WO2000070078A2 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung der konzentration von organismen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung der konzentration von organismen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000070078A2 WO2000070078A2 PCT/EP2000/004289 EP0004289W WO0070078A2 WO 2000070078 A2 WO2000070078 A2 WO 2000070078A2 EP 0004289 W EP0004289 W EP 0004289W WO 0070078 A2 WO0070078 A2 WO 0070078A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- line section
- line
- fluid
- data acquisition
- concentration
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
- C12M41/36—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of biomass, e.g. colony counters or by turbidity measurements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2304/00—Chemical means of detecting microorganisms
- C12Q2304/40—Detection of gases
- C12Q2304/44—Oxygen
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for determining the concentration of organisms, in particular microorganisms, in a fluid.
- the bacterial contamination of fluids is usually determined by inoculating nutrient media with the samples taken and counting the colonies. This procedure is time and cost intensive. In addition, online measurements of the bacterial load, i.e. continuous measurements, are not possible.
- Online measurement methods usually only track the biological activity of microorganisms. This is done, for example, by measuring the oxygen or carbon dioxide content, the pH value or the concentration of fluorescence-active metabolites. However, these methods do not establish a direct correlation, for example based on oxygen consumption, between metabolic activity and the number of microorganisms present.
- US Pat. No. 5,224,051 describes a device which, among other things, measures the content of dissolved oxygen in cooling lubricants in order to obtain information on microorganisms. However, the device does not measure the oxygen consumption in a closed volume and consequently does not establish a correlation between temperature-dependent oxygen consumption and the number of bacteria in the solution.
- DE 44 15 444 uses the continuous determination of the oxygen transfer rate to determine the physiological conditions in microbiological cultures.
- the oxygen transfer rate is measured from the drop in the oxygen partial pressure in the gas space with a sterilizable oxygen electrode.
- the direct calculation of the bacterial counts from the oxygen consumption and the temperature is not disclosed.
- None of the described methods enables the continuous, quick and easy to carry out exact determination of the concentration of organ nisms, especially microorganisms, in a fluid.
- the technical problem on which the present invention is based is therefore to provide a method and a device for carrying out the same, by means of which a continuous determination of the organism concentration in a fluid can be carried out in a quick, simple and cost-effective manner, while at the same time achieving high precision.
- the present invention solves the technical problem on which it is based by providing a method for the continuous determination of the concentration of organisms, in particular microorganisms, in a fluid located in a line section, the time-dependent change in at least one metabolite parameter in the fluid filled by the fluid using at least one data acquisition device Line, in particular in the part of the line, the line section, which has the data acquisition device or its sensor, and is preferably fed and evaluated to a data processing system.
- the line or the line section is preferably assigned to a container which contains the fluid to be determined.
- the line or the line section assigned to the container represents a closed system for the fluid located and measured therein, that is to say a system which does not permit direct exchange of metabolites measured in the measuring range with the -Undefined- bypass system, the line or the line section is supplied permanently or periodically with fluid to be measured from the container assigned to it.
- the fluid from the container is therefore generally not removed from the container, for example by means of a ladle, and fed to a closed measuring system.
- the line is preferably in flow connection with the container, that is to say at least one of the openings of the line opens into the container, and can absorb fluid from there.
- the fluid in the line is in a closed or quasi-closed system due to the dwell time in the line section.
- the line section thus provides a closed system which enables an unadulterated metabolite change measurement due to the dwell time generated in the line section.
- a closed system is made available inside a container or outside a container, the metabolite change in the fluid being able to be measured directly.
- the invention thus relates to a method for the continuous determination of the concentration of organisms in a fluid located in a line section, the line section being assigned to a container containing the fluid to be measured and wherein in the closed system caused by the residence time of the fluid in the line section, the time-dependent Change of at least one metabolite parameter is measured by means of at least one data acquisition device.
- the invention accordingly provides that an organism-contaminated fluid that is in a container and one him preferably assigned line is examined in the line for a time-dependent, preferably also temperature-dependent, change in at least one metabolite parameter.
- the time-dependent and possibly temperature-dependent change of a suitable metabolite parameter previously determined for one or more organism types is determined by means of a data acquisition device and the current organism concentration is determined arithmetically from the measured values on the basis of a predetermined correlation between the change in the at least one metabolite parameter and the organism concentration.
- the invention therefore preferably provides that, after measuring the change in at least one metabolite parameter, the measured values are evaluated, preferably in a data processing system, with a predefined arithmetic relationship, also referred to below as correlation, between the change in the at least one detected metabolite parameter and the organism concentration enables the determination of the current organism concentration.
- the correlations determined for specific organisms can be used to determine the concentration of the organisms as CFU / ml from the time-dependent and possibly also temperature-dependent metabolite parameters.
- the invention advantageously allows the quasi-or semi-continuous and the continuous, that is to say online, detection of organism concentrations, in particular microorganism concentrations, or germs in fluids.
- the continuous detection of germs permitted according to the invention enables the particularly rapid and precise determination of the organism concentration.
- the result is usually only available after one or two days.
- the measurement and evaluation result of the online procedure according to the invention - preferably given as colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU / ml) - is already available, for example, after 5 to 240 minutes, preferably after 10 to 60 minutes.
- the invention also has the advantage that no additional nutrient medium has to be provided for the microorganisms. Concentration of the organisms is also not necessary.
- the invention has the further advantage that it involves only a small outlay on equipment, and in particular can also be carried out in microsystem technology, that is to say that the line section which is also required as a reaction section and is also referred to as a flow tube can be present, for example, as an etched meander on a glass substrate .
- the sensors, valves and pump can also be implemented using microsystem technology, the flow tube preferably having a diameter of a few micrometers and a length of several centimeters.
- the concentration of organisms in particular microorganisms, can thus be recorded continuously or quasi-continuously as CFU / ml, for example in the case of aerobic germs in a stream.
- the consumption of, for example, oxygen (0 2 ) is measured as a metabolite parameter as a function of time and preferably also of temperature.
- the measured values are then converted into the currently present microbial concentration on the basis of a previously determined correlation between 0 2 consumption and microbial concentration.
- organisms means any kind of living being with metabolic activity, in particular microorganisms such as protozoa, bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae or lichen. Such organisms can be single or multi-celled, they can also occur individually and / or colonies.
- the invention relates to the determination of the concentration of microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas spec. , E.coli, Lactobacillus spec. Bacillus spec. Leuconostoc spec. Clostridium spec. Saccharomyces spec. Sarcina spec. Candia spec. Streptococcus Staphylococcus Bacillus subtilis and desulfotomaculum.
- a fluid is understood to mean any kind of liquid, gas with and without aerosol, for example air, suspension, emulsion, dispersion or mixtures thereof.
- a liquid is understood to mean any type of liquid which can contain potentially metabolically active organisms, for example waste water, culture liquids, media, liquids which are used in food technology, natural medicine production, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture, in breweries, in fermentations and used in medical technology, liquids that play a role in milk processing, in the testing of body fluids for germs or in the microbiological monitoring of humidification systems in air conditioning systems or in the control of inflow and outflow water from sewage treatment plants, or liquids that play a role in production radioactively labeled substances are used in the production of energy and raw materials, in the quantitative determination of vitamins, amino acids and other compounds or in the production of intracellular substances (for example enzymes).
- a liquid is also understood to mean a liquid, in particular water, which is present, for example, as a result of the introduction of germ-contaminated gases, for example air, for example from air conditioning systems, and is to be subjected to an analysis of microorganisms.
- germ-contaminated gases for example air, for example from air conditioning systems
- a container having a line is understood to mean any open or closed container which can serve to hold fluids according to the invention and which also has a line indicates that this is in a flow connection with the container.
- the term flow connection is understood to mean that fluid flows from the container directly into the line assigned to the container, that fluid flows directly from the line into the container and / or that fluid flows from the container directly into the line and can flow directly from the line into the container.
- the line is directly connected to the container with both its inlet and outlet opening and is located, for example, outside or inside the container.
- the line it is also possible for the line to be connected to the container with only one of its openings and to lead in or out of the container. In such a case, the line would be designed as a feed or discharge. It is also possible that the line is not directly physically connected to the container, but is present, for example, in the interior of the container without contact with the container walls or independently of a container.
- a line section is understood to mean the component of the device according to the invention in which the time-dependent change in the metabolite parameter of the fluid present in the line section is measured by means of the at least one data acquisition device, and which, preferably in the form of a tube, has an inlet and an outlet Has exit opening.
- the line section can preferably be coupled into existing line systems or lines of a container by means of coupling devices, for example valves.
- the line section can also be an integral part of a line having at least one sensor.
- the line section is introduced into the fluid in the container and thus, as it were in the terminology of the present invention, represents the line of the container.
- the line section is not assigned to a container, but rather that a fluid is supplied to the line section of the device according to the invention in any manner so that the fluid can flow into the line section.
- a continuous measurement or determination is understood to mean a determination in which the fluid flows permanently, that is to say without interruption, through the line and the line section which has at least one data acquisition device and the metabolite parameters are determined in the process.
- the metabolite parameters can be determined and / or evaluated in each case permanently or at periodic intervals.
- a quasi-continuous or semi-continuous measurement or determination is understood in connection with the present invention to be a determination in which the fluid in the line and the line section having at least one data acquisition device temporarily comes to a standstill and / or a flow reversal is effected.
- the metabolite parameters can be determined and / or evaluated permanently or at periodic intervals.
- a metabolite is understood to mean a substance which is modified by the biological activity of an organism 1 , in particular by a microorganism; in particular a substance that consumes, that is, a metabolism, or is produced, that is, a metabolite.
- the metabolic adduct and metabolic product are, for example, oxygen, methane, hydrogen, sulfide, nitrogen or a fermentation product such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, propanol, lactate, acetate, formate, butyrate, carbon dioxide, carbonate, ammonia, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, hydrocarbons , aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, in particular copper, iron, molybdenum and uranium, carbohydrates, in particular starch, cellulose, pullulan, laminarin, melibiosis, pectins, chitin and xylans, and / or hydrogen sulfide.
- a fermentation product such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, propanol, lactate, acetate, formate, butyrate, carbon dioxide, carbonate, ammonia, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, hydrocarbons , aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, in particular copper
- a metabolite parameter is understood to mean a quantitative statement with regard to the specific metabolite, for example the concentration of the metabolite, the pH of the liquid or its electrical conductivity.
- the redox potential can also be used as a metabolite parameter. Such statements allow direct, for example concentration determination, or indirect, for example redox potential, a conclusion on the time-dependent determination of the metabolite parameter Consumption or the production of the respective metabolite or metabolites.
- the metabolite concentration can optionally also be determined by optical measurement methods, for example UV or IR absorption, by means of thin or thick-film sensors, sensors based on semiconductors, ion-selective electrodes or chromatographic measurement methods or ultrasound measurement methods.
- optical measurement methods for example UV or IR absorption
- the invention provides that the fluid is unbuffered, so that the pH and / or the conductivity can be used as metabolite parameters.
- the invention also provides for the use of a buffered fluid, in which case the concentration of the metabolite or metabolites can be used as the metabolite parameter.
- the medium to be examined is removed unchanged from the process to be examined via a discharge.
- a time delay before arrival at the measuring sensor or at the measuring probe can be generated after the discharge.
- the time delay can be varied, in particular by the length and / or diameter of a pipeline, a capillary or the like and the flow rate of the fluid.
- the line section can be briefly connected, for example, via valves. closed and the fluid is circulated with the help of a pump.
- the dwell time i.e. the time delay, is then set, for example, via the number of cycles or the duration of the short circuit.
- a change in a parameter to be measured which can correlate with the metabolism of the microorganisms, can preferably occur on the way to the measuring probe.
- the organism concentration in particular microorganism concentration
- a gas or gas mixture for example air. This can be done according to the invention in the gas itself, optionally after concentration on membranes or filters, or by passing the gas or gas mixture through a liquid before carrying out the process described here, so that the organisms in the gas or gas mixture are washed out of it and be enriched in the liquid. The liquid is then fed to the present process.
- the invention provides that the fluid is guided continuously through the line assigned to the container, in particular line section, during the measurement. This procedure requires the use of two sensors of a data acquisition device in the line section.
- the fluid is circulated in the line in order to ensure that the at least one metabolite is distributed as evenly as possible.
- This procedure requires the periodic decoupling of the line section from the container, for example by means of one or more valves.
- the possibility of using only one sensor of a data acquisition device has proven to be advantageous.
- the invention therefore provides that the measurement of the at least one metabolite parameter is carried out by means of two data acquisition devices connected in series or two sensors of a data acquisition device, the fluid being able to flow continuously through the line having the data acquisition device.
- the measurement is carried out by means of a data acquisition device or a sensor, in which case either a preferably valve-controlled changeover of the flow direction of the liquid in the line or a dwell time of the fluid in the line is provided. It is then a question of quasi-continuous determinations, the line or the line section, preferably periodically, being decoupled from the container.
- the fluid is thermostatted, preferably in a range adapted to the respective organism type, for example in a temperature range between 10 ° C and 40 ° C; especially 30 ° C to 35 ° C for Pseudomonas spec.
- a temperature range between 10 ° C and 40 ° C; especially 30 ° C to 35 ° C for Pseudomonas spec.
- gassing of the fluid to be examined with gas mixtures or gases can take place if the content of dissolved gases, in particular oxygen, is too low and aerobic germs are to be detected.
- gases can also be supplied which allow detection of anaerobic organisms, for example in the medical / clinical field, in sewage treatment plants and in the formation of methane and acetate by carbonate reduction by means of methanogenic and acetogenic bacteria.
- a cleaning or sterilization procedure of the line section between individual measuring processes can be provided in all of the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the invention also relates to a device for determining the concentration of organisms, in particular microorganisms, in a fluid, in particular for performing one of the aforementioned methods, the device comprising a line, in particular a line section, a data processing system with a program for determining the organism concentration and at least one Data acquisition device arranged at least partially in or on the line.
- Self-evident Lich only part of the data acquisition device, for example its sensor or sensor, can be arranged on or in the line section and transmit the acquired data to the data acquisition device integrated in the data processing system, for example.
- the device according to the invention has a device for determining the temperature in the line section, so that the method according to the invention can be carried out while controlling the temperature and depending on the temperature.
- the device according to the invention has a line section with in each case an inlet and an outlet opening, these two openings or one of these two openings being able to have coupling or coupling devices which enable coupling into a line of a container or into the container itself.
- the line, or the line section, of the device is immersed directly in the fluid of a container, or the fluid is introduced into the line section, without providing a coupling directly to the container or to one of its lines.
- the program for determining the organism concentration has a correlation in the form of an algorithm stored in a software program, which has been adapted to the respective analysis task, that is, calculates the organism concentration or bacterial count from the measured time-dependent change in one or more metabolite parameters.
- the correlation can also record a temperature dependency.
- the program for determining the organism concentration therefore requires the provision of a database for its creation, from which a correlation between the number of organisms and the metabolite parameters as a function of time and possibly temperature can be obtained.
- the organism concentration, in particular the bacterial count is determined in a conventional manner when these data sets are created, for example by plating out and counting on nutrient media.
- calibration curves and thus correlations can be obtained which can be used in the data processing system according to the invention.
- the data acquisition device used according to the invention is a 0 2 data acquisition device, a pH data acquisition device, a conductivity data acquisition device or a redox data acquisition device.
- the data acquisition device of the present invention in each case comprises at least one sensor or measuring sensor which is immersed in the fluid to be determined or is in contact with it.
- the determination of the metabolite concentration can optionally also be carried out using devices for carrying out optical measurement methods, for example UV or IR absorption, or chromatographic measurement methods using thin or thick-film sensors.
- optical measurement methods for example UV or IR absorption, or chromatographic measurement methods using thin or thick-film sensors.
- Semiconductor-based sensors or ion-selective electrodes or ultrasonic measuring methods are used.
- the data from the line section determined by means of the data acquisition device or its sensor can be transmitted to the data processing system, for example, via a data transfer cable.
- the invention also provides remote data transmission from the data acquisition device to the data processing system, for example by means of corresponding glass fiber-based systems, modems, bus systems, infrared devices or radio.
- the device also has at least one valve, for example a 4-way, 6-way valve or another multi-way valve, preferably controlled via the data processing system.
- the valve can be used to couple the line section of the device according to the invention to a line of a container. It also serves to decouple the fluid in the line section from the line and the container and to circulate and reverse the flow, if desired and necessary.
- the device can also have at least one pump and a device for thermostatting. The pump can be switched off periodically in order to increase the residence time of the fluid in the line section and thus the measuring accuracy.
- the 4-way or 6-way valves can be omitted if a separate data is generated for the inlet and the outlet of the line section or flow pipe. Detection device or a data acquisition device with two sensors is used.
- the device for thermostatting serves to optimize the metabolic conditions of the organisms and can serve both for thermostatting the data acquisition device, the line or line section, the pump and / or the valves.
- the device and the method of the invention can also be carried out at ambient temperatures without thermostatting.
- the line or line section can be designed as a hose or as a hollow fiber bundle, preferably with 10 to 10,000 fibers per bundle.
- the line section which can also be designed as a flow tube, is designed as a hose, an inner diameter of 0.5 to 100 mm, preferably 1 to 10 mm, with a length of 0.05 to 50 m, preferably 5 to 20 m , be provided.
- the line section is designed as a hollow fiber bundle, an inner diameter of the hollow fibers of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m with a length of 1 to 200 cm, preferably 1 to 40 cm, can be provided.
- the use of hollow fibers has the advantage that the flow conditions can be optimized.
- the line section should preferably be designed for a fluid residence time precisely defined for each measurement task and corresponding geometry, flow conditions and adsorption properties.
- the device according to the invention can, for example, be constructed in such a way that the data processing system, for example based on a microprocessor, is arranged in a housing with a program for determining the organism concentration, optionally with a display device, and with a data transfer cable with a line section having at least one data acquisition device optionally has one or more valves, is connected.
- the line section of this device is coupled into a system with a fluid to be analyzed, so that a defined line section, ie a line section with a defined geometry and defined flow properties, is available for the measurement value acquisition.
- the device can also comprise a data processing system, a data transfer cable and a line section having a pump with two sensors of one or two data acquisition devices, wherein the line section is simply immersed in the fluid of a container and the measurement is carried out with the generation of a pump-driven flow in the line section.
- the device according to the invention can also be implemented in microsystem technology and / or as a mobile diagnostic device.
- a mobile, in particular portable, device comprises a data processing system of the aforementioned type, min. at least a data acquisition device with at least one sensor, which is arranged on or in a likewise provided line section. If necessary, one or more valves can be provided on the line section.
- an upstream scrubber that is to say a container having a liquid or a membrane or filter
- determine bacterial counts in gas streams in which the gas is passed into the liquid or through the filter or the membrane The measurement can take place directly on the germs so concentrated on the filter or membrane or after detachment in a liquid.
- the sensitivity of the detection can be controlled via the concentration during washing and the measuring temperature.
- the detergent for example water
- the membrane or the filter can be adapted to the type of germ to be determined, that is to say the type of organism, in order to maximize the sensitivity of measurement.
- a delay line can be provided.
- the material of the line section that serves as a delay line can preferably consist of non-corrosive metals and metal alloys, inert plastics, ceramics and glasses.
- only inert sealing materials can be used, preferably welded connections.
- sensors other than those provided for measuring the metabolism of the microorganisms can also be operatively connected to the device.
- the other sensors have no effect on the measured value of the sensor used to measure the parameter correlating with the metabolism of the microorganisms; physical measurement methods such as density, refractive index, surface tension, turbidity, ultrasound, conductivity, pH value are particularly preferred. Temperature and others.
- the arrangement of the measuring devices can be selected so that repercussions can be excluded.
- the device can preferably be chemically and thermally sterilizable.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a device according to the invention with two data acquisition devices
- FIG. 2a representing the regeneration cycle
- FIG. 2b the measuring cycle
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, 3a and 3b, and of the method carried out therewith for the quasi-continuous determination of the microorganism concentration with a 4-way valve and flow reversal, FIG. 3a showing the measurement at the flow tube inlet and FIG. 3b the measurement at the flow tube outlet,
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show another embodiment of a device according to the invention and the method carried out therewith for the quasi-continuous determination of the microorganism concentration with a 6-way valve without flow reversal in the line section, FIG. 4a showing the measurement at the flow pipe inlet and FIG. 4b showing the measurement at the flow pipe exit.
- Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention and the method carried out with it for the continuous determination of the microorganism concentration with two data acquisition devices and
- FIG. 6 shows a typical course of the oxygen content in a liquid contaminated with microorganisms.
- FIG. 1 shows a device 100 according to the invention, which comprises a line section 46, two 0 2 data acquisition devices 3, 3 1 , each with a sensor or sensor 30, 30 ′ arranged in the line section 46, data transfer lines 40 and a data processing system 50.
- the two data acquisition devices 3, 3 ′ are each connected to the data processing system 50 by the data transfer lines 40.
- the two data acquisition devices 3, 3 'arranged on or in the line section 46 each have sensors 30, 30' which are arranged in the line section 46 and can come into contact with the liquid 80 there.
- One of the data acquisition devices 3 is assigned to the sampling area 20 of the line 4, while the other data acquisition device 3 'is assigned to the sample return line 22 of the line 4.
- the line 4 and the one assigned to the sampling area 20 are also shown Pump 5 of the device 100 according to the invention.
- the line section 46 is integrated into the line 4 in a flow connection by means of two liquid-tight couplings 70, 71.
- FIG. 1 shows a container 90 with a liquid 80.
- a thermostat unit 8 is also shown, which is used for constant temperature control of the line section 46, in which the sensors 30 are arranged. Of course, the thermostat can also detect additional areas of the line 4, including the pump 5.
- the data processing system 50 comprises a housing 52, a microprocessor 54 and a display device 56.
- the microprocessor 54 of the data processing system 50 processes a program for determining the microorganism concentration, the microorganism concentration being computationally determined from the metabolite parameters transmitted by the data acquisition devices 3, 3 'via the data transfer lines 40 and possibly dependent on the temperature.
- the program has a correlation that calculates the organism concentration from the time-dependent and possibly temperature-dependent change in a metabolite parameter.
- a database must first be created. This is shown below for the metabolite parameter oxygen concentration.
- the procedure is as follows.
- a liquid 80 contaminated with germs is saturated with air and in the device 100 according to the invention the dependence of the oxygen consumption on the germ count (CFU / ml) and the temperature is determined.
- the test time is 5 to 240 minutes, preferably 10 to 60 minutes. After each attempt, the solution can be gassed with air over a frit until saturated. Samples are taken from the test facility at the start and end of the test for microbiological microbial count determination, which serve as a reference.
- the oxygen consumption is measured in the temperature range adapted to the species, for example between 10 ° C and 40 ° C.
- FIG. 6 shows a typical course of the oxygen content in liquids contaminated with microorganisms as a function of time for Pseudomonas spec. again.
- the test system is emptied and various degrees of dilution are examined.
- the acid material consumption between 10 ° C and 40 ° C determined and the bacterial count determined by microbiological counting.
- the type of germ is identified using microbiological differentiation methods.
- a correlation is determined from the data sets obtained in this way, that is to say oxygen consumption per unit of time at a given temperature, correlated with the microbiologically determined number of bacteria. This correlation serves as an algorithm for the online determination of the bacterial count.
- the detection limit of the microorganism concentration is in the case of Pseudomonas spec. for 20 ° C with a bacterial count of> 10 4 CFU / ml and from 29 ° C with a bacterial count of> 10 2 CFU / ml. According to the invention, it is therefore particularly preferred to measure the oxygen consumption in the liquid at elevated temperature in order to lower the detection limit.
- the determination of the correlation can in some cases be designed to be self-learning, so that this is possible on site.
- temperature variations are carried out automatically over a certain period of time in the temperature range adapted to the species, in particular a temperature range between 10 ° C. and 40 ° C.
- samples are taken from the solution to be analyzed and the bacterial counts (CFU / ml) are microbiologically determined in the laboratory.
- the measured values obtained at the respective temperatures are then compared with the laboratory values using programmed evaluation routines.
- the functioning of the device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is as follows:
- the liquid 80 contained in the microorganisms 90 is pumped continuously and in one direction (arrows in FIG. 1) through the area 20 of the line 4 by means of the pump 5.
- the two data acquisition devices 3, 3 'connected in series in the line section 46 with their sensors 30 determine the oxygen consumption during a time specified by the thermostat 8 during the time required for the liquid by the sensor assigned to the sampling area 20 of the line 4 30 of the data acquisition device 3 to reach the sensor 30 'of the data acquisition device 3' assigned to the test return area 22 of the line 4.
- the input concentration is measured with the data acquisition device 3 and the output concentration of the dissolved oxygen with the data acquisition device 3 '.
- the data acquisition device 3 first measures the 0 2 concentration at a given point in time and after a certain period of time the data acquisition device 3 'measures the 0 2 concentration, which is now reduced due to the microorganism load.
- the time and temperature-dependent oxygen consumption determined by means of the data acquisition devices 3, 3 ' is transmitted as a measurement signal to the data processing system 50, in particular the data processing system, via the data transfer lines 40. program.
- the data processing program uses the correlation previously stored in it to determine the value KBE / ml and displays it in the display device 56.
- a quick, simple and precise online determination of the value CFU / ml is possible.
- FIGS. 2a and 2b show, in a simplified schematic representation, a further embodiment of the device according to the invention and of the method carried out with it.
- FIG. 2a shows a device 100 according to the invention comprising a data processing system 7, a data acquisition device 3 with the sensor 30, a line section 46 of the line 4, not shown, into which a pump 5 is integrated, and a valve 2, which is designed as a 4-way valve .
- the 4-way valve 2 also functions here as a coupling between the line section 46 of the device 100 and the sampling line 1 and the sample return line 6, that is, parts of the line 4 of the container.
- the 4-way valve 2 is switched so that fresh liquid 80 can flow into the line section 46 via the sampling line 1 (regeneration cycle).
- FIG. 1 shows a device 100 according to the invention comprising a data processing system 7, a data acquisition device 3 with the sensor 30, a line section 46 of the line 4, not shown, into which a pump 5 is integrated, and a valve 2, which is designed as a 4-way valve .
- the 4-way valve 2 also functions here as a coupling between the line section 46 of the device 100 and the sampling line 1 and the sample return line 6, that is, parts
- the 4-way valve 2 is switched in such a way that the line section 46 represents a closed system and there is no connection via the sampling line 1 and the sample return line 6 to the container 90 (not shown) (measuring cycle).
- the line section 46 can be designed as a hose, tube or hollow fiber bundle.
- the device according to FIG. 2 functions as follows: Fresh liquid 80 from the container 90 (not shown) is fed in the regeneration cycle via the sampling line 1 and the 4-way valve 2 into the line section 46.
- the 4-way valve 2 is then switched over, for example by signals from the data processing system 7, so that the line section 46 is not connected to the sampling and return lines 1, 6, accordingly the line section 46 is a closed system and the measuring cycle can take place .
- a first measurement of a metabolite parameter is carried out by means of the sensor 30, the determined value is fed to the data processing system 50 via the data transfer line 40 and the liquid 80 is circulated in the line section 46 by means of the pump 5 for a given period of time. The circulation is necessary in order to prevent polarization at the sensor 30 of the data acquisition device 3.
- the same metabolite parameter is determined again at a defined point in time by means of the sensor 30 and likewise fed to the data processing system 7 for evaluation by means of a correlation stored there.
- the liquid 80 used is fed to the container 90 via the sample return line 6 and fresh liquid is fed in via the sampling line 1.
- the line section 46 is supplied with fresh liquid 80 by switching the 4-way valve 2.
- the measuring time is determined via the switching intervals of the 4-way valve 2 controlled by the data processing system 7 or another unit. A time-dependent measurement is possible in this way.
- the pump 5, the line section 46, the 4-way valve 2 and the sensor 30 can be thermostatted by means of a thermostat 8 in order to generate optimal metabolic conditions for the microorganisms to be determined. The result is a quasi-continuous online measuring system.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention and the method carried out with it, the measurement, however, in contrast to the method shown in FIG. 2, not in a temporarily closed line, but instead in a permanent line with the sampling line 1 and the sample return line 6 connected line section 46 takes place.
- the device 100 according to the invention thus has a data processing system 7, a data transfer line 40, a data acquisition device 3 with sensor 30, a line section 46 and a 4-way valve 2. Shown is a pump 5 assigned to the sampling line 1 and a thermostatic device 8.
- the 4-way valve 2 also represents the coupling of the device 100 to the sampling and return lines 1, 6 of the container 90 (not shown).
- FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the measurement using a line section 46, a data acquisition device 3 using a 4-way valve 2 optionally measuring at the inlet 61 (see FIG. 3a) or at the outlet 63 (see FIG. 3b) of the line section 46.
- Both the sampling line 1 and the sample return line 6 are connected to the container 90, not shown.
- the line section 46 is continuously supplied with fresh liquid 80 by means of the pump 5.
- the 4-way valve 2 is controlled by the data processing system 7, there is a flow reversal in the line section 46. If, for example, the line section 46 is designed for a dwell time of 10 minutes, when the data acquisition device 3 is switched from the input 61 to the output 63 of the Line section 46 first pass sample material, i.e.
- liquid 80 with a 10-minute dwell time.
- the following sample material from line section 46 arrives with increasing dwell time, where at 10 minutes after the switchover, there was a dwell time of 20 minutes for the liquid 80 transported back.
- the subsequent liquid then arrives at the data acquisition device 3 with a 10-minute dwell time.
- the liquid flow, the geometry of the line section 46 and the sensor 30 are selected so that an optimal overflow of the sensor 30 is ensured.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b represent a further embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention and of the method carried out with it, a 6-way valve 2 being used instead of the 4-way valve 2 of FIGS. 3a and 3b.
- the data acquisition device 3 with its sensor 30 optionally determines the metabolite parameter at the line inlet 61 (see FIG. 4a) or line outlet 63 (see FIG. 4b).
- the line section 46 is permanently supplied with fresh liquid 80 by means of a pump 5.
- the sampling line 1 as well as the sample return line 6 are connected to the container 90. Liquid 80 reaches the 6-way valve 2 through the sampling line 1 and the pump 5 and then initially into the inlet 61 of the line section 46.
- FIG. 4a shows that a first measurement is carried out there.
- the 6-way valve 2 controlled by the data processing system 7 is switched over and measured a second time (see FIG. 4b).
- a flow reversal in the line section 46 be avoided.
- the liquid 80 arriving at the outlet 63 of the line section 46 has the same dwell time in each case.
- the liquid flow and the geometry of the line and the sensor 30 of the data acquisition device 3 are selected so that an optimal overflow of the sensor 30 is ensured.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the device 100 according to the invention and the method carried out with it, a continuous input and output measurement being possible on the basis of two data acquisition devices 3, 3 '.
- a data acquisition device 3 with its sensor is located at the input 61 of the line section 46, i.e. the area of the line section 46 facing the sampling line 1, while the other data acquisition device 3 'is arranged with its sensor in the output area 63 of the line section 46, i.e. that facing the sample return line 6 Area of the line section 46.
- the device 100 according to the invention thus has a line section 46, two data acquisition devices 3, 3 ′ and a data processing system 7, a valve not being provided.
- the described liquid flow through the line section 46 is continuously and simultaneously subjected to a determination of the metabolite parameters at the two data acquisition devices 3 and 3 ', so that the differences in the metabolite parameters generated by the residence time of the liquid in the line section are continuously fed to the data processing system 7.
- the liquid can then be returned to the container 90 via the sample return line 6.
- the dwell time can be varied by the flow tube geometry and the flow speed that can be set with the pump 5.
- the measured values ascertained are fed to the data processing system 7 via the data transfer line 40, where they are evaluated arithmetically by means of the stored program for determining the microorganism concentration and displayed in a display device as CFU / ml.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00936736A EP1179174A2 (de) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung der konzentration von organismen |
CA002372851A CA2372851A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | Device and method for monitoring and controlling biologically active fluids |
JP2000618483A JP2002543849A (ja) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | 生物学的活性流体の監視及び検査のための装置及び方法 |
US10/009,882 US6677132B1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | Device and method for monitoring and controlling biologically active fluids |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19921999A DE19921999C2 (de) | 1999-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung und Kontrolle von biologisch aktiven Fluiden |
DE19921999.0 | 1999-05-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000070078A2 true WO2000070078A2 (de) | 2000-11-23 |
WO2000070078A3 WO2000070078A3 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
Family
ID=7907903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/004289 WO2000070078A2 (de) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung der konzentration von organismen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6677132B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1179174A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002543849A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2372851A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19921999C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000070078A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1508621A1 (de) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-23 | Sysmex Corporation | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Bakterien |
CN109486969A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-19 | 贵州茅台酒股份有限公司 | 一种定向筛选产生正丙醇菌株的方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20070163A1 (it) | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-13 | Ali Spa | Macchina e metodo per la produzione e l'erogazione di prodotti di consumo alimentari liquidi o semiliquidi. |
CA2726868A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Foss Analytical A/S | Process control of biotechnological processes |
WO2019070739A1 (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2019-04-11 | Avails Medical, Inc. | APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF MICROORGANISMS AND THE SENSITIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS TO ANTI-INFECTIOUS, BASED ON OXIDOREDUCTION REACTIONS |
DE102018102658A1 (de) | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-08 | AdvaTec Projects GmbH & Co. KG | Messgerät und Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Verkeimungsgrades von Prozessflüssigkeiten |
CN109061089A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-21 | 郑州鼎为实业有限公司 | 一种用于水污染检测的实验台 |
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US3731522A (en) * | 1970-09-30 | 1973-05-08 | Robertshaw Controls Co | Method and apparatus for determining oxygen consumption rate in sewage |
US4220715A (en) * | 1978-08-03 | 1980-09-02 | Johnston Laboratories, Inc. | Apparatus for and method of detection of significant bacteriuria in urine samples through measurement of head space gas oxygen consumption in a closed-vial system |
DE4415444A1 (de) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Basf Ag | Automatisches Meßsystem zur sterilen on-line Bestimmung der Sauerstofftransferrate (OTR) in Schüttelkolben |
US5422014A (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1995-06-06 | Allen; Ross R. | Automatic chemical monitor and control system |
DE4429809A1 (de) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-02-29 | Ziemann Gmbh A | Verfahren zur vollautomatischen Gärprozeßregelung bei der Herstellung alkoholischer Getränke nach dem "Umpumpverfahren" |
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US5224051A (en) | 1989-05-19 | 1993-06-29 | Cincinnati Milacron, Inc. | Fluid condition monitoring and controlling system for a metalworking fluid central system |
US5614378A (en) * | 1990-06-28 | 1997-03-25 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Photobioreactors and closed ecological life support systems and artifificial lungs containing the same |
DE19605753C2 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1998-05-14 | Norbert Pautz | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion von stoffwechselaktiven, unlädierten, ungestressten Mikroorganismen - quantitativ und qualitativ im "Sub-ppb-Bereich" innerhalb von Minuten |
-
1999
- 1999-05-12 DE DE19921999A patent/DE19921999C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-12 EP EP00936736A patent/EP1179174A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-12 JP JP2000618483A patent/JP2002543849A/ja active Pending
- 2000-05-12 CA CA002372851A patent/CA2372851A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-05-12 US US10/009,882 patent/US6677132B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-12 WO PCT/EP2000/004289 patent/WO2000070078A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3731522A (en) * | 1970-09-30 | 1973-05-08 | Robertshaw Controls Co | Method and apparatus for determining oxygen consumption rate in sewage |
US4220715A (en) * | 1978-08-03 | 1980-09-02 | Johnston Laboratories, Inc. | Apparatus for and method of detection of significant bacteriuria in urine samples through measurement of head space gas oxygen consumption in a closed-vial system |
US5702951A (en) * | 1990-07-04 | 1997-12-30 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Continuous RBCOD measurement |
US5422014A (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1995-06-06 | Allen; Ross R. | Automatic chemical monitor and control system |
DE4415444A1 (de) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Basf Ag | Automatisches Meßsystem zur sterilen on-line Bestimmung der Sauerstofftransferrate (OTR) in Schüttelkolben |
DE4429809A1 (de) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-02-29 | Ziemann Gmbh A | Verfahren zur vollautomatischen Gärprozeßregelung bei der Herstellung alkoholischer Getränke nach dem "Umpumpverfahren" |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1508621A1 (de) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-23 | Sysmex Corporation | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Bakterien |
US7582473B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2009-09-01 | Sysmex Corporation | Apparatus and method for analyzing bacteria |
CN109486969A (zh) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-19 | 贵州茅台酒股份有限公司 | 一种定向筛选产生正丙醇菌株的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002543849A (ja) | 2002-12-24 |
DE19921999A1 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
DE19921999C2 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
CA2372851A1 (en) | 2000-11-23 |
WO2000070078A3 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
EP1179174A2 (de) | 2002-02-13 |
US6677132B1 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
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