WO2001025603A1 - Kraftfahrzeug mit einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Kraftfahrzeug mit einer brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001025603A1 WO2001025603A1 PCT/EP2000/009279 EP0009279W WO0125603A1 WO 2001025603 A1 WO2001025603 A1 WO 2001025603A1 EP 0009279 W EP0009279 W EP 0009279W WO 0125603 A1 WO0125603 A1 WO 0125603A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor vehicle
- vehicle according
- exhaust gas
- catalytic converter
- switching flap
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2046—Periodically cooling catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
- F01N3/2889—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices with heat exchangers in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/02—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
- F01N2260/022—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device using air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine with catalytic exhaust gas purification via at least one precatalyst used immediately behind an exhaust manifold and at least one main catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas stream behind it, in particular a NO x storage catalytic converter.
- a front pipe of a conventional three-way catalytic converter is surrounded by a casing, which is led as a cooling air pipe to the end pipe of the exhaust system and ends there in a suction jet pump using the exhaust gas flow.
- a disadvantage of this known exhaust system is in particular that only the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the main catalyst can be influenced.
- the object of the invention is to provide a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, the catalytic exhaust gas purification of which can be optimized over an extended engine operating range.
- an air duct is arranged in the vehicle, which has an inlet opening in a region of the front of the motor vehicle and whose end is directed towards the exhaust manifold and / or a special exhaust gas cooler and which can be provided with a controllable switching flap in the region of the inlet opening.
- This exhaust duct allows the exhaust manifold and thus the exhaust gas to cool down, particularly at higher driving speeds, so that the temperatures of a pre-storage and storage catalytic converter also decrease.
- Another advantage of exhaust gas cooling is that at high engine speeds and loads, the thermal load on the pre- and storage catalytic converter is reduced, which contributes significantly to extending the component life.
- a pre-catalytic converter and / or a main catalytic converter is mentioned in the further text, this may also mean several such catalytic converters on a single motor vehicle.
- the switching flap optionally arranged in the area of the inlet opening of the air duct can either have two switching states, opened and closed, or can be designed to be infinitely variable.
- controllable switching flap is designed as an air deflection device, so that in an operating position it deflects the cooling air flow towards a cooling water heat exchanger and can thus be ensured that, for example, when the motor vehicle is traveling uphill under high load and too high Coolant temperature of the internal combustion engine, the air flow can be used for additional cooling of the cooling water heat exchanger.
- component protection for the pre-catalyst and the storage catalytic converter can then be ensured by increasing the concentration of the combustion mixture.
- the inlet opening can have air baffles that are funnel-shaped and a blower can be arranged in the region of the inlet opening in order to be able to ensure satisfactory cooling of the exhaust gas or the catalysts even at lower speeds.
- air guide plates can be arranged in the air guide shaft in order to achieve a targeted guidance of the air flow around the components to be cooled.
- the entire exhaust system can be designed to be supplementary or optionally optimized, for example by ribbing or by using special pipe geometries with a larger surface, by coating the exhaust system to increase the emission coefficients and thus the heat emission by radiation, as well as measures to increase the heat transfer between Exhaust and exhaust system can be provided.
- the switching flap is preferably operated via an electronic control of the engine management, the switching flap being opened in a rest position or a default position and being activated during the operating conditions listed below: during the heating of the pre- and main catalytic converter after an engine start or when desulfurization of the Before and Main catalyst is required; if the exhaust gas temperature after the main catalytic converter is lower than the dew point or if the coolant temperature is lower than a minimum threshold; if the exhaust gas temperature before the pre-catalytic converter is less than a minimum threshold and the exhaust gas temperature after the pre-catalytic converter is less than a minimum threshold and at the same time the temperature of the main catalytic converter is less than a minimum threshold or if the vehicle speed is less than a minimum threshold.
- the switching flap is controlled in a deflection position when the coolant temperature of the internal combustion engine is greater than a maximum threshold and the exhaust gas or catalyst temperature is greater than a maximum threshold.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas cooling
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a version with an air deflection device
- FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3,
- Fig. 5 shows another version of the exhaust gas cooling in side view
- FIG. 6 shows two air flows of the version according to FIG. 5.
- a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine 10 with catalytic exhaust gas purification with a pre-catalytic converter 7 arranged directly behind an exhaust manifold 9 and a main catalytic converter 8 arranged in the exhaust gas stream behind it, designed as a NO x storage catalytic converter, has an air duct 1 for cooling the exhaust gas, which is located in the area of the front of a Motor vehicle has an inlet opening 2 and the end of which is directed towards the exhaust manifold 9 and / or an exhaust gas cooler, not shown in the drawing, and in the region of the inlet opening 2, which is preferably behind a radiator grille 12 is arranged, has a controllable switching flap 3; 4.
- This switching flap 3; 4 either has two switching states, an open state and a closed state, or is designed to be infinitely variable, as a result of which the exhaust gas temperature can be adjusted particularly precisely to the optimal working range of the NO x storage catalytic converter.
- a controllable switching flap 4 as shown in Figure 2 is designed as an air deflecting device which can be brought into a flow position in which the cooling air flow is directed towards a cooling water heat exchanger, which is particularly the case in the rare case when driving uphill under high load and too high a cooling water temperature may be the case, but then an increased enrichment of the combustion mixture is necessary for component protection.
- FIG. 3 A more specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, behind an radiator grille 12, which is arranged above a bumper 15 and below a hood 14, an inlet opening 2 of the air duct 1, which has air baffles 6 on its front, which are funnel-shaped are arranged.
- a controllable switching flap 3 is arranged, which is followed by a flexible element 16 in the air duct 1 for the vibration decoupling of the internal combustion engine 10 and the body, the air duct 1 opening into a heat shielding plate 11 directed towards the manifold 9 in order to precede the hot exhaust gases to cool down the pre-catalyst 7 to a desired temperature.
- Further air baffles can be provided within the heat shield plate 11, which serve to even out the flow against the exhaust pipes of the individual cylinders, which is particularly useful in the case of an inclined flow against the exhaust pipes.
- the switching flap 3 is controlled via a control unit 17 which, in addition to the known engine operating data, is supplied with process data to be evaluated via a temperature sensor 18 arranged upstream and / or downstream of the pre-catalyst and / or upstream of the main catalyst.
- the front pipe of the main catalytic converter 8 designed as a storage catalytic converter can also be operated in a known manner are cooled, for example by additional air baffles 13 in the underbody capsule of the motor vehicle, which can optionally also be designed to be switchable.
- an additional blower can be provided either to increase the air throughput and the flow speed through the air duct 1 in the region of its inlet opening 2 or downstream of the switching flap 3, or to improve the heat dissipation the exhaust system can have additional ribbing or also
- the use of special pipe geometries with a larger surface area can be done, as can a coating of the exhaust system to increase the emission coefficients and thus the heat emission by radiation, or other known measures can be used to increase the heat transfer between the exhaust gas and the exhaust pipe wall or between it and the environment to be hit.
- the cooling air is taken out below the bumper 15.
- This embodiment can be particularly advantageous in vehicles with the bonnet 14 pulled down very sharply if an air inlet in the radiator grille 12 has only a small cross section. It is also advantageous in this embodiment that the cooling air is removed in the area of the highest dynamic pressure.
- An air duct 1 leads next to or via a cooler at an angle upwards and is guided in an arc on the heat shielding plate 11. In order to prevent the switching flap 3 from becoming stuck, it should preferably be arranged in the air duct 1 leading obliquely upwards.
- FIG. 5 can lead to an inhomogeneous formation of the air flow due to the multiple deflection of the cooling air flow.
- Fig. 6 illustrates by different strong arrows, such as by a suitable inclination of the switching flap 3, right representation, part of the more pronounced cooling air flow in the area near the catalytic converter, left representation, can be directed into the upper part of the air duct and thus to a homogenization of the inflow contributes.
- the inclined position of the switching flap 3 can be ensured in the open position by appropriate design of the maximum adjustment path of this flap 3. But it is also conceivable to provide a stop buffer that can be made fixed or adjustable.
- the Inclination of the flap 3 in the rest position can then be set depending on the driving speed and / or the exhaust gas or catalyst temperatures.
- a further homogenization of the air flow in the exhaust gas cooling in the version according to FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is possible by further fixed or adjustable air baffles 22 arranged upstream or downstream of the switching flap, as shown by way of example in FIG. 6.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00964224A EP1222372A1 (de) | 1999-10-07 | 2000-09-22 | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer brennkraftmaschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19948148A DE19948148B4 (de) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19948148.2 | 1999-10-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001025603A1 true WO2001025603A1 (de) | 2001-04-12 |
Family
ID=7924696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/009279 WO2001025603A1 (de) | 1999-10-07 | 2000-09-22 | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1222372A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1183316C (de) |
DE (1) | DE19948148B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001025603A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1275829A1 (de) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Einrichtung zum Einstellen der Temperatur von Abgasen |
CN105370347A (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-02 | 庞介顺 | 排气多级增氧热平衡净化装置 |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10121695A1 (de) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-11-14 | Audi Ag | Abgasanlage für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE10147624B4 (de) * | 2001-09-27 | 2012-07-19 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgaskühlvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10222320A1 (de) * | 2002-05-18 | 2003-12-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Betätigungseinrichtung für eine Luftsteuerklappe |
DE10331937B4 (de) * | 2003-07-15 | 2012-03-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Brennkraftmaschine, sowie Motorraum-Luftführungssystem hierfür |
DE10346432A1 (de) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-05-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Kühleinrichtung für eine Abgasanlage |
DE102004034313B4 (de) * | 2004-07-15 | 2013-09-26 | Volkswagen Ag | Kühlmittelleitungsanordnung |
DE102009021095B4 (de) * | 2009-05-13 | 2013-07-04 | Audi Ag | Kraftwagen mit einem Heckmotor |
DE102011009620A1 (de) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung mit einem Injektor zur Zufuhr eines Fluids |
JP6319009B2 (ja) | 2014-09-19 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社デンソー | 冷却装置 |
CN105888815B (zh) * | 2016-05-26 | 2018-11-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 发动机排气处理系统及发动机中冷器风扇控制方法 |
DE102017123466A1 (de) | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-11 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine, Brennkraftmaschine und Kraftfahrzeug |
JP7424736B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-06 | 2024-01-30 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 機体および作業機械 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3820327A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1974-06-28 | Peugeot & Renault | Temperature regulator for a catalytic reactor |
GB1361910A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1974-07-30 | Ford Motor Co | Internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter for ex haust gases |
DE2305377A1 (de) * | 1973-02-03 | 1974-08-08 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Abgassammelleitung |
DE4205328A1 (de) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgasanlage fuer eine brennkraftmaschine mit einem abgaskonverter |
DE4127634A1 (de) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-02-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Abgasanlage mit einem umhuellten vorrohr |
DE4410022A1 (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
JPH07279653A (ja) * | 1994-04-06 | 1995-10-27 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JPH08189334A (ja) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 自動車の排気冷却装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT953824B (it) * | 1971-05-07 | 1973-08-10 | Renault | Regolatore di temperatura per reattore catalitico |
US5979159A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 1999-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Exhaust after-treatment system for automotive vehicle |
-
1999
- 1999-10-07 DE DE19948148A patent/DE19948148B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-09-22 CN CNB008139555A patent/CN1183316C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-22 WO PCT/EP2000/009279 patent/WO2001025603A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-22 EP EP00964224A patent/EP1222372A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1361910A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1974-07-30 | Ford Motor Co | Internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter for ex haust gases |
US3820327A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1974-06-28 | Peugeot & Renault | Temperature regulator for a catalytic reactor |
DE2305377A1 (de) * | 1973-02-03 | 1974-08-08 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Abgassammelleitung |
DE4205328A1 (de) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgasanlage fuer eine brennkraftmaschine mit einem abgaskonverter |
DE4127634A1 (de) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-02-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Abgasanlage mit einem umhuellten vorrohr |
DE4410022A1 (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
JPH07279653A (ja) * | 1994-04-06 | 1995-10-27 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JPH08189334A (ja) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 自動車の排気冷却装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 02 29 February 1996 (1996-02-29) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 11 29 November 1996 (1996-11-29) * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1275829A1 (de) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Einrichtung zum Einstellen der Temperatur von Abgasen |
CN105370347A (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-02 | 庞介顺 | 排气多级增氧热平衡净化装置 |
CN105370347B (zh) * | 2014-08-27 | 2021-04-27 | 庞介顺 | 排气多级增氧热平衡净化装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19948148A1 (de) | 2001-06-07 |
DE19948148B4 (de) | 2009-09-17 |
CN1378617A (zh) | 2002-11-06 |
CN1183316C (zh) | 2005-01-05 |
EP1222372A1 (de) | 2002-07-17 |
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