dimensionally stable carrier layer and a reversible compressible functional layer disposed on the surface thereof, and is fixed to the lower surface of the working layer (13 ′), In this case, the working layer (13 ' ,13) A non-compressible or compressible rubber layer comprising a plurality of fabric layers and having a carrier layer grown around one or more fabric layers, the printing blanket (13; 70) A dimensionally stable carrier layer in the expansion plane grows in a radial direction with respect to the position on the rubber cylinder (12), the carrier layer of the printing blanket (13; 70) being an underlayer made of dimensionally stable film and And a printing blanket comprising a functional layer made of a foam material..
  The printing blanket specified in claim 10 has the following advantages. In particular, by fixing the underlay layer on the underside or inward of the printing blanket, a large deformation of the printing blanket in the radial direction relative to the plate cylinder during the printing process is made possible. The deformation is possible with a small force compared to the deformation of the known compressible printing blanket. At the same time, the stability of the length of the printing blanket is maintained, in which case good printing quality can be ensured. Thereby, it is possible to print on a very flat surface of any substrate such as cardboard in offset printing. In doing so, another series of process advantages resulting from offset printing is obtained. In particular, this allows the use of simple registers in inexpensive printing plates and multicolor printing.
[0035]
  The blanket having the features of claim 15 has the following features. A special blanket underside or inward flexible underlay allows an enhanced deformation of the special blanket in the radial direction relative to the rubber cylinder during printing. The deformation is possible with a small force against the deformation of the known compressible blanket. At the same time, the stability of the length of the special blanket is maintained, in which case good print quality is ensured. Thereby, printing on any non-planar surface of any substrate such as corrugated paper is possible in offset printing. A series of other process advantages resulting from the offset printing process are then obtained. In particular, this advantage is the use of inexpensive plates and simple registers in multicolor printing.
[0036]
  Two embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0037]
【Example】
  The same or similar configurations, elements, or features are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIGS.
[0038]
  In FIG. 1, the essential elements of an offset printing press for rotary printing are shown schematically. The printed document is in the form of a so-called printing plate or printing plate on a first rotating cylinder, plate cylinder 10, which is also referred to as a plate cylinder. According to the contour to be printed, the surface of the printing plate 11 consists of hydrophilic (so-called hydrophilic) or oleophilic (oleophilic) regions, and as a result (not shown for better visibility in FIG. 1). The oleophilic printing ink applied by the inking device adheres only to the corresponding oleophilic areas. When the water emulsion ink is used, the adhesion state is reversed. As a result, the portion to be printed on the printing plate 11 is oleophilic and is referred to as so-called oil repelling.
[0039]
  The plate cylinder 10 is in contact with the rubber cylinder 12. The surface of the rubber cylinder 12 is covered with a rubber (printing) blanket 13. When the cylinders 10 and 12 rotate in opposite directions, the ink on the printing plate 11 is transferred onto the rubber blanket 13. As the rubber cylinder 12 rotates further, this ink is applied again on the paper web 14 to be printed. The paper web 14 is guided here via an impression cylinder 15 which takes into account the corresponding crimping to the rubber blanket 13.
[0040]
  The offset printing method described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 (first embodiment) is based on the basis between the plate cylinder 10 and the plate 11 and / or between the rubber cylinder 12 and the rubber blanket 13 and / or on the impression cylinder 15. The material 100 is placed and the base material is formed by a composite consisting of a compressible layer and an incompressible layer.
[0041]
  FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of such a base material 100 on the plate cylinder 10 and the rubber cylinder 12. The base material 100 can improve and compensate for non-flatness or imbalance of the plate cylinder 10 and / or the plate 11. Thus, the printed image is improved. Furthermore, the assembly of the printing plate 11 on the plate cylinder 10 is facilitated, and thus the mounting of the printing plate 11 is made suitable. In this connection, the base material 100 allows a high printing speed.
[0042]
  A typical layer structure of the base material 100 is represented in FIG. The base material 100 arranged on the carrier 19 has three different layers 16, 17 and 18 in a sandwich shape in the case represented in FIG.
[0043]
  At the lowest position, a polyurethane cushion 18 made of an open cell having a thickness of approximately 0.51 mm is disposed in contact with the so-called carrier 19. In the center, there is a mylar film 17 for a synthetic resin material that is hard and cannot be compressed. The sandwich structure is closed by a polyurethane cushion 16 consisting of open cells approximately 1.02 mm thick. The total thickness of the base material 100 is approximately 2.10 mm.
[0044]
  The different thicknesses 16, 17 and 18 are bonded together by an adhesive layer. The synthetic resin plate or the synthetic resin film 17 considers sufficient strength of the basic material 100. The compressibility layers 16 and 18 disposed on both outer surfaces of the sandwich material can compensate for the non-flatness of the abutment such as the cylinder 19 and the printing plate 11. The upper surface 20 of the polyurethane cushion 16 is preferably formed smooth (and without an adhesive) because it is particularly suitable for the abutment of the rubber blanket 13.
[0045]
  The base material 100 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can form a rigid, compressible base material for printing plates in offset printing and hybrid printing with flexographic and offset printing devices. In this case, the sandwich structure of the basic material is formed in particular by different types of compressible foam cushions and synthetic resin plates or synthetic resin films. In this case, one or more, in particular, different polyurethane cushions can be combined with one or more, in particular, different synthetic resin plates or synthetic resin films. The polyurethane cushion combined with the sandwich structure and / or the thickness of the synthetic resin plate or synthetic resin film can also be varied.
[0046]
  FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the offset printing apparatus according to the invention. The offset printing apparatus includes an impression cylinder 15, a rubber cylinder 12, a plate cylinder 10, an ink device 21 attached to the plate cylinder 10, and a dampening device 22.
[0047]
  The impression cylinder 15 is useful for guiding printed paper sheets. For this purpose, the impression cylinder 15 is provided with a gripper system (not shown in detail for better visibility in FIG. 3). The printed paper sheet is guided on a smooth surface.
[0048]
  The rubber cylinder 12 faces the impression cylinder 15. The rubber cylinder 12 is stretched with a blanket 13, which can be stable in length and flexible in a direction transverse to the direction of extension of the surface and to a slight extent compressible. The blanket 13 is clamped on the rubber cylinder 12.
[0049]
  A plate cylinder 10 is attached to the rubber cylinder 12. On the plate cylinder 10, a printing plate or printing plate 11 is clamped, which consists of a thin metal plate in the usual way in offset printing. The printing plate 11 is supplied with ink by the inking device 21, the surface to be printed being distinguished from the surface not to be printed by the water supply by the dampening device 22 in advance. In an offset printing apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 3, it is considered that printing inks having different thicknesses can be applied on a substrate, and the printing quality can be obtained over the entire surface. Should be made as uniform as possible.
[0050]
  For this purpose, the printing area according to FIG. 3 is represented in FIG. 4 between the rubber cylinder 12 and the impression cylinder 15, in which case the impression cylinder 15 shown below in FIGS. The diameter ratio between the rubber cylinder 12 shown in FIG.
[0051]
  In FIG. 4, a printing material is shown on the impression cylinder 15, and the printing material is implemented as corrugated paper 14 'in this second embodiment. The corrugated paper 14 'has a lower covering layer 141' shown below in FIGS. 4 and 5 and an upper covering layer 143 'shown in the upper part of FIGS. 4 and 5, and both covering layers 141' and 143 ' Connected to each other by a corrugated bonding layer 142 ', with the lower covering layer 141' bonded to the lower edge of the bonding layer 142 'and the upper covering layer 143' bonded above the bonding layer 142 '. This combination results in a very stable print, often used especially in the packaging field.
[0052]
  A rubber cylinder 12 is further arranged opposite to the impression cylinder 15, and a printing blanket 13 is shown on the outer side of the rubber cylinder. The blanket 13 is described as a uniform layer in FIG. 4, in which case the blanket is implemented as a so-called rubber blanket and consists of a base layer that cannot be stretched and a flexible covering layer. For this purpose, other intermediate layers that improve the functionality of the blanket 13 can be used.
[0053]
  A base material 100 ′ formed as a blanket underlay directly on the surface of the rubber cylinder 12 below the blanket 13 is disposed on the rubber 12. This base material 100 'is composed of a base layer 17' that cannot be stretched and a flexible covering layer 16 'disposed on the base layer 17'. On the other hand, the non-extensible base layer 17 ′ can be a rigid synthetic resin film, and the flexible covering layer 16 ′ is a layer made of a foam material of a quality specified by a suitable method.
[0054]
  The base material 100 ′ formed as a rubber blanket underlay is separated by the non-extensible base layer 17 ′, and the foam material (flexible covering layer 16 ′) is separated from the synthetic resin film (base layer 17 ′ without extension). They are joined together and stretched on the rubber cylinder 12 together with the blanket 13. The surface of the rubber cylinder 12 is therefore identical to a conventional rubber cylinder provided with a blanket.
[0055]
  FIG. 5 is a cutaway view of FIG. On the lower side, a corrugated paper 14 'is recognized as a printed matter. A blanket 13 is disposed above the corrugated paper 14 'and the blanket is adapted to the deformed surface of the corrugated paper 14'. The difference in height relative to the surface of the rubber cylinder 12 partially represented below is compensated by a flexible covering layer 16 'implemented as a foam material layer of the base material 100' formed as a blanket underlay. The foam material is compressed to a location where the upper surface of the corrugated paper 14 'is fixed, in which case the blanket 13 bends and the blanket is deformed accordingly.
[0056]
  A blanket 13 on the deformable surface of the corrugated paper 14 'enters the intermediate space between the two rigid webs of the corrugated paper 14', with the flexible covering layer 16 'being configured as a foam material layer. It is responsible for this compensation function.
[0057]
  Different prints having a non-planar surface by printing preparation, i.e. by determining the working distance between the rubber cylinder 12 and the impression cylinder 15 or by selecting different foam material layers for the base material 100 'formed as a blanket underlay. The present invention is applicable to quality. A relatively easily compressible substrate, such as corrugated paper 14 'shown in the second embodiment of FIGS. 3-5, than a relatively rigid substrate, such as solid cardboard with irregularities. A soft foaming agent is required.
[0058]
  For good function and required print quality, the thickness of the base material 100 'formed as a blanket underlay is important. Basic material 100 ′ with a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 3.00 mm or 4.00 mm is basically considered for so-called use. The selection of a base material 100 ′ having a thickness of about 1.00 mm to about 2.00 mm is suitable for the known technique for using printed materials. A foam material that is reversibly compressible over a frequent cycle of action is preferred as the foam material. In this case, a foam material consisting of open cells is used in a suitable manner. The foam material is more compressible than a layer of known closed cells in the blanket.
[0059]
  The special blankets 13, 70 can be produced from a conventional blanket, preferably by incorporating the base layer 17 'also in the blanket. In this case, the foam material consisting of so-called open cells is preferably mounted on an existing non-extensible textile layer or other kind of base layer or support layer of a blanket. A blanket working layer 13 'can also be applied on the foam material. This achieves the advantage that with the same extension strength of a special blanket 70 relative to a conventional blanket, a significantly improved flexibility is obtained, in particular in the direction transverse to the plane direction of the special blanket 70 in its working layer 13 ′. (FIG. 4).
[0060]
  A simple improvement in the manner of operation of the special blanket 70 can be achieved by placing only a portion of the conventional blanket on the base material 100 'or the underlying layer. To this end, a conventional fabric blanket layer, usually a textile underlayment that forms part of the stretch strength of the blanket, can be applied. Thereby, the dimensional stability of the blanket is sufficiently ensured in the working plane. In this way, a blanket that is thin in rigidity and transverse to the working plane can be applied as working layer 13 'on the base material 100' or on the covering layer 16 'of the underlying layer. A special blanket 70 of the kind described above can thereby be produced in a simple manner and can be clamped on the rubber cylinder 12 in a similar simple manner.
[0061]
  In addition, in the area of the clamp edge of the special blanket 70, a kind of strengthening can be performed in which both the clamp and the use of the special blanket 70 are improved in the printing process. At this time, the special blanket 70 is flattened by the construction of the working layer 13 'and the underlay layer is flattened at a thickness suitable for the clamping device existing on the rubber cylinder 12. The clamp end so manufactured can further comprise a reinforcement in the form of a metal rail or other suitable reinforcement. The edge of the clamp end of the special blanket 70 is provided with a seal in order to prevent the coating layer 16 'or the agent of the printing process entering the foam material from negatively affecting the elasticity of the coating layer 16'. Can do. In this way a special blanket 70 is represented, which holds a bulky working area consisting of a flexible working layer 13 'by an underlayable layer which can be compressed in a suitable manner. However, a more specific blanket 70 can clamp a conventional blanket of known thickness to the rubber cylinder 12.
[0062]
  The structure of the described bulky blanket 70 is variable in a wide range, with the starting material (conventional or other blanket, underlying layer or a built-in layer made of foam material consisting of open cells) and its structure forming protective conditions To do. Incorporation into the blanket between the working layer 13 'and the non-stretching base layer 17' or the working layer 13 'of foam material and optionally a conventional support layer for the formation of a special blanket 70, It is carried out by known conventional means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[0063]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an offset printing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an exemplary layer structure of a base material according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an offset printing apparatus according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a printing process in a printing region of the offset printing apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the print region of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
[0064]
  10 Plate cylinder
  11 Printing plate or printing plate
  12 Rubber body
  13 Printing blanket
  15 impression cylinder
  16 Complex
  16 'complex
  17 Complex
  17 'complex
  18 Complex
  18 'complex
  70 printing blanket
  100 basic materials
  100 'basic material

Claims (16)

A printing blanket (13; 70), such as a rubber blanket or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, for a printing device, in particular an offset printing machine (100; 100 '),
Underlying material (100; 100 '), the printing blanket (13; 70) face deformable in the radial direction with respect to the replaceable or the cylinder in a radial direction (12) relative to the cylinder (12) which is attached In said base material (100; 100 ') formed as a complex (16, 17, 18; 16', 17 ')
The composite (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17') is formed as a clampable printing blanket underlay and at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ') and at least one non- A compressible layer (17; 17 '), wherein the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') is formed as a reversible compressible functional layer and is a foam material, in particular foam. Said base material (100; 100 '), characterized in that it is made of a microcell, such as polyurethane, preferably of an open pore material and can have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm. The base material (100; 100 ′) has at least two compressible layers (16, 18), the compressible layer is preferably
Base material (100; 100 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that it has different structures and / or different thicknesses.   Base material (100; 100 ') according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the incompressible layer (17; 17') is formed as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or film. )   Base material (100;) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the incompressible layer (17; 17 ') comprises at least one synthetic resin, preferably a polyester. 100 ').   The base material (100; 100 ') has at least two incompressible layers, which preferably have different structures and / or different thicknesses. A base material according to any one of the preceding 4 (100; 100 ').   6. The base material (100; 100 ') according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has at least one layer of adhesive material and / or filling material and / or auxiliary material. Basic material (100; 100 ').   Base material (100; 100 ') according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the thickness is of the order of 0.5 mm to 4.00 mm. A printing device, in particular an offset printing press, in particular for printing on a substrate, such as paper or cardboard, with a particularly non-planar surface, such as cardboard,
A lithographic printing plate or printing plate (11) or a plate cylinder (10) to which a printing plate such as a lithographic printing plate can be clamped;
A rubber cylinder (12) for clamping a rubber blanket or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket;
In the printing apparatus comprising the impression cylinder (15),
The rubber cylinder (12) is layered on its surface with a base material (100; 100 '), the base material (100; 100') being radial with respect to the rubber cylinder (13; 70). It is formed as a composite (16, 17, 18; 16 ', 17') which is exchangeable in direction or elastically deformable with respect to the rubber cylinder (13; 70) , in which case the composite (16, 17 , 18; 16 ', 17') are formed as a clampable rubber sleeve and are at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ') and at least one incompressible layer (17, 17'). In this case, the compressible layer (16, 18; 16 ′) is preferably formed as a reversible compressible functional layer and of a microcell made of foamed material, in particular foamed polyurethane, Made of open hole material, and The printing apparatus having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm.   Printing according to claim 8, characterized in that the printing blanket (13) has a substantially flat surface and / or is deformable transversely to the pulling direction but is only slightly compressible. apparatus. A printing blanket for printing on a substrate having a non-planar surface such as cardboard in an offset printing apparatus having a plate cylinder, a rubber cylinder (12) and an impression cylinder (15), wherein the rubber cylinder (12 A printing blanket having a flat surface and disposed as a deformable blanket;
Because of the thickness of the flat rubber blanket that is substantially dimensionally stable and fits the deformable surface of the material to be printed such as cardboard (14, 14 ') Flattened printing blanket (13; 70) is arranged on the side facing the material to be printed, with a height relative to the surface of the rubber cylinder (12). The difference is that the flexible cover layer (16, 16 ) formed as a foam layer of a base material ( 100; 100 ′ ) having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3.00 mm formed as a rubber underlay. ′) , And in this case, on the outer surface involved in the printing process of the printing blanket (13, 17), a working layer (13 ′) which is flexible in the radial direction with respect to the rubber cylinder (12), and its rubber Directly on the inner surface facing the trunk (12) or There is provided an elastically deformable layer (16 ′) made of an elastic material in the form of an open hole, which is joined to the working layer (13 ′) in a tangible manner, the working layer comprising a carrier layer having a stable dimension and It has a reversible compressible functional layer disposed on its surface, and is fixed to the lower surface of the working layer (13 ′). In this case, a plurality of fabric layers are used as the working layers (13 ′, 13). An incompressible or compressible rubber layer is provided with a carrier layer that grows around one or more fabric layers, and is dimensionally stable in the expansion plane of the printing blanket (13; 70). The carrier layer grows in a radial direction with respect to the position on the rubber cylinder (12), the carrier layer of the printing blanket (13; 70) being an underlayer composed of a dimensionally stable film and a function composed of a foam material. The printing blanket comprising a layer. .   The elastically deformable layer is formed as an underlayer, which is arranged as a reversible compressible functional layer between the underside of the working layer (13 ′) and the dimensionally stable carrier layer The printing blanket according to claim 10.   As a clampable underlay layer, wherein the elastically deformable layer has a dimensionally stable carrier layer as well as a reversible compressible functional layer disposed on the surface thereof and is fixed to the back surface of the working layer (13 ′) The printing blanket according to claim 10, wherein the printing blanket is formed.   The elastically deformable layer is formed as an underlay layer, and the underlayer is formed as a reversible compressible layer between the lower surface of the working layer (13 ′) and the dimensionally stable carrier layer. Printing blanket according to any one of claims 10-12.   14. The printing blanket (13; 70) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the carrier layer of the printing blanket (13; 70) is provided with at least one layer consisting of a fabric layer of a conventional printing blanket below the underlay layer. A printing blanket according to any one of the above.   15. The printing blanket (13; 70) according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the clamping end is provided with a reinforcing part for drawing it into the clamping device of the rubber cylinder (12), respectively. Printing blanket described in one.   16. The printing blanket (13; 70) according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a seal against entry of printing aid material at least in the region of the elastically deformable layer at its clamping end. A printing blanket according to one.

Images