WO2001024303A1 - Lithium battery structure incorporating lithium pouch cells - Google Patents
Lithium battery structure incorporating lithium pouch cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001024303A1 WO2001024303A1 PCT/CA2000/001065 CA0001065W WO0124303A1 WO 2001024303 A1 WO2001024303 A1 WO 2001024303A1 CA 0001065 W CA0001065 W CA 0001065W WO 0124303 A1 WO0124303 A1 WO 0124303A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium battery
- cover
- positive
- electrolyte
- leads
- Prior art date
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002650 laminated plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N (z)-3-[3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-n'-pyrazin-2-ylprop-2-enehydrazide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C2=NN(\C=C/C(=O)NNC=3N=CC=NC=3)C=N2)=C1 DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- TITLE LITHIUM BATTERY STRUCTURE INCORPORATING
- This invention relates to single cell as well as multi-cell lithium batteries and more particularly to the encasing of a plurality of foil packaged cell or cells in such batteries.
- Lithium batteries which in this application refers to both lithium ion batteries and batteries having a lithium electrode, must be sealed in a substantially moisture and oxygen impervious manner to avoid undesirable reactions with an electrolyte.
- a “battery” will include one or a plurality of interconnected lithium “cells” with each cell usually being separately sealed. For applications such as cellular phones, a single cell is the usual power source.
- Lithium batteries usually operate with non-aqueous electrolytes.
- the electrolyte can be a solid polymer bearing a dissociable lithium salt, but frequently the electrolyte is a liquid in which a lithium salt has been dissolved.
- the liquid commonly impregnates a porous polymer separator laminate which can be multi- layered, or in some instances the porous separator is itself a lithium salt containing polymer laminate.
- the liquid in which the lithium salt is dissolved can be ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate or other alkyl radical bearing carbonates, or a similar organic compound, which has boiling point above 50°C and relatively low vapour pressure at room temperature.
- the electrolyte layer is located between the electrodes.
- Laminar lithium batteries are constructed of at least three layers, and the layered construction together with current carriers, is wrapped in a pliable polymer laminate container which thus forms a pouch.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cut away perspective view of a sealed pouch cell.
- the cell generally indicated by reference 10 has a positive electrode 12, a negative electrode 14, an electrolyte 16 and positive and negative “leads” or “current collectors” 18 and 20 respectively enclosed in a foil pouch 22.
- the leads 18 and 20 provide electrical communication between the positive and negative electrodes, 12 and 14 respectively, and an outside of the pouch 22.
- the foil pouch 22 has an inner face 24 coated with a polymer laminate to both protect the foil from the electrolyte 16 and to prevent short circuiting between the positive electrode 12 and negative electrode 14 and the leads 18 and 20.
- the foil pouch 22 is also coated on its outer face with a polymer laminate.
- the foil pouch 22 is heat sealed along three edges 26.
- a fourth edge 28 is typically formed by folding the foil from which the pouch is constructed and therefore does not require heat sealing.
- a separate insulating sleeve 30 is generally placed over each of the leads 18 and 20 in the vicinity of the edges 26 prior to heat sealing.
- the insulated sleeves 30 should form a seal and not act as an avenue for moisture ingress or electrolyte egress. Such a seal is referred to herein as "hermetically sealed”. For obvious reasons lithium batteries are sensitive to moisture and atmospheric corrosion, therefore the polymer pouches are sealed, usually by applying pressure and heat around the edges of the polymer laminate.
- Heat sealing a polymer laminate to another polymer laminate usually provides a very satisfactory bond, however the metallic leads or current collectors exiting in between the polymer layers may provide incomplete sealing, possibly resulting in seepage of the electrolyte liquid in spite of all efforts of to achieve a fast seal.
- sealed pouch cells have numerous advantages associated with their construction and relatively thin profile, they are more easily damaged than cells encased in a more rigid enclosure. This poses significant problems as lithium batteries, particularly in rechargeable format, generally are used in expensive electronic equipment where damage through leakage is potentially very costly and totally unacceptable.
- the leads 18 and 20 generally take the form of metal tabs, usually of aluminium, copper or nickel, which must be of sufficient thickness and size to carry a substantial amount of current without any appreciable voltage drop.
- metal tabs remove heat rapidly during the heat sealing and hence, provide uncertain sealing temperature control.
- the metal tabs because of their thickness cause non-homogenous pressure which also leads to sealing uncertainty.
- the lithium cells cannot tolerate ingress of moisture or oxygen or egress of electrolyte from the cell. Such leakage would lead to disaster for the cells and may also damage the equipment utilizing the battery or cell.
- a lithium banery having at least one electrolyte containing sealed pouch cells encased in a first cover which is substantially impermeable to moisture ingress and electrolyte egress. At least a positive and a negative lead extend from the pouch cells through a sealed aperture in the first cover.
- a substantially rigid outer cover surrounds the first cover in a substantially moisture impervious manner. The outer cover is substantially non-reactive with the electrolyte and provides at least some mechanical protection and a moisture seal. Positive and negative terminals on and outside of the outer cover are respectively connected to the positive and negative leads by respective conductors which extend through the outer cover in a substantially fluid sealed manner.
- the lithium battery may include a charge monitoring and controlling circuit board connected to the positive and negative leads and also any interconnecting leads which interconnect a plurality of pouch cells in a desired arrangement.
- the charge monitoring and controlling circuit board may be located inside or outside the outer cover.
- the charge monitoring and controlling circuit may be located between the pouch and the first cover.
- the outer cover may be of a plastics material.
- the plastics material may be selected to allow a liquid portion of the electrolyte to diffuse therethrough at a rate not exceeding that at which the liquid portion can evaporate to avoid the appearance of liquid on and outside of the outer cover.
- Figure 1 is a partially cut-away perspective view of a prior art pouch cell
- Figure 2 is an exploded view of a lithium battery according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a cross-section through a lithium battery according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
- a lithium battery according to the present invention is generally indicated by reference 40 in Figures 2 and 3.
- the lithium battery 40 has a plurality of sealed pouch cells 10 (of the type described in the background above), interconnected in a desired arrangement by interconnecting leads 42.
- Three pouch cells 10 are illustrated but any desired or required number could be used.
- some lithium batteries may only require one pouch cell 10 and reference to pouch cells herein should be interpreted to include the singular where the overall structure admits to such an interpretation.
- the interconnections may be series, parallel or a combination thereof depending on voltage and storage capacity requirements.
- the pouch cells 10 are encased in a first cover 44 which may be a further plastic laminated foil pouch similar to the foil pouch 22 encasing each pouch cell 10, although no doubt a more rigid structure could be used if desired.
- the first cover 44 must be substantially impermeable to moisture ingress and electrolyte egress.
- the first cover 44 may be of a heat-sealable plastic and may be of more than one layer. The first cover 44 acts as a backup should any of the pouches 22 begin to leak.
- egress of electrolyte should be kept below 2mg/day weight loss of each packaged and sealed first cover 44, when the first cover 44 houses two pouch cells 10. " When the first cover 44 contains more than two pouch cells 10, the weight loss may be proportionately larger. Preferably the ingress of moisture should be less than 0.2 mg water per day retained in each pouch cell 10. On an experimental basis, ingress of moisture can be determined by opening up each pouch cell 10 and determining the water absorbed in each pouch by Carl-Fischer titration. At least a positive lead 46 and a negative lead 48 extend from the series of pouch cells 10 through the first cover 44 in a hermetically sealed manner.
- monitoring leads 50 in Figure 2 will also extend from the interconnecting leads 42 through the first cover 44 where the battery 40 contains more than one pouch cell 10.
- the monitoring leads 50 are connected to a charge monitoring and controlling circuit board 52, two alternate locations for which are shown in Figure 3 and discussed below.
- the positive lead 46 and negative lead 48 would typically be extensions of the positive lead 18 and negative lead 20 respectively of the sealed pouch cell 10. Accordingly, in such an arrangement, the positive and negative leads 18 and 20 respectively may be considered as "double sealed".
- the first cover 44 acts as a reservoir to contain any electrolyte leakage between the pouch 22 of the pouch cell 10 and the positive and negative leads 18 and 20 respectively.
- the first cover 44 may additionally be surrounded by a substantially rigid outer cover generally indicated by reference 54 in Figure 3.
- the outer cover 54 has side walls 56, a first end wall 58 and a second end wall 60.
- the first end wall 58 is sealingly joined to the side walls 56 at a first juncture 62.
- the second end wall 60 is sealingly joined to the side walls 56 at a second juncture 64.
- the outer cover 54 is primarily for mechanical protection of the lithium battery, but in a preferred embodiment acts as an additional barrier to prevent electrolyte egress and moisture ingress.
- the outer cover 54 may be a rigid plastic, a semi-rigid plastic, cast epoxy, a rubber compound or a metal box. If a metal box is selected it may have a plastic laminate lining throughout or plastic insulating sleeves such as the insulated sleeves 30 may be used around the positive and negative leads, 46 and 48 respectively, where they exit the outer cover 54.
- the positive lead 46 and negative lead 48 extend through the second juncture 64 preferably in a sealed manner.
- the positive and negative leads, 46 and 48 respectively, would usually be connected to a charge monitoring and controlling circuit board 52 as would any monitoring leads (50 in Figure 2, not illustrated in Figure 3).
- the positive lead 46 and negative lead 48 must of course be electrically isolated to avoid short circuiting therebetween.
- the circuit board 52 may be located within the outer cover 54 as shown in dashed outline in Figure 3. Alternatively, as shown in solid outline in Figure 3, the circuit board 52 may be located outside of the outer cover 54 in which case any charge monitoring leads would also have to pass through the second juncture in a sealed manner. In another embodiment (not shown), the circuit board 52 may be separate from the lithium battery 40. In such a case, it would be necessary to provide external connection to the monitoring leads 50.
- first juncture 62 and the second juncture 64 will depend upon the material of the outer cover 54. If the outer cover 54 is of solderable metal (for example tin or copper), the first juncture 62 may be a solder joint and the second juncture 62 may substantially be a solder joint, except for where any leads such as the positive lead 46 and negative lead 48 and any monitoring leads 50 extend through the second juncture 62. Alternate sealing means such as an epoxy or other sealant would typically be used around any leads.
- first cover 44 As the individual pouch cells 10 and first cover 44 are sealed against moisture ingress and electrolyte egress, it is not absolutely necessary for the outer cover 54, if one is used, to also seal against oxygen ingress.
- the outer cover 54 acts as mechanical protection for the first cover 44 and to prevent egress of any electrolyte which should escape the pouch cells 10 and first cover 44. More than one first cover 44 containing pouch cells 10 may be housed in a single outer cover 54.
- the outer cover 54 may be of a material that allows a liquid portion of the electrolyte to diffuse therethrough at a controlled rate not exceeding the rate at which the liquid can evaporate so as not to have any liquid appear on an outside of the outer cover 54.
- Suitable plastics for allowing controlled diffusion include polypropylene, polyethylene and ethyl acrylic polymers. If controlled diffusion is not required, other plastics may be selected.
- each first cover 44 may be wrapped or sealed in plastic.
- the ends of the outer cover 54 may be encased in a rubber compound 70 and in fact the whole outer cover can be encased in a molded overlay of rubber or plastics material. If the outer cover 54 is of metal, the rubber compound 70 may be selected to permit controlled diffusion of the liquid portion of the electrolyte in the manner discussed above. The rubber compound 70 acts as a further seal and also provides a cushion over the first juncture 62 and second juncture 64 to prevent mechanical damage.
- the circuit board 52 may be molded into the rubberized coating 70.
- Positive and negative terminals 72 and 74 respectively are provided outside of the rubber compound 70 to enable electrical connection to be made to the lithium battery 40.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001527391A JP4079639B2 (ja) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-22 | リチウム・パウチ・セルを内蔵するリチウム電池構造 |
EP00960263A EP1222708B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-22 | Lithium battery structure incorporating lithium pouch cells |
DE60004254T DE60004254T2 (de) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-22 | Lithium batteriestruktur mit lithium beutelzellen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/404,603 US6296967B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 1999-09-24 | Lithium battery structure incorporating lithium pouch cells |
US09/404,603 | 1999-09-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001024303A1 true WO2001024303A1 (en) | 2001-04-05 |
Family
ID=23600283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2000/001065 WO2001024303A1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-22 | Lithium battery structure incorporating lithium pouch cells |
Country Status (9)
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1300896A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-09 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Lithium secondary battery and assembled structure of lithium secondary batteries |
CN1298063C (zh) * | 2002-06-03 | 2007-01-31 | 日本电气株式会社 | 具有层叠膜的扁平二次电池模块 |
US8906523B2 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2014-12-09 | Infinite Power Solutions, Inc. | Energy device with integral collector surface for electromagnetic energy harvesting and method thereof |
CN105118943A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | 一种叠片式锂电池及其外壳封装方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1376320A (zh) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1222708A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
KR100523971B1 (ko) | 2005-10-26 |
EP1222708B1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
TW515121B (en) | 2002-12-21 |
CA2290878A1 (en) | 2001-03-24 |
US6296967B1 (en) | 2001-10-02 |
CN1193447C (zh) | 2005-03-16 |
DE60004254D1 (de) | 2003-09-04 |
JP4079639B2 (ja) | 2008-04-23 |
DE60004254T2 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
KR20020077333A (ko) | 2002-10-11 |
JP2003510790A (ja) | 2003-03-18 |
CA2290878C (en) | 2003-09-23 |
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